Imfuneko Ekhulayo Yokuhlaziya Amanzi

Ukufikelela kumanzi acocekileyo kunye nolawulo oluthembekileyo lwenkunkuma kusimbombo sobomi boluntu, imveliso yezoqoqosho, kunye nozinzo lwemekobume. Ukutyhubela umhlaba, imibhobho yonyango eyaluphalayo, izityalo, kunye neenkqubo zokusasaza izinto kufuneka kunyuswe ngokukhawuleza. Kwangaxeshanye, ukwanda kwabemi, ukwakhiwa kwedolophu, kunye neendawo zemozulu ezingalawulekiyo kunye nezikhukula zibeka uxinezeleko olungenakuthelekiswa nanto kwimithombo yamanzi. Lo msantsa phakathi kwemali efunekayo kunye nemali ekhoyo unyusiwe ngokuphawulekayo, ngeBhanki elinganisela ukuba izakhiwo zamanzi zomhlaba zifuna malunga nezigidi eziziizigidi eziziizigidi ezingama-R3 ngonyaka ukufikelela kwizisulu ezizinzileyo zoPhuhliso loPhuhliso. Imithombo yengqekelelwa-mali efana noqingqo-mali, isoloko ikhupha inzala eninzi kwinkozo yoluntu, kunye nomdla kuncedo oluphezulu lwexabiso loluntu.

Imali entsha esetyenziswayo ayisosithintelo nje semali encinane yoqingqo-mali lukawonke-wonke. Eli nqaku limela utshintsho kwindlela iprojekthi zezibonelelo ezicwangcisiweyo, ezilinganiswa ngayo, kunye nezinikezelwa ngayo. Ngokubandakanya abanikeli-mali, ubuchule bokusetyenziswa kwemali, kunye nokubopha iimali ezibuyiselayo kwiziphumo ezinokusetyenziswa, ezi zimodyuli zingaqhuba ubuchule kunye nokuphuculwa kwendlela esetyenziswayo kwicandelo lamanzi. Eli nqaku lihlola ezinye zeendlela ezithembisayo, ukusuka kumanyano lwasekuhlaleni lwasekuhlaleni kunye nezibonda eziluhlaza kwimali kunye nezixhobo ezisekelwe ekusebenzeni, kunye nendlela yokuvavanyanisa indlela abanokunceda ngayo ukuvala umsantsalo woshishino ngexesha loshishino olunelo oluneyo lolwayo lolwakhiwo oluzinziweyo oluzinziweyo nolunamandla.

Ukubopha Nokungakwazi Kwawo Ukufikelela Kwizinto Eziqhelekileyo

Ngokwembali, iinkqubo zezibonelelo zamanzi zixhaswe ngokuyintloko ngoqingqo-mali lukarhulumente, iimfanelo jikelele, kunye nemali-mboleko evela kumaqumrhu enkcubeko. Iimali ezihlawulwayo zemali zikwadlala indima, ngokufuthi zigquma iindleko zokusebenza nokuzigcina ezinokukwazi ukuphuculwa kobukhulu. Ngoxa le mithombo ixhasa inkqubela ebalulekileyo, iza neengxaki zemfuzazo.

Uqingqo-mali lukawonke wonke luxhomekeke kwizinto eziphambili ezifana nemfundo, unyango, kunye nokhuseleko. Ngexesha lokudodobala kwezoqoqosho, ukuxhaswa kwemali yesiseko kusoloko kuphakathi kwemimandla yokuqala enqunyulwa. Iimfanelo jikelele zifuna imvume yabavoti kwimimandla emininzi, inkqubo enokuthi igqume ngezobupolitika kunye nokungaphelelwa kwexesha. Ukubotshwa kweebhanki eziphuhlisayo, ngoxa zibalulekile, zibandakanya imilinganiselo engqongqo yokunganyaniseki kunye nezixhobo ezithelekelelwa ixesha elide. Ngaphezu koko, izikhutha zezixhobo ezininzi zamanzi ziyathanda ukunyusa imigangatho kwimigangatho efuna intloko, ukoyika ukuvala umva wezopolitiki okanye iziphumo ezincinci kwizindlu ezifumana imali ephantsi.

Ezi zithintelo zisoloko ziphumela ekubekeni ugcino, ukubekwa phantsi komthamo omtsha, kunye nokuxhomekeka kwinkqubo yokwaluphala evuzayo, ikhephu, okanye engoyiswayo. Uluntu lwaseMelika lwe-Dominic Enginegers luye lwanika imiqathango ephantsi kwisakhiwo samanzi, kunye nengxelo yemali yemali engama-2021 enika amakhadi okusela amanzi C kunye namanzi amdaka a-D+. Le mizekelo iyaphinda iphinda kumazwe amaninzi, ibonakalisa ucelomngeni lwendlela yokuxhasa inkqubo efuna izicombululo, hayi ukongezelela uqingqo-mali.

Uxanduva lonxibelelwano loluntu (PPP): Ukwabelana ngengozi

Umanyano lwamaqumrhu oluntu ludibanisa amasebe karhulumente kunye neenkampani zamacandelo azimeleyo ukuze ziyile, zakhe, zixhase, zisebenze, okanye zigcine izibonelelo zamanzi. IiPPP zingathatha iindlela ezininzi, ukusuka kwizivumelwano zokwakha izivumelwano zokwakha ezihambelana nexesha elide apho iqumrhu labucala lizimisela uxanduva lwenkqubo yonke. Iimpawu ezingundoqo kukusabelana, ukuhlawula intlawulo esekelwe kwimisebenzi, nokugxininisa kwiindleko zokwakha ezisezindleko zobomi kunokuba kunyuse iindleko zokwakha.

Indlela IPPP Esetyenziswa Ngayo

Kwi-PPP eqhelekileyo, isibonelelo sikawonke-wonke sigcina ubumnini bezixhobo zempahla kwaye simisela imigangatho yomsebenzi, ngeli lixa iqabane lobuqu lisingatha ulwakhiwo, umsebenzi, kunye nokulungisa. Iqabane lobuqu lifumana kwakhona utyalo lwalo ngemali yomsebenzisi, intlawulo yokufumaneka korhulumente, okanye ukudityaniswa kwazo zombini. Ezi zintlawulo zilungelelaniswe nokusebenza okufana nomgangatho wamanzi, uxinzelelo, ukukhutshwa kwemali, nolwaneliseko lwabathengi.

Umzekelo owaziwayo ngumanyano phakathi kwesixeko saseCharleston, eWest Virginia, naseVeolia kumNtla Merika, olwayitshintsha inkqubo yonyango lwamanzi emva kokuchitheka kwemichiza yonyaka ka-2014. Umsebenzisi wabucala wazisa ubuchule kunye nenkqubo yokusebenza eyaphucula ukuthobelana kolawulo kunye nokuncitshiswa kwamanzi. Kwenye imeko, isixeko saseRialto, eCalifornia, sangena kwisivumelwano seminyaka engama-30 ne-consicium yabucala, ikhusela inkxaso-mali yenkqubo engundoqo yolungiso lomgangatho ozinzileyo.

Iingenelo Eziyintloko Nolwazelelelo

IiPPP zinganyusa ixesha leprojekthi ngokudibanisa iindlela zokufumana amacandelo azimeleyo kunye nolawulo lwamacandelo oluntu. Zisoloko zinciphisa ixabiso lokuphumelela kuba amaqabane azimeleyo athwala inxalenye yomngcipheko wemali. Ngaphezu koko, iiPPPs zingazisa utshintsho kubugcisa bonyango, ukufunyanwa okuvuzayo, nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi okusenokungabi nako phantsi kolawulo lukawonke-wonke.

Noko ke, iiPPP asisisombululo esinye esingumlinganiselo wesisombululo. Zifuna umgaqo onamandla wokulungisa, iinkqubo zokongeza ezikhanyayo, kunye nomthamo wokuhlola onamandla. Abagxeki babonisa iimeko apho abasebenzisi bobuqu baye bafumana imali eninzi, banqumla iimbombo kugcino, okanye abalwayo utyalo-mali olwalusemdlakweni kawonke-wonke kodwa olungenangenelo ngoko nangoko. Impumelelo yePPPPP ixhomekeke kubuchule bokulungisa, ukujonga okuzimeleyo, kunye nezipho ezigunyaziweyo ezikhusela iinjongo zikawonke-wonke. Xa ziveliswe kakuhle, ziyakwazi ukukhuthaza intloko-nkulu ezimeleyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo loxa ziqinisekisa ukuphendula nokulunga komsebenzi.

Imali ekwindawo engqongileyo

Amaqhina aluhlaza anikwe ngokukhethekileyo izixhobo zokunyusa ikomkhulu lemisebenzi eneengenelo zokusingqongileyo. Iiprojekthi zezibonelelo zamanzi, ingakumbi ezo zijoliswe ekunyanzelweni konyango lwamanzi amdaka, ekulawulwani kwamanzi aqhwithela, ukuphumelela kwamanzi, nokubuyiselwa kwezinto eziphilayo, ziye zaba yinxalenye ekhulayo yemakethe eluhlaza. Iziphumo zikhutshwa ngelinge elifanelekileyo lenkcitho eluhlaza, kwaye abacebisi banika ukubonakala okungeziphumo zokuxela izakhiwo.

Ukwanda Kwabathengisi Nemfuneko Yomkhokeli

Intengiso eluhlaza yomhlaba wonke ithe yanda ngokukhawuleza, i-intelligence ingaphezulu ngezigidi ezingamawaka asibhozo anamashumi amahlanu anesibini eebhiliyoni ngonyaka, ngokwe-2022, ngokwe-Climate Bonds Initive. Imisebenzi enxulumene namanzi ityala lolwandiso olukhulayo, ingakumbi eYurophu, naseMntla Merika, kunye namalungu e-Asia. Abarhwebi beengingqi abaphezulu abasebenza njengemali yomhlala-phantsi kunye neenkampani ze-inshorensi baye babonisa imfuneko enamandla yokufumana uhlalo oluluhlaza kuba banika iimbuyekezo ezizinzileyo ezizinzileyo ngelixa bexhasa iinjongo zokusingqongileyo.

Ngokomzekelo, iKomishoni yeSan Francisco Public Utilities yakhupha umanyano oluluhlaza lwezigidi ezingama-R240 ngonyaka wama-2019 ukuze ixhase ukuhlaziywa kwenkqubo yayo yonyango lwamanzi amdaka, kuquka ukuhlaziywa kombane nokuthintelwa kolwandle. Isivumelwano satsala abatyali bemali ekusebenzeni kokusingqongileyo kwaye sanikwa imvume engaphezulu, nto leyo evumela ukuba eli zibonelelo lifumane inzala elungileyo. Ngokufanayo, iEuropean Investicementment Bank ixhasa iprojectsssssss ezininzi ngoluvo oluluhlaza, ixhasa ukubuyiselwa komlambo kunye nokuguquguquka kwemozulu.

Ukuqinisekisa nokulungisa

Ukuphepha ukuhlanjwa okuluhlaza, amaqhina anokuthenjwa anamathela kwimigangatho enjenge Green Bond Principles okanye iClimate Bonds Standard. Ezi zicwangciso zifuna abacebisi ukuba bachaze imigaqo yokusebenza kweprojekthi, balawule ngokucace gca, kwaye banikele ingxelo ngeziphumo zemeko- bume. Abanikazi basoloko behlola ezi zinto, kwaye imisebenzi engqinelanayo enokuthi ifikelele kwikomkhulu ngexabiso eliphantsi. Kwimisebenzi yamanzi, isiqinisekiso sinika isiqinisekiso sokuba imali ibhekiswe kwimisebenzi efana nokunciphisa ungcoliseko lwamanzi, ukuphucula ubuchule, okanye ukuphucula imozulu.

Imali yamanzi nokuveliswa kwemingeni

Imali yamanzi zizithuthi ezincedisana ngenkxaso yemali ezibonelelwa ngezixhobo eziphuma kubanikeli-mali abaninzi, abanikeli-mali, nabagcini-mali, ukuze baxhase imisebenzi ephucula impilo, ubulunga bamanzi, kunye nokuthembeka. Le mali idla ngokusebenza kumanzi asetyenziswayo, ulondolozo lwemali, ukubuyiselwa komhlaba, kunye nezenzo zokulima ezixhasweyo ezinceda abasebenzisi bamanzi abahamba emanzini.

Imodeli Yemali Esebenzayo

INature Conservancy ibingunobangela wokuseka imali yamanzi, nemizekelo ephawulekayo eQuito, e-Ecuador, nase Nairobi, eKenya. E-Quito, i-Fona para la Protección del Agua (FANAG) iqokelela iminikelo evela kwisixhobo samanzi kamasipala, inkampani yesiselo, kunye nenkampani yemali yepetroli. Le mali yemali ihlawulela ukukhusela amahlathi kunye nolawulo loshenxiso. Inkqubo ithoba ukukhucutha kwemithiso edayo, kwaye ikhusela ubunjani bamanzi kwizigidi zabemi. ENairobi, iUpta-Nairi Fund yokulondoloza i-Manzi eMfuleni ixhasa ulawulo lwelizwe olulondoloze ulungiso lwezinzongo, inceda ukunikezelwa kwamanzi ngexa kuhlalo lwezi lwesixeko.

I-Global Impact Investiceing Network iqikelela ukuba iprojects zesiphumo sokwenza ushishino lwemali, ushishino lwezemali, kunye nabaphathi beempahla zobucala, zinika ikomkhulu lemali ejoliswe emanzini ejolise ekufumaneni iziphumo zemali kunye neziphumo zemeko-bume.

Isalathisi somsebenzi wePhondo

Amaqhina achaphazela intlalo, aziwa njengentlawulo-yorhwebo yezivumelwano, idibanisa ukuphumelela kwemali kwiziphumo ezichaziweyo zentlalo. Kwizibonelelo zamanzi, le mizekelo isetyenziselwa imisebenzi apho kunzima ukuxhasa, njengokucutha izifo zamanzi, ukuphucula ukufikelela kogubo lwendleko, okanye ukubuyisela ixhaphozi. Abangenisi banikezela ngekomkhulu elingaphambili, kunye nelungu leqela leqela likawonke-wonke okanye i-philothropic lizihlawula kuphela ukuba iproject ifikelele iziphumo zalo.

Iinkqubo zekhompyutha

Qwalasela inkqubo yokufaka izihluzi zamanzi zasekhaya kunye neendawo zokucoca kummandla wasemaphandleni apho isifo sorhudo sixhaphakile khona. Iziphumo zemali edityanisiweyo kwinkqubo, kunye nesebe likarhulumente liyavuma ukuhlawula ngokusekelwe ekuncitshisweni kwamanani aqinisekisiweyo ezifo. Ukuba kufikelelwa, umgcini-mali ufumana imbuyekezo. Ukuba akunjalo, umgcini-mali ufumana ilahleko. Le nkqubo idlulisela ingozi kubomi kumntu ohlawulela inzala kunye nabacebisi abanozikhuseli abanamandla abanozinzi abanobuchule bokuqinisekisa ukuba ukungenelela kuyasebenza ngokunempumelelo.

Imodeli yempumelelo yamanzi iye yasetyenziswa kwimisebenzi yamanzi kumazwe amaninzi. EKhambodiya, impembelelo yoluntu ixhasa inkqubo yonyango lwamanzi kunye nococeko kwiidolophana zasemaphandle, kunye nentlawulo enxulumene nokuncitshiswa kohudo lobuntwana. EUnited States, i-Entevition Protection Agency ihlole ukuhlawulwa kwezivumelwano zokuxhasa izibonelelo zamanzi aluhlaza, apho abanikazi baxhasa iimbadi zemvula kunye neendongalo ezithengwayo, kwaye isixeko sizihlawula ngokuncitshiswa kwemibhobhobho yolwandle kwaye ziphepha iindleko zokuphuphuma.

Imali edityanisiweyo: Ikomkhulu lemali eliyintengiselwano kunye nomngcipheko

Imali edityanisiweyo ibhekisele ekusetyenzisweni kweqonga eliqeqeshiweyo, izibonelelo, okanye iziqinisekiso ezivela kuncedo lwemali okanye kuphuhliso lwabadlali ukutsala utyalo-mali lwabucala kwimisebenzi ebeya kujongwa njengeyingozi kakhulu okanye njengebuyiseli phantsi. Kwizibonelelo zamanzi, izakhiwo ezidityanisiweyo zingade-risk kuveliswa ungeniso lwangaphambili, ziphucula iiprojekthi zokutyala, kunye neendleko zemali eziphantsi.

Izakhiwo ezixutyiweyo eziqhelekileyo

Enye indlela kukuqinisekisa, apho umnikeli okanye ibhanki yophuhliso ifunxa inxalenye yokuqala yelahleko kwimali ebolekiweyo. Oku kunciphisa umngcipheko kubaboleki bobucala kwaye kubavumela ukuba banikele amanyathelo angcono. Esinye isakhiwo sibandakanya iimali-mboleko ezivumelekayo kwimali yomza edityanisiweyo edityaniswe nemali-mboleko yezorhwebo, ehlisa iindleko zonke zekomkhulu. Inkxaso yobugcisa, isoloko inikezelwe ecaleni kwekomkhulu, ingaxhasa izifundo zokukholeka, ukwakhiwa komsebenzi, kunye nokulungiselela iprojekthi, ukwenza imisebenzi yamanzi ibhanki.

I-Agency yeNkcubeko yezizwe ngezizwe, i-World Bank’s Indaw Irhweba lehlabathi, kunye neebhanki zophuhliso lwengingqi zisebenzise imali edityanisiweyo kwimisebenzi yamanzi. Umzekelo, eIndiya, isibonelelo esidityanisiweyo sixhasa uthungelwano lwamanzi oluntu, kunye nabavezi-mali babucala abanikela ngamacala asecaleni kwemvume evela ku-USAID ukugquma iindleko zokuqala zokusebenza. Isiphumo sakhutshwa ukufikelela emanzini acocekileyo ngexabiso eliphantsi kunokuba bekunokwenzeka ngemali yentengiso yorhwebo kuphela.

Inkxaso-mali esekelwe kwingeniso kunye neeNdlela zokuSebenza zikaMasipala

Asizizo zonke inkxaso-mali etsha efuna umlinganiso omkhulu wobucala wokuthabatha inxaxheba. Izixhobo zezemali ezisekelwe kwingeniso, ezifana namaqhina engeniso kunye neenkqubo zempahla ezicocekileyo (PACE) ezilungiselelwe amanzi, zivumela izixhobo ezisebenzisa amanzi kunye nabaninizo ukuba baxhase ubuchule bamanzi kunye nenkqubo yokuphuculwa ngobuchule bokuhlawula obubotshelelwe kwiinzuzo.

Amaqhina engeniso, ahlawulwa kumsinga othile wengeniso njengemirhumo yamanzi asetyenziswa ngumasipala. Xa isibonelelo esingaphantsi sineziseko ezizinzileyo zomthengi nolawulo lwezemali, la maqhina anganika inzala yokhuphiswano kunye nereyithisi yetyala elinamandla. Ezinye izingenisi zidibanise imilinganiselo eluhlaza kwiminxeba yazo yengeniso, ziqinisekisa ukuba imali iya kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi okanye iphucule ubuchule bonyango.

Iinkqubo ze-PACE ezicacileyo zamanzi zivumela abanini-mpahla ukuba baxhase inkqubela-phambili yempahla esezantsi, iinkqubo zamanzi angwevu, okanye ukukhutshwa kwemibhobho yamanzi ngenxa yohlolo kwimali yerhafu yempahla yabo. Imbopheleleko yokuhlawula ihlala nepropati, inciphisa umngcipheko kubaboleki kunye nenzala encitshisiweyo yababoleki. Iinkqubo zesikhokelo eCalifornia, eFlorida, nase Texas zibonise ukuba abanini bempahla bakulungele ukutyala amanzi xa iindleko zemali zilawulwa kwaye zihlawulwa zisebenza.

Ukunanditshwa Kwemali Nentabalala Yamanani

Ukunyuka kwamaqonga amanani kuvelise iindlela ezintsha zokubonelela ngeminikelo emincinane evela kwinani elikhulu labantu okanye kumaqumrhu. Ukumiliselwa kwemisebenzi yamanzi kusetyenziselwa ukuqokelela imithombo, iinkqubo zemibhobho, kunye nezihluzi zamanzi kuluntu olungaphantsi. Iplatform ezifana ne GlobalGiving nePakewiew idibanisa abanikeli kwimisebenzi ethile, isoloko inika ukuvela okucacileyo ngohlaziyo nangempembelelo yexesha lokwenene.

Kutshanje, imiqondiso ebolekisa oontanga kunye neblokochain iye yahlolwa njengendlela yokuxhasa izibonelelo zamanzi kwizoqoqosho olusakhulayo. Nangona ezi ndlela zisekho, zinika amathuba okuba abenoluntu kunye nemali elungele ukusetyenziswa, ingakumbi kwimisebenzi emincinane engakhange itsale abanikeli bequmrhu. Amaqonga amanani anokunciphisa iindlekozo zentengo aze avumele ukuthabatha inxaxheba ngqo kubantu abafuna ukhuseleko lwamanzi.

Iingenelo Ezithelekisayo Zemodeli Ezintsha

Imodeli nganye izisa iingenelo ezahlukileyo. Ii-PPP zinika utshintsho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwimisebenzi emikhulu, engundoqo. Amaqhina aluhlaza anikezela ukufikelela kwiimarike ezinzulu zekomkhulu ezineemeko-bume ezilungele ukudityaniswa. Imali yamanzi kunye nesiphumo sokuxhasa ugcino-lwazi lweziqhagamshelanisi kulondolozo kunye nemvelaphi yokhuseleko lwezibonelelo ezinxulumeneyo kwimimandla kunye nemeko-bume. Impembelelo yentlalo-ntle ibuyisela iziphumo ezizizo, zizenza zifaneleke kwimisebenzi apho iziphumo zingundoqo.

Umahluko wendlela zokukhetha uvumela abaxhasi beprojekthi ukuba balungise izakhiwo zemali kwiimpawu ezithile zeprojekthi yabo, kuquka isikali, umngcipheko, imbonakalo yolawulo, kunye nezinto eziphambili ezifakelweyo. Akukho mzekelo umnye usebenza jikelele, kwaye imisebenzi emininzi ephumelelayo idibanisa iziqalelo kwiindlela ezininzi. Umzekelo, isibonelelo esikhulu esisetyenziswa kwakhona samanzi singasebenzisa iPPPP ukuze siyile kwaye sakhe, amaqhina aluhlaza kwikomkhulu lexesha elide, kunye neso sinikezelo oludityanisiweyo ukwenzela uphando oluqhelekileyo.

Ubuchule bokusebenzisa ubuchule

Ukusebenzisa inkxaso-mali esunguliweyo kufuna ucwangciso olucokisekileyo kunye nokulungiselela ulungiselelo lweprojekthi. Ucwangciso lweprojekthi lubalulekile, kuquka uhlolo olunamandla olunokufezekisa imekobume kunye neenkcazo zentlalo, kunye nemigangatho ecacileyo yokwenza umsebenzi. Izicwangciso ezisemthethweni nezilawulayo kufuneka zixhase amalungiselelo anxulumeneyo ePPPP kunye nokudityaniswa. Amasebe oluntu asenokufuna ukwakha ubuchule ekuhlalutyeni imali, ukushwa kwesivumelwano, kunye nokujongwa komsebenzi.

Ukuganana kwabaxhasi kubaluleke ngokufanayo. Abaxhasi bemali, imibutho yoluntu, kunye namaqela okusingqongileyo kufuneka babe namathuba okubonelela ngegalelo kunye neeprojekthi zokuphendula. Ukubonisa ngaphaya kwemali kunye nogcino-lwazi lomsebenzi kwakha ukuthembana kwaye kunciphisa ubungozi bempikiswano. Kwiimeko apho imisebenzi ibandakanya abasebenzi abazimeleyo okanye abanikeli, ukukhutshwa kwengxubusho ecacileyo, ubuchule bokucombulula ingxubusho esesikweni, kunye nokukhuselwa kwabantu abachanabekayo kuyimfuneko.

Ukwabiwa komngcipheko kumele kulungelelaniswe kakuhle. Ukwethunyelelwa komngcipheko omkhulu kakhulu kumaqabane azimeleyo kungakhokelela kwiindleko eziphezulu okanye ekungafuniyo ukubhatala, ngeli xesha ukulondoloza umngcipheko ogqithisileyo kungenza buthathaka ubunzuzo bemali esetyenziswa ngokuchasene nenye inkxaso-mali. Uhlolo olucwangcisiweyo olubandakanya ubuchule, imali, ulawulo, kunye nezinto zezobupolitika lunceda kufumaneke ukuba icandelo lolwakhiwo luzahluleke kakuhle, ngelinye ixesha umngcipheko wokusetyenziswa kwamanzi, ngoxa ukunyanzeleka komngcipheko (njengotshintsho olusetyenziswa ngamanzi) usenokuba nolwahlulo okanye ugcinwe kwicala likawonke wonke.

Iziphumo zeprojekthi kufuneka zijongwe nxamnye nezalathisi zokusebenza kusetyenziswa ugcino-lwazi oluthembekileyo. Izimvo zamanani, iimitha ezibhliweyo, kunye neenkqubo zokuhlola ezikude zinganika ulwazi lokwenene olukuhambo lwamanzi, ubunjani, kunye nomsebenzi wenkqubo. Ezi zixhobo zinyusa uxanduva kwaye zivumela ulawulo lolungelelaniso, zivumele izenzo zokulungisa zithatyathwe ngokukhawuleza xa amaxhoba engadityaniswanga.

Ukukhangela Phambili: Umlinganiselo Nokukhula Okuyintloko

Isithuba senkxaso-mali yamanzi asizukuvalwa yiyo nayiphi na into esunguliweyo. Endaweni yoko, indlela edibanisa imithombo emininzi yenkxaso-mali, izixhobo zolawulo lomngcipheko, kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lomntu ofaka igalelo inika eyona ndlela isebenzayo phambili. Abenzi bomthetho bangakhuthaza ukuthatha ngokuseka imeko-bume yokuxhasa inkxaso, ukunikezela ngophuhliso lwemali, nokuxhasa iinkqubo zoncedo lobugcisa ezinceda abaphuhlisi bemibutho yeencwadi ezintsonkothileyo.

Amanyathelo azwenibanzi anjengemali eHlanganyekileyo eManzi neNkqubo yoLawulo lwamanzi e-OECD anika ulwakhiwo kunye nezibonelelo zamazwe afuna ukwandisa ukhetho lwemali. Kumgangatho wesizwe, oorhulumente bangenza imilinganiselo yokudibanisa amaqhina aluhlaza adityaniswe namanzi, bamise amaqela ePPP kunye nobuchule kwimisebenzi yamanzi, kwaye banikele kwimibutho yokulungisa iprojekthi enciphisa ixabiso lezicelo ezinokunyuka ezibhankiweyo.

Ubuxhakaxhaka buza kudlala indima ephambili. Inkqubela ekunyangweni kwamanzi, efana nokudityaniswa kwenwebu, ukukhutshwa kwenwebu, nokusetyenziswa kwakhona, yenza amathuba amatsha emisebenzi exabiso elifunekayo ebhenela kubanikazi. Ugcino-lwazi kunye nobuchule bokwenziwa kolwazi lunganceda ekuphuculeni imisebenzi, ukunciphisa amandla, nokuxela kwangaphambili iimfuno zokugcinwa, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwemali iinkqubo zamanzi kwaye uzenze zibe nomtsalane ngakumbi kwikomkhulu labucala.

Ekugqibeleni, ukutshintshelwa kwisiseko samanzi ahlala ekhona, anamandla axhomekeke ekuvumeni koorhulumente, abasebenzi bezixhobo eziluncedo, abatyali bemali, kunye nabantu bombutho ukuba bathathe imodeli ephuculayo engaphaya kwesiqhelo soshishino. Ngokudibanisa izixhobo zemali nobunjineli besandi, ulawulo oluqikelelwayo, kunye nolujongana nexesha elide, kunokwenzeka ukuvala umsantsa wotyalo-mali nokukhusela iinkonzo zamanzi ezithembekileyo zezizukulwana ezizayo. Imizekelo echazwe kweli nqaku imela isixhobo esikhulayo esinokulungiselwa nokulinganiswa neso ukuze sihlangabezane neemfuno ezithile zoluntu ehlabathini lonke.

Ukufunda ngokubhekele phaya kokuphumeza okusebenzisekayo, bona ubuncwane obusuka Global Infrapublicre Hub, iSikhokelo sokwakha uLawulo [ (necandelo elikwenye inkxaso-mali), kunye iBhanki yehlabathi yobuchule kwiphepha lemali [.