Umhlaba Ojikelezayo Wasedolophini Nesithembiso Sobuchule

Iindawo zothutho ezikhoyo ehlabathini lonke zixinana ngeengxaki ezintathu ezidibeneyo: ukuxinana kweenqwelo-moya, ukunyuka komoya nengxolo, nokunqongophala kwesithuba sokwandisa iindlela okanye ukumisa imoto. Iimodeli zezothutho, ezinelungelo lokuzihambela iinqwelo-mafutha zabucala, ziya zibonakala zingabikho. Ekuphenduleni, iklasi entsha yezicombululo zivele, ngokudibeneyo zaziwa njengemichiza encinane kakhulu. Ezi zisetyenziswa ngumbane, ezisoloko zisebenza ngamandla ombane, aziphindangaphindiseli indlela abantu abahamba ngayo isixeko esidume kakhulu, kodwa zihamba ngokufutshane, zijongeneentshukumo ezincinane zokuhamba-mobieting. Ukusebenzisana kwemicrobieters, iibhayisekile, nezingahambisi ze-macrozi, ezithenwayo, nezinga transki ezisetyenziswayo, kodwa ezisetyenziswayo, ezithenwayo, ezithenwayo, ezithenwayo, ezisetyenziswayo, kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu, kodwa zifumaneka kakhulu, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu, ezisetyenziswayo

Isixokelelwano sokusebenzisa iMicro-Mobileyo: Izixhobo, iimodeli, kunye nemilinganiselo yokusetyenziswa

Ukusebenza okuncinane kudityaniswe naluphina uhlobo oluncinci, olulula lwesithuthi esisebenza ngesantya esiqhelekileyo esingaphantsi kwe 25 km/h kwaye esisetyenziswa kuhambo olufutshane, ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphantsi kweemayile eziyi5. Ukuqonda umahluko okhoyo kweli candelo kubalulekile ekucwangcisweni nasekumiselweni.

Abasebenzi: Umkhosi odanisayo

Ukuma izithuthuthu zombane kuye kwaba ngumntwana wesikhuseli semicro-enamandla ombane, ubukhulu becala ngenxa yokulula kwazo ukusetyenziswa, ukuthunyelwa kwenqanawa ngaphandle kwedokisi, kunye nexabiso eliphantsi. Abasebenzi abakhulu abafana neBird neLime babeka amakhulu amawaka emidyungu kwizixeko emhlabeni wonke, ukususela ngo-2017. Ezi zixhobo zinika isisombululo esiluncedo kwingxaki ebizwa ngokuba "kwimayile yexesha eliqhelekileyo" `umsantsa" umsantsa phakathi kwesi esisithuthi nendawo yokugqibela esisinge kuyo. Kodwa ke, ukwanda kwazo ngokukhawuleza kuzise imingeni, kuquka imfumba esecaleni kwendlela, umonakalo, kunye neziganeko zokukhusela.

I-E-Bikes kunye neebhayisekile ze-Pedal-i-Asscitch

Ibhayisekile zombane zinika ukhetho oluzinzileyo nolunokufikeleleka ngakumbi kunemidlwane, ingakumbi kuhambo olude okanye ukuthwala umthwalo. Zinciphisa umqobo wokwehla kwibhayisekile, zisenza ukuba ibhayisekile ikwazi ukusetyenziswa kubemi ababanzi, kuquka abantu abadala kunye nabantu abadala abanomgangatho ofanelekileyo. Iinkqubo ze-bike ezingenamsebenzi kubenzi njenge JUMP (ngoku eyinxenye ye-Uber) kunye neLime zibone ukuthathwa komntu onamandla, ngoxa iinkqubo ezininzi zebhayisekile yezandla zifaneleke ngeenketho ze-ebike kunokukhethwa kuzo ukwandisa inqwelo-enjini. Ubugcisa be-pedal-65 bukwakhuthaza ukufuduka ukusuka kwiinqwelo-moto ezihamba iimayile ezili-110-5.

Iibhayisikile ezabelweneyo: Yesithethe neyanamhlanje

Iinkqubo zokwabelana ngebhayisekile, ezisoloko zisekelwe kwisikhululo (umz., Citi Bike eNew York, kwiSantander Imijikelo eLondon), zingqinelane ubude bobomi bazo kunye nokusebenziseka kwazo. Ezi nkqubo zinika iindawo zedokisi ezithe ngqo kwaye zifuna abasebenzisi ukuba babuyele kwizikhululo, banciphise uxilongo lwendlela. Ukudityaniswa kweebhayisekile ze-ultrake- interlief kwezi zinxulumaniswe, zivuselele iinkqubo ezininzi, zokwandisa umgama kunye nesibhexo. Iinkqubo zebhayisekile ezingekho mgangathweni, ezifana nemifanekiso yesithuthuthu, zinika ubhedu olude-luko oluninzi kodwa zinokuva kwimiba yokupaka.

Ukuzala Okungangeni Mamicromobial: ICargo Bikes, Imisele, Neevehicles Zombane Ezikhanyayo

Ngaphaya kwezithuthuthu neebhayisekile, ezinye iintlobo zemibhobho encinane efumanekayo zifumana ulwamkelo. Iibhayisekile zombane zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekudluliseni iimpahla nokutya okuziindleko zokugqibela, zithabathel ’ indawo iinqwelo-mafutha ezincinci ezikwimimandla exineneyo. Izithuthi zombane ezingephi njengeebhodi zevili elinye kunye neebhodi ezitsalayo nazo zikhona kodwa zijongene nemiqobo emikhulu. Intsingiselo engundoqo kukudityaniswa kwezixhobo, nganye ilungelelaniswa kwiinjongo ezithile zohambo kunye nezinto ezikhethwa ngumsebenzisi.

Iingenelo Zemekobume Nezoqoqosho: Ukwandisa Impembelelo

Isithembiso se-microbal sixhomekeke kungekuphela nje ekuncedeni kodwa kunyuso olungenakulinganiswa kwidolophu kugcino-mali kunye nokuqina kwezoqoqosho.

Ukuncitshiswa Kwegesi Ephuma Eluhlaza Nokungcoliswa Komoya

Uhlolisiso lweNational Reneucable Energy Laboratory (NREL) lufumanise ukuba ii-i-cootiers, xa zisetyenziswa ukutshintsha uhambo lwenqwelo-mafutha, zinganciphisa umva wekharbon ngomthungo ongaphezulu kwama-50%. Kodwa, inzuzo yenethi ixhomekeke kakhulu kwindlela yokuhamba endaweni yayo. Imichiza-obholo inceda kakhulu xa ithatha indawo yohambo ngenqwelo-mafutha, ingaphantsi kokuba ithathele indawo yemoto, i-bing, okanye uthutho loluntu. Ukwenziwa nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo kwakhona kukwaneziphumo zemekobume, kodwa ukujikeleza kobomi kusoloko kubonisa ukuba ukuthatha izithuba ezincinane-mobbstyheactive kungenisa umgama omncinci kuhambo ngalunye lweenqwelo-moto. Ukongeza ngokunciphisa inani leenqwelo-moto ezihamba ngendlela encinane, ezincinci ezibangela ungcoliseko, imome-oksi yasedolophu entle, ngokokuhleni, ngokokubangela ungcoliso lwempilo lwezizigidi zabantu abafayo.

Ukuphembelela ukusetyenziswa kwemoto nokuphinda unike uluntu izithuba

Uhambo ngalunye lwemicro-el-obritial oluthatyathwe endaweni yohambo lwemoto lukhulula isithuba sohambo lwendlela kwaye lunciphisa imfuno yokumisa. Iqela leBoston elithelekisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwemicro-mobial kunganciphisa uhambo ngezithuthi nge-10-15%, ithelekisa isantya esiphezulu. Ngaphezu koko, i-cootators kunye neebhayisekile zifuna indawo encinci yokumisa imoto kunendawo engqongileyo yasedolophini.

Ukwaneliseka Nempumelelo

I-micro-mobial idla ngokubiza imali encinane kune-odolo kwaye igcina imoto, kwanaxa kufakelwa iindleko zemali zonyaka kwiminxeba yothutho eyahlukeneyo okanye ukubhayiselwa kweebhayisekile kungaba liqhekeza lemali yezithuthi (ukusetyenziswa kwemoto, amafutha, ukulungiswa, ukumiswa kwemoto). Kwizixeko, i-micro-mobal-engamandla inganikezela ngokhetho olusezantsi lwezithuthi kwiindawo ezingaphantsi kothutho lukawonke-wonke apho uthutho lukawonke lungahlali kakhulu khona. Uhlolisiso olusuka kwiYunivesithi yaseKentucky lufumanisekozo iinkqubo zezoqoqosho ezingabini eziziibhayiselayo ezinxulumene nezithuthi zezithuthi zenqwelo-moto. Ngaphezu koko, kwinani elandayo labantu abangafuniyo ukuthatha imoto yabo.

Ukufuduswa kweMicro-Mobileyo ngentengiso kawonke-wonke:

Ukuze i-microbal ifikelele amandla ayo apheleleyo, kufuneka iphelelise, -- hayi ikhuphisane ne-/inkqubo ezikhoyo zothutho lukawonke-wonke. Ingcamango yokudityaniswa kwe-"multimodal" ikwisiseko sokuhamba kwidolophana yexesha elizayo.

Ukucombulula Ingxaki Yokuqala Neyokugqibela

Eyona ndawo icacileyo yokusebenzisana ikwizitishi zokuthutha nokumisa. Ukuhambisa iibhayisekile kunye nezithuthuthu ezidityanisiweyo kwiminxeba yothutho kuvumela abasebenzi ukuba bacebe isiphelo ukuya ekupheleni kohambo ngenqanawa ngaphandle komthungo. Izixeko ezininzi zimisele iindawo zokupaka imibhobho encinci kufutshane nezitishi zebhasi, ii-metro, kunye nezitishi zikaloliwe. Umzekelo, eWashington D.C., inkqubo yenqwelo-moya ebekwe kwinqwelo-moya ecwangcisiweyo kwisikhululo se-Metro, inciphisa imfutho yemingxina yemoto kwaye ikhuthaza. EParis, iVélib‘irbon-sharkss kufutshane kwimijingatho yonke ephumayo, yenza uhambo oluninzi olulula.

Ukuncedisana Nocwangciso Lohambo

Ii-apps zale mihla ezihambayo zingadibanisa ubukho bokwenene bexesha lezithuthuthu, iibhayisekile, ucwangciso lokuthutha, kunye neenketho zokuhamba. Iinkqubo zothutho-as-a-Service (Maas) iqonga, njengazo ziqhutyelwayo eHelsinki (Whim) naseMunich, zifuna ulwabelano olunamandla logcino-lwazi phakathi kwabanikezeli. Amaziko esixeko asoloko egunyazisa ukuba abasebenzi abasebenzi abangakwazi ukukhupha ulwazi olungaziwayo lohambo ukuchaza ucwangciso kunye noshishino lwesiseko. I-Institute yezothutho kunye noPhuhliso (ITDP)[FLTP)[FLD:1] apapashe izikhokelo zendlela ezifanelekileyo zokukhuthaza ukhuphiso lwendlela xa kuqinisekiswa ulwazi kunye nendlela esebenzayo.

Iimfuno Zokufundisa: Bike Lanes, Amacandelo Okupakisha, NeeHubs

Ukungena komjelo akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwezibonelelo ezifanelekileyo. Iindlela ezinikezelweyo zebhayisekile kunye nezitrato ezipelwe phantsi zibalulekile kukhuseleko. Uphando oluninzi lwesithuthuthu lubonisa ukuba iingozi ezininzi zenzeka ezitratweni ngaphandle kokhuseleko lwezibonelelo zebhayisekile. Izixeko kufuneka zifakelele kwimijelo yemijikelo edityaniswe nomjikelo, izitrato ezipheleleyo, kunye neendawo ezicothayo. Ukupakisha izithuba ezikhethiweyo zezixhobo ezingekho zibukweni zithintele ukungeneka. Kwizixhobo zombane, isakhiwo sombane siyafuneka. Abanye abasebenzi basebenzisa iibhetri ezidibanisi ezidityanisiweyo, ngelithanga ezinye iintambo, iintelets (ingumatshini ezizimeleyo) ukuqokelela, ityala, kunye nezithutho. Zombi iimo ze-redeptroptray zifuna inkqubo ezicacileyo ukusuka kumatshini.

Ucelomngeni: Ukhuseleko, Ukulungelelana Nokungaguquguquki

Nakubeni ithembisa, iiyantlukwano ezincinane zijongene nemiqobo ebalulekileyo ekufuneka ilungiswe ngolawulo olunempembelelo kunye nokudityaniswa kwebutho labantu.

Inkxalabo Yokhuseleko Nesimilo Sokukhwela

Ukhuseleko lungumqobo okhankanywe ngokubanzi kukwamkelwa ngesantya esincinane. Utyelelo lwegumbi longxamiseko luye lwanyuka kakhulu kwizixeko ezininzi. Uhlolisiso lubalaselise umbandela ofana nokuhamba endleleni, ukusebenza okungenamsebenzi, nokungabinaso isigcina-ntloko. Ukuthoba ezi zinto, abasebenzi baqali bemfundo, abalawuli besantya esiphezulu (ukunyusa isantya kwimimandla ehamba ngesantya), kunye ne-geneographing (ukukhwela kwindawo ezikwalelweyo). Izixeko zikwasebenzisa imithetho engqongqo, kuquka imithetho elawulayo, imiqathango yeminyaka, nemiqathango yexesha, kunye nemiqathango emiselweyo yokukhwela. Noko ke, ihlala ingucelomngeni ngenxa yesantya semisebenzi. Ukusebenzisa i-lonketho (FLD:0] i-logosasemzigqeshobo (NCT)

Imisebenzi Yezakhelo Zolawulo: Imvume, Izixhobo Zokutsala Neenyama

Izixhobo zokukhupha inzala ezincinane zangaphambili zenzeka zincinane okanye zingenayo imiqathango, ezikhokelela ekukhuhlaneni noorhulumente basekuhlaleni. Namhlanje, izixeko ezininzi zifuna abasebenzisi ukufumana imvume, ukuhlawula iindleko, nokunamathela kwimigangatho yomsebenzi. Ezi zimvume zisoloko ziquka iikhops kwimigangatho yobukhulu benqanawa, iimfuno zokubekwa ngokulinganayo (umz., ukuqinisekisa ukugutyungelwa kwemida ephantsi kwengeniso), kunye nemigangatho yokugcina imigangatho engcono.

Ukulingana ekufikeleleni nasekufikeleleni

Iinkonzo zokungazaliseki okuncinane zisoloko zijoliswe kwiindawo ezityebileyo nakumaziko esixeko, zishiya imali encinane kunye noluntu oluncinane olungaphantsi kwegunya. Ukuthetha ngale nto, izixeko zifuna abasebenzisi ukuba banike intelekelelo "ii-community prisurge" iiplani zokufumana abahlali abaphantsi kwemali, ukunikezela ngepesenti encinane yezithuthi kwimimandla ephantsi kwenkonzo, kunye nokwamkela iimali (umz., ngokugqitha kumakhadi ahlaziyiweyo). Uphando oluthelizo lufuna abasebenzi beYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, Davis, lufumaniswe ukuba ngaphandle kwemithetho enjalo, imincinane-oklo ikhuthaza izithutho ezikhoyo kwimicimbi engekhoyo. Iinkqubo ezifana neLime'"Lime's Acce" kunye ne-Birds "Communic Pricking" zilandela indlela elungele intla, kodwa intlanganye nentlanganiso elungeleneyo.

Iminyaka Yobomi, Yenkunkuma Neyokubulala

Izithuthuthu ezisetyenziswayo zangaphambili zazine-avareji yobomi obuphakathi yeenyanga ezimbalwa ngenxa yokunxiba, ukonakalisa, nokuchanabeka kwemozulu, kudala ingxaki yenkunkuma. Ukususela ngoko abalungisi baye benza izixhobo ezihlala ixesha elide ezineebhethri ezilayishekayo kunye namalungu anokubuyiselwa. Abasebenzi baye baphucula umzila wesithuthi wokunqanda ubusela nokunceda ukuchachacha ngokukhawuleza. Izixeko zingakhuthaza ukulondolozwa ngokuquka iimfuno zokusindisa ubomi benqwelo-moto kwimvume kunye nokuhlaziya iinkqubo zokuhlaziya inkqubo zokuphinda kusebenze amacebo arhoxiweyo. Ingxelo evela kwiRocky Mountal Institute igxininisa imfuneko yemigaqo yesazi semali kwimisebenzi yemichiza.

Ulundi Olulandelayo: Izixeko ezizimeleyo Ezinemicro-Ukukhanya Okuncinane Nezikrelekrele

Xa ujonga ngaphaya kwezixhobo ezisetyenziswayo, ubugcisa nenkqubela-phambili eninzi zilungele ukutshintsha indlela yokuhamba edolophini.

Izixhobo zokuzilawula kunye nokuzibophelela

Umda olandelayo yi-ezibucro-mobial. Iinkampani ezininzi zivelisa i-e-scootis ezinokuzifudusela kwindawo eziphezulu okanye zibuyele kwizikhululo ngaphandle kongenelelo lomntu. Oku kuya kunciphisa imfuneko yamaqela asebenzayo kunye neelori zokusebenza ezizisebenzelayo, ziphucula ubuchule bokusebenza. Inyathelo le-Segway's "Prevend Scooter Autonomy" lisebenzisa iikhamera kunye nezivamvo zokunceda ukucotha uqhutyo olukwindlela oluzinzileyo kwimingxuma. Ngoxa kusekuvavanywe kwangoko, obu bugcisa bungaguqula ulawulo lwenqanawa kunye nokunciphisa isithuba esifunekayo ekupaka.

Ukurhweba neMithetho yeSixeko esiQhelekileyo

I-micro-mobial inokuba ligumbi lesiseko lezinto eziphilayo ezikrelekrele kwisixeko. Abasebenzi bezixhobo bangaqokelela ugcino-lwazi kwiimeko zomendo, ubunjani bomoya ophantsi, okanye iindlela ezixineneyo, zondla ulwazi kwimizi enqamlezayo. Imiqondiso yomsinga inokwenziwa ilungelelaniswe ukumisela izithuthi ezincinane ezikhoyo. Izixhobo kunye nokuzihlaziya kwexesha lokwenene kungalawulwa kwimfuno egudileyo. Ngaphezu koko, iindlela zokumisa imoto kunye nolawulo lwe-kerbside kufutshane ziyakwazi ukubiza abasebenzi abancinane-omatshini abasebenza kwi-mob ephepheni kwimimandla enika ingeniso, kudala ingeniso yezixeko ngexesha elikhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kwendawo. Izixeko ezifana [[FLT:] Barcelon [[FLT]] kunye neenkqubo ze-macrobityme-data ezincinane ze-data ezivulekileyo kwiqonga elivulekileyo elivula iplatis.

Indima yeemodeli zenkcazelo yokhupho-mali nohluzo lwe-E-Commerce

Ngapha koko, imodeli yemirhumo yemirhumo ifumana ingeniso, inika uhambo olufutshane olungenasiphelo ngentlawulo yanyanga nganye. Oku kukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwaye kunokubuyisela imoto kwi-commory yemihla ngemihla yabasebenzisi abathile. Ngaphezu koko, i-micro-mobel iyakhula idityaniswe ne-ecommerce kunye nokuhanjiswa kokudla. Oku kuhambelana komthwalo kusetyenziswa iibhayisekile kunye nezithuthuthu zokuhambisa iimoto ezincinane, kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwemoto etshana nezithuthi zemoto.

Isiphelo: Ukwakha Umbono Owokudibana Ngehlokondiba Lasezidolophini

Ukuqhama okuncinane akuseyonto intsha . iyilungu elingundoqo lokuxubana kwezithuthi zasedolophini. Iinzuzo zakho ekunciphiseni ukuxinana, ukukhutshwa komphunga owehlayo, kunye nokuphuculwa kokufumaneka kwala maxwebhu zibhalwe kakuhle, kodwa ziqonda ezi ngenelo kwisikali zifuna inyathelo lokuzithandela kunye nentsebenziswano. Oorhulumente beziXeko kufuneka bafake imigaqo ekhuselekileyo elungelelanisa uphuhliso nokhuseleko, kwaye banyanzelise amalungiselelo athe tyengo. Abasebenzi kufuneka baphucule ubunzulu bobomi, ubunzulu bokukhanya, kunye nokubophelela koluntu. Kwaye uwonke kufuneka bamkele imilinganiselo emitsha yokusebenzisana kwesithuba isithuba kunye namalungelo abantu abahamba ngeminye abasebenzisa iindlela.

Ikamva lokuhamba kwedolophu alikho yindlela enye, kodwa uthungelwano olungenamthungo lokuhamba, ukubhabha, ukuthutha, ukukhwela, nokungabinakusebenza okuncinane. Ngokudibanisa ezi ndlela zinokusetyenziswa kakuhle, izixeko zingenza impilo entle, ingcungcutheko, kwaye zigcineke ngakumbi abantu. Njengoko inkqubela-phambili yobugcisa njengezithuthuthu ezizimeleyo kunye nezibonelelo ezichuliweyo ziba yinto yokwenene, ukukwazi ukumelana ne-mikroba encinci nokungabinanto intlukwano kuzakhula kuphela. Ucelomngeni . ///ithuba //indlela ekufuneka silwenzileyo, ilungele ukuphumelela, kwaye impumelelo ngakumbi kwinkqubo yothutho oluyasedolo-omatilo---i.