I-Indiya iguqulelwe ngokunzulu ekunikezelweni koncedo lukawonke-wonke ngothotho lweenkqubo zolawulo lwezikhundla ezinqwenelekayo. Ezi nkqubo, ziqhutywa ngumbono ukwenza iinkonzo zikarhulumente zifikeleleke, zicace, zize ziphumelele, ziphinde zicacise indlela abemi abasebenzisana ngayo norhulumente. Ukusuka ekuziboneni ngokusetyenziswa kwe-biomicals ukuqinisekisa ukuhlawula okukhawulezileyo kunye nokuqinisekiswa koxwebhu olungenamaphepha, ulawulo lwezi zixhobo lwezi zixhobo ezisebenza eIndiya ngoku luchaphazela ubomi babantu abangaphezu kwe-1.4 lamawaka ezigidi. Eli nqaku lihlolisisa ubukhulu, imingeni, imingeni, kunye nexesha elizayo, linika uhlalutyo oluncuthulo olunzulu lwendima yabo kulawulo lwamashishini asekuhlaleni.

Isiseko Solawulo Lwamanani EIndiya

Ulawulo lwamanani eIndiya asiyonto yakutshanje. Luqala emva ekupheleni ko-1990 lunemisebenzi efana nenkqubo yolwazi lweSithili (DISNIC) kunye nokusekwa kweSiko loBuzwe loHlomelo (NIC). Kodwa, isantya sokwenene seza emva ko-2014 ngokunduluka kweIndiya [[FLT]] inkqubo enika inkqubo edityanisiweyo yokwenza iinkqubo zikarhulumente, ukuphucula unxibelelwano, kunye nokukhuthaza ukubhalwa kwamanani. Iinjongo zokuqalisa ukuguqula i-Indiya ibe luluntu olugunyaziswe ngokwamanani nolwazi loluntu ngokulungisa ulwahlulo lwamanani kunye nokwenza iinkonzo ezikhoyo ngexesha lokwenene.

Intanda-bulumko esemva kwezi nguqu isekelwe kwintsika ezintathu: izibonelelo zommi ngamnye , ububanzi kunye neenkonzo kwimfuno, kwaye [[FLT] ulungiso oludityanisiweyo lwabemi [[FLT:] olusisibonelelo se-adhaar [isaziso se-biome)], i-trakties, kunye nezicelo ze-screy, urhulumente udale i-ethentificitys ezinciphisa ukuliselwa kwemiza kunye nongenelo lwezandla.

Amanyathelo okulawula angundoqo amanani

I-Indiya ̱, ulawulo lwezicwangciso zamanani lubonisa ipakethi yeqonga lenqanawa eneflegi, nganye ijolise kwinkalo ezithile zokuhanjiswa kwenkonzo. Ngasezantsi zizinto ezinamandla.

IIndiya yamanani

Iqaliswe ngoJulayi 2015, i-International India yinkqubo yeambrela elungelelanisa udweliso oluninzi kunye neeprojekthi. Amalungu ayo angundoqo aquka ukwenziwa kwe- kwe-National e-Governance Plan (NCEGP)[[[FLL:1], ukusekwa kwamaziko aqhelekileyo enkonzo (CSCs) kwiidolophana, kunye nolwandiso lwe-bande oludibeneyo phantsi kwe-Bharat. Ngokwee-2024, ngaphezu kwe-4, i-4, inika iinkonzo zamanani amanani eenkonzo ezisemaphandleni, iipesenti, iziqinisekiso, kunye nezibonelelo-zibonelelo. Inkqubo iye yaba luncedo kwiinkqubo eziguqulwayokunyaka-maxwebhu, ukuhla ukulungelela ukulungelela ukuya kumaxesha angamashumi amane kwi-40%.

Umlobi

DigiLocker yiqonga elisekelwe kumafu elinceda abemi ukuba bagcine, babelane, kwaye baqinisekise amaxwebhu amanani. Ngokususa imfuneko yokukhuphela ngokwamanani, iye yangqubanisa intloko-ntloko yabemi kunye namaqumrhu. Yaqaliswa ngo-2016, i-Dgi Locker ngoku inabasebenzisi ababhalisiweyo nabasemaxwebhu angaphezu kwe 6 lamawaka ezigidi. Idibanisa ii-data ezininzi zikarhulumente, ivumela ukuqinisekiswa kwangoko kwelayisensi yokuqhuba, iziqinisekiso zokuzala, isalatha amaphepha, kwaye inyusa ngaphezulu. Oku kunciphisa ukuqhatha nokuhanjiswa kwenkonzo kwiindawo ezinjengendlela yokubhalisa isithuthiso, izicelo zepasisito, kunye nezikolo ezingenisiweyo. [[[FLT:]

UMANG AP

I-UMANG (Isicelo seNdlu Esineenjongo Ezingadityaniswanga se-Applet yoLawulo olutsha) inikeza unikezelo kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente ezingaphezu kwe-1200 ukusuka kwingingqi enye ehambayo. Iindidi ezigqumayo ezinjengemfundo, impilo, izimali, kunye nezinto eziluncedo, i-application ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba bafake iiprojekthi, izicelo zeposi, kunye nokuhlawula iindleko. Ixhasa iilwimi ezingama-13 zamaIndiya kwaye isebenza ngapha nangapha kwe-iOS, i-Android, kunye nefonomfonomfono esetyenziswa yi-UMASD. I-MGUM ikhutshelwe ngaphezu kwezigidi ezili-100, ibonisa imfuneko yokunikezelwa komsebenzi odityaniweyo.

BHIMI UPI

Ngeli thuba liyintloko isixhobo semali, iBHIM UPI (Izixhobo ezidityanisiweyo zobhatalo) iye yaguqula indlela abemi abahlawula ngayo iirhafu, iirhafu, kunye neendleko zemali eluncedo kumasebe karhulumente. Yaveliswa yi-National Preciodoration of India (NPCI), i-UPI yalungiselela ukuthengiselwana kwemali engaphezu kwe-10 lamawaka ezigidi ngenyanga ngo-2023. Amazibuko karhulumente adityaniswe nee-UPI enza ukuba yonke into ehlawulwa yingeniso ihlawulelwe irhafuthezo zamanzi, inciphiswe imali kunye nokukhutshelwa kwengeniso. Iplatfomu ikwanyusiwe ukuquka inkqubo engenayo yemali yempilo karhulumente neyo.

IAadhaar ne-KYC

U-Aadhaar, inkqubo yokuzichaza kwe-12 yemivo elungele ukusetyenziswa, isiseko solona nyathelo lolawulo lwamanani. Ngee- enrolments ezingaphezulu kwe 1.3 yezigidi zezigidi, inika uphawu olukhethekileyo olunika inkxaso ethe ngqo (DBT), luphelisa ukuphindaphindwa kokungenelwa, namandla e-KYC (umbane uSazi iSoletwane), oku kusindise urhulumente ongamawaka ezigidi zeerandi ngokukhupha ii-agidi ezivulekayo kunikezelo lokutya, isichumiso, kunye ne-LPG. Uqinisekiso olusekelwe kwi-Aadhaar ngoku lusetyenziselwa ukuya kwi-ofisi zikarhulumente, ukurhoxamba umhlala-mhlala-phantsi we-mali, nokunye okuninzi.

Name

IGov yam yiqonga lomanyano lommi elivumela uwonke-wonke ukuba ube nenxaxheba kwiingxoxo zenkqubo, wabelane ngeengcamango, kwaye unike ingxelo. Lineengxoxo ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-30 zabasebenzisi ababhalisiweyo kwaye liye langenisa amawaka eengxoxo ngemibandela esuka kwisixeko esinobuchule ukuya kuphuculo lwemfundo. Ngokudibanisa igalelo elithe ngqo kumgaqo-siseko, uMyGov uqinisa inxaxheba yedemokhrasi kwaye ukhulisa ukusabela kweenkonzo zikawonke-wonke.

Impembelelo Ekuzalweni Kwenkonzo Kawonke - wonke

Isiphumo esikhuphisayo sala manyathelo siye saba luphucuko oluphawulekayo kwisantya, ukufikelela nokulingana kweenkonzo zikawonke-wonke. Ngelicala siqwalasela imimandla engundoqo yempembelelo.

Ufikelelo kunye noXhaso

Ulawulo lwamanani luye lwandisa iinkonzo kubemi ababengakhange bafumaneke ngaphambili. Ngee-CSC kunye nee-apps ezihamba-hambayo, umlimi kwidolophana ekude angafaka isicelo sokuboleka izityalo, ukukhangela imozulu, okanye afumane isatifiketi sokuzalwa ngaphandle kokuya kwikomkhulu lesithili. I-UMANG ne-DigiLocker zikhona nakwiindawo ezisezantsi ze-bandite, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkonzo zezemivo aziphelelanga kumaziko asedolophini. Njengo-2023, ngaphezu kwama-90% eedolophanel ene-ficity fib fanety phantsi kweBharat, ebheke phambili umsantsaleko wokungena.

Ukwanelisa Nokubonisa ngaphaya

Ukwenziwa komatshini kucuthe kakhulu amaxesha okujika jikelele. Umzekelo, inkqubo ye-e-Office, edibanisa intshukumo zefayile ngaphakathi komsebenzi, inqumle ixesha elibekiweyo lefayile ukusuka kwiiveki ngeentsuku. I-intanethiRTI esecaleni yenqanawa ikwenze kwabalula kubemi ukucela ulwazi, kunye nenkqubo yolawulo lwemali kawonke-wonke (PFMS) yenza ukuba uququzelo lwemali lwexesha lokwenene. Ezi nkqubo zidala umzila wophicotho-zincwadi othintela ukonakala nokwandisa ukuphendula koxanduva.

Ngokwengxelo ye-2022 ye-NITI Aiyag, ungenelelo lwamanani lukhokelele kumlinganiselo we-30-50% wexesha lokulungiselela iinkonzo eziqhelekileyo ezifana nokungena komsebénzi kunye nobhaliso lwempahla. ( UNITI Ayayog Digitance Governity Report 2022[FL:1])

Ukunciphisa Ukonakala

Ngokunciphisa ubuchule babantu ekudlulisweni kwenkonzo, iinkqubo zamanani zinciphisa amathuba okunyoba nokufuna irenti-yadi. Inzuzo Ethe ngqo (DBT) ukusebenzisa isiqinisekiso se-Aadhaar ithoba isuse abaxhamli be-power kwaye igcine urhulumente i-191.8 lakh crore ($24 amawaka ezigidi) phakathi ko-2014 no-20222. Ngokufanayo, ukunikezelwa kwesicelo kwingingqi yesicelo somkhondo kunye nesiqinisekiso esivunyiweyo se-auto (umz., ingeniso kunye nesiqinisekiso samaqela) kunciphise imfuneko yamadoda aphakathi. Uhlolisiso oluthelekelelwa ngu-Transparency International India lufumanisethiwe ukuba abasebenzisi beenkonzo zemivolulo olusezantsi baxelwe ukuqhama okuncinane xa kuthelekiswa nalawo athembele kwimijelo olubonakalayo.

Ukunikwa Amandla Abemi

Amaqonga amanani anika abemi ulawulo oluphezulu kunxibelelwano lwabo norhulumente. Iindawo zokusebenza ezizimeleyo zivumela abasebenzisi ukuba bacwangcise ukubekwa, bafake amaxwebhu, kunye nemeko yokuqwalasela ngexesha lokwenene. Iqonga leMy Gov linceda unxibelelwano olungqalileyo nabaqululi benkqubo, ngelixa udibaniso lwezentlalo-ntle luvumela izikhalazo ukuba zikhule esidlangalaleni. Abafazi ngokukhethekileyo baye bangenelwa: iinkqubo zezenkcubeko phantsi koyilo lweChube Services, ingxubusho eqeshiweyo yamabhinqa asemaphandleni ukuba asebenzise i-enervices, ikhulise ukuzimela kwabo kwezoqoqosho.

Impembelelo Yezoqoqosho Neyorhwebo

Ukutshintshela kwintlawulo yamanani kuye kwaba nesiphumo esingenakuthelekelelwa sezoqoqosho. Intengiselwano esekelwe kwiUPI icuthe ixabiso lokuphatha imali kumasebe karhulumente kunye nokuthobela irhafu okunyusiweyo. Uthungelwano lwe-GST, olwakhiwe kwiqonga lamanani, lwandisa irhafu ngokumisela amashishini angaphambili angacwangciswanga. Uhlolisiso lweBhanki yehlabathi luthelekelele ukuba amanyathelo olawulo lwamanani eIndiya angadibanisa 0.5.1% kunyuko lwe-GDP ngonyaka ngempumelelo nangokwehlisa ukuvuza. ( Ingxelo yeBHANGELENKA YENXARD ])

Iingxaki Nemiqobo

Nangona kukho inkqubela ephawulekayo, imiqobo ebalulekileyo isele ikhona. Le mingeni kufuneka ijongwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulawulo lwezi matshini lufikelela kwimpumelelo yayo.

Ukwahlula Amanani

Izibonelelo zamanani zase-Indiya, ngeli lixa zisandayo, azifani. Ngo-2024, malunga nama-55% kuphela amakhaya asemaphandleni aye afumana i-intanethi ye-intanethi emalunga nama-80% kwimimandla yasezidolophini. Imiqobo yolwimi, ukungakwazi ukufunda nokubhala, nokungabinazo izixhobo ezinokufikeleleka kumazwe ahlwempuzekileyo, kudibanisa ulwahlulo. Abemi abalupheleyo nabantu abaneziphene basoloko bengenazizo izinxulumanisi. Ukuba benganikwanga zi-athori, ulwahlulo lwamanani lungakhupha ubungalingani obukhoyo, lushiya amaqela aphantsi.

Ugcino - lwazi Nonqabiseko

Ukwakhiwa kogcino-lwazi lwabemi kumaqonga afana no-Aadhaar kunye no-Digi Locker kunyusa inkxalabo esemthethweni malunga nokukhangelwa, ukuqhekezwa kogcino-lwazi, nokusetyenziswa kakubi. I-Indiya ayinawo umthetho wokhuseleko logcino-lwazi olubanzi (ukhuselo oluninzi lwezemali logcino-lwazi lobuqu oluphakanyisiweyo lwama-2023 lwadluliswa kodwa iinkcukacha zokuzalisekisa zihleli). Ukuvuza okuphezulu kwe-Aadhaar data kurhoxe ukholo. Ngoxa urhulumente enyanzelela ukuba iinkqubo zikhuselekile, abagxeki baphikisa ukuba ulawulo olunamandla luyimfuneko ekukhuseleni inkululeko yabemi.

Imida Yezakhiwo

Imimandla emininzi yasemaphandleni isajongene nokunikezelwa ngamandla aguquguqukayo kunye nokungahoywa kwenethwekhi okuthintelayo ukusetyenziswa kwemisebenzi yamanani. Iprojekthi ye-BharatNet, nangona inelitye eliphezulu, iye yajamelana nolibaziseko kunye nexabiso lokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo. Ukongeza, amandla eeseva zesiphelo selizwe asoloko ebopheleleka phantsi kwemfuno ephezulu, njengokuba kubonwa ngexesha lokunduluka kolunye ucwangciso olusembindini.

Ukwakha nokufunda ngamanani

Amagosa karhulumente aphambili kumgangatho wesigqeba asoloko engakufumani ukuqeqeshwa kokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezintsha ngokunempumelelo. Ukungavumelani nokutshintsha, kudibene nokoyika ukuphulukana nomsebenzi, kungacotha ukuthathwa. Ngokufanayo, inxalenye engundoqo yabemi ihlala ingafundanga ngamanani. IPradhan Mantan Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan (PMGDISHIYA) iqeqeshe abemi basemaphandleni abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-60, kodwa ixhoba lokwenza ama-60 ezigidi zabantu ukuba bafundele ngamanani athengwa ngokuyinxenye.

Umthengisi onxibelelana noMxholo

Izicelo ezininzi zophando zakhiwe njengesilos ngabarhwebi abahlukeneyo, ezikhokelela kwimiba yokusebenzisana. Ummi angafuna ukungena kwimiboniso emininzi yamasango ngokwahlukeneyo, nganye enendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuqinisekisa. Ukunqongophala kwendlela edityanisiweyo ye-API kuthintela ugcino-lwazi kunye nokungenisa ulwazi olubomvu. Imigudu efana ne-Indiya Enprise Architecture (Indea) injongo yokwenza imigaqo-siseko kodwa ayizange yamkeleke ngokupheleleyo kuwo onke amaziko.

Iindlela Nezincomo Zexesha Elizayo

Ijonge phambili, iIndiya kufuneka ithathe icebo eliziintlobo ezininzi ukuxhasa amandla nokulungisa iingxaki ezivelayo.

Ukuvala Umahluko Wamanani

Unikezelo olunokufumaneka luyinto yokuqala. Ukwandisa uwonke-wonke oshushu iWi-Fi (njengaphantsi kweplani yePM- WANI), ukunikezela iimfonomfono-mfono ezincinci kwiintsapho ezifumana imali ephantsi, kunye nokuphuhlisa umahluko wenkqubo ye-app anokufumaneka ngaphandle kwe-intanethi inganceda. Inkxaso yolwimi lwasekuhlaleni kufuneka igunyaziswe kubo bonke oorhulumente abakwimiqobo esetyenziswayo. Iinkqubo zokufunda amanani amanani adityanisiweyo, mhlawumbi zidityaniswe kwisikolo semva nakumaziko e-aganwadi, zingakhawulezisa ukuthathelwa kolwa komnye ulawulo phakathi kwamaqela angenazikhuseli.

Ukomeleza Ukuzithemba Nokuzifihla

I-Indiya ifuna ukwenziwa kusetyenziso olukhawulezileyo logcino-lwazi olunamandla olunenkqubo yolwamkelo olucacileyo, imithetho yolwamkelo logcino-lwazi, kunye nolawulo oluzimeleyo. Uvavanyo lokhuseleko lwamaxa athile lwawo onke amaqonga karhulumente lufanele lwenziwe lube yimfuneko. Ingcamango ye-logs ibonisa indlela ugcino-lwazi lwabo olusetyenziswa ngayo. data ukuthemba unobangela wengxelo wenkqubo karhulumente, efana nenkqubo yokhuseleko yokhuseleko lwe-

Ukupheliswa kobuntlola obuyenziwa kunye nobugcisa obuqhaqhazelisiweyo

I-AI ingalawula amanani aphezulu: i-webbot yokulungisa izikhalazo, ukuxela kwangaphambili ukuxelwa kwangaphambili kwimpilo kawonke-wonke, kunye nokusetyenziswa kolwimi lwendalo ekudluliseleni inkonzo yeelwimi ezininzi. Inyathelo likarhulumente “eliya Zonke” kunye ne-Iacity Portal ecetciation yesizwe ibonakalisa ukuvuma. Noko ke, imigaqo-mthetho mayikhiwe ukuze kuphetshwe i-algorics kwaye kuqinisekiswe ukuba ulawulo loluntu kwizigqibo ezichaphazela amalungelo abemi.

Ukukhuthaza umanyano loluntu (PPP)

Umlinganiselo wolawulo lwamanani ufuna intsebenziswano necandelo labucala ekuhlaziyweni nasekudluliseni okuzinzileyo. Imodeli yeNkonzo eqhelekileyo ngokwayo yiPPP. Ukwandisa unxulumano olunjalo kwizibonelelo zamafu, uphuhliso lobuchule, kunye nokwenziwa koomatshini abangasemva kungayiphucula impumelelo ngaphandle kokuthwalisa ngaphezulu komququzeleli. Izikhuseli ezicacileyo zesivumelwano kunye neenkqubo zokuphendula ziyimfuneko ukukhusela izilangazelelo zabemi.

Ukusebenzisana kunye namava omsebenzisi

Urhulumente kufuneka akhawuleze ukwamkela i-Indiya Enterprise Architecture (Indidea) kwaye atyhalele kwizibuko lenkonzo elisekelwe kubomi obumanyeneyo (umz., iplatfomu enye yeenkonzo zokuzalwa ukuya kukufa). Ukusetyenziswa kokuvula i-AP Is kunye nokusetyenziswa kolwazi oludityanisiweyo (ngokuvunywa ngumsebenzisi) kungenza amava angadityaniswanga. [[FLT:]] i-dictive recective recesion resethiero [[ kunye novavanyo oluthe rhoqo kunye nemijikelezo yokusebenza komqondiso kuya kunceda ukugcina izicelo zabemi zikho phakathi kwenkulungwane.

Isiphelo

Uhambo lolawulo lwamanani lwe-Indiya sele luphucule kakhulu ekunikezelweni kweenkonzo zikawonke-wonke, ukusuka kulungelelwaniso olukhawulezileyo ukuya kunciphisa ukonakala kunye nokufikelela okubanzi. Inyathelo elisetyenziswa phantsi kwe-Indiya, elixhaswa ngamaqonga anjenge-Aadhaar, Digi Locker, kunye ne-UPI, liseke isiseko esiqinileyo. Noko ke, utshintsho aluphelelangaphelelanga. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho mmi ushiywe ngasemva, urhulumente kufuneka athethe ngokungqongqo ngolwahlulo lwamanani, aqinise ukhuseleko logcino-lwazi, anyuse izibonelelo, kunye nokuvelisa ulawulo lwamanani. Ngokuzinikela okuqhubekayo, ulawulo lwezintlulo manani, lunokuba lityelelo lwembombo lokucace, olunempumelelo, noluqukuqululo lwephondo lwaseIndiya.