Ukuqonda Amalungelo Akho Asemthethweni Kwinkundla Yaseburhulumenteni

Ukunyanzelwa kwenkqubo yenkundla yeli lizwe kungaziva usongamela, kodwa ukwazi amalungelo akho asisiseko asemthethweni kukunika intembelo yokuba uthathe inxaxheba ngokunempumelelo kwityala lakho. Nokuba ungummangalelwa, ummangalelwa, umceli, okanye umphendula-mdla, iinkundla zeli phondo zilandela imithetho emiselweyo eyenzelwe ukukhusela izilangazelelo zakho nokuqinisekisa ukuba unyanisile. Olu lwimi lucacileyo luchaza amalungelo angundoqo onawo kwaye luwasebenzisa ngalo lonke icala lakho, ukusukela kwisekokuqala ukubhenela kwisicelo.

ISicwangciso SeNkundla yaseRhulumente

Iinkundla zezomthetho zisingatha uninzi lweempikiswano ezingokwasemthethweni eUnited States, kuquka umthetho wentsapho, izivumelwano, isiphene sobuqu, indawo yomnini-ndlu, imicimbi yolwaphulo-mthetho, nezinye ezingaphezulu. Urhulumente ngamnye unemithetho yakhe yenkqubo yoluntu neyolwaphulo-mthetho, kodwa zonke ziyabelana ngeziqinisekiso zomGaqo-siseko. UmGaqo-siseko ufuna iinkundla zikarhulumente ukuba zinikezele inkqubo efanelekileyo kwaye zikhuseleke ngokufanayo phantsi komthetho. Oku kuthetha ukuba unelungelo lokuphawula, ithuba elifanelekileyo lokuviwa, kunye nokuphathwa ngaphandle kocalucalucalulo.

Ucazululo lwendlela ezicwangciswe ngayo iinkqubo zenkundla yelizwe, i- inika i-ofisi yolawulo yeNkundla ye-U.S. ichaza umahluko phakathi kolawulo lwezwe nolombuso, ngeli lixa iDialote yeDistiki yeDislay ye-Philitiki ye- ikunika izinto zokukunceda uqonde inkqubo yezombuso.

Amalungelo asisiseko enkundla yeRhulumente

Wonke umntu ovela kwinkundla yeli lizwe unelungelo lamalungelo athile. La malungelo akangokhetho; ijaji namanye amaqela kufuneka bawahlonele. Owona ubalulekileyo uquka:

  • Ilungelo lokuviwa: Unethuba lokunikela icala lakho lebali. Oku kuquka ukwenza uluvo lokuvula, ukwazisa ubungqina, amangqina, nokukhupha iimpikiswano zokuqukumbela. Ukuba ungummangalelwa, ungaphendula kwizikhalazo ezichasene nawe.
  • Ilungelo lokunika Ubungqina: Ungabiza amangqina, ukwazisa amaxwebhu, iifoto, okanye ezinye izinto ezixhasa ityala lakho. Iinkundla azinakubukhupha ngokuzenzekelayo ubungqina bakho ngaphandle kokuba buphule imithetho ethile (umzekelo, indlebe okanye ubungalingani).
  • Ilungelo lokufumana ityala elilungileyo: Oku kuthetha ijaji engenamkhethe okanye abachopheli-mthetho, ithuba lokuthetha namangqina ngawe, nelungelo lesigqibo esisekelwe kwizibakala nomthetho onikezelwayo. Ikhethe okanye ikhethe lizisizathu sokungagqibeli okanye isibheno.
  • [[FLT: 0] Ilungelo kuMenzi- Wesigqibo Ongakhethi- Buso: Ijaji kufuneka ingathathi cala. Ukuba ukholelwa ukuba ijaji ingquzulwano yenzala okanye ikhethe, unga ngenisa intshukumo yokuphinda iphindiwe.

La malungelo asebenza ngokufanayo kubantu abaqesha amagqwetha nabo bazimelayo.

Ilayini esuka kwilayini ye Marcus

Unelungelo lokuqesha igqwetha nakweliphi na ityala lenkundla. Kwityala lenkundla yetyala, ukuba awunamali yegqwetha, inkundla kufuneka imisele elinye lakho ukuba ujamelana nexesha elinokwenzeka lokuvalelwa. Kwityala lasekuhlaleni, alikho ilungelo kwigqwetha elikhululekileyo, kodwa usenokuba ufanelekela iinkonzo zoncedo olusemthethweni ukuba ingeniso yakho iphantsi.

Abantu abaninzi bakhetha ukuzimela, eyaziwa njenge promo se. Ngelilungelo lakho, lineengozi ezinkulu. Abagwebi balindele amaxwebhu akwi projekti alandela imithetho efanayo njenge jaji. Kufuneka ufake amaxwebhu achanileyo ngexesha, ulandele inkqubo ukuze ufumane ubungqina, kwaye uqonde iimpikiswano ezisemthethweni. Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo ziquka amaxesha alahlekileyo, ukungaphumeleli ukukhonza ngokufanelekileyo omnye umbutho, okanye ukunikezela ubungqina obungaqondakaliyo.

Ukuba ugqiba kwelokuba uqhubeke ngaphandle kwegqwetha, qala ngokutyelela i-website yenkundla yetyala lakho. Iinkundla ezininzi ngoku zinika amaziko oncedo lwazo, iifomu, kunye nezikhokelo. I-Ligetal Services Transers organtion [ idibanisa abantu abangenayo nabangenayo ngokukhululekileyo okanye abanoncedo oluphantsi. Abo banokukwazi ukufikelela uncedo olulinganiselweyo, amanye amagqwetha anikela “ukungadibaniselwanga".

Xa Ufanele Ujonge Iathoriney

  • Izibonda ziphezulu: Ukugcina abantwana, iimali ezininzi, okanye inkululeko yakho isengozini.
  • Imiba yomthetho intsonkothile: Imeko yakho ibandakanya imimiselo engaqhelekanga, amaqela amaninzi, okanye ubungqina bobugcisa (umz., iingxelo zezamayeza, uxabiso loshishino).
  • Ujongene negqwetha kwelinye icala: Icebo lokunika imvume liyakwazi ugwebo lweprocedro kunye nempikiswano ezisemthethweni ongenakuzilindela.
  • [[FLT: 0] Sele uzama kwaye wangaphumeleli ngokwakho: Ukuba ufumene intshukumo yokulahla okanye yokushwankathela ugwebo, kusenokuba lixesha lokuqesha igqwetha.

Amalungelo Enkqubo: Imaphu Yakho Ngetyala

Amalungelo enkqubo yenkundla alawula indlela esebenza ngayo. La malungelo aqinisekisa ukuba akumangaliswa zizenzo zenkundla yaye unethuba lokusabela.

Isaziso seMihla yeNkundla

Unelungelo lokwamkela isaziso esifanelekileyo sazo zonke iimvo, imihla yokuvavanya, kunye neentsuku ezimisiweyo. Kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ngendlela engqinelanayo ukukwazisa ngesenzo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oku kuthetha unikezelo lobuqu lwezimemo kunye nesikhalazo, okanye inkonzo ngeposi eqinisekisiweyo. Ukuba uyahamba ngexesha letyala, kufuneka uhlaziye idilesi yakho nenkundla. Ukungaphumeleli ukuveza kuba ungafumananga isaziso kungaphumela kumgwebo ongagqibekanga nxamnye nawe.

Ilungelo Lokusabela

Kwimeko zabemi, unenani elikhethekileyo lentsuku (ngokoqobo 20 ukuya ku30) uku bhala impendulo ebhaliweyo kwisikhalazo. Ukuba awuphenduli, umkhapheli unokucela inkundla ukuba ingene kumgwebo ongagqibekanga. Kwimeko zolwaphulo-mthetho, unelungelo lokumangalela ungabi natyala kwaye ucel ’ umngeni izityholo phambi kokuchotshelwa kwetyala. Ilungelo lokuphendula liquka kwakhona amandla okukhupha okanye ukushukuma kwendlela yokugweba ngokufutshane.

Amalungelo Okufunyaniswa

Ukwazi ukufumanisa yinkqubo yokuphanda ulwazi ngaphambi kokuvavanywa kwetyala. Unelungelo lokucela amaxwebhu, iimpendulo ezibhaliweyo kwimibuzo (ii-projekti), kunye nokufaka izicelo kwelinye icala. Unelungelo lokungasibali izicelo ezibanzi, ezinzima, okanye ezifuna ulwazi olungachananga. Ukuqonda imithetho yokufumana kuyingozi kuba oko ukufundayo kunokwenza okanye kwaphula imeko yakho.

Ukufanele Ubhenele

Ukuba inkundla yenza impazamo engokwasemthethweni, unelungelo lokubhenela kwisigwebo sokugqibela kwinkundla ephakamileyo. Izibheno aziyi kuququzelelwa; uyaphikisa ukuba ityala ligweba ngokungawusebenzisi kakuhle umthetho okanye liphule amalungelo akho. Iilayini ezifileyo ngokufaka isaziso sesibheno zimfutshane kakhulu (ngokufuthi iintsuku ezingama-30). Kufuneka ugcine impikiswano ngokuyiphakamisa xa kuvavanywa; awunakuphakamisa imiba emitsha ngokubhenela. Kumatyala olwaphulo-mthetho, ilungelo lokubhena ligqibelele, nangona kufuneka ucele igalelo lwesisa ukuba ungenacala.

Amalungelo

Xa ityala lakho liqhubeka lichotshelwa, kusetyenziswa amalungelo awongezelelekileyo omgaqo-siseko nawasemthethweni.

Ukujamelana Netyala Lejaji

Kwimeko ezininzi zamakhaya ezibandakanya imali yomonakalo ongaphezulu kakhulu komqobo othile (ngokuthelekelelwa ii-500 000 ukuya ku-R220 000 kuxhomekeke kurhulumente), unelungelo lokucela ityala labachopheli-tyala. Kufuneka ufune ijaji ibhalwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo elimiselwe yinkundla yenkundla. Ngokufuthi ungayi kugqiba ixesha elimisiweyo. Ukuba uphosa ixesha, ukhetha ilungelo nejaji isigwebo. Abamangalelwa betyala banelungelo lomgaqo-mgaqo-siseko kwityala elinzulu. Kuwo omabini amatyala oluntu nawaphuli-mthetho, ungakhetha ukurhoxa umgwebi uze uvumele umgwebi agqibe (ityala).

Ukuya Kwityala Elikhawulezileyo

Kwimiba yolwaphulo-mthetho, iSithandathu SoMthetho oLandlisiweyo siqinisekisa ukuba ityala liza kukhawuleziswa. Ama-odolo anemimiselo emisela imida yexesha eliqingqiweyo (umz. ityala kufuneka liqale phakathi kweentsuku ezili-180 zokubanjwa kwamanye amazwe). Ukuba urhulumente ulibalelisa ngokungenangqiqo ityala lakho, ungashukumela ukuba ulicime. Kwiziko lasekuhlaleni, akukho lungelo lomgaqo-siseko, kodwa imithetho yenkundla idla ngokufuna ukuba ilungiswe ngexesha elifanelekileyo, okanye isenokupheliswe ngenxa yokungangeni kwetyala.

Ukuhlala Uthule Uze Ukhuseleke Ekuzichaseni

Kwizityholo zolwaphulo-mthetho, unelungelo lokungazingqinela. IsiHlanziso sesihlanu sikukhusela ekunyanzelweni ukuba ube lingqina ngawe. Ukuba ukhetha ukungangqini, umtshutshisi akanakuthetha ngokuthula kwakho okanye acele abachopheli-tyala ukuba bachaze iziphumo ezingalunganga. Kwityala lasekuhlaleni, ilungelo lokuzichasa ngokuzithethelela kusekho. Ungala ukuphendula umbuzo wokuzifaka okanye uvelise uxwebhu ukuba bekuya kuba bekuya kukuchasa ngokwezaphuli-mthetho. Kodwa ke, kwiimeko zamakhaya, abagwebi banokuvunyelwa ukuba bafumane i-arhente (ngokufana nakwiimeko zolwaphulo-mthetho).

Phawula ukuba ilungelo lokuthula alisebenzi kwiingxelo ozenza ngokuzithandela. Nantoni na oyifunayo kumapolisa, kuphengululo, okanye kwanakumaqela azimeleyo inokusetyenziswa nxamnye nawe. Inkundla ifuna ukuba nayiphi na ingxelo yokuvuma izono okanye yokumangalela ibe yeyokuzithandela neyokwazi.

Ukuhlaselwa NgamaNgqina

Abamangalelwa besaphuli-mthetho banelungelo lokujamelana ne-apine enqamlezayo enikelwa lityala. Oku kuquka ukukwazi ukubona amangqina engqina echanamile, ukuvavanya ukuthembeka kwawo, nokuzisa ubungqina bobuqhetseba okanye intshukumisa yokuxoka. Kwimeko zasekuhlaleni, amalungelo afanayo aphantsi kwemithetho yobungqina kunye nenkqubo efanelekileyo. Ungawanqamla amangqina achaseneyo ne-examine kwaye ungabuchazi ubungqina bawo.

Amalungelo Odidi Lweqela

Amalungelo akho akhethekileyo asenokuhluka kuxhomekeka ekubeni nguwe ofaka ityala okanye lowo ulikhuselayo.

Amalungelo Abamangaleli

  • [[UMTL:0] Ilungelo lokufaka ifayile nokumangalela izityholo: Ukhetha ukuba umangalelwa nini na apho ufanele ukumangalelwa khona (ngokubhekiselele kwimithetho elawulayo neyamkelekileyo).
  • [[UMTL:0] Ekunene ukulawula ityala: Ugqiba ukuba uza kuzinzisa, ugxothe, okanye uqhubekele ukuvavanya (ubhekiso kwimvume yasenkundleni kwezinye iimeko ezifana nezenzo zodidi).
  • [[UMTL:0] Ekunene ukufuna umonakalo okanye isiphumlisi: Ungacela imbuyekezo yemali, imimiselo, okanye imigwebo yokukhupha.
  • [[UMTL: 0] ekunene ukunyanzelisa umgwebo: Ukuba uphumelele, ungasebenzisa amayeza asemva komgwebo afana nomvuzo womhlawulo, intengo zebhanki, okanye izinto ezisemgangathweni.

Amalungelo omKhuseli

  • Ukukhusela kwicala elichaseneyo nezibalo: Ungafaka impendulo eqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nee-aclaims.
  • [[FLT: 0] Asekunene ukucela unikezelo okanye indawo: Ukuba inkundla ayinagunya kuwe, ungahambisa intshukumo yokurhoxa.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Ekunene kwithuba elilungileyo lokulungiselela: Ungacela isandisi, intelekelelo yokufumana, kwaye ulungiselele imeko yakho ngaphandle kokutyhalwa ukuvavanya ngaphambi kwexesha.
  • [[FLT: 0] Ekunene ukuba ingakhululeka ekumiliselweni: I- caltiff ayinako ukuphumelela kuba ungaphendulanga/ ngaphandle kwesaziso esisiso, ugwebo olungagqibekanga lungabekwa bucala.
  • [[UMTL: 0] ekunene ukubhenela ukuba ulahlekelwa: Ungavavanya umgwebo.

Ukunikela Ulwazelelelo Olukhethekileyo Kwiintlobo Ezahlukeneyo Zenkundla

Iinkundla zelizwe zineenkqubo ezikhethekileyo. Amalungelo akho asoloko esebenza, kodwa kukho umahluko.

INkundla Yentsapho

Kwimicimbi yokugcinwa kwabantwana nokuqhawulwa komtshato, ingongoma igxininisa kwizinto ezilunge ngakumbi umntwana. Unelungelo lokunikela ubungqina ngobuchule bokukhulisa umntwana, ukunikela ubungqina, nokubiza amangqina angoononkcubeko. Kodwa ke, inkundla isenokumisela amalungelo athile ukuba igqiba ukuba kuyimfuneko kukhuseleko lomntwana. Umzekelo, inkundla inokuyalela ukuba utyelelo olujongelwe. Unelungelo lokuviwa ezindlebeni zonke, kodwa abagwebi bentsapho basoloko benobulumko obuphangaleleyo.

Inkundla Encinane

Inkundla yamatyala encinane yenzelwe amatyala anemali ephantsi (ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphantsi kwe-R10 000). Abalawuli abasoloko bevumelekile okanye bethintelwa. Unelungelo lokuzimela, uxelele ityala lakho kumajaji, kwaye ubize amangqina. Iimvavanyo azicwangciswanga, kodwa usenalo ilungelo lokunikela ubungqina kunye nokuphikisa ityala lakho. Izibheno ezisuka kwiinkcazo ezincinane zidla ngokulinganiselwe kwiimpazamo zomthetho, zingaqwalaseli izibakalangiso.

INkundla Yezaphuli-mthetho

Ukhuseleko loMgaqo-siseko lomelele kakhulu apha. Ukongeza kumalungelo angasentla, unelungelo lokuhlala uthule ukususela ngexesha lokubanjwa, ilungelo lokuya kwigqwetha naxa kuncinwa, ilungelo lokuva into enokwenzeka, nelungelo lokungabekwa sengozini ephindwe kabini. Ukwanelungelo lokuvavanywa kwetyala likawonke-wonke nokubakho kuzo zonke iinkalo ezinzima.

Indlela Yokukhusela Amalungelo Akho

Ukuqonda amalungelo akho linyathelo lokuqala; umele uthabathe amanyathelo okuwanyanzelisa.

  • Funda imithetho yenkundla: Urhulumente ngamnye upapasha imithetho yakhe yenkqubo yamakhaya, imithetho yomthetho weentsapho, kunye nekhowudi yobungqina kwi-intanethi. Iziko lohlanga lweeNkundla zeRhulumente linikezela amakhonkco kwiwebhthi nganye yenkundla yenkundla.
  • Gcina iirekhodi ezicwangcisiweyo: Gcina ifayile inamaxwebhu onke asenkundleni, uqhagamshelwano, kunye neephetshana lonxulumano kunye namaqela okanye nomabhalane.
  • [[UMTL:0] Cela indawo yokuhlala: Ukuba unesiphene okanye umqobo wolwimi, unelungelo lokucela itoliko, ubugcisa obuncedisayo, okanye ezinye iindawo zokuhlala phantsi kwamaMelika ezinoMthetho woGunyaziso kunye nomthetho karhulumente.
  • Object ukuphulula umthetho ngokukhawuleza: Ukuba elinye icala lizama ukunikela ubungqina emva kwexesha, cela ijaji ukuba ayishiye. Ukuba ukholelwa ukuba ijaji ingumphamba, hamba ukuze uyibethe. Injongo kufuneka zenziwe ngendlela efike ngexesha elifanelekileyo okanye ukhuphele ekubheleni.
  • intshukumo zefayile ukunyanzelisa amalungelo akho: Imizekelo iquka intshukumo yokunyanzela ukufunyanwa, intshukumo yomyalelo wokukhusela, okanye intshukumo kwi limine ukukhupha ubungqina obungalunganga.
  • Musa ukuvumelana namalungelo okulahla ngaphandle kokuqonda iziphumo: Izivumelwano zokuhlala, imiyalelo, kunye nezindululo zisoloko zilinganisela ilungelo lakho lokubhenela okanye ubungqina obukhoyo. Funda ngenyameko kwaye uqwalasele ukudibana negqwetha.

Iimpazamo Eziqhelekileyo Ezingawachaphazeli Amalungelo Akho

  • [[UMTL: 0] Inkundla ingalamkela ifamle yasemva ngaphandle kokuba ubonise unobangela olungileyo.
  • [[FLT: 0] Ukuzingisa ukuphendula kwintshukumo: Ukuba ezinye iifayile zentshukumo, kufuneka ukhuphe inkcaso ebhaliweyo kumhla wesiphelo. Kungenjalo, ijaji inganika intshukumo njengengachaswanga.
  • Uzinikela ngokwakho ngaphandle kolungiselelo: Iproligisters ezisoloko zilahleka kuba zingayazi imithetho, hayi ngenxa yokuba intengo yazo ayisebenzi.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Izicelo zokufumana ezingaqondakaliyo: Ukungasabeli kungakhokelela kwingxengxezo, kuquka ukugxothwa kwemeko yakho okanye ukubetha ukhuseleko lwakho.
  • Awugcini rekhodi: Ukuba ufuna ukubhena, kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba amathandabuzo nobungqina buse rekhodini.

Isiphelo

Amalungelo akho asemthethweni kumatyala enkundla yenkundla yetyala enzelwe ukukunika ilizwi kunye nethuba elifanelekileyo. Ngokusuka kwilungelo lokuphawula nokumela, ngokuvavanywa nangokucengwa, unezixhobo ezinamandla zokuzikhusela. Undoqo kukufunda ngemithetho ethile ekwimeko yakho, hlangabezana nayo yonke into emiselwe ixesha elithile, kwaye uqwalasele ngokunzulu ukuqeshwa kwegqwetha xa ityala lakho libandakanya izibonda eziphezulu okanye ukuntsonkotha. Xa uwasebenzisa ngenkuthalo amalungelo akho, uyawandisa amathuba okuba nesiphumo sobulungisa.

Ukhokelo olongezelelekileyo, hlola izibonelelo ezizincedayo kwi-website yenkundla yenkundla yelizwe lakho okanye qhagamshelana neqela lebhatyi yobulali. I-American Bar Association’s Law-Recred Education Network [[FLT: 1] inikela izinto ezijijelweyo kubantu abahamba kwiinkundla ngaphandle kwegqwetha. Khumbula: ulwazi luyi-advocacy.