Iinkqubo zokufundisa zasekuhlaleni zisebenza njengendawo esisiseko yokubumba abafundi abasebenzayo, iphembelela ngokuthe ngqo ukuhlukahluka nokufakwa kwabafundisi-mfundo ezikolweni kulo lonke ilizwe. Le nkqubo ilawula imisebenzi yokuqesha, iimfuno zobugcisa, inkqubela-phambili yemozulu, kunye nezixhobo ezikhoyo, ezithi zigqibe ukuba abafundisi-zobuhlanga, ubuhlanga, nenkcubeko yenkcubeko yabafundi. Inqaku elihlola iingenelo ezinzulu zemfundo, intlalo, kunye neemvakalelo zabo bonke abafundi abafundayo ngeendawo zemfundo, kunye nezobugcisa, abangenelwa ngokubona abafundisi-bafundisi-bafundisi-zombala beneenjongo zabo. Noko ke, nangona imimandla emininzi yesikolo yasekuhlaleni iqhubeka izama ukubhalisa, i-ephaka, i-andle, nokuxhasa abaqeqeqeshi abaqeshi abahlukeneyo. Eli nqaku lihlola iinzuzo ezinzulu zemfundo zemfundo, iiprojekthi zezo zezantluvo, ezisetyenziswa ngezi nkqubo zemigaqo ezisetyenziswayo ezisetyenziswayo.

Ukuqonda Iintlobo - ntlobo Zabafundisi: Azinakuchazwa

Abafundisi abahlukahlukeneyo baquka okungaphezulu nje kokwenziwa kwabemi besikolo; kuquka uludwe lwamava aphilayo, iimbono, kunye nenkcubeko engokwenkcubeko abathe abafundisi- ntsapho bayizisa kwiiklasi zabo. Imisebenzi yokufundisa eyahlukeneyo iquka abantu abavela kwizizwe ezahlukeneyo, intlalo-ntle, intlalo-ntle, imvelaphi yobuzwe, kunye nemvelaphi yobufana, kunye nabo banemilwelwelwe nemimandla eyahlukeneyo. Ukubaluleka kokwahlukahlukana kwemiba kungaphaya komzekelo obalulekileyo: abafundisi-oooooothisha abahlukeneyo basenokuba banokusebenzisa inkcubeko, ukuvelisa iimbono ezininzi, kwaye bakha ulwalamano olunamandla nabafundi abasuka kwiStudiesko lomgangatho ophezulu. Uvavanyo olusuka kwiStudiestioteins kwiStioteins seSty infacential Polity Institute, i-yondredies, iklad, imfundo ephezulu yemfundo, imfundo ephambili, imfundo ephambili, imfundo ephambili.

Imigaqo-nkqubo yokufundisa yasekuhlaleni imisela indlela yokusebenza kolwahluka-hlukeneyo. Ezinye izithili zithabatha iinjongo ezahlukeneyo kwiinjongo zazo ezicwangcisiweyo, ngelinye ixesha zixhomekeke kwiingxelo ezibanzi ezicacileyo, ezinokusetyenziswa. Ngaphandle kwemigaqo-nkqubo ecacileyo, esebenzayo, ukusukela ulawulo lokufundisa oluhlukeneyo kuhlala kungumnqweno kunokuba kube yisiphumo esingenakulungiseka. Ngoko ke, ukuqonda izixhaso zenkqubo ezikhoyo `ukufumana iinjongo'/ukufumana imvume/ukuqulungela/ukuqulungela iibhodi zesithili, iibhodi zesikolo, kunye nabameli basekuhlaleni.

Indlela Amabhinqa Anempembelelo Ngayo Kubantu Basekuhlaleni

Imigaqo-nkqubo yemfundo yasekuhlaleni ingakhuthaza okanye ithiye iinguqu ngemisebenzi emininzi edityanisiweyo. Le nkqubo iquka ukuqeshwa nokuqeshwa, iimfuno zesiqinisekiso, inkqubela-phambili yengcali, kunye namaqhinga okuzigcina. Ummandla ngamnye unika amathuba okungenelela kwenkqubo enokuyandisa okanye inciphe imibhobho eyahlukahlukeneyo.

Inyathelo lokubuyisa kunye nee-hing Pilines

Enye yezona ndlela zingqalileyo ezichaphazela imigaqo-nkqubo yasekuhlaleni eguquguqukayo ngamanyathelo aphambili. Izikolo zingamkela iinkqubo zokufumana abanikezeli abavela kwimbali engaphantsi kwamaqela. Umzekelo, iinkqubo ezixhasa iinkqubo “zinyusa iNdlela Yakho” ezixhasa kwaye zixhase iiparaprofessions, amalungu oluntu, kunye nabafundi besikolo samabanga aphezulu abasuka kwiimvelaphi ezahlukahlukeneyo ukuba ngabafundisi-makhwela. Ngokutsho kwengxelo evela kwiNational Education Association, iinkqubo ezisebenzisana neeyunivesithi zobulali ukunikela uncedo, umalathisi, umalathisi, kunye nomgangatho owenziwe ngemibhobho, ukwandisa inani labafundisi-mfundo abangena kwibala lokusebenza.

Noko ke, ayiyonkqubo yokufumana impumelelo. Iinkqubo zobupolisa ezixhomekeke kuphela kwimiboniso jikelele yomsebenzi okanye kwi-intanethi yokuthumela zidla ngokuvelisa iipateni zamanani akhoyo. Ukuchasa oku, isithili singazalisekisa “uqheliselo lokuqesha ngokufihlakeleyo” olususa amagama kunye nabachongi bamanani kwinghlolo yokuqala yesicelo, lunciphisa ubuqhetseba obungagqibekanga. Ngaphezu koko, iinkqubo ezisebenzisa iprojekthi ezingenisa ungemva okanye ezinye iindlela zokufaka isigqeba somngxuma wenkqubo yokuziko olukwizimo zezamayeza ezithenjiweyo zakhangwa ngabatshintshi bemisebenzi kunye nabantu abanezimvelaphi ezahlukeneyo abasenokuba abangazange baqhubeke belungiselela umfundisi wesithethe.

Uqheliselo olugqugqisayo noKhetho olunokulingana

Kwanangokuba nombhobho onamandla wokufumana usetyenziso, uqheliselo lokuqesha lungakubhinqisa ukutshintsha-tshintsha kwendlela ehlukeneyo ukuba ayiyilwa ngabom. Iinkqubo zongingqi ezigunyazisa iikomiti zokuphendla, zifuna uqeqesho oluhlukeneyo lwabahlolo-ndlebe, kwaye zisebenzisa imithetho ecwangcisiweyo yodliwano-ndlebe enceda ukudambisa ikhethe. Ezinye isithili ziye zamkela “ukuqesha amaxhoba okuqeshwa okuninzi” adibene novavanyo okanye uhlahlo-mali. Umzekelo, iziko lweZiko leMelika yeNguquko lubala lubala oluzibekele iinjongo zokwandisa ipesenti yoohlolo nokhupho lwasekhaya.

Ngokuchaseneyo, imithetho emisela iinkqubo zokudlulisa eziqinileyo ezisekelwe kunyuko oluphezulu okanye ezibeka izicwangciso zabathathi-nxaxheba ngaphandle kokuqwalasela iinguqu. Iibhodi zesikolo kufuneka zigcine intsebenziswano ekhoyo nemigaqo ekhoyo ngononophelo kunye nemfuneko yokudibanisa imisebenzi. Izivumelwano ezidibeneyo eziquka ulwahlulo-guquko oluquka uqesho olukhethwayo lwamaqela angaphantsi kolwazi xa iimfaneleko zilingana, ziyindlela yemithetho esetyenzisiweyo kwimimandla emininzi emikhulu yasedolophini.

Uphuhliso looGcisa neNkcubeko

Uninzi lweendawo ezikhoyo nokuqukwa akuthethi nje kuphela ukuba ngubani ongena eklasini kodwa kwakhona ngendlela abafundisi- ntsapho abaxhaswa ngayo xa belapho. Iinkqubo zoluntu ezigunyazisa ukuqhubekeka kobugcisa kwinkcubeko yokhuphiswano, izithethe ezichasene nezithethe, kunye nemfundiso esabelayo ngokwesithethe zibalulekile ekuveliseni imeko-bume yesikolo ezizimeleyo. Xa bonke abafundisi- ntsapho bengenayo imvelaphi yabo.

Imigaqo-nkqubo yophuhliso loogqirha kufuneka iqhubeke kunokuba ibe yeyokuqala yoshishino. Iimodeli ezisebenzayo ziquka ukukhuthaza, ukujongana noontanga, kunye namaqela ancedisanayo avumela othisha ukuba bahlolisise imisebenzi yabo ngogcino-lwazi nangempendulo. Uphando oluvela kwiZiko lophando lwaseMelika lubonisa ukuba uphando oluqinileyo, olusekelwe kubuchule bomsebenzi lugxininisa ekuphuculeni ubuchule bomfundisi-lwazi nokuzigcina ekhondweni, ngokukodwa kubafundisi-mibala abasoloko bejongene neenqobo ezikolweni ezimhlophe.

Iindlela zokuzigcina kunye neenkqubo zokuxhasa

Ngokulindelekileyo ingathi yeyona nto inzima kwindidi yendidi. Abafundisi-lwazi bemibala bashiya umsebenzi ngexabiso eliphezulu kunabanye abamhlophe abasebenza nabo, ngokufuthi ngenxa yokungaxhaswa kakuhle kolawulo, ukuswela ulawulo, kunye namava ocalucalulo lobuhlanga. Iinkqubo zoluntu zingalwa nolu tyekelo ngokuseka ucebisi olusemthethweni kunye neenkqubo zokukhuthaza ngokukhethekileyo ezenzelwe ukuxhasa abafundisi abatsha bemibala. Umzekelo, “umfundisi-fundisi omtsha uxhasa iinkqubo zekhompyutha ezidibanisa abafundisi kunye nabacebisi abanobuhlanga okanye iimvelaphi zobuhlanga eziye zaboniswa ziphucula ulwaneliseko lomsebenzi nokunciphisa ukujika.

Ukongezelela, iinkqubo ezidala amathuba omsebenzi oqhubeko phambili ngezantsi . njengezinye iindima zokhokelo lomfundisi-lwazi, iindawo ezikhethekileyo zoqeqesho, kunye neendlela zokulawula, /help kuhlala abahlohli abanamava. Xa ootitshala bebona ikamva kwisithili esinye, basenokuhlala. Izithili ziyakwazi ukuzalisekisa “izenzo zokuzinzisa” kwaye ngokwesithethe ziqinisekisa imozulu yesikolo ngemigaqo ekhuthaza ukulwa kwengqeqesho esusa izithethe zoqeqesho nokukhuthaza ilizwi labafundi. Imfundo igxininisa ukuba izikolo ezinemigaqo ekhethekileyo nezivumelwano ezinamandla zentsapho zisenokugcina abasebenzi abahlukeneyo ngenxa yokuba abafundisi-mfundo baziva behlonelwa yaye bexatyiwe njengeingcali.

Impembelelo Yokwahlukahlukana Kwabafundisi Ekudibaniseni Nemiphumo Yabafundi

Isizathu sokunika uqeqesho uqeqesho lwemfundo yabantwana abaphezulu ngemigaqo-nkqubo yasekuhlaleni sisekelwe kwisiseko esiqinileyo sobungqina obudityanisiweyo obudibanisa abafundisi-mfundo abahlukeneyo kwiziphumo eziphuculiweyo zabafundi. Uhlolisiso olubalaseleyo olusuka kwiYunivesithi kaJohns Hopkins lwabonisa ukuba abafundi abamnyama ababenomfundisi-Black omnye kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi babenolwazi oluphezulu kakhulu ukuba baphumelele kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo baze babhalise kolekholeji. Le miphumela yachazwa ngokukhethekileyo ukuba ngamadoda amnyama angenayo. Ngokufanayo, uphando oluvela kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, eLos Angeles, lwabonisa ukuba abafundi be-Latino abafundisayo uqeqesho oluphezulu kakhulu kwiimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo kunye nokubhaliswe kwizifundo ezithengiswe kakhulu.

Ngaphandle kwemfundo, iiyantlukwano zabafundisi zikhuthaza imozulu yesikolo ebandakanya abantu abahlukeneyo. Ngaphezu koko, xa abafundi besebenzisana nabafundisi-mfundo abavela kwiimvelaphi ezahlukahlukeneyo, bakhula benolwazi olungakumbi olunxulumene nolwazelelelo. Abafundisi-bafundisi abagqwethekileyo bayakwazi ukudibanisa iimbono zezizwe kwizifundo zabo, ukucutha nokukhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kolwazi oluhle kubafundi ngemibala. Ngaphezu koko, abasebenzi abahlukeneyo bangasebenza njengabacebisi nabaxhasi abanokuthenjwa nabo banokuziva bejongekelwe phantsi.

Iingxaki Ezijamelene Nazo Amapolisa Asekuhlaleni Ekufikeleleni Iindidi Ezahlukahlukeneyo

Ngaphandle kweenzuzo ezicacileyo, imigaqo-nkqubo yasekuhlaleni isoloko idibana nemiqobo ebalulekileyo. Imiqathango yoqingqo-mali ikukusetyenziswa kweenkqubo zomngeni, izikhuthazo zomvuzo, kunye nenkqubela-phambili yezobugcisa ifuna inkxaso-mali engekhoyo kwisithili ezininzi. Inkcaso yezobupolitika ingasusa amanyathelo ahlukeneyo, ingakumbi xa imigaqo-nkqubo igqalwa njenge “quagno" okanye isongela izilangazelelo zabafundisi- abamisiweyo. Ngaphezu koko, uknazo lwenkqubo zocalulo oluqululo olufakelwe kwimivavanyo yesiqinisekiso kunye neemfuno ze-internailsure zifuna ukuxhasa okungalinganiyo.

Olunye ucelomngeni kukunqongophala kogcino-lwazi kunye nohlalutyo. Izithili ezininzi azilandeli ngokulandelelana kwemiba elungelelanisiweyo engaphaya kweendidi ezibanzi, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukufumanisa ukusebenza kwemigaqo yazo. Ngaphandle kokungacaci ngolwazi olusekelwe ngokohlanga, ubufana, ubufana, nezinye izinto, abenzi bemithetho bangaziqondi ukuba bahlulelene ngokwendlela zabo. Urhulumente kunye nemigaqo-siseko yasekuhlaleni iyakwazi ukugunyazisa ukuqokelelwa kogcino-lwazi kunye nokuxelelwa koluntu njengenyathelo lokuqala lokuphendula.

Uhlolisiso Lwetyala: Amagosa Asekuhlaleni Ayasebenza

Zikhulisele Iinkqubo Zakho Kwimimandla Yasemaphandleni

Kwimimandla encinane, esemaphandleni etsala nzima ukuqesha abafundisi- ntsapho abangaphandle kommandla, “Inkqubo zokwaBantwana” ziphumelele. Umzekelo, imodeli ye-“Teacher Academy” iqhube imodeli kwii-Midwests ezininzi isebenzisana nezikolo eziphakamileyo kunye neekholeji zoluntu ukunikela iikholeji zokufundisa kwasekuqaleni kunye nokufundisa iinkampani ezincedisayo. Abafundi abasuka kuluntu, abaninzi kubo abasuka kumaqela aphantsi kwesizwe okanye amaqela esizwe, bafumana indlela yokubuyela kwiidolophu zabo ukuze bafundise. Imigaqo yasekuhlaleni exhasa ezi ndlela zemfundo yasekuhlaleni ibonelele abafundisi-mibhobho ebonakalisa iqu yabafundi abakwiqumrhu lasekuhlaleni.

Enye ingqinisekiso neenkqubo zokuphinda ufune ukusetyenziswa ngamadolophana

Izithili ezinkulu ezihlala ezidolophini, njengazo zikwisiXeko saseNew York naseChicago, ziye zasebenzisa iinkqubo zomfundisi- ntsapho ezinika uqeqesho lweminyaka emalunga nonyaka phantsi komfundisi- ntsapho ofundisayo ngoxa abatshayi befumana iqondo lobuchule. Ezi nkqubo zifumana ngokukhethekileyo abathathi-nxaxheba kwimimandla yasekuhlaleni. Uhlolisiso lubonisa ukuba abaphumeleleyo abahlala entsimini basengozini yokuhlala kwisithili xa kuthelekiswa nabafundisi-bafundisi- ntsapho abagunyazisiweyo. Iinkqubo zasekuhlaleni ezinika imali (njengeSihlomelo II) kunye nezibophelelo ezingezozingeniso zizixhase ezikhoyo ezibone ukuba ukungenelela kwemigaqo-nkqubo yolawulo kuvelisa impumelelo entle.

Ubuchule bokuqhubela phambili inkqubo

Ukwandisa impembelelo yemigaqo-nkqubo yemfundo yasekuhlaleni kwiinguqu zokufundisa nokufakwa, abenzi benkqubo kunye nabafundisi-mthetho kufuneka bamkele indlela ebanzi, yogcino-lwazi, kunye nokuququzelela uluntu. Ezi zicwangciso zilandelayo zixhaswa luphando kunye noqheliselo olunempumelelo.

Ukufikelela kogcino-lwazi olusemgangathweni

Ngokuthe rhoqo qwalasela iiyantlukwano zomsebenzi wokufundisa kulo lonke ixesha. (ukusukela kwiqumrhu lokufaka isicelo ukuya kuqeshwa, ukugcinwa, nokunyuselwa. Ukudisyiswa kolwazi ngohlanga, ubuhlanga, ubufana, imvelaphi yentlalo, kunye nezinye izithethe ezinxulumene nemeko-ntlalo, kunye noluntu. Sebenzisa le nkcazelo ukuchonga iibhotile zebhotile kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo. Umzekelo, ukuba ulwazi lubonisa ukuba abafundisi-mibala yebala bashiya isithili ngokwemigangatho ephezulu emva kweminyaka emithathu, imigaqo kufuneka iphande ngokukhethekile iimeko zokusebenza, inkxaso yolawulo, kunye nokufumaneka kolawulo olucacileyo.

Ukuncedisana nophuhliso lomgaqo-nkqubo

Abukho ubukho bobupolisa obuphuhliswa ngokuzimela ngokwabo. Umzekelo, ukuba nentlanganiso yokuphulaphula nabafundisi-mibala abanombala olinganayo kunokwenza iimfuno zokwenene. Iintsapho, imibutho yoluntu, amaqumrhu okufundisa, kunye namaqela oluntu asekuhlaleni akwinkqubo yokwenza inkqubo. Ukubophelela uluntu kuqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zibonakalisa umongo okhethekileyo wesithili kwaye zakhe ukuthembana. Umzekelo, ukuphatha iintlanganiso zabafundisi-mibala kungatyhila imingeni efihlakeleyo efana nokungalawuleki okanye ukusweli kwelizwi ekwenzeni izigqibo. Xa uluntu lusenza izicwangciso, luthenge nokwanda.

Ukunikezela Ngezithintelo Zemali Nokususa Izithintelo Zemali

Imiqobo yezemali sisizathu esiyintloko sokuba abantu abanesiphiwo abasuka kwiimvelaphi ezahlukeneyo bangangeni okanye bangahlali ekufundiseni. Iinkqubo zoluntu zinganika imali, imali exolelwayo, kunye nezindlu ezithengwa ngabafundisi-lwazi abasuka kumaqela angaphantsi kwenkonzo. Iinkqubo zokuxolela ezidityaniswe ekusebenzeni kwizikolo ezifuna uncedo oluphezulu ziyasebenza kakhulu. Ngaphezu koko, iinkqubo ezinciphisa iindleko ze-creding [1] ezithi zinciphise iindleko zemali ze-credings zemviwo-eces nokunika uvavanyo lwangaphambili-* ukwandisa umbhobho. “Ukungabikho kombhobho we-Rodanting” iziqinisekiso zeendawo ezithile (umz., imfundo ekhethekileyo, imfundo ephindaphindwa-bini) zinokuxhobisa izikhumbo ezifunekayo.

Yakha Izithethe Zezikolo Eziquka Umgaqo - siseko

Ukuzigcina akuthethi nje ngezizathu zemali; kubalulekile ukuba abafundisi- ntsapho bazive behlonelwa, bexatyisiwe, yaye bekhuselekile. Iinkqubo zasekuhlaleni kufuneka zigunyazise ukudalwa kwamaqela alinganayo esikolweni ngasinye, uhlolisiso oluthe rhoqo lwemozulu, kunye noqheliselo lokulungisa isimilo. Imithetho ekhusela abafundisi- ntsapho ekucalucalulweni nasekunikezeleni iinkqubo ezicacileyo zeziganeko zekhethe ziyimfuneko. Inkokeli zesikolo kufuneka zivavanywe ngamandla azo okukhuthaza imekobume edityanisiweyo, ngeziphumo zokusilela ukufikelela kwiinkqubo ezingekho semthethweni.

Isiphelo: Indlela Engaphambili

Imigaqo-nkqubo yemfundo yasekuhlaleni zizixhobo ezinamandla zokubumba ubuchule bokufundisa ubuchule bokufumana ulutsha kunye nokuququzelela. Ngokuyila ngabom ukuqesha, ukuqesha, inkqubela yezobugcisa, kunye neenkqubo zokuzigcina ezicwangcisa kakuhle izinto ezikhoyo, izikolo zingakha abasebenzi ababonisa intlukwano ezininzi zabafundi abazifumanayo. Ngelixesha imingeni efana noqingqo-mali, ukuchasana kwezobupolitika, kunye nokungavumelani kwenkqubo yezopolitiko kuyaqhubeka, ubungqina obusuka ngaphaya kwelizwe bubonisa ukuba imigudu yenkqubo egxininisiweyo ivelisa iziphumo ezicacileyo. Iinzuzo zemfundo ezingundoqo, iziphumo ezisukruquleleke kakhulu kwimozulu yesikolo, kunye nemibutho yoluntu eluncedo kakhulu.

Ubuncwane bangaphandle nokufunda okubhekele phaya: IZiko lokwandiswa komgaqo-nkqubo inika uphando oluphangaleleyo ngezindlela zokufundisa ezahlukeneyo. I-National Education Association inikela izixhobo zokuntywilisela umbhobho womfundisi. [[FLT:]] [[FLT]] Uthumo lokuthemba [[FLT:]] [[FLT]]] luvelisa iingxelo nge-ectly Explation kwimisebenzi. iziko zokuqhuba inkqubela yaseMelika icetyokukhutha ngokukhutshwa., ukudityaniswa [[FLT] uphando lophando oludityanisiweyo][FLT][FT]