Kulo lonke elaseUnited States, oorhulumente belizwe baye bavela njengee-injini ezigxeka ukuhambela phambili kwendlela yokulingana kunye namathuba angephiyo kwiqaqobana nakuluntu oluphantsi. Ngelixesha iinkqubo zikarhulumente zimisela izakhiwo ezibanzi, ngokufuthi kumgangatho worhulumente apho iinkqubo zojoliseko zithetha ngqo ngokuchasene kwembali, kuphucula ukufumaneka koovimba ababalulekileyo, kwaye kukhuthaza ukukhuthazwa kwezoqoqosho. Ukusuka kwiKhalifoniya yesko , ukuqwalasela iingxaki eziqhubekayo ze-injini encinane yaseNew York, ezi zinyathelo libonisa ukuqwalaselwa okukhulayo okufuna ukutshintsha okunentsingiselo, isenzo esinentsingiselo semeko-mentlalo-ntle. Eli nqaku lihlola iinjongo eziphambili zelizwe , libalasemngeni olubalulekileyo, ukujonga iingxaki eziqhubekayo, kwaye liqwalasela amathuba athe kralamngeni athe kra ade anokuchaphazela nangaphezulu.

Izinto Ezingundoqo Ezithatyathwa Ngurhulumente

Amanyathelo karhulumente kubantu abambalwa nabangaphantsi kwemeko asukela iinjongo ezintathu ezidibeneyo: ukwandisa ukufikelela kwimfundo nasemsebenzini, ukuphucula iziphumo zempilo, nokuqinisa ukuhambela phambili kwezoqoqosho. Ezi njongo azidibanisi; ziyaqinisana. Umzekelo, amathuba angcono emfundo akhokelela kwimisebenzi ephezulu enika i-96, nto leyo ebangela ukuphucula impilo kunye nokuzinza kwemali. Iinkqubo zikarhulumente zidla ngokuthabatha indlela yokwandiswa kwemiqobo eqwalasela iziphumo ezimanyeneyo zemiqobo emibalwa emininzi.

Imfundo nenkqubela yomsebenzi isaqhubeka. Iinkqubo zemfundo, amaqumrhu oqeqesho, uqeqesho lobuchule, kunye noqeqesho lwemisebenzi olujolise ngqo kwixhoba labamnyama, abaNsundu, i-Latino, kunye namanye amaqela akwimbali. Le migudu ijolise ekuvaleni izithuba ezizingisileyo kumgangatho wokuphumelela kwesikolo esiphakeme, ukubhalisa, ukuhambela phambili koshishino, ukuhambela phambili kwezemfundo. Impilo epheleleyo, okwangoku, igxininisa ekunciphiseni iinkalo zokungalinganiyo kwisifo esinganyangekiyo, ukufa kwabantwana abazala, nokufikelela ekunyamekeleni kwe-aas /asssssssssssssssssssssssss processifiedssssssssss, inkcective, iss, kunye nokuthengwa ngumgangatho wokudlala kwimimandla encinane ephezulu abarhwebini abakhoyo, iinkonzo ezikhoyo.

Imizekelo yeenkqubo zikaRhulumente

Iimeko ezininzi zimisele iinkqubo ezitsha ezisele zivelisa iziphumo ezinokuvela. Le mizekelo ilandelayo ibonisa umgama weendlela ezithathwayo ukuxhasa ingingqi encinane nengasetyenziswanga.

Ukungalingani Kobuhlanga EKhalifoniya

IKhalifoniya izenze inkokeli yesizwe kwimali ekhoyo yesizwe ephakathi kwe-octy. ICalifornia Black Free Fund [i-CFF], inyathelo elingu-100 lezigidi zezigidi ze-irandi, linika inkxaso kwiintlangano ezisebenza ekupheliseni ubuhlanga benkqubo yemida kwimimandla enjengezindlu, imfundo, i-ofisi yezempilo, kunye nenkxalabo yempilo. I-CFFF ikhokelwe kwi-BP ekhokelwa yi-Black California kunye nabo basebenzela uluntu olucekelwe elunxwemeni. Ngaphandle kwentlawulo lwemali, inkqubo inika inkxaso ye-666 ukuqinisekisa ukugcinwa okuzinzileyo. IKhalifoni, iquqululwe ne-otabhusayithi ye-Eycctians equance ilungele ukuhambela kwemimiselo yemiqatha equ yamazwe.

Inkqubo Encinane Neyamabhinqa YaseNew York

Inkqubo yeshishini le- ye-Monority ne-Women . yenye yemigudu ebanzi yelizwe ukuxhasa oosomashishini abahlukeneyo. I-1988, inkqubo iqinisa amashishini akwindawo engama-51%, asebenza, kwaye elawulwa ngamaqela ambalwa okanye amabhinqa. I-Cesterstings ifumana ungenelelo lokufumana amathuba, intelekelelo, uncedo lobugcisa, kunye neziganeko zonxibelelwano. Imo imisela iinjongo zonyaka zokusebenza kwamaqela e-MWES, i-5% ejongelaat mvumeni eqeshweni kuwo onke amasebe. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-New York ive ifumana unikezelo lokunikezela kwe-MWED ne-ED ezinikezelayongezelelenee-MWCED, kunye neziganeko zezoshishinoburhulumente ngexesha lombane.

Ukuqalisa Impilo Engacaciyo ETexas

ITexas iphuhlise iinkqubo ezijolise ekunciphiseni izithuba zempilo zobuhlanga. Iinkqubo ezingundoqo ziquka inkqubo ye-Community Health Workers. i-Texas neKhomishini yeeNkonzo zoLuntu (HHSC) ziqhuba i-Ofisi ye-Heal Health Equity ejolise ekunciphiseni umlinganiselo ophezulu wokufa kwesizwe kunye nezempilo yohlanga. Iinkqubo ezingundoqo ziquka inkqubo ye-Unity Health Working Sy, eziqeqesha abasebenzi basekuhlaleni ukudibanisa abasebenzi abanxibelela phantsi kwe-ofisi ekhuselekileyo, kunye ne-Materneral Health and Safety Itificity, ezizimisele ukunciphisa umlinganiselo ophezulu wokufa kukarhulumente wokuzala kwemizalwa kwabantwana. I-Blavicene. Kwaneetheki kunye nemibutho yezo yezo yempilo elungele ukwandisa impilo, iinkqubo zezo zonyango ezisetyenziswayondla eziseza esemaphandleni nakwe esemaphandleni.

Ithuba Lezoqoqosho Nenkqubela Yomsebenzi EIllinois

Illinois ithenge kakhulu iinkqubo zezoqoqosho nezemisebenzi kuluntu olumbalwa. I-Illinois Iproject Preappraiced Program inikela uqeqesho namava omsebenzi ahlawulwayo kumaqela akhoyo phantsi kolwakhiwo. Iinkqubo zolwakhiwo kunye neekholeji zoluntu, amaqumrhu, kunye neenkampani ukulungiselela abathathi-nxaxheba kwimisebenzi emide. Ukongeza, i-Illinois yasungula i-Community Reinvestment Fund, ekwakhenkela i-mali yemibutho elungelelanisayo, iminikelo emincinane yoshishino, kunye nezindlu ezinokulinganayo kwimimandla engoko yokurhoxazulu. Le migudu iyinxalenye yemithetho yokulungisa intlalo-ntlalo-ntle ebandakanya ukukhusela amalungelo amapolisa, ukuvota, ukuxhasa kwemfundo yemfundo.

Ubuhlwempu Nempembelelo Elungeleleneyo YaseMichigan

Indlela yokusebenza kaMichigan idibanisa idata àverriven inkqubo kunye nokudibana koluntu. IMichigan Poverty and Equity Task Force, eyadalwa yiRhuluneli uGreetchen Whitmer ngo-2019, idityanisa iinkokeli zomasebe karhulumente, abameli abangaphumeleli ngeniso, kunye nabahlali abahlala emavandleni aphantsi okuhlwempuzekileyo. I-Michigan ibandakanya iingxelo zonyaka ezibonisa ingeniso efana nokungalingani kwengeniso, ukufumaneka kokutya, kunye nesondlo sorhwebo sookrwelo, kuquka inkqubo yenqwelo-moya yezigidi ezingama-10 (R10) yokuqinisekisa ukunyamekela abantwana abasebenza phantsi kweentsapho kunye ne-ofisi entsha yoMbutho woluntu enceda amashishini okuguqula amaqela abaqeshwa kwi-200ziweyo.

Iindawo ezongezelelekileyo Zokujolisa

Ngapha koko, inyathelo likarhulumente lokubala imimandla emininzi.

Imfundo

Amazwe aye asebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuvala izithuba zemfundo. ICollege Bound Scholarship yaseWashington inika abafundi abafanelekileyo abafumana imali abaphantsi ngesithembiso soncedo lwemali ukuba badibana nee-parks ezithile zemfundo, kwaye izabelo ezikhulayo zabamkeli zivela kwiimvelaphi ezincinci. IBhulorho e-Maryland yeSiza ngeFakethe kaMaryland yanda iyanda ngamashumi anesibini emali kwimimandla ephezulu, yandisa ukufikelela kwe-prebindergarten, kwaye isungula iinkqubo ze-partrapy zabafundisi-mbala. i-Massachusetts iqhuba iBridge i-Bridge inika inkqubo yokulungisa i-empumelelo, umncedisi wezifundo, kunye nenkxaso yemfundo ekhethekileyo kubafundi abamnyama kunye ne-Latin. Amazwe amaninzi aye akhulula okanye anciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwabafundi abaphezulu bee-6666666-maketting iimvini ze-eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeepropie pro projectives.

Inkxaso yeshishini neMali

Inkqubela-phambili yeshishini elincinane iyaqhubeka ibalulekile. Ukongeza kwinkqubo ye-MWBE yaseNew York, ithetha njengaseGeorgia, eOhio, nasePennsylvania isebenza isiqinisekiso kunye neenkqubo zoncedo ezifanayo. Abaninzi ngoku bafaka isiqinisekiso ngenkxaso encinane yoshishino kwii-ofisi zemicimbi encinane. I-California ne-Illinois zivelise “ukungahambelani nokufumana iprojekthi” iinkqubo ezinika ulwamkelo kwimibutho eninzi ekwakhekelwe kuyo iingxelo ezomeleleyo. Amanye amazwe, kuquka iColorado no New Mexico, azama ukukhangela ingeniso yengeniso engundoqo ejonge iintsapho ezifumana i-RAPins kwaye aboniswe ukuphucula ulungiso lwemali phakathi kweentsapho ezincinane. Abanye bafaka umgangatho wabasebenzi njengendlela yokwakha ubutyebi bemiqeshobo.

Impilo Nowell 16) Ukufumana

Iindlela zokufumana inkxaso-mali zempilo zinyuke ngaphezu kwendlela yokunyamekela isithethe. Amazwe axhasa ngemali abasebenzi bezempilo, iikliniki zezempilo ezihambayo, kunye nolwimi. Inyathelo lokusebenzisa i-ofisi yezentlalo elungelelanisiweyo ye-Oregon yezonyango (CCO) lidibanisa amalungu eeNtlalo, indlela yokuziphatha, kunye nezempilo yamazinyo kuMadicaid, igxininise ekunciphiseni umahluko weentlanga zoluntu. I-Hawaii “Weasy Hawaii" isebenzisa inyathelo lokuqala lentlalo-ntle yempilo yezindlu, ukhuseleko, kunye nemisebenzi njengezinto zempilo. Amaphondo amaninzi asungule iikomiti ezihlola ngokukhethekileyo ukunqanda ukuchasana nokuncomela inkqubo yokutshintsha i-Manden Madicaid, ukuqeqesha ngokuneyo, ukuqokelelwa ngokuneyo ukuqokelelwa kwemibutho yesizwe, nokuqokelelwa kwe-data yesizwe.

Uphuhliso lwezindlu noluntu

Indlu yeSebe leNdlu yoPhuhliso loLuntu leKhalifoni liyindawo enzima apho ukuthatha inyathelo likarhulumente linokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwamakhaya ixesha elide. iWashington, D.C., kunye namaphondo amaninzi aye amisela ukhuseleko lwamalungelo abaqeshi oluncedayo ekuthinteleni ukushenxiswa kwabemi abambalwa. ISebe leSifo saseCalifornia iFair House nesoPhuhliso loMbutho liqhuba iinkqubo ezinika uncedo lwe-R69 kunye noncedo olusemthethweni kwiintsapho ezisemngciphekweni wokuphulukana namakhaya azo. AmaMassachusetts kunye neNew Jersey ziye zafumana intlawulo olunezentengo zezindlu zasekuhlaleni, ezigcina indawo ekwazi ukuhlala neyakhenkeneyo. I-American Relexpoint Act Act Act (ARPA) yakhuthaza uninzi lwamazwe ukuba akhuthaze ii-R3696, iinkqubo zokuqeshwa kwezindlu, kunye neenkonzo zokuthintela ukuhla, inzuzo ephezulu ye-odrosems, enceda i-odmiglose ngokungenayoku

Utshintsho Lobulungisa

Umbutho wobulungisa bobuhlanga ushukumisele amazwe amaninzi ukuba aguqule iinkqubo zawo zobulungisa bolwaphulo-mthetho. I-Illinois yaba lizwe lokuqala lokuphelisa ibheyile yemali, uqheliselo oludla ngokuchaphazeleka ngokwenkohlakalo nobuhlwempu obuthi nobuNsundu kunye nabamangalelwa base-Hispanic. i-Oregon, iColorado, neNevada iye yamisela iinkqubo zokususa imiqobo yomsangi esusa imiqobo yomsebenzi kunye nezindlu zabantu abanomgangatho ophantsi we-759 cannabis. Amazwe amaninzi aye ayila amabhunga ajongenezokuziphatha kwamapolisa, kwaye afakwe kwimiqathango yeengxaki zempilo yengqondo njengenye indlela yokungenelela amapolisa ekungeneleni kongenelo lwamapolisa kwiimeko ezingabanga li-Genegavi.

Ucelomngeni Namathuba

Kwanezona zinto zibalulekileyo eziye zasetyenziswa ukuze kuveliswe iinkqubo eziphumelelayo, zijamelana nemiqobo ebalulekileyo.

Ukuhlawula Imida Nokuthanda Kwezobupolitika

Uqingqo-mali lwezorhulumente lunovelwano kwimijikelo yezoqoqosho, kwaye iinkqubo zokuthelekisa zisoloko zixhomekeke kwingeniso eseleyo okanye kwiminikelo karhulumente. Ngexesha lokuwa, ezi nkqubo zingajamelana nenkxaso eninzi naxa kukho imfuneko ephakamileyo. Ukuzinikela okuqinileyo kwezobupolitika kuyafuneka ukugcina imijelo yenkxaso yemali; utshintsho kulawulo okanye kwimithetho ephambili lungakhokelela kwinkqubo yokuphazamiseka. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zikarhulumente 76 kukwathetha ukuba abemi belinye ilizwe banokuba nenkxaso eyahlukileyo kakhulu kunabemi bomnye, ukuhambisela phambili kwemibango.

Izixhobo ezithintelayo kunye neMida yokuHlanganisa

Iinkqubo zemfundo ezisulelweyo ngezantsi. * ezifana neemarike zokuhlala ezicalucalucalulweyo, iimarike zezemfundo ezisebenza ngokungafaniyo, kunye neenkqubo zemfundo ezihlala zingenako ukutshintshwa ngoko nangoko ziinkqubo ezikwanti. Umzekelo, inkqubo yemfundo isenokunyusa ukufikelela kokholeji, kodwa ukuba abafundi abanemibala engafaniyo basenokujamelana nokungakhuseleki, iintlango, nokungaxhaswa kwemfundo, amanani eemali angahlala esezantsi. Ukufak'iiingxaki yotshintsho luyenzeka naxa iinkqubo zinganxibelelani kakuhle nabantu abazimiseleyo. Ukuba iintsapho ezifanelekileyo azinalwazi ngezo iziko zokuthandlo okanye inkqubo yoncedo, ukuthatha inxaxheba. Ukukhuphisana kwezentelekelelo, ukufikelela kolwimi, ukuthemba kunye nokunikezela komsebenzi zinokusetyenziswa kwazo zonke ezi ziyimfuneko ekuvaleni ezi zizithuba.

Amathuba Olwandiso Notshintsho

Phezu kwazo nje iinzima, amajelo anamathuba abalulekileyo okukhawulezisa inkqubela. Umzekelo, abenzi bomthetho bavumela ukuba baphawule umahluko kunye noovimba abathe ngqo apho zifuneka khona. Amaphondo amaninzi ngoku asebenzisa iibhodi zomnqamlezo zobuhlanga ukulandelela iziphumo ezinqamlezileyo kumasebe ngexesha lokwenene. Ii-Crosspreadtate commentationation(umzekelo, iNxulumano yeSizwe loMagunyelo ekusebenzeni ngokulinganayo okanye kwiSiko-Eququaty Institute yempilo yeSizwe (ecety) kwaye ayakwazi ukuphepha ukwabelana ivili elifanelekileyo. Ubugcisa bungadlala indima: kwi-intanethi ekuncedeni izicelo eziluncedo, iselula unxibelelwano lokuqala loluntu, kunye nee-data ezivulekileyo ezinceda ukufikelela urhulumente wonke amanyathelo abo bawafuna kakhulu.

Iinkqubo zenkxaso-mali ezintsha, njengempembelelo yentlalo kunye neemodeli zenkcubeko, zingatsala ikomkhulu labucala ukwenzela iinkqubo ze-equity ngeli lixa lidibanisa izisusa neziphumo ezinokuthelekelelwa. Ngokufanayo, ukusebenzisana nemibutho esekelwe kwingingqi, amaqela okholo, kunye namashishini asekuhlaleni kunokukwandisa ukufikelela nokuthenjwa kwemigudu karhulumente. Mhlawumbi, okubaluleke kakhulu, okubandakanya ngokukhutheleyo amalungu abantu abambalwa nangaphantsi kwendlela yokuyila, ukuzalisekisa, kunye nokuvavanywa kwezi nkqubo kuqinisekisa ukuba ziyafaneleka kwaye ziyasabela kwiimfuno zokwenene.

Indlela Ephambili: Ukuzibophelela Nokukhuthaza

Amasebe esizwe sele eyenzile inkqubela enenjongo ekuxhaseni iqaqobana elincinane naphantsi kolwazi olukhoyo, kodwa akukho thuba lokungakhathali. Ezona zinyathelo zisebenzayo zezizo zixhaswa ngokupheleleyo, zijongwe ngokungaguqukiyo, kwaye zisoloko zilungelelaniswe ngokusekelwe kwimpendulo kunye nogcino-lwazi. Ukuhambela phambili, amasebe kufuneka aqwalasele imilinganiselo yokungaguquguqukiyo kuzo zonke izigqibo ezingundoqo zenkqubo, hayi kwiinkqubo ezikhoyo kuphela. Oku “kuhambela phambili kusondele” ukusondela ngokulula kuvavanywa nguCalifornia noWashington.

Elinye inyathelo elibalulekileyo kukwakha ubuchule bokuphendula obude. Amaqumrhu azimeleyo, iingxelo zonyaka wesingqino, kunye namabhunga akhuthaza uluntu ayakwazi ukugcina abameli besizwe bekwindlela elandelelanayo. Amazwe kufuneka afakelele ekwakheni amandla eentlangano zengca esoloko inyusa ngamandla kwiindawo ezingaphantsi kwe-inkonzo kodwa engenankxaso eqinileyo. Ekugqibeleni, umanyano lwamazwe ahlala ebalulekile. Ulwandiso lweziko loluntu kunye nozaliso lwemozulu, umzekelo, kufuneka ludityaniswe neemfuno ze-ocessivery eziqinisekisa imisebenzi neenzuzo zelizwe elingaphandle.

Ekugqibeleni, inyathelo eliphambili lamasebe karhulumente lokuxhasa iqaqobana elincinane nabehlalisiweyo lixhomekeke kwisibopho esiqinileyo, sonke esipheleleyo sikarhulumente. Xa amazwe edibanisa iinjongo ezicacileyo, iinkqubo ezisekelwe kubungqina, oovimba abaneleyo, kunye nomanyano lokwenyaniso loluntu, angenza ikamva elilinganayo elinokuphinda lilunge, elinokungabikho kwemiqobo elungiselelweni, ukuncipha kwempilo, nokuthatha inxaxheba kwezoqoqosho. Indlela engaphambili ifuna, kodwa inkqubela sele inika isiseko esinamandla esizakhelwe ngako.