Ukwazisa: Ikomkhulu Elisengxakini

ICanberra, ikomkhulu lesizwe laseOstreliya, idla ngokuphawulwa ligunya layo lezobupolitika, ingeniso ephezulu yamajelo eendaba, kunye nemeko ecwangcisiweyo yasedolophini. Kodwa emva kwalo mfanekiso uqingqiweyo kuxhomekeke kwingozi enzulu yentlalo: ukungabi namakhaya. Kwishumi leminyaka elidluleyo, inani labantu abangenamakhaya kwiCapitalpital Territory (ACT) liye lakhula ngokungenakuthelekiswa nanto kukwanda kwabemi, iingcamango ezicel ’ umngeni zokuba ukuchuma kugquma isixeko kwizindlu zangaphambili.

Ngokwe-Australian Bureau of Statistics Census data, i-ACT ebhaliwe kwi-1,737 abantu abangenamakhaya ngobusuku bokubalwa kwabantu bangama-2021, ukunyuka ukusuka kwi-1,32 ngo-2016-a 41% ukwanda kwemiboniso yesizwe engaphezulu kakhulu. Oku kuquka abalalisi abarhabaxa, abantu abaxhasiweyo, abo bahlala ebhedini, kunye neentsapho ezihlala kwiindawo ezizele kakhulu. Ingxaki iqhutywa kukuxinezelelwa okuntsonkothile kweengcinezelo zezoqoqosho, imiqathango, imiqobo, kunye nokungaphumeleli kwenkqubo ekhoyo kwimigangatho yorhulumente kunye neyasekuhlaleni.

Ukuqonda indlela inkqubo kawonke-wonke eme ngayo , kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ikhula ngayo, kwaye le ngxaki ibalulekile kuye nabani na obandakanyekileyo ekucebiseni uluntu, kwiinkonzo zoluntu, okanye ekwenzeni izigqibo zezobupolitika. Eli nqaku lihlola impembelelo yemigaqo karhulumente neyasekuhlaleni kwimeko yokungabi nakhaya kaCanberra, ichaza iintsilelo eziqatha, kunye nophando lwendlela eziya kuphumelela ngakumbi, zidityaniswe.

Isalathisi soMgaqo-nkqubo woManyano: INgxowa-mali, iNkqubo, kunye

Urhulumente wase-Australia unembopheleleko ephambili yokuxhasa ingeniso, ubuchule bokufumana izindlu, kunye nokwabiwa kweesivumelwano ezingundoqo zemali kumazwe nakwimimandla. Kangangamashumi eminyaka, inkqubo karhulumente ibiyiyo isiseko sesiseko seli qumrhu (iibhotile) kwaye maxa wambi i-drecky/yentsabelo yokungabi nakhaya eCanberra.

Isivumelwano seSizwe seNdlu yeNtlalo neNHHA

Inkqubo yenqanawa yemfazwe yelizwe ye-National House kunye ne-Acter (NHHA), eyaqala ngo-2018, ilandela i-National Affordible House Active Active Adminion. NgeNHHA, iCommonwealth inikezela ngenkxaso-mali exhomekekileyo kumazwe nakwimimandla.[1] Ukuquka i-Act_Act--* ukunikezela iinkonzo zokungabinamakhaya, izindlu zoluntu, kunye neenyathelo ezithengwayo zokuhlala. Ngonyaka wama-20222-23 wemali, i-ACTS yafumana malunga nezigidi ezizimali ezimalunga ne-R3 zenkqubo zeNHAHA, ezidityaniswe ngemali ebanzi yokwakhiwa kwezindlu.

Kanti i-NHHA iye yagxekwa ngokubanzi. I-Australian House kunye neUrban Research Institute (AHURI) yafumanisa ukuba inkxaso-mali yesizwe ihlale ithe tyaba ngokwenyani ukususela ngo-2010, ngelixa iindleko zezindlu kunye nemfuno ziye zanyuka. I-2022 ka-NHHA yaphawula ukuba imigangatho yemali ayimiselwanga kulwandiso lwabemi okanye i-CPI, ithetha ukuba ulwahlulo lwe-ACCT luye lwahla. Le mikhosi inika iinkonzo zasekuhlaleni ukunweba imiqobo enciphileyo nyaka ngamnye.

Ngaphezu koko, i-NHHA ayinaso isisulu esinyanzelekileyo sesizwe sokunciphisa ukungabi namakhaya. Inika iziphumo ezibanzi `njengeziphumo ezithi “abantu abangenamakhaya okanye abasengozini yokungabi namakhaya bafumane indawo yokuhlala ephathekayo"" kodwa inika ubuchule obuphangaleleyo kwindlela yokudibana nazo. Le ndlela yokwahlula ikhokelela kumgangatho wenkonzo ongalungelelaniyo ngaphaya kwemithetho kwaye yenza kube nzima ukugcina naluphi umgangatho omnye worhulumente ubeke ityala.

Ezinye iiLevers: Umbindi, ufuduko, kunye neqhinga lesizwe

Ngaphaya kwe-NHHA, imigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente yokhuseleko loluntu, ukufuduka, kunye nerhafu ichaphazela kakhulu umngcipheko wokungabi namakhaya. I-ABERFERFERPAR kunye i-Uncedo[ luluphawu oluchaphazelekayo, ukanti ukungakwazi kwabo kubhalwe kakuhle. Ngee-2024, umlinganiselo omnye we-Rentellionlympial Intellisor [30%] yemakethe yorhwebo lorhwebo eCanbercarac, ushiya abamkeli benomsantsalo onzima. Ingxelo ye-Australia yeBhunganeeeeeentuwayo (ACOS) ifunyaniswe ukuba emva kokuhlawula, abanindileyo kwi-Cernkings engaphantsi kweveki nganye, ukuthuthwa konyango, kunye nokunqongophala kwezindlu.

Inkqubo yokungena kwindlu idlala indima. Abagcini bencwadi yemvume yexeshana abajongene noqhawuko lwentsapho okanye ukuphulukana nomsebenzi badla ngokuwela kwiminatha yokhuseleko lokhuseleko loluntu ngenxa yokuba abanako ukufumaneka kwizindlu zoluntu okanye inkxaso yengeniso. Le njongo inabafundi behlabathi lonke nabasebenzi abanobuchule bokwexeshana, abaninzi abahlala kude namalungiselelo ayingozi, angacwangciswanga kakuhle. Xa aba bantu bengenamakhaya, banemizi esemthethweni embalwa yokukhusela izindlu.

Ngo-2019, urhulumente wesizwe wakhulula kunye nokungabi namakhaya: Iqhinga lesiZwe, icebo lokuqala elinjalo kwisithuba seshumi leminyaka. Icebo lokwakha amakhaya amatsha amalunga nama-30 000 angokwasentlalo kunye nanokufikeleleka kwiminyaka emihlanu, kodwa lahluleka ukugunyazisa izabelo ze-ACT ngqo. Ngokwango-2024, inkqubela iye yacotha: ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha samakhaya acwangcisiweyo aye anikezelwa ngokwesizwe, kwaye i-ACTS idiece idiea entsha emalunga nama-300 000 amagumbi okuhlala asekuhlaleni ukususela ngo-20202020202020.202

Ukhuseleko lwe-COVID-19: Ukhupho oluphosiweyo

Ngexesha lobhubhani, amanyathelo amafutshane njengolwando lokwexeshana kumsebenzi we Reserserver kunye norhoxiso lomkhosi wokukhupha imoto eCanberra. Urhulumente we-ATCIR wanikela ingxelo yokuhla kwe 25% ekungabini namakhaya esitratweni ngowama-202020. Kodwa, xa unyuselo lwasuswayo kwaye iimorratorium ziphelelwe, amanani aphinde aphinde agqunywa. Oku kwabonisa ukuba inkqubo yesizwe ikhanabon ngokukhawuleza inqanda ukungabi namakhaya xa ibonelelwa ngokwaneleyo ukuba ingeniso iphelelwe ngumsebenzi worhwebo i-20202020. Kodwa ezopolitistiki ziza kukuthi ziphinde ziphele.

Izenzo zobupolisa noluntu

Ngoxa inkqubo karhulumente imisela imilinganiselo ebanzi, urhulumente weACT − ngeACT Legislative Assembly kunye nesebe leNdlu yeNdlu yeNdlu yeNdlu-nganiso − imiqathango nezixhobo zongenelelo lwengingqi ezilungelelaniswa neendawo ezikhethekileyo zesixeko, amanani nemeko yezobupolitika.

IiNkqutyana zikaRhulumente we-AC: Iinjongo eziCwangcisiweyo,

Ngo-2022, urhulumente we-AC wakhupha iqhinga lokufumana nokungabi namakhaya 2022-2027, elijolise ekunciphiseni ukungabi namakhaya ngo-2027 kwaye lifikelele ekulaleni ubuthongo oburhabaxa ngo-2025. Le nkqubo iquka isiqinisekiso sokwakha izindlu ezintsha ezingama-600 kwiminyaka emine, ifaktha ii-$50 lezigidi kwizindlu zoluntu, kwaye ivelise “imodeli ehlala ngokusisigxina phambi kokuba ifikelele eminye imicimbi enjengeyo okanye ukukhotyo.

Kude kube ngoku, iziphumo zidityanisiwe. Urhulumente unikeze malunga nama-200 amatsha eendawo zokuhlala zikawonke-wonke ukususela kwicebo elindululiweyo, ebeka amaxhoba angama-600 ee-unit engozi. Uluhlu lwendlu yokulinda luye lwakhula ukuya kutsho kumakhaya angama-3, kunye nomlinganiselo wolinda amaxesha agqithileyo amabini. Utshintsho lwenjongo yokukhuthaza indawo yokuhlala yobuqu efikelelekayo, efana [[FLT: 0] ihlabela kwilizwe lerhafu yokwakha-tooonti yemisebenzi[

Noko ke, amanye amanyathelo asekuhlaleni abonise isithembiso. Ukufaka intelekelelo kwi-ACRAPID Rehouing Program, endululwe ngo-2021, inika uncedo olufutshane lokuqesha kunye nolawulo lwemeko ukunceda abantu abangenamakhaya bakhuseleke ngokukhawuleza. Uvavanyo lwangaphambili lweYunivesithi yase Canberra lwafumanisa ukuba 78% yabathathi-nxaxheba bahlala behleli emva kweenyanga ezili-18, becebisa ukuba isenzo sasekuhlaleni singaphumelela nangaphandle kwenkxaso yorhulumente epheleleyo.

Iziko Loluntu: Impendulo Ephambili

Imibutho engeyoyarhulumente izalisa izithuba ezibukhali ezishiywe ziinkqubo zikarhulumente. Abanikezeli abathathu abaphambili abasebenzayo eCanberra:

  • [[UMQONDO:0] IToora Women Inc. inika indawo yengxaki nenkxaso kumabhinqa nabantwana ababalekayo ugonyamelo lwasekhaya. Lo mbutho usandul' ukunikela ingxelo yokuba ibhinqa elinye kwabahlanu liphambuka kwindawo yalo yokhuseleko longxamiseko ngenxa yokunqongophala kwendawo.
  • [[FLT: 0] USt Vincent de Paul Society[FL:1] uqhuba isikhululo somkhosi wasebusuku kunye nesikhululo soluntu kwi-CBIC, ukulungiselela ukutya, iindawo zokuhlamba, kunye nee-headerries. Abasebenzi babo abakhuphayo banikela ingxelo ngokwanda kwama-40% kuqhakamshelwano ukususela ngo-2020.
  • I-Uulth Coalition ye-AC ilungelelanisa ukuthintelwa kolutsha ngokufihlakeleyo, kuquka iinkonzo zokukhupha imicimbi yoncedo-lwazi ukunceda abantu abaselula baphephe ukuqhekeka kweentsapho, -- unobangela ophambili wokungabi nakhaya kolutsha eCanberra.

Le mibutho ixhomekeke kakhulu kwizibonelelo zikarhulumente we-AC, kodwa inkxaso-mali idla ngokuba yeyokwexeshana kwaye iphantsi kwemijikelo yezobupolitika. Inkqubo yenkonzo yokungabi namsebenzi esekhaya (2023) yaphawula ukuba 60% yezivumelwano zenkonzo zezeenyanga ezili-12 okanye ezingaphantsi, eyenza kungabi nakwenzeka ukugcina abasebenzi abanamava okanye ukucwangcisa imicimbi yexesha elide.

Impilo Yengqondo Nenkxaso

Ukugula ngengqondo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi zombini zizinto ezibangela iziphumo zokungabi namakhaya. Kwi-ACT, abantu abadala abangama- 43% abangenamakhaya banokufunyaniswa benemeko yempilo yengqondo, xa kuthelekiswa nama-22% abantu ngokubanzi. Urhulumente wasekuhlaleni ufakelele iinkonzo ezidityanisiweyo, ezifana ne- MPURT (MENGQUTY Yezempilo Ephambili ne-Referral Teamment), ezithi zifake i-aksingrlatergies zempilo yengqondo kunye nabasebenzi bezindlu. Ngelixesha losungulo, ezi nkqubo zihlala zilinganiselwe ngokwesikali kwaye azinakuhlangabezana nemfuno ezibangelwa yimfuno engapheli phantsi kwenkqubo yempilo yengqondo yoluntu yokwandileyo yezonyango.

Ukudityaniswa phantsi kweSicwangciso seSizwe seInshorensi Yokweyisa Imfihlelo (NDIS) kukwachaphazela iziphumo zezindlu. Abantu abaninzi abangenamakhaya abaneziphene zengqondo abafumaniseki ukuba abakwazi ukufumaneka kwimpahla zenkxaso ye-NDIS, ibashiya bethembele kumsebenzi wesiqendu seenkqubo zikarhulumente ezingekho mandla afunekayo ukuze bafumane uvuselelo.

Imiqobo Yenkqubo Nocelomngeni Lwenkqubo

Phezu kwayo nje imigudu echazwe ngasentla, ukungabi namakhaya eCanberra kuyaqhubeka kusanda.

Ingxaki Yokungabi Nandawo Yaneleyo Yokuhlala

Ixabiso lendlu yamajelo eendaba kaCanberra liye lanyuka laya kutsho ngaphezu kwama-$900,000-85.Njengesibini eOstreliya emva kweSydney. Ama-Rent aye alandela isuntswana, nerente yeveki ngeveki yeyunithi yegumbi lokulala elingaphezulu kwama-550. Ukwanda kwabemi bamaRapid, okuqhutywa lulwando lwenkonzo kawonke-wonke kunye necandelo leyunivesithi, liye laqesha indawo yokuhlala. Ixhoba likarhulumente lokwakha izindlu ezintsha ezingama-6 000 ngonyaka alizange lihlangatyelwe; ngo-2023, ukugqitywa kwaba ngama-4 200. Unyuso sonyuso sifumana imali ephantsi kwemali yabaqeshiweyo kwimibo yokuqeshwa okanye i-ofisi yeyunivesithi, liye layishiya izithuba zokungabi namakhaya xa kuphele ishumi eli-10.

Iinkqubo zokuzingela ezicetyiweyo ezicetywe ukwandisa ubunzima obufana nokuhlala emadolobheni angaphakathi kufutshane nezithuthi zikawonke-wonke, ziye zajamelana nokuchasana nabemi abasunguliweyo kunye neekomiti zokucwangcisa amabhunga. Uhlolo loMphicothi-zincwadi Jikelele lwafumanisa ukuba inkqubo yokucwangcisa intsimi “ayinakuphumelela ekudluliseleni iziphumo ezifikelelekayo zezindlu,” icaphula ukulibaziseka ekuvunyweni nokusetyenziswa okunganelanga kwe-ontathe yombiso.

Ukungaphumeleli komanyano phakathi kwamaqondo omanyano nawommandla

Ukwahlulwa koxanduva phakathi kweCommonwealth ne-ACT kudala izindululo ezigqwethekileyo. Imali karhulumente encedisayo yokungabi namakhaya, kodwa i-ATC inexabiso lolwakhiwo lwezindlu zoluntu nokugcinwa. Akukho mgangatho ungacombulula ingxaki yodwa, kodwa akukho ndlela yokucwangcisa okusesikweni. I-NHHA ifanele ukubuyiselwa ngo-2025, kodwa imiqondiso yangaphambili evela eCanberra ibonisa ukuba iCalmoneal iceba ukugcina imodeli yayo yemali ekhoyo kunokuba itshintshele kwiziphumo ezisekelwe kwixhoba.

Ngokubhekele phaya, iinkqubo zerhafu zemali karhulumente . Ngokucacileyo ikomkhulu lifumana intlawulo yerhafu kunye nokungahoywa kwerhafu okungamkelekiyo yingcaciso yezoqoqosho njengoko kuthengwa kakhulu yinkcitho yezindlu ezikhutshwayo. Urhulumente we-ACT akanakulawula ezi zixhathiso, kwaye ukuxhathisa kwezobupolitika ekuguquleni intengiso kuyaqhubeka kushushu kakhulu. Ingxelo ye-2023 yeGrattan Institute ithelekelela ukuba ukuncitshiswa kwegiya yendlu nge-5-10%, ikhulula ukunikezelwa okunokufikeleleka okuthe kratya okuthe kratya.

IsiKhathamo sokuPhatha kweeNkonzo zokuKhusela

Omabini oorhulumente banikezela ngoovimba abangaphezulu kakhulu kwimpendulo yamanqam kunokuthintelwa. Ngo-2023, kuphela i-12% yemali edityanisiweyo karhulumente kunye neyongingqi yokungabi namakhaya eyaye yasiwa kwiinkonzo zokuthintela ukungabi namakhaya ukuba kwenzeke ekuqaleni. Ngokufana noncedo lwerente, i-adismedia, kunye luncedo olusemthethweni lwabaqeshi abajongene nokugxothwa. Abaseleyo baye kwiindawo zongxamiseko, ukukhuthulwa kwezitrato, kunye nezindlu zotshintsho.

Oku kungalingani kungenakufumaneka. Ixabiso lemini enye kwikhusi lenkxwaleko yeCanberra limalunga ne-R260 kumandlalo, ngeli xesha usuku lokuxhasa inkxaso yomkhosi luxabisa ii-$30. I-2021 ye-Australian Homes kunye ne-Urban Research Institute ithelekelela ukuba ii-dolars nganye ezithengelwe ukuthintelwa ukungahlali komakhaya zonga iindleko zentlekele. Kodwa abasebenzi benkqubo baye bacotha ukunyusa imali exhasa ukunyuka komsinga-meenda.

Ulwalathiso Lwexesha Elizayo: Ukwakha Umsebenzi Womgaqo - siseko Osebenzayo

Ubungqina bubonisa utshintsho olungxamisekileyo olufunekayo kumgangatho worhulumente nowasekuhlaleni. Akukho nanye elula, kodwa kunye zingayinqanda intsingiselo ephezulu kwaye ziqalise umsebenzi ode wokunciphisa ukungabi namakhaya eCanberra.

Umgangatho ophakathi kunye nocwangciso

Isivumelwano se-NHA siphelo esilandelayo kufuneka siquke amaxhoba adityanisiweyo okunciphisa ukungabi namakhaya, kunye nezigwebo zokungadibani. Urhulumente wezenzo kufuneka athethe ngentlaniselana edityaniswe nemali edityanisiweyo yemali yesizwe kwiziphumo ezinokufezekisayo ``ngokucutha inani labalali abarhabaxayo ngama-50% okanye ukucutha ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokulinda ixesha lokuhlala.

Ukujoliswe ekukhuseleni nakumgangatho wendlu

Bobabini oorhulumente kufuneka baphinde balinganisele imali echithwayo ngaphambi kongenelelo. Umzekelo, ukwandisa “Inkqubo ye-PRIvate Rental Icestion” enika ukuboleka kunye nenkxaso-mali yokuqesha ingakhusela ubuncinane i1,000 yemali ehlawulwayo ngonyaka. Imodeli yokuqala elungele ukuphumelela ekunciphiseni ukungabi namakhaya angapheliyo kwizixeko ezifana neSydney ne Newcastle. Kufuneka ilinganiswe ngokupheleleyo eCanberra, kungekho mithetho enxulumene nokungakhutshwa okanye umsebenzi. I-ACT zigidi eziyi-100 zezigidi zokunikezela iNdawo Kuqala kulungile, kodwa kufuneka ifunwe ukuze idiswe nemfuno.

Ukwandisa iNtlalo neZindlu Ezinexabiso

Utshintsho olunye lwenkqubo olunempembelelo lukunyuselo olukhulu lwezindlu zoluntu. I-CPF:0 imele ijolise ekwakheni iiyunithi ezintsha eziyi-1, ngonyaka weminyaka emihlanu , ezixhaswe ngenkxaso zombini ezibonelelwano kunye neenkqubo zobugcisa ezifana nexabiso lomhlaba ekufumaneni irhafu ekuphuhlisweni kwenkqubela phambili. ICommondelium kufuneka iphinde ikwazi ukuyibuyisela indima yayo njengomakhi ngqo wezindlu − indima eyaye yalahlwa emva konyaka ka-19969. Ukusebenzisana nabaxhasi bezindlu zoluntu kunye nemali yolwando oluphezulu kuxhomekeke kwikomkhulu kuluntu, njengoko kuboniwe kwiBhunga loRhulumente ka-Victorian.

Umiselo loTshintsho lwerhafu

Ngaphandle kotshintsho lwezigiya-giya ezingalunganga kunye nokulahlekelwa yirhafu, yonke imigudu yasekuhlaleni iya kuba iqubha ngokuchasene nokuzala nokurhoxa kolwandle. Abameli, imibutho yoluntu, kunye norhulumente we-ACT kufuneka baqhubeke betyhala ezi nguqulelo ngemizimba njengeBhunga loorhulumente base-Australian (COAG). Okwangoku, i-ACT inokuthi izalisekise irhafu yemali yelizwe eqhubekayo kwirhafu ethwele abanizi bempahla ezininzi, ibuyisela ingeniso kwintelekelelo efikelelekayo yezindlu.

Iinkqubo zenkxaso ezomelezayo zamaqela anokukwazi ukumelana

Ekugqibeleni, ukudibana phakathi kokungabi namakhaya kunye nezinye iingxaki — ugonyamelo lobundlobongela, ukugula ngengqondo, ukukhubazeka, ukuguqulwa kolutsha, kufuneka kujongwe ngokunikezelwa kweenkonzo ezidityanisiweyo. I-Act kufuneka iqhubele phambili “Indlela Enye kunye ne-Referral System". kuzo zonke iinkonzo ezingenamakhaya, iqinisekisa ukuba umntu onikela kuye nawuphi na umnikezi ufumana inkxaso efunekayo ngeyure ezingama-24. Oku kungafana nemodeli yempumelelo eFinland nase Utah, efikelele kufutshane nokungabina khaya ngokusebenzisa umanyano logcino-data-dvondale.

Isiphelo

Ingxaki yokungabi namakhaya kaCanberra ayiyonto ingenakuphepheka ngenxa yemikhosi yezoqoqosho; kumlinganiselo obalulekileyo, iziphumo zokhetho lwenkqubo olwenziwa kumashumi eminyaka kumanqanaba orhulumente nawommandla. Isakhiwo sangoku (``ifederal' phantsi kwemiqathango, ukunikezelwa kwemali, kunye nokungalawuleki kwenkqubo) ziziphumo ezibangela umonakalo owenzakalisa abantu abaninzi abangakwaziyo ukuhlangabezana noluntu. Kodwa indlela engaphambili icacile: ukuthelekisa izitya, ukutshintshwa kokwenyani ekuthinteleni, ukurhweba ngezindlu zoluntu, nokulungisa imimiselo yerhafu ekhutshelwayo. Ukukhupha oku kufuna oku oku okuqhubekayo, ukudibana okuqhubekayo, ukuququzelelana kwengiselwa kwengingo, kunye nokusebenza kwengingqi yengingqi. Oku kusekweyo kuselulawulo oluqhubekekayo kwintengo yokuzinziswa kwemali, nokusetyenziswa kwemali ekhoyo.

[[UMTL_HAWU] Izibonelelo:[[UMKCU]