Ukuqonda indlela ekwenziwa ngayo imithetho kubalulekile kumntu ngamnye ofuna ukuba nenxaxheba kwidemokhrasi. Inkqubo yowiso-mthetho isenokubonakala intsonkothe ekuqaleni, kodwa ukuyiqhekeza ikwinyathelo elicacileyo kutyhila inkqubo eyenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ucwangciso olucokisekileyo, igalelo likawonke-wonke, kunye nokuqwalasela ngenyameko phambi kokuba nasiphi na izicelo sibe sigunyazisa umthetho othile. Nokuba ngaba ufumana umthetho othile okhethekileyo, ukhuthaza utshintsho lwenkqubo, okanye ufuna nje ukuba ngummi onolwazi olungakumbi, ukwazi indlela umthetho ohamba ngayo ukusuka kwingcamango yokuqala yokunyanzelisa umthetho onyanzelisa unikezele ngokunempumelelo ngakumbi kumsebenzi wakho nabameli bakho abanyuliweyo kunye nenkqubo yedemokhrasi ngokwayo.

Le ndlela ibanzi ikhokela ihamba kwiqonga ngalinye lenkqubo yokwenza umthetho, ukusuka kwintlantsi yengcinga ukuya kutyikityo lomongameli, ichaza hayi nje ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kodwa isizathu sokuba inyathelo ngalinye liphinde liqale. Ngokuqonda le nkqubo, abavoti bangayixabisa ngcono icheke kunye nomlinganiselo owakhiwe kwinkqubo yethu, bachaze amathuba okwenza ukuba amalizwi abo aviwe, kwaye bagcine abameli babo benoxanduva ngemithetho abayixhasayo okanye abayichasileyo.

Apho Kuqala Khona Imithetho: Ukuzalwa Kweengcamango Zomthetho

Naliphi na ilungu leBhunga-ngqungquthela (*) okanye kwiNdlu yabameli ) onenjongo yomthetho angayila umthetho, kwaye ezi ngcamango zivela kumalungu eKhomishini ngokwayo okanye kubemi bemihla ngemihla nakumaqela okulawula. Eli linqaku elibalulekileyo abavoti abaninzi abangaliqondiyo: akumele ukuba nibe ligosa elinyuliweyo ukumisela umthetho. Abahlali, imibutho yoluntu, amashishini, amaqumrhu obugcisa, kunye namaqela angoosomashishini, rhoqo abameli babo ngezicelo ezintsha okanye iinguqulelo kwabakhoyo.

Ityala liyisicelo somthetho omtsha okanye ukutshintshela kumthetho okhoyo. Ngaphambi kokuba kuqaliswe umthetho, kusoloko kusenziwa umsebenzi omkhulu emva kwemeko. Amalungu eKhonklane nabasebenzi bawo basenokuchitha iiveki okanye iinyanga bephanda imbambano, bebuza iingcali, beqokelela ugcino-lwazi, bebhala ulwimi oluza kufeza iinjongo zabo zenkqubo. Abamisi-mthetho abaninzi basebenza ne-Ofisi ye-Legislative Counsence, iofisi engeyoyaparatistiki enceda ukuguqulela imigaqo kwiilwimi ezichanekileyo.

Ilungu eliyintloko leBhunga elixhasa eli tyala libizwa ngokuba yi "sponsor," ngelixesha amanye amalungu axhasayo eli tyala ebizwa ngokuba yi-"co-sponsers" ngokuba nentsebenziswano ebanzi yenkxaso yesicelo kwaye ingandisa amathuba ayo okuhambela phambili kwinkqubo yowiso-mthetho. Ezinye iindleko zitsala uninzi okanye amakhulu eekhomputha ezivela kuwo omabini amaqela, ngexa ezinye zinokuba nomxhasi omnye kuphela.

Ukwazisa Ibhiliphu: Isigaba Sokuqalisa Esisemthethweni

Xa isibham sibhaliwe kufuneka sicaciswe, `ukuba ummeli ngumxhasi, ityala liziswa kwindlu, kwaye ukuba iSenator ngumxhasi, ityala liziswa kwiBhunga. Inkqubo yokuqalisa icacile kodwa iphawula incopho ebalulekileyo. Kwindlu yabameli, amalungu afaka amatyala awo kwibhokisi yeplanga ebizwa ngokuba yi "I-Enter" ekwimigangatho yendlu. KwiCample, i-senteners ichaza ityala ngexesha lakusasa okanye ngokwenza isaziso kumgangatho weBhange.

Kwintshayelelo, ityala ngalinye lifumana igama elikhethekileyo. Umabhalane wendlu wabela inombolo yemithetho yetyala eliveliswe kwiNdlu yabameli (umz. H.R. 1001) kwaye umphathi-ndlu wabela inombolo yowiso-mthetho yetyala elivezwe kwiBhunga (umz. 1002). Le nkqubo yokubala inceda umthetho wendlela yogcino-rekhodi ngalo lonke uhambo lwayo kwaye iyenza kube lula kuwonke-wonke ukulandela iingcebiso ezithile.

Xa kuvezwe ityala, lingafunyanwa kwiBhunga.gov, eliyiwebhsayithi karhulumente esemthethweni evumela umthetho karhulumente. Oku kuvela kwengxelo kuvumela abameli ukuba bajonge oko bathe bakwenza kwaye bakuxhase. IBhunga.gov linikezela ngokupheleleyo okubhaliweyo kwamatyala, imeko yawo yangoku, iingxelo zokuvota, kunye namaxwebhu anxulumene nayo qhagalwnel-asel afikeleleka ngokukhululekileyo kubantu.

Isabelo Sekomiti: Apho Uqala Khona Umsebenzi Wokwenene

Ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba kuqaliswe ityala, kubhekiselwa kwikomiti. Le komiti ayingomntu oqhelekileyo. Indlu neNdlu yeNdlu ineekomiti ezahlukeneyo ezibunjwe ngamaqela eeKhomishini anomdla ngokukhethekileyo kwimibandela eyahlukeneyo enjengempilo okanye imicimbi yezizwe ngezizwe. USomlomo weNdlu yeNdlu okanye iNkokeli yeNdlu yeQela yeQela umisela ukuba yiyiphi ikomiti efumana igunya phezu komthetho osekelwe kumbandela wayo.

IiKomiti zisebenza njengamahashe eeNdlu. Kunokuba onke amalungu eNdlu ezingama-435 okanye ama-100 eeKomiti abe ziingcali kuwo onke amaqela, inkqubo yeekomiti ivumela amaqela amancinane ukuba akhulise ulwazi olukhethekileyo kwiindawo ezithile zemigaqo ethile. Kukho iikomiti ezimileyo ezisingatha iindawo eziqhubekayo zomthetho (njenge-Prime, iiNkonzo zezeeNtlanganiso, okanye imfundo), kwakunye nokukhetha iikomiti ezimiselwe iinjongo ezithile kunye neekomiti ezimanyeneyo eziquka amalungu akwimidamabini omabini.

Ikomitana engaphantsi kwekomiti ilungelelaniswe phantsi kweekomiti kwaye inezibonelelo ezingakumbi kumxholo othile, kwaye ngokufuthi, iikomiti zithumela amatyala kwikomiti encinci ukuze ifundelwe kunye nokuva kwazo. Umzekelo, iKomiti yeNdlu YezoMmandla nezorhwebo ineekomiti ezininzi ezijongene nezobugcisa obuncinci kwimimandla enjengempilo, imeko-bume neinguqulelo zemozulu, unxibelelwano kunye nokhuseleko lothengiselwano. Olu maleko lolwandolo lwenkciso olukhethekileyo luvumela ukuqwalaselwa ngakumbi kwemibandela entsonkothile.

Indima Ebalulekileyo Yempinda Yekomiti

Xa ityala lisezandleni zekomiti, lihlolisiswa ngenyameko kwaye amathuba ayo okudlula yiBhunga liphela agqitywa. Olu vavanyo luneentlobo ezininzi. Amalungu abasebenzi bekomiti ahlolisisa ulwimi lwemali, aphanda ngeempembelelo zayo, athelekelele iindleko zayo, achaze naziphi na iinkxwaleko nomthetho okhoyo. Bangacela igalelo kumaqumrhu anxulumene nemigaqo karhulumente, amaqela enzala, kunye neengcali zemibandela.

Ikomiti isenokukhetha nokuzibamba iindlebe ukuze iqonde kakuhle iintsingiselo zetyala, kwaye ukuva kuvumela iimbono zesebe eliphetheyo, iingcali, abanye abasemagunyeni kunye nabaxhasi bakawonke-wonke, kunye nabachasi bomthetho omele ubekwe erekhodini. Ezi zicelo zisebenza kwiinjongo ezininzi: zifundisa amalungu ekomiti ngale mbambano, zidala ingxelo kawonke-wonke yeembono ezahlukeneyo, zinike abagcini-mthi ithuba lokuchaza inkxaso okanye inkxalabo yabo.

Ukuchotshelwa kweekomiti kusenokuba negalelo elinamandla kwinkqubo yowiso-mthetho. AmaNgqina asenokuquka oonobhala bobugcisa, abalawuli bezikomfa, abaphandi bezifundiswa, abameli bamashishini, iinkokeli zeqela lobugcisa, nabantu abachaphazelekayo ngokungqalileyo kumthetho ocetyiswayo. Ubungqina babo, obunikelwa phantsi kwesifungo, bunokuba yinxalenye yembali yemithetho-mthetho esemthethweni kwaye bungaphembelela indlela iinkundla eziwutolika ngayo umthetho kamva ukuba uphumile.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba iikomiti zinamandla abalulekileyo phezu komthetho. Ukuba ikomiti ayithathi nxaxheba kwityala, ityala lithathwa njenge "fa". Enyanisweni, intlu yemali-mali efakwe kwi Congress ayizenzi ziphume kwikomiti. Lo msebenzi wokugcina isango uvumela iikomiti ukuba zihluze iizicelo ezingenankxaso eyaneleyo, ezingalungiswanga kakuhle, ezikhutshelwanga kakuhle, ezifumana imithetho ekhoyo, okanye imicimbi yedilesi engeyozona zibalulekileyo zemithetho.

Inkqubo yophawu: Ukurhwebelana koMthetho

Ukuba ikomiti igqiba ukuba ityala lifanelwe yinzuzo kwaye kufuneka iqhubeke, ingena koko kwaziwa ngokuba yi "markpup" inqanaba. ukuphawulwa (okanye uphawu-luphezulu) yinkqubo apho ikomiti yequmrhu le-U.S. ingxoxo yentlanganiso yequmrhu okanye intlanganiso yemithetho-siseko yesizwe, intexelo, kunye nokubhalwa kwakhona komthetho ocetyiweyo. Oku kulapho umsebenzi ontsonkothileyo wokwenza umthetho wezobugcisa uyenzeka khona, nalapho amalungu ekomiti enokuphinda anikele khona ngokokuqulathwe komthetho nobungakanani bawo.

Ezi ntlanganiso zibizwa ngokuba ngabacholi-phawu kuba amalungu ekomiti aphawula umthetho phambi kwawo njengoko egqiba ngoko kukhethwa kwindlu. Ngexesha lentlanganiso yokunyusa ixabiso, amalungu ekomiti angacebisa utshintsho kuyo nayiphi na inxalenye yomthetho-wongeza amalungiselelo amatsha, ukucima amacandelo, ukuguqula ulwimi okanye ukubeka indawo yawo wonke umbhalo ngenye indawo.

Indlela Ezisebenza Ngayo Izicwangciso Zokuphawula

Ekuqaleni kophawu, amalungu ekomiti asoloko enza iingxelo zokuvula, ezidla ngokungabi ngaphezu kwemizuzu emihlanu ipesenti, kwaye ukufundwa kokuqala kombhalo wemali eza kuphawulwa kungasuswa, mhlawumbi ngemvume engqinelanayo okanye ngokuthatha intshukumo enganyanzelekiyo. Ezi ngxelo zivulayo zivumela amalungu ukuba achaze ukuma kwawo kumthetho kunye neziphelo zokubukelwa kwangaphambili aziceba ukunikela.

Ityala ngoko lifundwa ukuze kulungiswe icandelo elinye ngexesha, namalungu ekomiti enika izilungiso kwicandelo ngalinye emva kokuba lifundiwe kodwa phambi kokuba kufundwe icandelo elilandelayo. Le ndlela yenkqubo iqinisekisa ukuba yonke inxalenye yemali ifumana ingqalelo kwaye amalungu anethuba lokucebisa utshintsho kumalungiselelo athile. Kodwa, ngokuvumelanayo, ikomiti ingavuma ukunikezela ngokufundwa kwecandelo ngalinye, okanye iqwalasele isibhengezo sokupheliswa kwemixholo okanye izahluko endaweni yemiqathango.

Inkqubo yokulungisa ngexesha lokunyusa into ingaba nzima. Amalungu anganika iinguquko zokuqala (ukutshintsha kwimali yokuqala) kunye nentengiso yesibini (iinguqu ezicetyiweyo). Isitulo sekomiti silawula le nkqubo, siqonda amalungu okuthetha, silawula kwimibuzo ye-procedture, kwaye siqinisekisa ukuba loo ngxoxo ihlala ilungelelanisiwe kwaye ifanelekile.

Inqaku elibalulekileyo lomgaqo-nkqubo: IiKomiti aziwatshintshi amaxwebhu asematyala eziwaphawule ``i-intesteste', iikomiti zivota kwii-asethi ezithe amalungu azo afuna ukuncomela ukuba iNdlu ithathwe xa iNdlu iqwalasela ityala elisemazantsi. Oku kuthetha ukuba umsebenzi wekomiti usebenza ngobuchule, nangona kusenziwa, igumbi elipheleleyo lidla ngokwamkela uncomelo lwamalungu ekomiti.

Ukunika ingxelo ngeBhili engaphandle kweKomiti

Ikomiti inganika ingxelo yemali yokubuyisela kwiNdlu ngaphandle kokulungisa, ngokulungisa okuninzi, okanye ngokulungisa okuthile kohlobo lwesithathi-nxaxheba esifuna ukubuyisela wonke umbhalo wetyala. Ukutshintshwa kohlobo lomxhasi kubaluleke kakhulu kuba ivumela ikomiti ukuba inike inguqulelo ebhalwe phantsi ngokupheleleyo yomthetho obonisa ugwebo lweqela elikwindlela engcono yokusingatha loo mbandela.

Ikomiti iqukumbela unyulo kungengokuvota kulo mthetho uphela, kodwa ngokuvota kwintshukumo yokuyalela ukuba ityala lixelwe kwiNdlu kunye nezindululo ezivunyiweyo yikomiti, kwaye inkoliso yekomiti kufuneka ibekho xa le nvwooti yokugqibela isenzeka. Le ngxelo izakuchongwa ibaluleke kakhulu, imele icebiso elisesikweni lekomiti legumbi elipheleleyo ukuba liqwalasele umthetho.

Emva kokuvota ukuchaza ityala, abasebenzi bekomiti balungiselela ingxelo ebhaliweyo yekomiti. Abasebenzi bekomiti babhala ingxelo yetyala, bechaza injongo yomthetho, imbali yowiso-mthetho (njengokuva kwikomiti), impembelelo kwimithetho ekhoyo neenkqubo, kunye nendawo yamalungu amaninzi ekomiti. Le ngxelo iba luxwebhu olubalulekileyo lokuqonda iinjongo zentlanganiso kwaye ingacatshulwa ziinkundla, abameli, kunye neeBhunga zexesha elizayo xa kutolikwa umthetho.

Ukujongana nomgangatho: Ingxoxo kwiZiko

Xa ikomiti inikela ingxelo elungileyo yetyala, isiya kumgangatho wegumbi apho yaziswa khona ukuze kuqwalaselwe onke amalungu. USomlomo weNdlu kunye neNkokeli yeMajor yeNdlu yeeNdlu yeeNtsimi igqiba ukuba ngaba ityala lifike na na phambi kwequmrhu elipheleleyo lendlu neBhunga leNtlanga, ngokulandelelana, ukwenzela ingxoxo kunye nokulungisa kwaza kwathi kwangoko kwangena inxalenye yokugqibela. Eli gunya lokucwangcisa linika impembelelo ebalulekileyo kwimpembelelo yokuba iindleko zemali zifumane ixesha lomgangatho kunye naxa ziqwalaselwa.

Ukwahluka Phakathi Kwezindlu Neenkqubo Zendlu Nezigxalaba

La magumbi mabini ngokusisiseko ayalingana kwiindima zawo zowiso-mthetho nemisebenzi yayo qha qha, kwaye kuphela yiNdlu yeNdlu yamaCandelo eqinisekisa ukumiswa komongameli kunye nezivumelwano ezivunyiweyo, kodwa ukumiswa komthetho kusoloko kufuna ukuba omabini amagumbi avumelane ngokwahlukeneyo kwisivumelwano esinye phambi kokuba asinike uMongameli. Nangona oku kulingana, amagumbi amabini asebenza ngokwahlukileyo.

Jikelele, imithetho nezenzo zendlu zivumela uninzi lwamanani ukuba luqhube umthetho ngokukhawuleza. Indlu, enamalungu ayo angama-435, ifuna iinkqubo ezilungelelene ngakumbi ukuze isebenze kakuhle. IKomiti yeNdlu Yemithetho idlala indima enamandla ngokumisela "imithetho ekhethekileyo" elawula indlela iza kuxutyushwa ngayo iindleko ezithile zemali, ukumisela ukuba ziziphi izilungisi-zinganikwa, kunye nokuseka indlela yokuqwalasela.

Imithetho yeCathenal kunye nenkqubo, kwelinye icala, ukucetyiswa kwesenzo esikhawulezayo, njengoko inika abaququzeleli ababalulekileyo abanobuchule bokuxhathisa. Ubungakanani obuncinci (100 lamalungu) kunye nezithethe zengxoxo ebanzi zithetha ukuba abaququzeleli ngabanye banamandla angakumbi okuphembelela okanye okulibazisa umthetho. Inkqubo evumela abaququzeleli boqhagamshelwano ukuba bandise ingxoxo ngokungenasiphelo ngaphandle kokuba ama-60 ee-sentenario avota ukuyiphelisa.

Inkqubo Yokuphikisana Nokuhlaziywa

Ngexesha lokuqwalasela umgangatho, amalungu aphikisana ngeenzuzo zomthetho. Abaxhasi bachaza isizathu sokuba ityala lifuneka, iingxaki elizicombululayo, neengenelo eliya kuzinika. Abachasi bachaza inkxalabo yabo, nokuba ingendlela yokuqhuba ityala, iindleko zalo, iziphumo zalo ezingacwangciswanga, okanye iinjongo zalo eziphantsi kwemigaqo. Le ngxoxo kawonke-wonke ifeza iinjongo ezininzi: ifundisa amalungu ngomthetho, yenza ingxelo yenjongo yokuqulungela, kwaye ivumela uwonke wonke ukuba ubone izikhundla zabameli bawo.

Amalungu anganika ulungiso ngexesha lokuqwalasela umgangatho, nangona imithetho elawula ukulungiswa kwemiqathango yomgangatho ingafani kakhulu phakathi kwamagumbi. Endlwini, umthetho okhethekileyo wemali ochaza ukuba ziziphi iinguquko ezifanelekileyo. KwiBhunga leNtsimbi, abaququzeleli badla ngokuba namalungelo aphangaleleyo okunikezela ngezilungiso, nangona ezo ziphelo kufuneka zibonakale ngokulinganayo kwimali ephantsi.

If the bill passes by simple majority (218 of 435), the bill moves to the Senate. In the Senate, most legislation requires a simple majority (51 votes) to pass, though some matters require supermajorities. The Vice President of the United States serves as President of the Senate and can cast a tie-breaking vote if the Senate is evenly divided.

Ukuhamba Phakathi Kwamacandelo: Inkqubo Yebhankaral

Ukuba ityala lidlula elinye iqumrhu leBhunga, lisiya kwelinye iqumrhu ukuze liqhubeke kwinkqubo efanayo yophando, ingxubusho, iinguqu, kunye nokuvota. Le nkqubo ye-bimeral. Ifuna imvume esuka kuzo zombini iigumbi(iimpawu ezisisiseko zenkqubo yowiso-mthetho wase-U.S., eyenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ngokucokisekileyo nokuthintela ukusetyenziswa komthetho ngokungxama.

Xa irejista ifika kwigumbi lesibini, ayihambi ngqo kwivoti. Endaweni yoko, ilandela indlela efanayo njengegumbi lokuqala: i-axisteral kwikomiti, ukuva okunokwenzeka, ukunyusa, ingxelo yekomiti, kunye nokuqwalasela umgangatho. Igumbi lesibini lingayamkela imali kanye njengoko idluliswa ligumbi lokuqala, kodwa ngokuqhelekeneyo yenza utshintsho oluncinci, ngamanye amaxesha lulungiso olubalulekileyo lwenkqubo.

Ukucombulula Umahluko: IKomiti YeNgqungquthela

Xa iziqu zombini zivota ukwamkela ityala, kufuneka zikhuphe naluphina umahluko phakathi kweenguqulelo ezimbini. Xa umahluko uncinane, igumbi elidlulise ireyithingi kuqala lingavota nje ukwamkela utshintsho lwegumbi lesibini. Ngoko, xa iinguqulelo ezimbini zingafani ngokuphawulekayo, kufuneka inkqubo ecwangcisiweyo.

Xa iNdlu kunye neNdlu yeeNdlu yeeNdlu kunye neNdlu yeeNtsimbi zemali ziqulathe iimvo ezininzi, ikomiti yenkomfa imiselwa ngokusemthethweni ukuxolelanisa umahluko phakathi kweentlobo ezimbini kwisivumelwano esinye. Iikomiti zeNgqungquthela ziikomiti zexeshana ezinamagumbi ahlangeneyo, ngokuqhelekileyo kuquka amalungu aphezulu ekomiti ezaziwuqwalasela lo mthetho ekuqaleni.

Ukuba aba banikeli-mbutho abakwazi ukufikelela kwisivumelwano, umthetho uyafa, kodwa ukuba kufikelelwe isivumelwano, ingxelo yenkomfa ilungiselelwe ukuchaza iingcebiso zamalungu ekomiti zotshintsho, kwaye iNdlu kunye neNdlu yeNdlu yeNtlanganiso kufuneka ivume ingxelo yengqungquthela. Le ngxelo yengqungquthela imela ukulalanisa phakathi kwezikhundla zamagumbi amabini kwaye ayinakulungiswa ngokutshayelelwa okanye ngokuhla kufuneka ivote okanye ibekwe phantsi njengepakethi.

Ulwalaniso lokugqibela luqukiwe kwiNgxelo yeNgqungquthela evumelaniswe nala magumbi omabini ngaphambi kokuba kucaciswe ukuqwalaselwa komongameli, kwaye iNkomfa iya kucebisa ukuba kubekho uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lomlinganiselo wokufumana imvume kwaye iya kubandakanya iingxelo zenjongo yowiso-mthetho malunga neenjongo zomthetho kwiNgxelo yoMgaqo-siseko oQhagathileyo weNgqungquthela. La magqabaza enjongo anokubaluleka ekuqondeni oko intsingiselo yeBhunga elithile kwaye anokucaciswa kwiinkcazelo ezingo zomthetho zexesha elizayo.

Inyathelo Lobuongameli: Inyathelo Lokugqibela

Emva kokuba ingxelo yenkomfa ivunyiwe yiNdlu kunye neNdlu yeeNdlu yeeNtlanganiso, umthetho wokugqibela uthunyelwa kuMongameli, kwaye ukuba uMongameli uyawuvumela umthetho, uyawutyobela kwaye ube ngumthetho. Utyikityo lukaMongameli linyathelo lokugqibela kwinkqubo eqhelekileyo yomthetho, ukuguqula ityala libe ngummiselo onyanzelekileyo.

Noko ke, uMongameli uneendlela ezininzi xa enikwe ityala, yaye aziphumeleli zonke ekubeni liyilwe umthetho.

Ekunokukhethwa kuko koMongameli

Ukubonakalisa iBhili: Ukuba uMongameli uyawuvumela umthetho, uyatyikitywa kwaye ube ngumthetho. UMongameli udla ngokubonakalisa umthetho obalulekileyo kwimibhiyozo kawonke-wonke, ngokufuthi engqongwe ngamalungu eBhunga axhasa irejista nabagcini-tyala abaza kuchaphazeleka yiyo. Le mibhiyozo yokutyikitya ibala inkqubo yolawulo kwaye inika ityala kwabo basebenza kumthetho.

[[NTLT:0] Enza Okungathathi Nto: Ukuba uMongameli akathathi nyathelo iintsuku ezilishumi xa iBhunga liseqesheni, ityala lizenzekela ukuba libe ngumthetho. Oku kuvumela ukuba umthetho ube ngaphandle kogunyaziso olucacileyo lukaMongameli . Mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba uMongameli uthandabuza malunga nomthetho kodwa akawuchasi ngokwaneleyo ukuba awuphezele, okanye ngenxa yokuba uMongameli ufuna ukuba umthetho ube ngaphandle kokuwubhengeza umsitho wokutyikityo.

Ukuphakamisa iBhili: Ukuba uMongameli uphikisa ireyithi, bangawubeka kwimali. Aveto kukuchaswa okusemthethweni komthetho. Xa uMongameli enika irekhothi, ibuyiselwa kwiBhunga ngesigidimi esichaza ukuphikisa. Amandla eveto anika uMongameli impembelelo ebalulekileyo kumthetho kwaye asebenza njengovavanyo olubalulekileyo kumandla ombutho.

iPocket Veto: Ukongeza, ukuba akukho senzo sithatyathwayo seentsuku ezilishumi kwaye iKhomishini igqibile, kukho i "impompo encinci". Eli nyathelo libizwa ngokuba yiveto, kwaye ayinakungavunyelwa yiKhonkxale. Ingxowa iveto luhlobo olukhethekileyo lweveto oluthi luthi xa iNgqungquthela ithumela isisombululo kuMongameli kufuphi nesiphelo sentlanganiso kwaye emva koko i-amourns phambi kosuku olulishumi lokuphelelwa. Ngenxa yokuba iBhungasethi ayikho kwintlanganiso ukuze ifumane umyalezo oya kuleyo, umthetho awukwazi ukuba ngumthetho.

Ukukhwelisa iVito EnguMongameli

I-veto engumongameli ayisosiphelo sohambo lwetyala. Ukuba uMongameli ususe umthetho, iBhunga lingazama ukuvala iveto, kwaye ukuba iCanternel neNdlu idlulisa ityala ngobuninzi obubini obuyi 350, iveto inikwe igunya, kwaye ityala liba ngumthetho. Le mithetho ifuna i-majorty e-*67 iivoti kwiNdlu yendlu kwaye 290 ikhupha i-vhoti yendlu inqabile, kodwa iyenzeka xa umthetho unenkxaso enamandla ye-bipartis.

Inkqubo yeveto yokuzikhusela ibonisa umgaqo obalulekileyo wenkqubo yomgaqo-siseko waseMelika: ngoxa uMongameli enamandla abalulekileyo, ekugqibeleni uMbutho unegunya lokumisela umthetho ongaphezulu kokungafuni kulawulo lomongameli ukuba uyakwazi ukuquluqela inkxaso eyaneleyo. Olu hlolisiso kumandla omongameli lunceda ukulondoloza ulungelelwano phakathi kwamasebe owiso-mthetho kunye negunya.

Indima kaMongameli Kwinkqubo Yomthetho

Ngoxa iBhunga linegunya lomgaqo-siseko lokwenza imithetho, uMongameli udlala indima ebalulekileyo kuyo yonke inkqubo yowiso-mthetho, hayi ekupheleni. Ngoxa i-injini yeengcamango zowiso-mthetho nezenzo ziyiNgqungquthela ngokwayo, uMongameli uphembelela inkqubo yowiso-mthetho, kwaye uMongameli uncomela uqingqo-mali lwaminyaka le kumaqumrhu karhulumente yaye usoloko ecebisa umthetho.

Abalawuli basoloko becebisa ngemimiselo yowiso-mthetho, bechaza izinto eziza kuqala kwiSizwe samaSizwe seedilesi ze-Union nezinye iintetho. Amagosa olawulo asebenza namalungu eBhunga ukuze enze izicelo ezibonisa iinjongo zoMongameli. Ukhokelo lweqela loMongameli kwiBhunga lusoloko lusebenza ukuqhubekisela phambili izinto eziphambili zolawulo lwemithetho-mthetho, nangona iBhunga lizigcina zizimele kwaye lingazilungisa, lingazichasa, okanye lingazihoyi iingcebiso zomongameli.

Mhlawumbi ngokubaluleke ngakumbi, amandla okulawula umthetho weveto angachaphazela okuqulathwe kwityala elidluliswa yiBhunga, kwaye ekubeni kuyinto engaqhelekanga ukuba umthetho ubekwe phezu kweveto, iBhunga kufuneka likwazi ukuhlalisa isikhundla somongameli kwiinkqubo ezicetyisiweyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kwanaphambi kokuba irejista yemali ifike kwidesika kaMongameli, iinkokeli zengqungquthela zisoloko zithethana neNdlu emhlophe ukuqinisekisa ukuba umthetho uya kwamkeleka kuMongameli, okanye ubuncinane ukuba awuvumi ukuvusa i-veto.

Ukujongana Neenkcukacha Ezikhethekileyo:

Ngeli xesha inkoliso yomthetho ilandela inkqubo echazwe ngasentla, iintlawulo zemali ezihlawulwayo ngezantsi qha, ezinika inkxaso-mali yemisebenzi karhulumente kunye neenkqubo, ezineempawu ezithile ezingaqhelekanga. Imali yokuhlawula irhafu ibhaliswe ziiKomiti zeNdlu neNdlu yeeMpatho. UmGaqo-siseko ufuna ukuba ingeniso yengeniso ivele kwiNdlu yabameli, inika elo gumbi indima ekhethekileyo kumthetho wecawa.

Kweli nqanaba, amatyala entengiso asoloko edityaniswe kwimithwalo emikhulu, ebizwa ngokuba yi "amnibus" yephepha. Kunokuba idlulise ishumi elinesibini lamatyala ahlukeneyo eendleko kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo karhulumente, iKhomishini isoloko idibanisa iindleko ezininzi ezichithekileyo kwiceba elinye elikhulu lomthetho. La matyala e-omnionbus anokuba ngamawaka amaphepha ubude kwaye axhasa urhulumente wonke worhulumente ngonyaka wesingxinaniso.

Ukuba iKhomishini ayinakugqithisa izicelo okanye amatyala ebhuzi, bangagqithisa umlinganiselo wemali yexeshana, "Isigqibo semali enikwayo", ukunyusa iqondo langoku lemali ukunqanda ukuvalwa komsebenzi karhulumente. Izigqibo eziqhubekayo zimisa amanyathelo okugcina urhulumente esebenza xa iBhunga lingawugqibi inkqubo yokusebenza rhoqo ekuqaleni konyaka we-fiscal (October 1). Ngexa kucetyiswe ukuba asebenze njengesicombululo sexeshana, izisombululo eziqhubekayo ziqhelekile kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje.

Ukungaqiniseki kweNkqubo yoMthetho

Ngeli xesha eli nqaku lichaza indlela esezantsi ethatha ibhanki ukuba ibe ngumthetho, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba inkqubo ekhoyo isoloko intsonkothile kwaye ingaqondakali. Inkqubo apho ityala liba ngumthetho inqabile ukuthelekelelwa kwaye ingahluka kakhulu ukusuka kwimali-mali ukuya kwenye, kwaye, kwiintlawulo ezininzi, inkqubo ayizukulandela ukulandela ukulandelana kwamaqonga adla ngokuqondwa ukwenza inkqubo yemithetho-mthetho.

IiBhili zingalungiswa kakhulu nakweliphi na iqonga, zidityaniswe nezinye iindleko, zahlulwe zangamatyala amaninzi, okanye zincanyathiselwe njengolungiso lomthetho ongahambelaniyo. Iinkokeli zeqela zingathethana ngolwaphulo emva kweminyango evaliweyo phambi kokuzisa umthetho phantsi. Imigaqo yokusebenza inokukhawulezisa okanye ithothe ingqwalasela. Iziganeko zangaphandle ``Umbane, iingozi, uxinzelelo lukawonke-wonke-"ukunyusa okanye ukutshabalalisa amathemba emalini.

Ezinye iindleko zihamba iintsuku ezimbalwa, ingakumbi xa kusenziwa izinto ezingxamisekileyo okanye xa kukho ukuvumelana okubanzi. Ezinye zityhafile iminyaka emininzi, ziphinde zifakwe kwiiBhunga ezininzi ngaphambi kokuba zibe ngumthetho ekugqibeleni. Kanti ezinye zidlula igumbi elinye ngokuphindaphindiweyo kodwa zingahambi phambili kwelinye igumbi. Inkoliso yamatyala aziswa kwiBhunga-mthetho ayize ibe ngumthetho konke konke.

Isizathu Sokuba Kubaluleke Ukuba Abantu Abasebenzisa Izakhono Baqonde Le Nto

Ukuqonda indlela ekwenziwa ngayo imithetho inike amandla abavoti ngeendlela ezininzi ezibalulekileyo. Okokuqala, kukunceda ukuba ulandele umthetho onemibandela kuwe. Ngokuyazi ukuba ityala liphi kwinkqubo, ungalindela ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kwakhona uze uchaze amathuba okuphembelela isiphumo. Ingaba ingumthetho okwikomiti? Lixesha elinje lokuqhagamshelana namalungu ekomiti. Ingaba libhekisa kumgangatho? Lungela kummeli wakho okanye umlamli phambi kovoti.

Okwesibini, ukuqonda inkqubo kukunceda uvavanye umsebenzi wamagosa akho anyuliweyo. Xa ummeli esithi unconywa ngetyala, ungahlola ukuba babengabaxhasi, ikhokeli, okanye ngokulula. Xa umphathi-khaya esithi bachasa umthetho, ungabona ukuba bavote ngokuchasene nawo kwikomiti, banikele ulungiso lokuyitshintsha, okanye bathethe ngokuchasene nayo. Olu lwazi lukunceda ukuba uhlole enoba abameli bakho bahambisela phambili ngokuphumelelayo kusini na izinto zakho eziza kuqala.

Okwesithathu, ukwazi indlela ekwenziwa ngayo imithetho kutyhila iingongoma ezininzi apho abemi banokuthatha inxaxheba khona. Ungaqhagamshelana nabameli bakho ukuze ucebise umthetho, ungqine kwiikomiti, ubhale amagqabaza, udibane namalungu abasebenzi, uthelele imibutho ekhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, okanye uthabathe inxaxheba kumaphulo okuchola. Idemokhrasi ayithethi nje ngokuvota rhoqo kwiminyaka embalwa.

Okwesine, ukuqonda inkqubo yowiso-mthetho kukunceda uqonde ukuntsonkotha kolawulo. Kulula ukudimazeka xa iKhomishini ibonakala icotha okanye iqiniswe, kodwa isantya samabom sibonisa indlela esenziwe ngayo inkqubo. Amaqondo amaninzi, imfuneko yokuvunywa kwe-bidamaral, ukunokwenzeka kwe-veto/zonke ezi mpawu zicetyiswe ukuqinisekisa ukuba imithetho iqwalaselwe ngenyameko, ukuba iimbono ezahlukeneyo ziyaviwa, kwaye iingcinga ezikhawulezayo okanye iingcebiso ezingalunganga aziwuniki mthetho onyanzelelayo.

Indlela Abahlali Abanokuba Nenxaxheba Ngayo Kwinkqubo Yomthetho

Nazi ezinye iindlela ezisebenzayo zokuva ilizwi lakho:

Amalungu eKhomishini Yakho: Anikela ingqalelo kuthungelwano oluhlanganeyo. Iminxeba, ii-imeyili, iileta, kunye neentlanganiso ezi-okanye nabameli okanye abasebenzi babo banokuphembelela indlela abavota ngayo okanye iimbambano abazibeka phambili ngayo. Yiba nentsingiselo yoko ufuna bakwenze.

Ivavanywa kwi-Dimensions:[ iikomiti zeBhunga loMbutho ziququzelela iimvo zomthetho ohleliyo kwaye zimema amangqina ukuba anikele ubungqina. Ngoxa iindlebe ze-propati eziphezulu zinika ubungqina boonobhala-zincwadi nabameli be-template, iindlebe ezininzi ziquka ubungqina obuvela kubemi abaqhelekileyo abachatshazelwa ngumthetho. Qhagamshelana nekomiti ukucela malunga namathuba okunikela ubungqina obubhaliweyo.

I-Iat Advocations:[ Imibutho ejolise kwimibandela ethile", ukhuseleko olungokwesithethe, amalungelo abantu, ubuchule bempilo, imfundo, izilangazelelo zoshishino, ulawulo lwabaxhasi, kunye neBhunga elikhuthazayo. Ukudibanisa le mibutho kunika ilizwi lakho amandla kwaye kukugcina wazi ngenkqubela-phambili yemithetho-siseko.

IiHolo ze-Attend Town: Amalungu amaninzi eKhompisi aqhuba iintlanganiso zeholo yedolophu kwisithili sawo apho abaxhasi banokubuza imibuzo baze bachaze iimbono zabo. Ezi ziganeko zinika abameli bakho ithuba elingqalileyo lokufikelela kwaye zibonise umdla woluntu kwimiba ethile.

Sebenzisa imithombo yezentlalo: Amalungu eKhomishini agcina ubukho obusebenzayo boluntu kunye nokujonga iimvakalelo ezikhoyo kwi-intanethi. Amagqabaza kawonke-wonke kwiindawo zawo, ii-odokisi eziwakhankanyayo, kunye namaphulo acwangcisiweyo onxibelelwano angatsalela ingqalelo kwimiba kwaye abonise ububanzi benkxaso kawonke-wonke okanye inkcaso.

Iquka Abanye:[ ulwazi malunga nomthetho othe gqi nabahlobo, intsapho, kunye namalungu oluntu. Okukhona abantu abaninzi beyiqonda imbambano kwaye beqhagamshelana nabameli babo, kokukhona iBhunga lithatha inyathelo.

Iinkqubo zoMthetho woMgaqo-siseko weMgaqo-nkqubo weMgaqo-nkqubo

Ngeli xesha eli nqaku libhekisa kwinkqubo yowiso-mthetho karhulumente, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba izindlu zowiso-mthetho zikarhulumente kunye noorhulumente basekuhlaleni benza imithetho echaphazela ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla ngokuphawulekayo. Iindlu zowiso-mthetho zikarhulumente zilandela iinkqubo ezifanayo ne-Congress(_bills ziyaziswa, zibhekiswe kwiikomiti, ziphikisana, kwaye zivotelwe ngo-/kodwa iinkqubo ezizizo ezahluka-hlukeneyo ngokorhulumente.

Amanye amaphondo anezindlu zowiso-mthetho ezidibana unyaka wonke, lo gama amanye eneendlu zowiso-mthetho zexesha ezidibana nje iinyanga ezimbalwa ngonyaka. Amanye amazwe avumela abemi ukuba bamisele imithetho ngokuthe ngqo ngamanyathelo okufaka ibhola, bagqithe indlu yowiso-mthetho ngokupheleleyo. Amanye anemida yemithetho, lo gama amanye engayamkeli. Ukuqonda inkqubo engqalileyo karhulumente wakho kubalulekile kanye njengokuqonda inkqubo karhulumente.

Oorhulumente basekuhlaleni (_ii-ofisi, izikolo, iibhodi zesikolo , zenza nemithetho echaphazela wena ngqo, ukusuka kwimithetho ebekwayo ukuya kwizifundo zesikolo ukuya kumlinganiselo werhafu yasekuhlaleni. Le mibutho iqhele ukuba neenkqubo ezifikelelekayo kunemithetho-siseko yorhulumente okanye yendlu yowiso-mthetho, enamathuba okuphendula esidlangalaleni kwiintlanganiso namathuba okuba nenxaxheba ngokuthe ngqo kummi. Ukubandakanyeka kumgangatho wasekuhlaleni kungayindlela entle kakhulu yokufunda ngenkqubo yowiso-mthetho kwaye wenze umahluko ocacileyo kwingingqi yenu.

Iimbono Eziqhelekileyo Eziphosakeleyo Ngenkqubo Yomthetho

Ukwenziwa kwe Misc: Umthetho uba ngumthetho ngokukhawuleza xa udlula kwiNgqungquthela. Inyaniso: Emva kokudlula omabini amagumbi, umthetho kufuneka utyikitywe nguMongameli (okanye ube ngumthetho ngenye yeminye imigaqo echazwe ngasentla). UMongameli angawubuyisela umthetho, awuthumele kwiBhunga.

Intetho: Onke amalungu eKhomishini avota kuyo yonke imali. Inyaniso: Amatyala amaninzi awaze aphume kwikomiti yaye akaze afumane ivoti yomgangatho. Kwaneendleko ezifikelelayo kumgangatho zisenokungafumani zivoti kuwo onke amalungu `amanye amalungu asenokungahambi, kwaye kwiNdlu, ezinye iivoti ziqhutywa ngelizwi okanye ngecandelo kunokuba zitsalwe.

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Misc: Inkqubo yowiso-mthetho ikhawulezisa. Inyaniso: Umthetho omninzi uthatha iinyanga okanye iminyaka ukuba ube ngumthetho, ukuba uba ngumthetho konke konke. Kwaneendleko ezixhaswa ngokubanzi zidla ngokufuna uxoxiso olunzulu kunye nolalanisa phambi kokuba bagqithe kumagumbi omabini kwaye bafumane imvume yobumongameli.

I-Miscs: Abemi ngabanye abanakuyiphembelela inkqubo. Inyaniso: Amalungu eBhunga ayasabela kwigalelo eliyiliweyo, ingakumbi xa ii-Process ezininzi zichaza iimbono ezifanayo. Amaphulo okulawula alungelelanisiweyo aphembele ngempumelelo iziphumo zemithetho-siseko ezingenakubalwa.

Ukwenziwa kwentengiso: Xa umthetho ugqithisiwe, ngummiselo osisigxina. Inyaniso: Imithetho ingalungiswa okanye ilungiswe kwakhona ziiKhompathimenti ezilandelayo. Inkqubo yowiso-mthetho iyaqhubeka, kunye neNgqungquthela iphinda iphinde ibuye ifumane imithetho ekhoyo ephendula kwiimeko ezitshintshayo kunye nezinto eziza kuqala.

Imithombo yokufumana imiyalelo

Kukho oovimba abambalwa abalungileyo kubemi abafuna ukulandelela umthetho baze bahlale benolwazi malunga nenkqubo yowiso-mthetho:

.Gov.gov: I-website esemthethweni ye-U.S. inika ulwazi olubanzi malunga nomthetho wesizwe, kuquka umbhalo wetyala, isimo, iingxelo zokuvota, iingxelo zekomiti, kunye neSikhundla seKhompola-siseko. Ngumthombo onegunya kakhulu ekulandeleni umthetho karhulumente. Ukutyelela .

[ Iwebhsayithi zeKomiti ePhakamileyo: Ikomiti nganye yeNdlu neNdlu yeNtlanganiso igcina eyayo iwebhsayithi inenkcazelo ephathelele ukuva, ukunyusa, kunye nomthetho okhoyo phakathi kolawulo lwayo. Ezi ndawo zidla ngokuquka iirekhodi zokuva, ubungqina, kunye neengxelo zeekomiti.

C-SPAN:[ Inethwekhi yemibuzo kawonke-wonke yeCIT inika ingxubusho ephilayo yeNdlu neNdlu yeCan, ukuchongwa kweekomiti, nezinye iziganeko zombutho. Iwebhsayithi yeC-SPAN ikwayi-oovimba abagqithileyo, bekwenza kube lula ukubukela iziganeko oziphosileyo.

[[[FLT: 0] Iingxelo zophando lonikezelo-lwazi olukwiNkcubeko: ICRS ivelisa iingxelo ezingenaparatisn kwimiba yenkqubo neenkqubo zowiso-mthetho zamalungu eBhunga. Ngelixesha ezi ngxelo zilungiselelwe iCongress, ezininzi zifumaneka ekuhleni ngeewebhsayithi ezinjenge Zonke ii-CRP.com

IGovTrack: Le webhsayithi ezimeleyo ivumela umthetho wesizwe kwaye yenza kube lula ukuqonda ngokushwankathela, amanani, kunye nezixhobo zokulandelela. Iluncedo kakhulu ekucwangciseni izilumkiso malunga neendleko ezithile okanye imixholo.

Amalungu oMmeli Wakho we-website: Agcina ii-website ezisemthethweni ezinenkcazelo engobume bazo, iirekhodi zokuvota, kunye nemithetho ephambili. Ezi ndawo zisoloko ziquka izixhobo zokunxibelelana ne-ofisi nokutyikitya iposi.

Ukubaluleka Kokubandakanyeka Kwisityalo Secapuca

Ukuqonda inkqubo yokwenza umthetho kungaphezulu kunokuzilolonga nje kwemfundo, yilungu elisisiseko lobumi obusebenzayo. Idemokhrasi ifuna ulwazi, idipocracy ifuna abemi abaqonda indlela urhulumente wabo asebenza ngayo baze bathathe inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokwenza inkqubo. Xa abemi beyiqonda indlela ekwenziwa ngayo imithetho, banokuyixhasa ngokunempumelelo ngakumbi imibango yabo, bagcine abameli babo benoxanduva, kwaye banikele kwinkqubo yedemokhrasi.

Inkqubo yowiso-mthetho, kunye nayo yonke intsonkothe yayo kunye nokucinga kwayo, ibonisa amaxabiso edemokhrasi esiseko somgaqo: umelo, ucwangciso, ukulungelelanisa, kunye nokukhangela kunye nolungelelwaniso. Ngeli xesha inkqubo ingadimazisa/ithe shwaka, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ibonakale ingasebenzi kakuhle ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimbono ezahlukeneyo ziyaviwa, ezo zicelo ziqwalaselwa ngenyameko, kwaye okokuba imithetho ibonisa ukuvumelana okubanzi kunokuba kubonakale iminqweno encinane.

Umvoti ngamnye unesithintelo kwinkqubo yowiso-mthetho. Imithetho yeBhunga ichaphazela phantse zonke iinkalo zobomi bethu − ukusuka emoyeni esiwuphefumlayo kunye nokutya esikudlayo kwirhafu esiyihlawulayo namalungelo esinawo. Ngokuqonda indlela le mithetho eyenziwe ngayo, unokuba nenxaxheba ngokunempumelelo ngakumbi ekuzibumbeni.

Nokuba unomdla kukhuseleko lwemeko-bume, inkqubo yezoqoqosho, amalungelo asekuhlaleni, unyango, imfundo, ukhuseleko lobuzwe, okanye nawuphi na omnye umrhumo, ukuqonda inkqubo yowiso-mthetho kuyakunceda uqhubele phambili izinto zakho eziza kuqala. Uzakwazi ukuba ufuna ukuqhagamshelana nabameli bakho, ukuba ucele ukuba benze ntoni, nokuba ujonge njani ukusebenza kwabo. Uzakwazi ukufanisa amaqabane kunye nabachasi, ukuqonda imiqobo yendalo, nokuqaphela amathuba okuhambela phambili.

Isiphelo: Ukuba ngummi okunikwa amandla ngokuqonda

Uhambo olusuka kwingcamango ukuya kumthetho luntsonkothile, lubandakanya amaqondo amaninzi, abadlali abaninzi, kunye namathuba amaninzi okungeniswa, ukuhlaziywa, kunye nokucazululwa. IiBhili kufuneka zikhangele ikomiti, ingxoxo yomgangatho, i-bimeral, kunye nenyathelo lomongameli ngaphambi kokuba zibe ngumthetho. Kwinqanaba ngalinye, izicelo zinokulungiswa, zilibaziseke, okanye zohlulwe. Le nkqubo ingcaciso ibonakalisa injongo yabaseki yokuyila idemokhrasi ekwandiswa kuyo imithetho eqwalaselwe ngocoselelo kwaye ixhaswe ngokuphakileyo.

Kuvoti, ukuqonda le nkqubo kubalulekile. Ibonisa indlela abameli bakho abalisebenzisa ngayo ixesha labo kwaye basebenzise amandla abo. Ikubonisa apho ungenza khona ukuba ilizwi lakho liveke kakuhle. Ikunceda ukuba wahlule phakathi kwezimbo zomfuziselo nesenzo sokomfuziselo. Ikunceda ukuba ukwazi ukuvavanya ukuba ngabameli bakho baphumeza ngokunempumelelo izinto eziza kuqala okanye banikela ingxengxezo nje yokungenzi nto.

Inkqubo yowiso-mthetho asingomdlalo wababukeli .Inkqubo yokuzibandakanya exhomekeke ekuthembiseni ummi. Amalungu eKhomishini asabela kwigalelo eliququzelelweyo kuba efuna ukuphinda akhethwe, kwaye ayazi ukuba amaqela athenjiswe imvume anikela ingqalelo kumavoti nakwizenzo zawo. Ngokuqonda indlela imithetho enziwe ngayo, uba ngummeli ophumelelayo wezilangazelelo zakho kunye nomntu onolwazi olungakumbi kwidemokhrasi.

Njengoko ulandela umthetho obalulekileyo kuwe, khumbula ukuba le nkqubo yenzelwe ukuba ibe ngabom kunokuba ikhawuleze, ithande ukuvumelana ngezizathu ezimxinwa, nokunika amathuba amaninzi okungeniswa nokuzihlaziya. Nangona oku kunganekudimaza xa unomdla kwimbambano, ikwanika ukhuseleko kwimithetho engxameleyo okanye engaqwalaselwanga kakuhle. Inkqubo isebenza kakuhle xa abemi beyiqonda kwaye bethelela kuyo.

Zinike ixesha lokulandela umthetho kwimiba onomdla kuyo. Xhumana nabameli bakho uze ubazise iimbono zakho. Hlanganisa ekuphulaphuleni nakwieholo zedolophu. Thelekisa imibutho yobugxwayiba. Fundisa abanye ngemibandela ebalulekileyo. Qonda kwimiba yonke. Kunyulo nganye, hayi nje unyulo lomongameli kuphela . "ixeshana elifutshane" kunye nonyulo oluphambili lusoloko lunethuba eliphantsi kodwa lunokuba luneziphumo ezilandelayo zenkqubo.

Idemokhrasi asiyonkqubo yokungasebenzeli apho abemi bakhetha nje iinkokeli baze balinde ukubona oko kwenzekayo. Yinkqubo esebenzayo efuna ukuthelekisa ngokuqhubekayo, ukuthatha inxaxheba ngolwazi, nokuzingisa ngokuzingisileyo. Ngokuqonda indlela ekwenziwa ngayo imithetho, uzixhobisa ukuba ube ngummi ophumelelayo kwaye ufeze indima yakho ekuxoliseni imigaqo elawula ibutho lethu labantu. Le nkqubo ayincedi nto nje kuphela.