Ilitye eliqinileyo lokuzilawula: Ukubeka iliso njengendawo yokuphatha

Umjikelo wonyulo ngamnye, izigidi zabemi zisebenzisa ilungelo elilwelwayo nezifelwa zizizukulwana. Ukuncoma akulolungelo lobuqu; likhondo elithe ngqo nelinamandla abantu ababumba ngalo ulawulo olumanyeneyo lorhulumente wabo. Ulawulo-demokhrasi olunamandla luxhomekeke ekungeneleni okubanzi, ukuba nenxaxheba okunolwazi. Xa abantu bekhetha ukuvota, bayayiqinisekisa inkqubo kwaye baqinisekisa ukuba ibonisa ukuthanda kwabalawulwa. Ngokuchasene noko, xa igalelo liphela, isakhiwo sonke somelo siyaphelelwa. Ukuqonda isizathu sokuba imicimbi yokuvota kumele inyathelo lokuqala elihambisana nobukhulu bolawulo.

Eli nqaku lihlolisisa indima ebalulekileyo yokuvota, ukusetyenziswa kwembali enzima emva kwebhokisi yokuvota, iziphumo zokungalungisi, kunye neendlela ezisebenzisekayo zokukhulisa isithethe sokuthabatha inxaxheba ngokuzinzileyo. Ngokwandisa kula macala, sijolise ekuqiniseni ingcamango yokuba yonke ivoti ayilophawu nje elikuvota kodwa isithintelo sokwakha idemokhrasi esebenzayo. Ukubhekana nomo-mongo wesiseko sokuthatha inxaxheba, jongana noovimba abasuka ku .S. IKhomishini yokhetho.

Isizathu Sokuba Imbopheleleko Yesiphaluka Ichazwa

Imbopheleleko ye-Covic ibandakanya izenzo nesimo sengqondo sabemi esamkelekileyo ukuncedisa kwimpilo yabantu. Phakathi kwezo zinto, ukuvota kucacile ngenxa yokuba kuphenjelelwa ngqo ngabo banegunya nendlela elisetyenziswa ngayo. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iintlobo zokubotshwa kweso sivumelwano soluntu , njengokusebenza ngokuzithandela okanye ukuya kwiintlanganiso zasekuhlaleni, kuxhomekeke kwisiphumo esisemthethweni. Kumisela iinkokeli eziza kwenza izigqibo ngerhafu, izibonelelo, imfundo, ukunyamekela impilo, kunye nokhuseleko lwesizwe.

Xa abemi bekujonga ukuvota njengembopheleleko kunokuba bakhethe, badala isiqinisekiso sokuphendula ityala. Amagosa aqwalaselweyo ayazi ukuba kufuneka aphendule kunyulo, olukhuthaza iinkqubo ezinceda umdla kawonke-wonke. Olu lwalamano lungatshintshiyo phakathi kovoti nommeli luyintsebenziswa yolawulo lwedemokhrasi. Ngaphandle kokuba umvoti ozingisileyo, olo lwalamano lubuthathaka, kwaye urhulumente unokuzikhulula kubantu abalusebenzelayo.

Imfazwe Engokwembali Yokuzimela

Ilungelo lokuvota kwidemokhrasi ezininzi alizange linikwe jikelele ukususela ekuqaleni. Lavela kumashumi eminyaka ezenzo ezizingisileyo zobugxwayiba, amadabi angokwasemthethweni, kunye nemibutho yentlalo. Ukuqonda lembali kunceda abavoti baqonde ukuthoba kwedemokhrasi nokubaluleka kokuyikhusela.

Imiqathango Yangaphambili Neqela Elingangeni Mthethweni

Ngokomzekelo, eUnited States, umGaqo-siseko washiya iimfaneleko zokuvota okokuqala kumazwana, nto leyo eyayisithintela abamhlophe abanini bezinto. Abafazi babengenakuvota kumazwe amaninzi de kube ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20. Umbutho wamabhinqa oziphetheyo, ofikelela kwiNguqu ye1919, wawungumzabalazo omkhulu owawufuna ukungathobeli okukhulu kwemizi, ukukhuthaza, nemfundo kawonke-wonke. Iinkokeli ezifana noSusan B. Anthony noElizabeth Cady Stanton zachitha amashumi eminyaka ephikisa ukuba amabhinqa afanelwe lilizwi elifanayo ekulawuleni. Ulo lwawo lwabonisa ukuba utshintsho lwenkqubo yeli-19191919, lwalukho xa abemi belungele ukulungiselela iinjongo eziqhelekileyo.

UMthetho waMalungelo aBantwana

Kwanasemva kokuba amabhinqa efumene ivoti, izigidi zamaMerika aseAfrika zavunywa ngokulandelelana kokufikelela kwibhokisi yebhola encinane ngerhafu yokuvota, iimvavanyo zobuzwilakhe, kunye noloyiso lobundlobongela. Umbutho wamalungelo oluntu woo 1950 kunye no 1960 wazisa ingqalelo yesizwe kwezi zingekho sikweni. Iziganeko ze-Landmark enjenge-Selmal ukuya kuMontgomey zabalaselisa ukucinezelwa ngogonyamelo kwabamnyama. Kwimpendulo, iKhomishini yadlulisela umthetho owenzelwe ukunikezela ngomthetho we-Voting Rights (unigracla), owavala imigaqo yonyuso-mvote-mthetho, owanika ulawulo lwesizwe kwimbali yokurhoxilonga. Lo mthetho wandisa ngokuphawulekayo ukubhalisa nokuthatha inxaxheba phakathi kwabantu abambalwa. Ulwazi olubalulekileyo kulo mthetho lufumaneka kumthetho uMthetho weencwadi [Foct:1]

Ukwandisa Umlinganiselo Wobudala Nokuphazamiseka

Ngo-1971, uMphetho wama-26 wehlisa iminyaka yokuvota ibe yi18, iqonda ukuba ukuba abantu abaselula babebadala ngokwaneleyo ukuba bangenelwe emfazweni, babebadala ngokwaneleyo ukuba bavote. Oku kwandiswa kwaba kukuphendula okungqalileyo kwixesha lemfazwe yaseVietnam. Kamva, amaMerika aneMithetho yokungakhubazeki (1990) kunye nemithetho yephondo eyayalela ukuba kungenelwe iindawo zokuvota kunye noomatshini bokuvota, ukuqinisekisa ukuba abemi abaneziphene bangathatha inxaxheba ngokwabo. Ukwanda kombutho ngamnye wemfazwe yemfazwe yemfazwe yemfazwe kwafuna ukuzingisa ngokuzingisileyo, kwaye ngamnye uqinise umgaqo wokuba ummi ngamnye ufanele afumane ilizwi.

Imiphumo Yokuhamba Ngesantya Esiphantsi

Xa amaqela amakhulu abantu ekhetha ukungavoti, urhulumente ophumele iziphumo akameleli udidi olupheleleyo lwebutho labantu. Ukuphuma phantsi akusiso isiphumo sobundilele; ingumgaqo-nkqubo ophambili kwaye iphelisa ukuthembana kumaziko edemokhrasi.

Umelo oluguquguqukayo

Uphando oluqhubekayo lubonisa ukuba abangengobafundi badla ngokubonakala bebancinane, bengenayo ingeniso ephantsi, yaye benobuhlanga obahlukeneyo kunabavoti. Ngenxa yoko, amagosa anyuliweyo anokuziva ephantsi koxinzelelo lokuthetha ngeemfuno zaloo ntlalo. Umzekelo, imibandela efana nezindlu ezinokufikeleleka, isiqabu sabafundi, kunye nokuhlaziywa kwezolwaphulo-mthetho kungafumana ingqalelo encinane ukuba amaqela achaphazelekayo kukhetho. Oku kudala umjikelezo wokungavumelani: abo bafuna urhulumente baxhasa kakhulu abaninzi abanamava amazwi abo.

Ukuvela Kwempembelelo Ekhethekileyo Yomdla

Umvoti osezantsi wenza ikhamandela elisoloko ligcwaliswe ngamaqela anezimvo ezilungeleleneyo kunye nezityebi. Xa isiqwenga esincinane, esithe ngqo, sokhetho lonyulo, abaza kusingela eso siqwenga. Ipolicis ingathambekela kulwaphulo-mthetho lwenkampani, ulawulo, okanye ezinye izinto eziphambili zamaqela anciphileyo kunokuba zilunge kuluntu. Umsebenzi wedemokhrasi ungcono xa umnyusi uphangalala kwaye uqukiwe ngenxa yokuba loo mandla anyanzelela amaqela ahlukeneyo.

Ukuba Ngumgunyathi Okubuthathaka Nokungakhathali

Xa umvumi enyulwa liqaqobana labavoti abafanelekileyo, ulawulo lukarhulumente lubuthathaka. Oku kungakhuthaza ukugxeka kunye nengqiqo yokuba inkqubo ixhotyiswe. Abajongi abasezantsi banokuziva bengenangeniso, nto leyo ekhokelela ekungabi namdla ongakumbi. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kurhoxa kokholo kwinkqubo yonyulo kungayiphazamisa ngokwayo idemokhrasi, kunokwenza abemi babe sengozini ngakumbi kwi-populist irkic nenkqubo echasene nedemocratic ment. Ukuhlalutya okunzulu kwemikhwa yokujika, [[FLT:] iPrew uphando oluphezulu.

Izithintelo Zokuvelisa Imveliso Nezokuboyisa

Kwanabemi abavunyiweyo bangajamelana nemiqobo ebalulekileyo xa bezama ukuvota. Ukubona nokususa le miqobo kubalulekile ekunyuseni unyuso lwedemokhrasi nokwenza idemokhrasi idibesi idibene.

Ubhaliso lwezibonelelo

Kwimimandla emininzi, imiqathango yokubhalisa, iimfuno zokubhalisa, kunye neefomu ezintsonkothileyo zidimaza ukuthatha inxaxheba. Ukuvota okuzenzekelayo (AVR), ngoku okwamkelwa kumaphondo angaphezu kwama-20, kukhupha imiyalelo yenkqubo ngokubhalisa abemi abafanelekileyo ngenqwelo-mafutha okanye ngamasebe oncedo lukawonke-wonke. Olu tshintsho luye lwakhokelela kulwando oluphawulekayo kwixabiso lokubhaliswa. Ngaphezu koko, ukubhaliswa kosuku olunye kuvumela abavoti ukuba babhalise kwaye bavote ngomhla wonyulo, ukunciphisa ithuba lokuba ukurhoxiswa kommiselo ophosiweyo kuthintelwe ukuthatha inxaxheba.

Ukukwazi Ukufikelela Kwindawo Ezingcolisayo Nokuvelisa Izixhobo Zokudlala

Imigca emide, iiyure zonyuso ezisikelwe umda, kunye nokuvalwa kwendawo zokuvota ngezantsi kwemimandla emincinci . Ukunyusa iifestile zovota zakudala, ukunikela iiposi-ezingenayo imfuno eziyingozi, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi abaneleyo emabuthweni onke banceda banciphise amaxesha okulinda kwaye benze uvotelo lube luncedo. Oregon, Washington, kunye neColorado ziye zaqhuba lonke unyulo lwe-imeyili iminyaka, ukufikelela ekunyulweni okuphezulu nokukhuselwa ngokukhuselekileyo. Ezimodeli zibonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwale mihla kungaqinisa ukuthabatha inxaxheba ngaphandle kokulalanisa ingqibelelo.

Imithetho yeVoter kunye noTshi kisholo-zintlu

Ngelixesha abaxhasi bephikisayo ukuba imithetho ye-ID yomvoti ithintela ukuqhatha, abagxeki bathi ngokungenakulinganiswa bathwele umthwalo ophezulu, ophantsi, nabavoti abambalwa abasenokuswela iindlela zokwamkelwa. Iimfuno ze-ID ezingqongqo zibonisiwe ekucinezeleni phakathi kwala maqela. Ukulungelelanisa unyulo nofikelelo lufuna ucwangciso lwenkqubo olunobuchule, njengokunika abanini-Rhwebi ii-ID ngenkululeko kwaye ukwamkela uludwe olubanzi lwamaxwebhu. Amaqela e-Advocacycy ayaqhubeka evavanya imithetho abayibona njengezinto ezicinezenezenziswa kakhulu. Ukuqonda iimfuno ze-ID zesivoti zikarhulumente ngokunjalo kunceda abemi baqhubekeka inkqubo; [[FLT: 0] uNgqungqu wamazwe oMkhosi kaRhulumente [Foctreans]

Ukufumaneka kolwimi nokwehla kolwimi

Umthetho wengingqi ufuna ibhola ephindaphindwayo kunye nezixhobo kwiindawo ezinentsingiselo yabemi abangengobantu abathetha isiNgesi. Noko ke, ukuzalisekisa kuyahluka, kwaye abavoti abaninzi basajongana nemiqobo yolwimi. Ngokufanayo, ii blolle blallot, izixhobo zokusebenza ngesandi, kunye novoti yecala elithintelayo igunyaziswa yi-ADA, kodwa ukufikelela ngokoqobo kwezinye iindawo zokuhlola kuhlala kulungile. Ukuqhubekeka kokufumana nokuqeqesha amagosa onyulo kunganceda ekuthetheni ngezi zikhephelo.

Isenzo Esikhuthazayo Ngaphaya Kwebhalbhu

Ngoxa ukuvota kusesona siseko, ukwanelisa ulawulo - melo olusempilweni luxhaphakile xa kuqukwa inxaxheba ekuvoteni okungakumbi.

Imfundo Yesigqeba Ezikolweni Nakuluntu

Abantu abaninzi abaselula abaze bafumane miyalelo esesikweni ngendlela yokuvota, isizathu sokuba ibaluleke, okanye indlela urhulumente asebenza ngayo. Ukukhuthaza imfundo yezentlalo esikolweni ngezifundo zentelekelelo kumgaqo-siseko ````inokwakha imikhwa yokuthabatha inxaxheba'.' Iinkampani zoluntu, ii-focum zomvoti, kunye nezikhokeli ezingezozobupatisi' zinceda abantu abadala ukuba balawule le ngxaki kwaye baqonde izithintelo. Imibutho enjengoluvo lwaManyano lwabesifazane noLote iVote isebenza kule migudu.

Ubuxhakaxhaka obugudileyo kunye nezobugcisa

Amaqonga eencwadi zentlalo-ntle ngamaziko anamandla okusasaza ulwazi malunga nobhaliswe kwemiqathango, iindawo zokuvota, kunye neeqonga ezibhaliswayo. Inkampani ezisebenzisa iposi yoonontanga, izikhumbuzo zeentsholongwane, kunye nezibhengezo ezijoliswe kuzo zinyuse ngokunempumelelo ukuphuma kolutsha. Noko ke, ezi zixhobo zinye zingasasaza ulwazi oluphosakeleyo. Kubalulekile ukuba zombini amaqonga nabasebenzisi bakhuthaze ulwazi oluqinisekisiweyo kwii-ofisi zonyulo ezisemthethweni kunye nemithombo yeendaba enesidima.

Impembelelo esekelwe kuluntu kunye nengcinezelo yoontanga

Uphando lubonisa ukuba uxinzelelo lwentlalo . olufana nokubhenca ukuba umntu uvote/i-ackolw ukhuthazo lontanga olulungileyo, njengokukhumbuza abahlobo ukuba bavote okanye bakhwele kwimivocato, licebo elisezantsi kodwa elinobuchule obuphezulu. i-Nonpartisan i-evere-eves idla ngokusebenzisa ukunqikaza umnyango kunye nokugcina umnxeba wemfono ukufikelela kwivoti engaqhubi. Xa abamelwane bekhuthaza abamelwane, isenzo sokuvota siba lixabiso lasekuhlaleni kunokuba ibe yindawo yokusebenza yodwa.

Inkxaso Esebenzayo Neyomqeshi

Abaqeshi abaninzi ngoku banikela ixesha elihlawulwayo lokuvota, beqonda ukuba idemokhrasi enamandla ixhasa imeko-bume yeshishini ezinzileyo. I-United States efana neKhalifoniya neNew York ifuna abaqeshi ukuba banikele ikhefu elihlawulwayo lokuvota. Ukukhuthaza imigaqo-nkqubo enjalo kumgangatho wasekuhlaleni ingasusa imiqobo enxulumene nexesha, ingakumbi abasebenzi abangenakuphoswa yimivuzo ngeyure.

Impembelelo Ebanzi Yokunikela Intsebenziswano Eluntwini

Xa abantu befuna ukwazi izinto eziza kwenzeka ebomini, kwirhafu esiyihlawulayo ukuya kutsho emoyeni, banikela uphawu olucacileyo lokuba banenkathalo ngekamva.

Okusesikweni Nendlela Yokulingana Kwebutho Loluntu

Imbali ibonisa ukuba inkqubela ebalaseleyo kwintlalo-ntle yokusesikweni, amalungelo amabhinqa, ukulingana komtshato − yafunyanwa ngokuqhubeka kwezenzo zezobupolitika eziquka ukuvota. Amagosa acushweyo abeke izihlalo zawo kwimibutho eyahlukeneyo anokuxhasa imigaqo enciphisa ukungalingani, ikhusele inkululeko yasekuhlaleni, kunye nethuba lokwandisa. Ngokuchasene noko, ukunyulwa okuncinane kungaphumela ekubeni iinkokeli zingakukhathaleli ukukhathalela amaqela ajongene nolwaphulo-mthetho.

Ukubuyiselwa komgaqo-nkqubo

Ibutho elinomvoti ophezulu lityekele ekubeni libe nemali eninzi karhulumente echithwa kwiimpahla zikawonke-wonke ezinjengemfundo, izibonelelo, kunye nonyango. Abezobupolitika kwisithili esiphezulu bayazi ukuba kufuneka bathethe nesonka kunye neengxaki ezichaphazela uninzi. Umzekelo, amatyala anokujika okuphezulu abonakala ekwazi ukwandisa uMdedicaid phantsi koMthetho wesibonelelo, ubonakalisa izikhethelo zommi ezithelekeleleyo zempilo.

Uphuhliso loLuntu kunye nempembelelo yoluntu

Unyulo lwengingqi ludla ngokuba nempembelelo engqalileyo kubomi bemihla ngemihla: izigqibo zebhodi yesikolo, ukubhalisa imithetho, ukuxhasa inkxaso yamapolisa, kunye nokuthuthwa kwabantu abahlala apho. Kodwa ke ludla ngokubona unyulo olusezantsi. Xa abemi bengingqi bevotelwa kwimida kamasipala, banokuphembelela iirhafu zezinto, ulungiso lwepaki, kunye neeprojekthi zokuphuhlisa. Abavoti nabo bangenza amagosa asekuhlaleni aphendule ngenkohlakalo okanye aphatheke kakubi. Ukuxhasa inxaxheba kumgangatho wasekuhlaleni yeyona ndlela iphumelelayo yokuphucula umgangatho wobomi nokuphinda athembeke kumasebe edemokhrasi.

Isiphelo: Amandla Omculo Wakho

Idemokhrasi asingomdlalo wababukeli. Ifuna ukuba uthathe inxaxheba esebenzayo, efundiswayo, kwaye engaguqukiyo kubemi bayo. Ukujija sisenzo esinye esinamandla abantu abaninzi abanokusenza ukubumba urhulumente wabo nebutho labantu. Le yindlela esiqesha ngayo i-(ne inkokeli zethu) , imisela izinto eziphambili kuhlanga, kwaye ichaza nemilinganiselo yethu.

Ngokuqonda imilo yembali eyakhusela ukudityaniswa kwemali, iziphumo zokudibaniswa, nokuzama ukususa imiqobo yokuthabatha inxaxheba, singakha ulawulo-melo olomeleleyo, oluquka unyulo ngalunye lunika ithuba lokubonakalisa loo mbopheleleko. Nokuba i-collet iqulethe abathathi-nxaxheba, amalungu ebhodi yesikolo, okanye amanyathelo okuthatha inxaxheba, ukhetho lokuthabatha inxaxheba luthumela umyalezo onamandla: ukuba sinoxanduva ngokwaneleyo ukubonakalisa.

Njengoko sikhangela kwikamva, ucelomngeni asikokwandisa nje ukubuya kodwa kukukhulisa isithethe sokuganana ngobomi bonke. Oko kuqala ngokuqonda ukuba ilungelo lokuvota lixabisekile, kwaye lihambisana nomsebenzi wokulisebenzisa ngobulumko. Sifumana urhulumente esivotela. Yenza ilizwi lakho liviwe.