Ukuqonda Ukuphendulelwa Kurhulumente: Ukukhangela Ngokunzulu

Ukubekwa kwetyala yisiseko solawulo-demokhrasi, kuqinisekisa ukuba amagosa kawonke-wonke kunye namaziko ahlala enokuphenduleka ngezenzo zawo, izigqibo, nokusetyenziswa koovimba babantu. Ngaphandle kokwenza amanyathelo amakhulu okuphendula ityala. Ngaphandle koorhulumente banokuba zizisulu zokungathobeli, ukonakala, okanye ulawulo olungqongqo. Le ngcamango ihamba ngaphaya kolawulo olulula; ibandakanya inkqubo yokuhlola kunye nolungelelwaniso olunika abemi amandla okufuna ubulungisa, ukubonakala kwamagosa oluntu, iziphumo ezithe gqolo, kunye nezenzo zokulungisa iinkonzo zabo. Ukuphembelela ngokunempumelelo koluntu, iphucula iziphumo zemithetho, kwaye iqinisa ulawulo lomthetho. Eli nqaku lihlola imibambo epheleleyo yokuphendula amatyala, ezopolitiko, ulawulo, kunye nolawulo lwentlalo-ntlalo, ukujonga iinzaliseko lokwenene, iingxaki eziqhubekayo, kunye nendima eqhubekayo kwezobugcisa.

Isiseko sokuphendula kukarhulumente

Ukuphendula kurhulumente kubhekisela kwiinkqubo nakwiinkqubo amagosa karhulumente abekwa ngazo ityala ngehambo nangendlela asebenza ngayo. Asisosixhobo esinye kodwa sisixhobo esinenkqubo ezixhomekekena. Imigaqo engundoqo iquka:

  • [[UMTHL:0] Imbopheleleko yamagosa yokwazisa nokucacisa izigqibo zabo.
  • Unyanzeliso: Umthamo wokumisela imvume okanye imilinganiselo yokulungisa xa amagosa engaphumeleli ukufikelela imilinganiselo.
  • I- Ukunikezela: Iqondo apho izenzo zikarhulumente zihambelana neemfuno noluhlu lwezinto ezikhethwayo zabemi.
  • [[Umthetho:0] Ukungangeni: Ukunamathela kwimilinganiselo yokuziphatha nokuphepha ungquzulwano lwenzala.

Le migaqo isebenza ngamaziko asemthethweni omabini (amacawa, iintsebenziswano zowiso-mthetho, iiofisi zophicotho-zincwadi) kunye nemijelo engacwangciswanga (imijelo yemijelo kawonke-wonke, iinkqubo zoluntu). Imekobume elungeleleneyo yokuphendula idityaniswe nemithetho ephezulu ephezulu kunye nokubophelelana kommi okusezantsi, kudala irhintyela elinamandla lokunika ingxelo notshintsho.

Iintlobo ezinkulu zamanyathelo okuphendula

Ngoxa inqaku lokuqala lidwelisa iindidi ezine, nganye iqulethe umatshini ongaphantsi ofanele ukuhlolisiswa ngokweenkcukacha.

Ukuphendula ngokusemthethweni

Ukuphendula okusemthethweni kuxhomekeke kwimimiselo yejaji nakweyomthetho ukunyanzelisa imithetho enxamnye nabadlali bakarhulumente. Oku kuquka ukuhlolisiswa komgaqo-siseko, umthetho wolawulo, iinkundla ezichasa ukonakala, nokutshutshiswa kwamagosa karhulumente.

  • [[NKQUBO:0] Impinda yeQumrhu: IiNkundla zingabetha izenzo zolawulo okanye umthetho ophula amalungelo omGaqo-siseko okanye imida yemithetho. Umzekelo, amandla eNkundla ePhakamileyo ye-U.S. alongezele ukucaciswa kwetyala ucebise urhulumente ngaphezu kweenkulungwane ezimbini.
  • Iinstitutions: iiofisi ezizimeleyo eziphanda ngezikhalazo zabemi ngokuchasene namaqumrhu karhulumente. IPalamente yaseSweden Ombudsman, emiselwe ngo-1809, yenye yezona zimo zemizekelo ezindala nenempembelelo.
  • [[NKT:0] Imibutho exhobisayo: AmaBhodi anjenge Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) eHong Kong okanye iKPK e-Indonesia inamandla abanzi okuphanda nokuchophela ukunganyaniseki nokugweba, ngokufuthi asebenza ngomGaqo-siseko ekungeneleni kwezobupolitika.
  • Imithetho ekhusela iWittleer Provices: ekhusela abantu abaxela ukuqhatha, ukulahlwa, okanye ukuxhatshazwa kwimpindezelo. UMthetho weWhistlepulter Protection Act (19989) neEU Whistlehispliphere Directive (209) yimizekelo ephawulekayo.

Kumazwe amaninzi, abagwebi bajamelana neyoyikeko okanye ukungabi nankululeko, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umthetho ungabi nazintloni.

Ukuziphendulela Kwezobupolitika

Ityala lezobupolitika lisebenza ngendlela yokuvota nokumela. Izahlulo-mali zisebenzisa unyulo ukuvuza okanye ukohlwaya abasebenzi, ngoxa izindlu zowiso-mthetho zinikela ukhokelo oluqhubekayo kwisebe elilawulayo. Ii-asethi ezingundoqo ziquka:

  • Inkululeko neNnyuso Yomfako: rhoqo, ukhuphiswano luvumela abavoti basuse phantsi kokwenza amagosa. Noko ke, ukurhoxisa, ukungalungelelani kwezemali, kunye nonyanzelo lovoti lungagqwetha eli cebo.
  • [[NKQUBO:0] Imithetho elawulayo elawulayo: iqulathe ukuchotshelwa, amaxwebhu okufuna, kunye nohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali oluvunyiweyo. IiKomiti zingafaka amangqina epopu kwaye ziqalise uphando. IBhunga lobugqwesi-ndlebe obukwingxaki yemali yowa ka-2009 okanye amanyala aseWatergate abonakalisa amandla okuphendula kwezobupolitika.
  • Ixesha lokuqulunqa: Kwinkqubo zepalamente, abalungiseleli kufuneka baphendule imibuzo evela kubenzi bomthetho kwiintlanganiso zikawonke-wonke. IUK House of Commons Primes Questions ingumzekelo ophezulu weprofile.
  • Iimfuno eziqulunqweyo nezixelwayo: Oorhulumente abaninzi bafuna iingxelo zexesha nexesha kwimilingo yomsebenzi, uphicotho-manani lwemali, kunye nohlolo lwenkqubo, ezingenisa kwiingxoxo zezobupolitika kunye nezixhobo zoqingqo-mali.

Ukuziphendulela kwezobupolitika kuyancipha xa ingqeqesho yeqela iphelisa ukungavisisani, xa inkululeko yesixhobo sokusasaza imibandela ithintelwa, okanye xa ukungazikhathaleli izinto ezisetyenziswa ngoomatshini bokukhetha kuthintelwa. Ukungathembani kwamaqela nako kuyancipha.

Ukuphendula kolawulo

Isalathisi solawulo siqhubana nolawulo lwangaphakathi kumasebe karhulumente. Iqinisekisa ukuba oorhulumente balandela iinkqubo, basebenzise ubuncwane kakuhle, kwaye baphumeze iinjongo zolawulo.

  • ImiPhicotho-zincwadi yoMlawuli woLawulo oluPhathiswayo: amasebe oLawulo loLawulo angaphakathi aneeyunithi zophicotho-zincwadi ezihlola iintengiselwano zemali neenkqubo zokusebenza. I-ofisi yoMasipala kaRhulumente (GAO) ngumzekelo wequmrhu lophicotho-zincwadi lwemithetho elivavanya iinkqubo ze-orhulumente.
  • [[UMTHETHO: 0] Iinkqubo zolawulo lotshintsho: Izixhobo ezifana noMsebenzi woRhulumente neziphumo (GPRA) kuMthetho we-U.S. ifuna abameli ukumisela iinjongo, umlinganiselo weziphumo, kunye neziphumo zengxelo.
  • Imithetho yenkonzo yamakhaya echaza imilinganiselo yokuziphatha, ukungqubana kwemithetho yenzala, kunye neenkqubo zoqeqesho.
  • [[UMTL:0] Izilawuli zogcino: Iinkqubo ezibonisa ngokucacileyo ezifunekayo, ujongo lwesivumelwano, kunye neemilinganiselo ezichasene ne-fraud ukuqinisekisa ukuba imali kawonke-wonke isetyenziswa ngobulumko.

Ukuphendula kolawulo kungathotywa phantsi kukuxhathisa kwamagosa, ukungabi nabuchule, okanye ukungenelela kwezobupolitika ekuqesheni nasekunyuseni. Abahlaseli abakwiziko basoloko bejamelene nempindezelo phezu kwako nje ukukhusela okuzibiza ngokuba

Ukuphendula

Ukuphendula kwentlalo kunika abemi nebutho labantu amandla okulawula ngokungqalileyo nokuphembelela urhulumente.

  • [[NTL: 0] ICITIZEN Inqaku leencwadi kunye noManyano loLuntu: Izixhobo ezisetyenziswa ekunikezelweni kwenkonzo `njengekliniki yempilo okanye izikolo] apho abasebenzisi bafumana khona umyinge womsebenzi wesantya kwaye bachaza iingxaki. Ikhadi lengxelo yeSixeko" ukusondela koovulindlela eBangalore, eIndiya, iye yafunyaniswa emhlabeni wonke.
  • Ukuhlahlela Uqingqo-mali lwecandelo: Abami bagqiba ngqo indlela yokwabela inxalenye yemali kawonke-wonke, njengoko kuboniswe kwiPorto Alegre, eBrazil, apho ibisetyenziswa khona ukususela ngowe- 1989.
  • [[NKQUBO:0] ImiPhicotho-zincwadi yoLuntu: iindlebe zikawonke-wonke apho amagosa anikela ii-akhawunti kunye nabemi babuza ukungangqinelani. UMthetho we-Indiya we-National Proclations Confincictal Act (NREGA) ugunyazisa uphicotho-zincwadi lwentlalo yeeprojekthi zawo.
  • Imedia kunye nePlatform zobuxhakaxhaka: Ugcino-lwazi olunengeniso, ii-portals ezivulekileyo zogcino-lwazi (njenge-data yase-U.S.gov), kunye nee-apps ezihambayo ezichaza imingxuma okanye isinyobo ezifuna.

Ukuziphendulela ngokwentlalo kuhambela phambili kwiindawo ezihlala abantu, amajelo eendaba akhululekileyo, nokufunda kwamanani. Noko ke, inokusetyenziswa zizinto eziphezulu okanye ikhokelele kulawulo oluphezulu ngaphandle kwenkqubo efanelekileyo.

Ucacelo njengomncedisi wokuphendula

Ukucaca ngaphaya kobomi kungumsebenzi obalulekileyo wokuphendula. Xa ugcino-lwazi lukarhulumente, iinkqubo zokwenza izigqibo, kunye nokuchitha iingxelo kufumaneka ekuhleni, abemi kunye neenja ezijongileyo zingaqinisekisa oko kuthethwa, zifumane ii-anomalies, kunye neengcaciso ezifunwayo. Iizixhobo ezingundoqo zokubonisa ngokucacileyo ziquka:

  • Inkululeko yolwazi Imithetho: amazwe angaphezu kwe-120 amisele imithetho yeFOI, evumela abemi ukuba bacele iingxelo zikarhulumente. Inkululeko yolwazi ye-UK yoMthetho ka- 2000 nelungelo leIndiya kuMthetho woLwazi 2005 iye yatshintsha.
  • Imisebenzi evula uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali: I-International Bactergate internateship's Open Backel Survey Izifundo zendlela oorhulumente abasabelana ngayo ngokuphandle ngamaxwebhu oqingqo-mali. Amazwe afana ne-New Zealand noMzantsi Afrika akwisikhundla esiphezulu.
  • Izibhengezo ezicwangcisiweyo: Amazwe amaninzi afuna amagosa kawonke-wonke ukuba avakalise impahla yawo, amatyala, kunye nengeniso. Ngelixesha zisoloko zichaswa, izibhengezo ezinjalo zidala isiseko sokufumana ubutyebi obungekho mthethweni.
  • [[[FLT: 0] Irejista yeBeneficial Monitorship: Ukulwa nokuthuthwa kwemali, i-UK ne EU ngoku zifuna iinkampani ukuchaza abanikazi bazo bokwenyaniso. I-Tractiveency International[ abaxhasi bobukhazikhazi bemibutho yokulwa kwezi bhalisa emhlabeni wonke.

Ucelomngeni lokubona quka izinto ezifuna ukhuseleko lwesizwe, inkxalabo yezobuqu, kunye nokwahlulwa kwamanani. Ngaphezu koko, ukubonakala ngaphandle kobuchule bokuhlolisisa inkcazelo okanye ukunyanzelisa ukuphendula kusenokuba phucuka, isiganeko esibizwa ngokuba yi "transparency firefication"

Ukusoloko Ujamelene Nocelomngeni Lokuziphendulela

Naphezu kothotho lwemilinganiselo, abanoxanduva loorhulumente bazaliswe ziinzima. Imiqobo enzulu iquka:

  • [[NTL: 0] Ukusetyenziswa kwemali kunye nokubanjwa kweRhulumente: Xa izilangazelelo ezinamandla zingena ekwenzeni izigqibo, ubuchule bokuphendula bugqwetheka. IBhanki yehlabathi iGovernance kunye neZiko iingxelo ezibonisa indlela ukunganyaniseki okukonakalisa ngayo ukuthemba kunye nezibonelelo eziphambukisayo kwizinto zikawonke wonke.
  • Ithala lomnqweno wezobupolitika: Abaxhasi bangaxhathisa uphatho olomelezayo ukuba lusongela amandla abo. Ukungalungi kwamacandelo ophicotho-zincwadi okanye ii-ofisi ezithobayo ze-odomsman ziingqhinga eziqhelekileyo.
  • Ubeko lolwazi Uqikelelo loorhulumente: lusoloko lulawula ukuqukuqela kogcino-lwazi. Ngaphandle kokufikelela okuzimeleyo kulwazi oluthembekileyo, abemi abanako ukuqwalasela ngokunempumelelo ukusebenza.
  • Ukuzingisa kunye nokucinezelwa: Abavukeli, intatheli, kunye nabaxhasi bajongwe kwizisongelo, ukuhlaselwa ngokusemthethweni, okanye ugonyamelo kumazwe amaninzi. I Committee yokuKhusela iintatheli inikela ingxelo yamakhulu eentatheli ezivalelwe entolongweni okanye zibulawe ngenxa yomsebenzi wazo.
  • Umlinganiselo kunye nomlinganiselo: Oorhulumente bale mihla balawula ii-mnet ezininzi zemigaqo-nkqubo, izivumelwano, kunye namaqumrhu. Abahlali bangazama ukufumanisa ukuba ngubani obekek'ityala ngenkonzo engaphumeleliyo, ukukhupha ukuphendula.
  • Ububuthathaka obungokwesithethe: Kwezinye iindawo, iinkundla zixinzelelwe phantsi, zonakele, okanye zithotyelwe kumphathi ophetheyo, zinika ukuphendula okungancediyo ngokomthetho.

Ufundo lwetyala Olwandisiweyo

Imizekelo yehlabathi lokwenene ibonisa indlela ezi miqathango ezisebenza ngayo, eziphumelelayo okanye ezingaphumeleli ngayo kwimeko ezahlukeneyo.

Isifundo semeko 1: Umphicothi-zincwadi Jikelele waseKhanada njengomzekelo wokulawula okuzimeleyo

I-Ofisi yoMphicothi-zincwadi Jikelele waseKhanada (OAG) iqhuba umsebenzi kunye nophicotho-zincwadi lwemali lwamasebe kunye namasebe orhulumente. Inikela ingxelo ngqo kwiPalamente, hayi kurhulumente, iqinisekisa ukuzimela. Nyaka ngamnye, i-OAG ichaza ukungaphumeleli okubalulekileyo kolawulo lwenkqubo, ukusuka kwiinkonzo zobuzwe kukhuseleko lwemeko-bume. Ii-AG zayo zikhutshwa ekuhleni zize zivelise uphando lwezezosasazo-metafile. I-OAG ikwanikela ngqo kwi-"uphicolstings" ukuze ilandele enoba abameli balungela iingcebiso kumazwe aqhelekileyo. Noko ke, impembelelo ye-OAG ekugqibeleni ixhomekeke ekuzimiseleni komsebenzi wemithetho-mentervesithili, ukuphendula iintengo.

Isifundo setyala 2: Ulawulo lwezibuko elibonisa ngaphaya kweBrazil kunye nolawulo olunenxaxheba

I-Brazil yasungula i-Transparency Portal ngo-2004 phantsi koMongameli Lula, yenza ugcino-lwazi olufikeleleka ekuhleni kwi-intanethi. Abami bangafumana izivumelwano, ukudluliswa, kunye nemivuzo yabasebenzi basekuhlaleni. Badityaniswe nempucuko eqinileyo ye-Brazil yezenzo zoluntu. Ngexesha lezenzo ze-"Lava Jato" (Carsh Shash), ukuchaza nokufikelela kuwonke-wonke kunceda amawaka ezigidi ze-data ebhencwasi. Noko ke, ukuhlasela kwezobupolitika kunye nokuhlasela kwakutshanje kwe-athoric, kuquka ukuthomalalisa i-Puni ye-Puerroll (CGN).[2]

Uhlolisiso Lwezimo 3: Ukuvuthela Kweentaka EUnited States

I-United States inembali ende yomthetho wokufunxa impendulu, uqala ngo-1863 Amathenti Obuxoki, avumela abemi bobucala ukuba bamangalelwe ngenxa karhulumente. UMthetho weWhistlecupier Ukhuseleko lonyaka ka-1989 woMgaqo-nyaka wowama-2001 woMgaqo-nkqubo we-Entron. Noko ke, izithuba zisele. Abasebenzi abasebenza ngokubhekiselele kwiingxelo zolwazi bajongana nomthetho weEspionageon, njengoko kujongwe kwiimeko zikaEdwa kaEdward Snow neWearfest. Okwangoku, iDodd-Frank Act (2010) yabangela izisusa zemali zokufunxala impempethu ngetyala, ezilawulwa yi-umpempemperensi, ezilawulwa yi-Unitivelse-Es , kunye neKhomishini ye-Exchange (C). Ngaphandle kwalevicelm; iprojecty Projectsmental

Isifundo Sesi-4: Ukuthabatha Inxaxheba Kuqingqo - mali EPorto Alegre, eBrazil

Ukususela ngo-19, u-Porto Alegre wasungula inkqubo apho abemi be-Certia bagqiba ngqo indlela yokwabelana ngezixhobo zikamasipala. Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini, uqingqo-mali oludibeneyo (PB) lunciphisa ukunganyaniseki, ukuphuculwa kwezakhiwo kwimimandla engamahlwempu, kunye nonyuselo lokuthotyelwa kwerhafu. Umzekelo wanwenwela kwizixeko ezingaphezu kwe-1 500 ehlabathini lonke, kuquka iNew York, iParis, neSeoul. Noko ke, uphando lubonisa ukuba i-PB isebenza kakuhle xa idityaniswe nentlangano eqinileyo yezentlalo-ntle kunye nozikotholo lwezobupolitika. Kwezinye izixeko, i-PB ibinobugrogride okanye yabanjwa ngamaqela amaqela eengingqingqini. iZizwe Ezimanyeneyo[FLT] [1]] i-PB] njengesixhobo sokulawula ulawulo, kodwa i-occustocreancelse soqoqoshol.

Ukubuyiselwa kwamanani nokuphendula

Ubuxhakaxhaka buyekelela ukuphendula. Izixhobo zamanani zibangela ukuba kulandelelwe izenzo zikarhulumente zexesha elililo kwaye zivelise iindlela ezintsha zokuthabatha inxaxheba kubemi.

  • Oorhulumente abavulekileyo bogcino-lwazi olu-Platform: njengo-Estonia noMzantsi Korea bapapasha iiseti zedata ezikusetyenziso, umsebenzi, kunye ne-millimenti yemekobume. I-Open Government Partneship (OGP) esungulwe ngo-2011, ifumene amazwe angama-78 angamalungu azinikele ekucaceni.
  • Isigodo sokuTsalela iNdlela: Ezinye iindawo zokuzama ukuvala ibhanki ukushicilela uthengiso lukawonke-wonke, izenze zikhuseleke kwaye ziphicothelwe. Georgia isebenzisa iblokochain ukukhusela izihloko zomhlaba.
  • Ujongo olumiselweyo: IiApps ezifana [[[FTL:2]Cwiti e-Indonesia okanye Fix Mytreet kwi UK ivumela abemi ukuba baxele ukungaphumeleli komsebenzi, kunye neempendulo zikawonke-wonke zomkhondo karhulumente.
  • AI kunye nePredifidive Analytics:[ amasebe alwa nokunganyaniseki asebenzisa i-Al ukufumanisa ii-applications ekufumaneni ugcino-lwazi okanye izibhengezo zezixhobo zexabiso lemali. Noko ke, uqhaqho-magama kunye nenkxalabo zobumfihlo zifuna ulawulo olululo.

Kwakhona ukuphendula kwamanani kubeka ubomi babo ezingozini ekuyeni ukusetyenziswa kwabo bangangeni kwi-intanethi, yaye oorhulumente basenokusebenzisa ubugcisa ukuze babonise ukuba bayakwazi ukunikela ingqalelo kunokuba babonise ukuba bayazi.

Imisebenzi yesakhelo yehlabathi kunye nengqikelelo lwentelekelelo

Amaziko ehlabathi lonke aphuhlise imigaqo yokukhuthaza ukuphenduliswa kwemigaqo. INdibano yeZizwe Ezimanyeneyo echasene noHlabathi (UNCC), eqinisekiswe ngamazwe ali-189, ifuna abaququzeli ukuba bamkele amaqumrhu alwa nokunganyaniseki, bakhusele abavuli-mpeli, baqinisekise ukuba bacace ekufumaneni kwabo uwonke-wonke. Isivumelwano se-Afrikaan Union ekuthinteni nasekuthinteni nokuKhulula uHlukumo lobuqhetseka sinika isiseko esifanayo. IBHANGELE YAMANDLANGA ELI LEZWE [[FLTLT:1] ixhasa amazwe okwakha ukuphendula iimfanelo ngemali, uncedo lobugcisa, nokuveliswa kwezibonelelo lwezibonelelo lwe-RGOLISE-RGOD (WGI).

Umahluko wengingqi uphangalele. Amazwe ase-Nordic asoloko ekwisikhundla esiphezulu kakhulu njengesalathisi se-Transparency International Power Perceptions, ngenxa yobume bomthetho obuqinileyo, imithombo yezosasazo ezimeleyo, kunye nokuthembana okuphezulu kwentlalo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, amazwe amaninzi asezantsi kwe-Saharan Afrika nawaseMzantsi Asia alwa nokunganyaniseki kwenkqubo kunye nokugcinwa komthetho kunye nozalisekiso lokwenene lusaqhubeka lucelomngeni lwehlabathi lonke.

Ukwakha Inkqubo Enokuphendula

Akukho mlinganiselo mnye owaneleyo. Ukuziphendulela ngokunempumelelo kufuna ukuba kubekho indalo enemingxuma apho isebenza khona ukuze iqinise eminye. Umzekelo:

  • Ukuziphendulela ngokusemthethweni kuxhomekeke kukuthanda kwezobupolitika ukumisela abagwebi abazimeleyo.
  • Ukuze kuqinisekiswe abavoti, kufuneka kufuneke kucace ukuba kumele kujongwe ityala lezobupolitika.
  • Kufuneka uxanduva lolawulo lufuneke luziphendulele ngokwentlalo ukuxela ukungaphumeleli.
  • Ukuziphendulela kwabantu kuyaphumelela xa abavuli bengxolo befumana ukhuseleko olusemthethweni nenkululeko yamajelo eendaba.

Abahlali bakwadlala indima ebalulekileyo njenge "abavezi-boli" bobungqina bokuziphendulela ngokuhlala benolwazi, ukuba nenxaxheba ekubhexezeni, ekuvoteni, nasekuxhaseni imibutho yenja egadayo. Ngaphandle kokugada ibutho lasekuhlaleni, kwanezona ziko zilungileyo zimiselweyo zihlala zingancedi nto.

Isiphelo: Ukungabi Natyala Okunyamezeleyo

Imiqathango yokuphendula ayiyoyoyonto yobunewunewu; ibalulekile ukwenzela oorhulumente ukuba bancede uluntu ngokubanzi. Umthetho, ezopolitiko, ezolawulo, kunye neenkqubo zoluntu nganye zinegalelo kusukelo lomthwalo opheleleyo, ulawulo olunoxanduva, ukusabela. Ngoxa imingeni enjengenkohlakalo, ukugxabhagxabha kwezobupolitika, kunye nezibonelelo zemali, iintsalela ezikhoyo, izixhobo zamanani, kunye nentsebenziswano yomhlaba wonke zinikela iindlela ezintsha. Uluntu olunobudemokhrasi luxhomekeke kumgudu oqhubekayo wokomeleza la manyathelo, uqinisekisa ukuba amandla avavanywa kwaye amanani abantu avavanywa. Njengoko kuhlola okuvela eKhanada, eBrazil, eUnited States, nasePorto Alegree zibonisa ukuba ukuphendula komsebenzi wokwenza ityala akuyo inkqubo yokugqibela kodwa idinga ukulinda, ukuthabatha inxaxheba, nokuzibophelela kuwo onke amatyala.