Table of Contents
Isifo seCovid-19 sanikela uvavanyo olungenakulinganiswa lolawulo lwasezidolophini kulo lonke uBukhosi baseUnited Kingdom, sifuna ukuba abalawuli bakhawulezileyo, bagqibele, yaye basoloko besenza izinto ezingazange zibonwe ngaphambili. Njengoko intsholongwane isasazeka, oomatiloshe bafumana isebenza ngokuguqulela imiyalelo yesizwe kwindalo yasekuhlaleni ngexesha bethetha ngeemfuno ezahlukeneyo zabantu abahlala kulo. Amava alo magrain ahlala edolophu (ukusukela kwidolophu encinane ukuya kwinkokeli ezincinci zesixeko) inikela ithala elinolwazi oluninzi lokusingatha iingxaki zempilo kawonke kwixesha elizayo. Ngelixa kungekho nyathelo linye lingqineke lifezekileyo, imigudu yokuqhuba izixeko ngeentambo, ukuphazamisa kwezoqoqosho, ukunyuka kwemiqatha yemeko-odolokhwe.
Indima Ekhulayo Yeemeya Ngexesha Lepandemic
Phambi kwesifo esingubhubhani, indima yoomatiloshe be-UK yahluka-hluka ngokubanzi, abanye bephethe amandla abalulekileyo olawulo kunye nabanye abasebenza imisebenzi efana naleyo. Noko ke, ukufika kukaCovid-19 kwanyanzela ulwandiso olukhawulezileyo noluphawulekayo lwemisebenzi yabo, ukonakalisa imida yesithethe phakathi kombindi nolawulo lwasekuhlaleni. AmaMeya kwafuneka abe ngabanxibelelanisi bengxaki, abaquququzeleli bemicimbi yolawulo, kunye namaqhawe-ukulwa kwebutho (_oodla ngokufuthi ngexesha kunye noovimba abalinganiselwe.)
Intshukumo etshintshayo
Enye yezona misebenzi zibalulekileyo ezazicingelwa ukuba yayikukuququzelela iimpendulo ezininzi. Kwizixeko ezininzi, oosodolophu babephethe amaqela okucwangcisa amaqumrhu angxamiseneyo ahlanganisene nabaphathi-mikhosi be-NHS, amapolisa, nemibutho yokuzithandela. Eli gunya lokuhlanganisa lavumela ukwenza izigqibo ngokukhawuleza kunye nezenzo ezicalula ngakumbi zasekuhlaleni. Umzekelo, uMbhongi wase-London wasungula intlanganiso yeveki neveki yempendulo ye-Covid-19 kunye neenkokeli ze-NHS, amagosa ezempilo, kunye namagosa ezothutho ukuze ahlanganise imigudu enqamleza ikomkhulu.
Ukukhupha imiyalelo esemgangathweni kunye neemfuno zasekuhlaleni
Abathathi-nxaxheba babesoloko besebenza njengemida phakathi korhulumente osembindini kunye noluntu lwabo, betolika imigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe yemeko yasekuhlaleni kunye nokukhuthaza iimfuno ezithile zengingqi. Oku kwakunzima ngokukodwa xa imigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe ingabalulekanga ngokwezahluka-hluka-hlukeneyo zasekuhlaleni kumlinganiselo wokwasulelwa, izakhiwo zezoqoqosho, okanye izakhiwo zamanani abantu. Abameli abanempumelelo baphumelela ngokugcina imigca evulekileyo yonxibelelwano noWhitehall ngoxa bebonisa ngokucacileyo ngeendlela ezimeleyo ezisemva kwesigqibo sasekuhlaleni.
Ukuxhathisa kwezoqoqosho neNtlalo
Ngapha koko, oomatiloshe badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni ukukhuselwa kwemeko yezoqoqosho. Basungula izicwangciso zokuxhasa ushishino lwasekuhlaleni, iziphiwo ezikhawulezayo zomzingeli-mali, kunye nokusungula iinkqubo zokuzigcina zingekasebenzi. Ngohlobo olunye, babethetha ngeemfuno zoluntu ngokudibanisa ukusasazwa kokudla kwamaqela abuthathaka, ukuxhasa amanyathelo ezempilo yengqondo, nokuqinisekisa ukuba abekhusela abantu bafumana uncedo oluyimfuneko. Oku kujolise ekuphuculweni kwezoqoqosho nokhuseleko lwentlalo lwaba luphawu lokhokelo olusebenzayo kumphathi-dolophu.
Uhlolisiso Lwemeko: Indlela Izixeko ZaseUK Ezasabela Ngayo
Ukuhlolisisa indlela eziye zaphendulwa ngayo izibonda zelizwe zalapho, izinto ezazikho kunye nolwalamano lwezopolitiko.
ILondon: Ikomkhulu Elilungelelanisiweyo
Phantsi kweMayor Sadiq Khan, iLondon yamkela indlela elungelelanisiweyo elungelelanisiweyo yoncedo lwengqondo ekhoyo yesixeko. Iofisi kaMayor yasungula i-"London" iphulo lokukhuthaza ukhokelo lwempilo kawonke-wonke, lokunika izidlo zesikolo zamahhala kubantwana abangamawaka ngexesha lokuvalwa kwesikolo, kwaye yaseka imali kaxakeko yemali ka iram- ($1 miliyoni yemali yenkonzo yezempilo yengqondo. Khan wasebenza ngokusondeleleneyo ngethutho lokuya eLondon (TfL) ukunyusa imigaqo yokucoca izithuthi zikawonke-wonke nokunyanzelisa iimfuno ezifihlakeleyo. Ngaphandle kokungavumelani kwezobupolitika norhulumente yesizwe ekuxhasweni kweTfL, uMyezo obalaseleyo wakwaziyo ukuxhasa iinkonzo eziyimfuneko zokubhayiseka nokuhamba kwebhayisekile ezikhawulezayo ukuxhasa i-tranki.
IManchester: Ukunikela Ingqalelo Ekuchacheni Kwezoqoqosho
UMyor Andor Burnham wathatha indlela eyahlukileyo eGreater Manchester, ngaphambili waxhasa izoqoqosho kunye nomanyano loluntu ukususela kumaqondo okuqala ale ngxaki. Ulawulo lwakhe lwakhawuleza lwathumela ingxowa-mali yobunzima e-$10 yezigidi zezigidi yabemi ababuthathaka kwaye waseka "Umsebenzi kunye neSchrial" inkqubo yokunceda abasebenzi abafudusiweyo baqeqeshelwe amathuba amatsha. Kwakhona uBurham waba lilizwi eliphambili elikhuthaza ukuvalwa kokhuseleko oluqinileyo lwesizwe eNtshona xa iimeko zelixa zisanda, maxa zifaka uxanduva nxamnye norhulumente ophakathi. Ukunyanzelela kwakhe ukulawulwa kwasekuhlaleni kwenkqubo yovavanyo nenkqubo yokwakhelamtsha kunye namaqhinga okuxhasa amashishini anyusa iingxabano ezinokuvela xa kunyukelelwa umgangatho wesizwe nakwezorhwebo. Oomatilonke asondelayo ekubonakaliseni nolawulo olunamandla lwelizwe xa kucengezwa kulawulo oluphakathi.
Liverpool: Ulungiso olukhutshiweyo
Impendulo eLiverpool phantsi koMayor Joe Anderson yabonisa amandla onxulumano loluntu. Inyathelo eliphambili lesixeko "Leverpool Cares" lamavolontiya axhotyiswe lihlokondiba ukuba anikezele izinto zokuthenga, aqokelele amayeza, anikezele umnxeba kunye nezonxibelelwano kwingingqi zabemi abakwanti. Kwakhona usodolophu wasungula umsebenzi wokuphucula ishishini lokusebenza ngokusondeleyo necandelo elikhulu lobukrakramente lesixeko ukuvelisa imigaqo ekhuselekileyo yokuvula iprotoliki. Xa iLiverpool yaba lukhuthazo lwemilinganiselo ephambili yempilo kawonke ngenxa yemilinganiselo ephezulu yezifo, iofisi yedolophu isebenza ngamandla nenkokeli zoluntu ukwandisa ukuthembana nokuvavanyaza. Le ntshukumo incedisa ekufikeleleni kwemibutho yezonyango kwingingqini ephambili yesixeko esithene.
IBristol: Ukubuyiselwa kokuchacha kohlaza
UMmeli uMarvin Rees eBristol wathatha indlela eyahlukileyo ngokudibanisa ukuchacha kwezifo ezimandundu kwinjongo ezizinzileyo. Esi sixeko sasebenzisa ukuphazamiseka kokutshixa njengethuba lokunyusa ukuzimisela kwaso ukuba negalelo lobundilele ngo-2030. Ubuchule bokusebenza ngokuzinzisa izakhiwo zohambo lwaphinda-phindene, kwaye inkxaso yongxamiseko yamashishini ebotshelelwe ukunciphisa iziphumo zemeko-bume. URees waxhasa "ukwakha umva ngcono" imimiselo engaphambili edityaniswe kwimisebenzi eluhlaza efaka amakhaya afanelekekayo, amandla avusenekayo, kunye nezithuthi ezigcina inkxaso. Ngoxa lo mbono ujonge phambili ujongeneengxaki zomsebenzi onzima ngexesha elinzima, ibonisa indlela ezinokusetyenziswa ngayo ngexesha likaxakeka kotshintsho olulungele utshintsho. U-Bristol ucebisa ukuba uphuculo lwempilo oluseluphuculo lwezoqoqosho
Izifundo Ezibalulekileyo Ngekamva
Amava adibeneyo oosodolophu beUK ngexesha lesifo esibulalayo avelisa izifundo ezibalulekileyo ezinokukhokelela ekucebeni ngexesha elizayo. Ezi ngqiqo ziquka nangaphandle kwempilo kawonke wonke ziquka imigaqo ebanzi yokulawula, unxibelelwano, kunye nentlalo.
Luxhase Unxibelelwano Olucacileyo Nolungaguquguqukiyo
Enye yeempendulo ezizinzileyo ezizinzileyo kuzo zonke iimpendulo zesixeko yimfuno yonxibelelwano olucacileyo, olungaguquguqukiyo nolucacileyo. Abacebisi abaphumelele ekulondolozeni ukuthemba uluntu benza njalo ngokunika uhlaziyo oluthe rhoqo, ukuvuma ukungaqiniseki, nokuchaza ukuqiqa okusemva kwezigqibo. Ukrhweba-nxibelelwano, ingakumbi xa imiyalezo yesizwe neyasekuhlaleni ingqubana, ikhokelela ekudideni nasekuthobeni. Ucwangciso lwexesha elizayo kufuneka luquke izikhokelo zonxibelelwano olulungiselelwe kwangaphambili, iziteshinazo zokusasaza ngokukhawuleza, kunye neenkqubo zokudibanisa imiyalezo kumgangatho onqamlezayo karhulumente. Ulwakhiwo lwamathetho lwamanani axhasa ukudityaniswa okuphezulu komnxeba, ukulumkisa kolwimi oluneelwimi-lwimi-injiweyo, unxulumano lwendawo yonxibelelwano, kunye nolwano lwezidisiko-medio-medio-sting jty .
Umanyano olumandla lwamagunya ezempilo namaqela oluntu
Isifo esingubhubhani sagxininisa ukuba akukho sikonye esinokuthi silawule inkxwaleko enkulu. Ukhokelo olunempumelelo lomlawuli-dolophu lufuna intsebenziswano enzulu namasebe ezempilo kawonke-wonke, i-NHS, iinkonzo zongxamiseko, kunye noluhlu oluninzi lwemibutho yoluntu. Abaququzeli ababenolwalamano olukhoyo naba basemagxeni babekwizikhuseli zolwaphulo-mthetho babekwizikhundla ezingcono zokukhuthaza iimpendulo ezikhawulezayo. Ukuya phambili, izixeko kufuneka zifake imigaqo esemthethweni yentsebenziswano eqhubekayo, njengekomiti ezilungele ukudibana rhoqo namaxesha okuzola. Ezi komiti kufuneka ziquke abameli abavela kumacandelo okuzithandela kunye namahlelo okholo, ziqinisekisa ukuba amazwi oluntu aqhutyekelwe ekucwangcisweni kwasekuqaleni.
Ukufezekisa iNkqubo
Ubuchule bokokuba nesifo esingubhubhani bufuna utshintsho olungapheliyo. Abasebenzi abasebenzisa iiplani ezithe ngqo bafumanisa ukuba bazama ukusabela kwiimeko ezitshintsha ngokukhawuleza. Ngokwahlukileyo, abo bakha ubhetyebhetye kwizakhiwo zabo ezenza izigqibo banokujika lula kakhulu. Umzekelo, ukutshintsha ukusuka kumthetho olawulayo wokubophelela ukujolise inkxaso kubamelwane abathile okanye amacandelo. Izicwangciso zongxamiseko zexesha elizayo zimele zifake uhlalutyo lwemeko olulindele iziphumo ezininzi ezinokwenzeka kwaye ziqukelele nezizathu ezithe ngqo zokunyuka kwentshukumo yomlinganiselo okanye ezantsi. Olu tshintsho kufuneka lwandise ulawulo loqingqo-mali, ngemiqatha yemali ekhoyo ngokukhawuleza njengoko kusenziwa inguqulelo.
Inani labemi abakwaziyo ukuhlahlela
Isifo esingumqhaphu esichaphazelekayo esisele sichaphazelekile ngokungenakulinganiswa, kuquka amaqela aqhelekileyo esizwe, iintsapho ezifumana imali encinane, abalupheleyo, nabantu abanezi meko zempilo eziphantsi. Iimpendulo zeMayoral ezingqale ngokucacileyo kwaba bantu ziphumele iziphumo ezingcono ngokwezo zombini impilo kunye nokulandelelana kwentlalo. Inkxaso exhobisayo, njengezinto zonxibelelwano ezifanelekileyo, ukuxhobisa ukuqhatha kwiindawo eziphantsi kwemali, kunye nokuzinikela ngoncedo lwemali kwizona candelo zichaphazelekayo, zingqine zibalulekile. Ucwangciso lwexesha elide lumele luphumelele ngokwezigqibo zombini, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimpendulo zengxaki azinwe ngokungalindelekanga ngokuchaseneyo nokungaqondani okukhoyo. Oku kufuna ukuqokelelwa okuqhubekayo kwempilo kunye nokungaphicokisekiyo kwimibango yoluntu, ngokufana nokuhlangana ngqo nokuchatshazelwa kwemibutho yabantu ekungeneni kwazo zombini ezichaphazeleleyo, eziluncedo nezinentlonelo.
Gcina Umbono Wexesha Elide Phakathi Kweengcinezelo Ezifutshane
Oosodolophu baseBristol nezinye izixeko babonisa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukusukela usukelo lwexesha elide lobuchule kwanaxa kukho ingxaki enkulu. Ngelixesha amaxhala okusinda ngokukhawuleza esoloko elawula kumanqanaba okuqala exesha likaxakeka, iinkokeli ezigcina iliso elinye lisexesheni zingasebenzisa ukuphazamiseka ukukhawulezisa iinguqu ezifanelekileyo. Oku kungathetha ukudibanisa ukuchachanabeka kwemali kwimiqathango exhasayo, ukuveliswa kwezibonelelo ezixhasa impilo yoluntu kunye nemeko yemozulu, okanye ukwakha umanyano olutsha olunokuqhubeka emva kokuphela kwemeko enzima. Ucwangciso lwexesha elizayo lungaquka "ugunyazo" ucwangciso olufuna ukuqwalasela zombini ukuphendula kwangoko kunye nokuchachachamba okude ukususela ekuqaleni, ukuphepha umgibe wokusebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kwesigqibo.
Impumelelo Efikelelekayo: Iziphumo Neengxaki
Ukuvavanya impumelelo yempendulo yoosodolophu kufuna ukukhangela ngaphaya kwemilinganiselo elula yenkxaso yezoqoqosho njengamaxabiso osuleleko. Uhlolisiso olubanzi luqwalasela ukuzinza kwezoqoqosho, ukuncedisana kwentlalo kunye nesantya sokuchacha. Izixeko ezininzi ze-UK zafumana ukuphazamiseka okubalulekileyo kwezoqoqosho, ngokuvalwa kwezitrato, imisebenzi elahlekileyo, kunye nokuncitshiswa kwemali kawonke-wonke. Abenzi abalungelelanisa ukhuseleko lwempilo ngenkxaso yezoqoqosho . "Izibonelelo-mali-mali-mali-ezininzi, ukubonela ngokulula ukuthotyelelwa kwemiqathango yoluntu, ukubonela umgangatho worhwebo, kunye nokufumana ubuchule kubathengi basekuhlaleni.
Noko ke, kusekho iingxaki ezibalulekileyo. Izifo ezibhenqiweyo ezibhencayo ezibangelwa yinkqubo esetyenziswayo ekwalathiseni izixeko ze-UK ngendlela ezixhaswa ngayo kwaye zilawulwa ngayo. Abachasi basoloko bengenazo iimfanelo zokuzilawula ukuze baphumeze izicelo zobulali ezinamandla ngaphandle kokuthembela kwimvume karhulumente ophakathi. Oku kuxhomekeka kwabangela ukuba kube nolibaziseko kunye nokhupho lwezopolitiko olwabangela ukuba iimpendulo ezisebenzayo zingakwazi. Utshintsho lwexesha elizayo lungacombulula le miba ngokunika imicimbi ukulawula irhafu, ukuboleka amandla, kunye noxanduva loluntu. Isifo sikwabalasel'ukunxibelelana kwee-data phakathi kweenkqubo zoluntu kunye nezorhwebo zesizwe, kwenze kube nzima ukuba abembi besasaza bolwazi lwexesha elingezo ezinokuchaphazeleka-mphulo, ubuchule bezibhedlele, uluntu kwimimandla yabo.
Isiphelo: Ukwakha Izixeko Ezinemihla Emitsha Ngekamva
Amava oomatiloshe be-UK ngexesha lesifo songquzulwano seCovid-19 banika iplani exabisekileyo yokomeleza ulawulo lwasedolophini ngaphambi kwemeko zexesha elizayo. Ngeli xesha iimeko zesifo esigqugqisileyo zazingaqhelekanga, imigaqo yokhokelo eyavela ihlala ihleli. Abalawuli abanxibelelana ngokucacileyo, abasebenzisana, bakha ubhedu-bhetyebhetye-bhetye kwimpendulo zabo, ingingiselwa phambili yabemi ababuthathaka, kwaye bagcina umbono wexesha elide ubekwe kakuhle ukukhokela izixeko zabo kwisichotho. Kwangaxesha elinye, indyikitya etyhilwayo kubuthathaka kwinkqubo yolawulo lwasekuhlaleni ekufuneka ixoxwe ukuze kuncede iimpendulo ezisebenzayo kwixa elizayo.
Njengokuba izixeko zijamelene neengxaki ezintsha . Ukusuka kwisongelo esiqhubekayo sezifo ezasulelayo ukuya kutshintsho lwemozulu, ukungaguquguquki kwezoqoqosho, kunye nokungalungelelani kwentlalo-ntle, izifundo ezisuka kwiziphumo zezifo ezimandundu ze-odonga ziyimfuneko kakhulu kunangaphambili. Oosodolophu base-UK bangqina ukuba imicimbi yokhokelo lwasekuhlaleni, ulwalamano loluntu alunakwakhiwa ngesiquphe, kwaye ukuveliswa kwezi zifundo zokuzilungiselela kunika iingenelo xa kuvela iintlekele. Ngokuzifaka ezi zifundo kwimikhosi yemihla ngemihla, izixeko azinakukwazi ukumelana nje kuphela kodwa zinokuba zizinto ezilinganayo nezinokuhlala zihleli kuzo. Isifo sasingumfundisi onochukungqwa, kodwa izifundo ezinikwayo azinazo ezinokulibaleka.