Uncedo lwamanye amazwe njengeNdlela yokuSebenza yoNyaka: Amathuba kunye neentlekele

Uncedo lwamanye amazwe luye lwangundoqo kwinkqubela yezizwe ngezizwe kangangamashumi eminyaka. Oorhulumente, amaziko ahlukahlukeneyo anjengeWorld Bank kunye neNkxaso yeMali yeNtshona Koloni, kunye nemibutho engeyoyamashishini angaphandle ithumela amakhulu ezigidi zeerandi ngonyaka kumazwe asakhasayo. Nangona iinjongo ezicacileyo zisoloko ziquka ukuncitshiswa kobuhlwempu, inkqubela-ntle yempilo, kunye nesakhiwo sesiseko sesiseko semfundo, iziphumo ezithelekisa ushishino kunye namashishini amancinane akhoyo, zinamandla anzima. Xa zenziwe zaneebhanki, kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokucinga kakuhle, uncedo lwamanye amazwe lunganikezela ngenkomfamakene, uqeqesho, kunye nonxulumano lwemashishini anxulumene ne-micronericene, amancinane, kunye ne-microziney-markssssssssss zifuna ukuphumelela. Ngokuchasene zoqoqosho, iinkqubo eziphucukuhle kakhulu zinokukhuthaza, zigqwetha, ziphazamisa iimari, yaye zingquzukisa umoya woshishino zasekuhlaleni, yaye zingquzukisa iinjiso.

Ukuqonda ububanzi obupheleleyo kufuna ukujonga ngaphaya kwamanani oncedo oludibeneyo. NgokweKomiti yoPhuhliso lwe- ye-OECD yoPhuhliso oluphambili, uncedo olusemthethweni (ODA) luphelele kwi-R14 bhiliyoni yezigidi nge 2022. Isabelo esibalulekileyo sihamba kwiinkqubo zokujolisa uphuhliso lwamacandelo azimeleyo, inkxaso encinane yezoshishino, kunye noqeqesho lorhwebo. Ukanti ubuchule bezi nkqubo buyehluka kakhulu ngokommandla, icandelo, kunye nokufikelela komsebenzi. Amacandelo alandelayo ahlola imijelo engundoqo aphembelela oomatilo bamazwe angaphandle, kunye neziphumo ezinokusetyenziswa koncedo lwamanye amazwe.

Imiphumo Efanelekileyo Yoncedo Lwamanye Amazwe Kushishino Oluncinane

Ukudityaniswa kweLikomkhulu Nokufumana Imali

Enye yeengenelo ezithe ngqo zoncedo lwamanye amazwe kukujoliswa kwekomkhulu kwezoqoqosho zasekuhlaleni. Amashishini amaninzi amancinane akumazwe angenayo imali eninzi asebenza “kwisiqingatha semali” esiphakathi: makhulu kakhulu ukuba angasetyenziswa kwimicrocredit kodwa angenayo imbali yemali eqingqiweyo okanye esesikweni yemali ukuba afanelekele ukubolekisa ngemali ebhankini. Iinkqubo ezithenjiweyo zingawuvala lo msantsaba ngeendlela ezininzi:

  • [[UMTL:0] Imali ehlawulwayo – Imali ethe ngqo, engahlawulwayo yeemfuno ezithile zeshishini ezifana nokuthengwa kwezixhobo, ulwandiso loluhlu, okanye inkqubela-phambili yemveliso.
  • [[NTL:0] Imicrocrent kunye nemali-mboleko ephantsi – amaqabane amaninzi oncedo namaqumrhu emali asekuhlaleni ukuboleka imali encinane efuna imvume kubathengisi abanokuthi ngenye indlela bakhutshwe.
  • [[UMTHETHO: 0] ikomkhulu lemali kunye nemali epheleleyo – ezinye iinkqubo zimisela iziphumo zemali yotyalo-mali ethatha izicwangciso ezithenjiswayo zokuqalisa zasekuhlaleni, zinika kungekuphela nje ikomkhulu kodwa kwanokhokelo lwequmrhu.

Ngokomzekelo, i-Agency ye- U.S. yeNkcubeko yezizwe ngezizwe (USAID) iqhuba inyathelo lophuhliso loshishino eliye lasusa ngaphezu kwe-R1 000 000 000 ze linike imali ebolekisiweyo lize linike amashishini amancinci anqumla eAfrika, okuphumela ekuvelisweni komsebenzi obalulekileyo nonyuselo lwengeniso. Uvavanyo lwama-2021 lwe-USAID kwi-APinerateenpreneurship (PACE) inkqubo ifumanise ukuba ukuba ukuthabatha ingeniso enkampaninileyo kwandisa ngomlinganiselo wama-40% e-40% e-25% kwaye kwandisa ukusebenza kwawo ngeminyaka emibini.

Ukwakha Okufanelekileyo Noqeqesho Lobuchule

Uncedo lwamanye amazwe ludla ngokugqitha kubuncwane bemali ukuze lufake ingeniso kwikomkhulu labantu. Iinkqubo zoqeqesho kulawulo loshishino, ukufundiswa kwemali, ubugcisa, ukuthengiswa kobugcisa zizinto eziqhelekileyo ezidityanisiweyo zoncedo. Ezi nkqubo zinokuba negalelo elibalulekileyo kubathengisi bokuqala abangafumani mfundo esesikweni yezoshishino.

I-FOOR Organization (ILO) Isiqalo noNxuluno lweshishini Lakho (SIYB), exhaswa ngoorhulumente abaninzi abanikelayo, iqeqeshe izigidi zoosomashishini kumazwe angaphezu kwekhulu. Uhlolo lubonisa ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba bangama-20-30% basoloko besebenza emva kweminyaka emibini xa bethelekiswa nabangathathi-nxaxheba, kwaye kwakhona banika ingxelo yengeniso ephezulu kunye noqheliso olungcono lwemali. Ngokufanayo, iBhanki yehlabathi i-Entreneurship kunye nodweliso lwenkqubo ye-Invation ibonelela uncedo lobugcisa kukuqala kwe-6, i-2001, inceda ukuba iphuhliseprojectives-types kunye nolwazi olusebenzayo lwehlabathi lonke.

Uphuhliso lwezibonelelo kunye nokufumaneka korhwebo

Umthetho ophuculiweyo ungundoqo wezorhwebo. Uncedo lwamazwe angaphandle lunemisebenzi ephambili exhaswa ngemali enjengendlela, amazibuko, igridi, iinkqubo zonxibelelwano, kunye neenkqubo zokunkcenkceshela. Ukuphucula ingqalelo kunceda amashishini amancinane ngokunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza, ukucutha amatyathanga okubonelela, nokuvula imijelo emitsha yokusasaza.

Ngokomzekelo, “Inkqubo yeNkcubeko yoPhuhliso lwama-Afrika e-Infrapublic Development e-” (PIDA) ibeka iinkalo ezinqamleza iipaseji ezisetyenziswayo ekunqumleni i-translay enceda abalimi abancinane namagcisa ukuba bafikelele kwiimarike yenginali yengingqi. Uphuculo lwendlela oluxhaswa yiEuropean Union kumaphandle asemaphandleni eGhana lwanciphisa iindleko zothutho ngabathengi basekuhlaleni nge-50% yazandisa isiseko sabo kwiidolophu ngaphambili ezazigqalwa njengekude kakhulu. Ukufumaneka kophando oluthembekileyo kuTanzalo lwafumanisa ukuba iinkampani ezincinane ezinxulumene ne-gridi ezifumana ukwanda kwemali emali efumaneka kunyaka engama-20% xa kuthelekiswa neenkampani ezingenamandla.

Ukongezelela, imisebenzi yonxulumano oludityanisiweyo ye-SNV efana neendawo ze-intanethi yoluntu okanye ugcino-lwazi oluncinane oluhambayo olunokusetyenziswa ngabarhwebi bezithuthi zekhompyutha (*) ukwamkela izixhobo zamanani zokuhlawula, ulawulo loluhlu, kunye ne-eʽcommerce. ERwanda, umanyano phakathi korhulumente nombutho wenkqubela-phambili wehlabathi lonke lwanceda abathengi abancinane bamkela iinkqubo zemali ezihambayo, benyusa ukuthengiswa kwabo kwemihla ngemihla nge-15% kwaye behlisa ubusela obunxulumene nelahleko.

Ukuthunyelwa kobuxhakaxhaka kunye nenkxaso yokufuduswa

Iinkqubo ezininzi zoncedo lwamanye amazwe ziquka ukudluliswa kobugcisa, ukwenza izixhobo eziphambili, i-software, okanye iindlela zokuvelisa ezifikelelekayo kumashishini asekuhlaleni. Oku kunempembelelo engakumbi kwishishini, ekwenzeni, nakwiicandelo lamandla avuselelwayo. Ngokomzekelo, iJapan International Cooperation Agency (JACA) ibonelele ubugcisa obugqithisileyo kwintsebenziswano encinane yobisi eMpuma Afrika, nto leyo ebangela ukuba zikwazi ukuqhuba nokuthengisa ubisi ngaphandle kokuphangwa.

Izikhundla kunye nee-incubater, ezisoloko ziqaliswe ngenkxaso-mali yangaphandle, ukunikezelwa kwasekuqaleni kweqonga. I- “iHub” eNairobi, eKenya, yafumana inkxaso-mali yembewu evela kubantu behlabathi jikelele kuquka iRockefeller Foundation kwaye ukususela ngoko yaxhasa amakhulu eezobugcisa. Ingxelo yefuthe lobuchwephesha yabonisa ukuba iHubûincoincocuted yaqala imisebenzi emitsha engaphezulu kwe-1,500 yezigidi ezingama-50 (50) inyusa imali esukela kwi-Rocessionsss `itementsy yendlela yoncedo oluzinziwayo.

Iingxaki Neengozi Zoncedo Lwamanye Amazwe Kubantu Abahlala Kuloo Ndawo

Ukunyaniseka ‘ Nomgibe OyiAdim”

Enye yezingxinano ezizingisileyo zoncedo lwamanye amazwe kukuba idala umjikelo wokuxhomekeka, ingakumbi xa izixa ezininzi zokunika imali zihamba ngqo kumashishini amancinci ngaphandle kwendlela yokuphuma ecacileyo. Abasebenzi be-evenkile bangenza imisebenzi yabo ilunge ngakumbi ukuzalisekisa iimfuno zomnikeli kunokuqhelanisa neemeko zokwenene zemarike. Xa iphela imali iphela, la mashishini asoloko ewohloka.

Uhlolisiso lwamashishini amancinane angokolimo eMalawi lwafumanisa ukuba iinkampani ezifumana inkxaso-mali ephindaphindwayo evela kwii-NGOs zamazwe ngamazwe zazingenamathuba aneleyo okubuyisela ingeniso kwinkqubela-phambili yezoshishino okanye ukudibanisa ingeniso yazo kunye neefekthane ezifana naleyo ingakhange ifumane uncedo. Endaweni yoko, zabela ubuncwane bokufikelela iimfuno kunye nokugcina ulwalamano lomntu enikela ngenkonzo. Oku “kuninzi komgibe” kunokuthintela ukuvela kwemichiza kunye nokufaka engozini oko kuqhutyelwa kwezo zemali ezisempilweni yemali.

Ukuphazamiseka Ngeentswelo Zendawo Nezinto Eziza Kuqala

Iinkqubo zoncedo zamazwe angaphandle zidla ngokuyilwa ngabantu abangayiqondi ngokupheleleyo izithethe zasekuhlaleni, imikhosi yezorhwebo, okanye indlela yokuziphatha yabathengi. Indlela yohlobo oluthile yokulungisa ikhokelela kwiimodeli ezingafaniyo. Umzekelo, iinkqubo zoqeqesho ezikhiwe kwimifanekiso yezoshishino yaseNtshona zingagxininisa izivumelwano ezisemthethweni kunye namatyathanga aphakathi, ngelixa amashishini amaninzi amancinane esebenza kwiinkqubo zokunxibelelana ezingacwangciswanga nokuthembana. Abathathi-nxaxheba bangala okanye basebenzise ezi zixhobo, bachithe imithombo enikezelayo kunye nokuthandabuza ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zangaphandle.

Ngokufanayo, imisebenzi yoncedo etyhalela phambili ubugcisa obuthile .enjengenkqubo eziphambili zokunkcenkceshela kwimimandla enendawo ezisikelwe umda kunye nobuchule bokulungisa, iziphumo zezixhobo ezibiza imali elele phantsi. Uhlolo lwama-2019 lwe-Global Development lwafumanisa ukuba i 35% yezixhobo zokulima ezinikezelwa ziinkqubo zoncedo lwamazwe angaphandle kwi- 88Saharan Afrika azizange zisetyenziswe kwiminyaka emibini emva kokufakwa, ubukhulu becala ngenxa yokuba uqeqesho kunye nokubonelela iintambo zokuxhasa izinto ezigciniweyo zazingahoywanga.

Ukuphangalala Kwemicimbi Yasekuhlaleni Nokhuphiswano

Uncedo olukhulu lwamazwe angaphandle lungaphazamisana namaxabiso asekuhlaleni orhwebo. Xa abameli boncedo bengenisa iimpahla ngqo okanye beseka iindawo zokuthengisa ezincinane, banganciphisa abavelisi nabarhwebi basekuhlaleni. Ekuqaleni koo 2000, ukuthunyelwa koncedo lokutya lelayisi namasimi kumazwe amaninzi aseNtshona Afrika adandatheke kakhulu kangangokuba abalimi abancinane bangakwazi ukukhuphisana; abaninzi abanini-fama babo. Bangawashiya amafama abo kwicandelo leenkonzo: xa amazwe ngamazwe ngamazwe e-NGO enikela ngesisa okanye ngokunzima ukucebisana namashishini amancinane, abacebisi bezoshishina amashishini basekuhlaleni basenokuphulukana nabaxhasi.

Uncedo lwamanye amazwe lungakhetha iifeme ezinkulu, ezinxulumene nezobupolitika. Izivumelwano zezibonelelo ezininzi zidla ngokunikwa iinkampani zokwakha zamazwe ngamazwe kunokuba zinikwe abakhi basekuhlaleni ngenxa yokufumana imithetho exhasa ukukhuphiswano okukhulu okungamaqondo aphezulu. Oku akugcini nje ngokukhupha oosomashishini basekuhlaleni kwimpembelelo yezoqoqosho kodwa kukwakhuthaza ukungalingani okukhoyo.

Ukunganyaniseki, Ukungathobeli Nokubanjwa Kwezobupolitika

Ubuninzi bemali yoncedo bungabangela amathuba okunganyaniseki, ingakumbi kumazwe alawulwa kancinci. Iingxowa-mali ezicetyiselwe ukuxhasa okuncinane koshishino zingaphambukiselwa kwiqela eliphezulu okanye zisetyenziswe ukuxhasa. Kwanaxa urhwaphilizo lungagqithisi, uphando lungalibazisa ukususwa kwemiqathango yolawulo olunzima kwaye lufake imithwalo enzima yezolawulo kwiifektha encinane. Iingxelo zemali ezininzi zinokuchitha ixesha elininzi zigcwalisa iifomu zokunikela kunokuba zisebenze amashishini azo. [[FLT: 0]] Uphando oluninzi luye lwanxibelelanisa uphando olubi ngokuphindaphindiweyo lusebenzisa uphando olungalunganga lokungalungisi kookrwelo kumazwe afumana urhwaphiso olunelo, nto elonakalisa inkoliso barhwebi abasweleyo abarhwebi abangenayo.

Ubuchule bokuhlisa impembelelo entle yoncedo lwamazwe angaphandle kwingingqi yoluntu

Ukuba ngumnini wasekuhlaleni kunye noyilo lwenkqubo ebandakanyekileyo

Iinkqubo zoncedo zamanye amazwe ezisebenza kakuhle ziphatha oosomashishini basekuhlaleni hayi njengabangeneli abangasebenziyo kodwa njengabasebenzi abasebenzayo. Imigaqo yokuyila iprojekthi ``iinginginya zoshishino, urhwebo, kunye namagosa karhulumente wasekuhlaleni anceda ekucwangciseni izinto eziza kuqala kunye nokuyilwa kokusetyenziswa kweprojekthi ``Isikhokelo sikhokelela ekungeneleni okufanelekileyo nokuhambelana neemfuno zokwenene zentengiso. Abanikazi bafumana ngokuqhubekayo imodeli yemali apho inkxaso-mali ikhutshwa ngokweziphumo ezisekelwe kwintelekelelo ejolisekileyo.

Ngokomzekelo, iinkqubo ze- “Emondment and Livelibous" zeBhanki kuMzantsi Asia zibandakanya iikomiti ezisekelwe kuluntu ezidibanisa izicelo ezincinane ezikhoyo. Ezi komiti zijongene nokukhetha ukuba ngawaphi amashishini amancinane afumana inkxaso kunye neziphumo zokuhlola. Uhlolisiso lubonisa ukuba iinkqubo ezinjalo zinesantya esiphezulu esiphezulu ngokwee-30% ngokokuphumelela koshishino kunye nonyuko lwengeniso oluphezulu xa kuthelekiswa namaqhinga okunika ingeniso.

Ukunikezelwa kweenkonzo zemali ezidityanisiweyo

Kunokunikela izibonelelo okanye iimali-mali, iinkqubo zoncedo zangaphandle ezinamandla zidibanisa iinkonzo zemali kunye nenkxaso engeyoyoyo yemali enjenge-[6] uqeqesho, ulawulo, kunye nokudityaniswa kwemarike. “ulwandiso” luye lwafikela, ngu-BRAC eBangladesh kwaye ngoku lwamkelwa ngokubanzi yimibutho efana Iqela loncedo lwemali lokuxhasa amahlwempu (CGAP)[FLT],[FLT], ibone ipakelele ipakethe elandelelanayo: ukuxhasa iimfuno ezisisiseko, imali egciniwe kunye noqeqesho lobuchule, ukuthunyeza izinto eziluncedo, kwaye emva kweenyanga ezili-1824, abathathi-nxaxheba bayakwazi“ ukuzixhasa ngokwabo ngaphandle kokulawulwa kwemiqobo. [FLT], ukuxhasa ukuphumelela kocwangciso olunezelelweyo oluphezulu kunyaka-5%, ukusetyenziswa nokuncitshiswa kolawulo lokulawulwa kweminxeba lwezimo lokutya.

Iinkqubo zorhwebo ezisekelwe kwiNdlela yokuSebenza neNdlela yokuQela

Uncedo lwamanye amazwe lungasebenza ngakumbi xa lusebenza ngelinye ixesha kunezikhundla ezichaseneyo ne-$nartet. Kunokuxhasa ngokuthe ngqo amashishini, amaqumrhu oncedo angakhuthaza ukuveliswa kwemali yecandelo loluntu ngemali edityanisiweyo: ukubolekisa ngetyala elisicaba, ukuboleka imali encinci, okanye uncedo lobugcisa kwiibhanki zorhwebo kunye nabanikazi bemali abasebenzisa oosomashishini basekuhlaleni. Oku kufikelela kwinkqenkqesho yemali ekhoyo ukuze kudibane abantu kwikomkhulu labucala kwaye kuqinisekisa ukuba amashishini akhethwe ngokusekelwe kwimali eluncedo kunokuba kukhethelwe ukunikela.

Ulawulo loPhuhliso loMsebenzi wetyala loMsebenzi we-USAID lungumzekelo ophawulekayo. Ngokunika iziqinisekiso ezisicaba kwiimali ezibolekiweyo ezenziwa ngamaqumrhu emali, i-DCA iqokelele ngaphezu kwama-66 ezigidi zezigidi zemali ebolekiweyo ngasese kumashishini amancinane kumazwe angaphezu kwama-70. Isiqinisekiso sinciphisa ubungozi beebhanki, sibenza bakwazi ukubolekisa abathengisi abanokuthi ngenye indlela babonakale beyingozi kakhulu. Imali emiselweyo e-DCAÍguaraguarante ebolekayo ihleli phantsi (ngaphantsi kwe-5%), ibonisa ukuba intengo yeshishini elincinane inokuba luncedo kwaye iyakwazi ukulondolozwa xa ithenjiwe kakuhle.

Ukuqinisa iziko lasekuhlaleni kunye nemibutho yokuxhasa ishishini

Imeko-bume yoshishino oluzinzileyo zixhomekeke kumaqumrhu asekuhlaleni anamandla: amaqumrhu orhwebo, amaziko okuphuhlisa amashishini, amagumbi oshishino, kunye nezikolo zoqeqesho lobuchule. Olu ncedo lufanele lumisele ukwakhiwa kwamandla ale mibutho kunokuba idlule. Ngokomzekelo, umnikeli angaxhasa inkqubo yoqeqesho kumaziko oshishino asekuhlaleni okanye axhobise igumbi lorhwebo ngezixhobo zemichiza ukudibanisa amalungu entengiso nemali. Le ndlela yoqeqesho iqinisekisa ukuba ubuchule neenkonzo zihlale kumazwe emva kwexesha elide emva kokuba umsebenzi othile woncedo uphelile.

I-Netherlands Entrepreneurial Development Bank (FMO) isebenzisa imodeli yokwakha amandla anika uqeqesho, uqeqesho, kunye nesiqinisekiso sabaxhasi boshishino basekuhlaleni eAfrika nase-Asia. Uhlolo lubonisa ukuba amashishini asebenzisa aba banikezeli basekuhlaleni aphumeza ngcono kunabo bafumana uncedo oluthe ngqo: banikela ingxelo kuma-30% abathengi abafumana amaxabiso aphezulu kunye nemali aphantsi ayi-15%. Abanikezeli basekuhlaleni baba ngamashishini aphumelelayo, bedala isiphumo sokwandisa uluntu kulo lonke ixesha.

Ulawulo lokuHlalutyo, uHlolo, kunye noLawulo oluLungiselelayo

Ekugqibeleni, iinkqubo zoncedo lwamanye amazwe kufuneka ziquke uhlolo olungqongqo kunye novavanyo (M&E) ngobuchule bokulawula. IM&E eqhelekileyo igxininisa kwiziphumo (umz., inani leemali-mboleko zisusiwe) kuneziphumo (umz., ukukhula okuxhathisiweyo koshishino, ukudalwa komsebenzi, okanye ukunciphisa ubuhlwempu). Abani kunye namaqabane asebenza kunye nabo kufuneka basebenzise iimvavanyo ezilawulwa ngokungakhethiyo, uvavanyo lokuzibophelela, kunye neeseko zenkcazelo ezithe rhoqo ezibavumela ukuba bajikele xa ungenelelo lungasebenzi.

Abudul Latif Jameel Ubuhlwempu Isenzo se-Lab (JGAPAL) ixhase ukusetyenziswa kobungqina obungqongqo ekuyileni. Uphando lwabo kwimicrocredit, umzekelo, lutyhile ukuba iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo ze-microcreedit zineziphumo ezisezantsi ku-avareji kodwa zinokuphuculwa ngokuphawulekayo ngokulungisa ubungakanani bemali ebolekiweyo, ukuhlawula uludwe, kunye nemigaqo yokujolisa. Iinkqubo ezifakele ezi inguqulelo ezisekelwe kulwazi oluneenkcukacha zabona ukukhula ngokuphinda-phinda kabini kwenani leshishini xa kuthelekiswa naleyo inganjalonganjalonganjalonganjalo.

Isiphelo: Ukusebenzisa Izixhobo Zokunceda Amazwe Asemzini

Uncedo lwangaphandle aluyondawo yokudala okanye ityhefu kurhwebo lwasekuhlaleni. Iziphumo zayo zixhomekeke ngokuphandle kwinkcubeko, ukuzalisekisa, umongo, kunye nolawulo. Xa lujezelelwa ngobulumko . Ngokudibanisa ucwangciso lwemali nolungelulo, iinkonzo zezentengiso, iindlela ezisekelwe kushishino, kwaye amaziko anamandla asekuhlaleni (aid) angavula amandla okudala kunye nezoqoqosho zamashishini amancinane, ukunyusa uluntu lonke. USAID, BRAC, iWorld Bank, kunye nabanye babonisa ukuba uncedo olufanelekileyo lwamanye amazwe lusebenza ngokwenene.

Kodwa ubungozi bubobobo bokwenene. Ukweyiseka, ukunganyaniseki, ukujijwa, ukurhwebelana, kunye norhwaphilizo kungaguqula uncedo lube ngumqobo kunokuba lube yintlukwano. Indlela engaphambili ifuna ukuthobeka kwicala labanikeli: ukukulungela ukuphulaphula oosomashishini, ukuqhelanisa izinto ezikhoyo zasekuhlaleni, kwaye ukuyeka ukuxhasa njengoko amashishini ehamba ngokwawo. Oorhulumente, abadlali bamacandelo oonontlalo-ntle, kunye nabantu belizwe kufuneka basebenzisane ekuyileni iinkqubo zoncedo ezilungeleleneyo kunokuba bakhuphisane nenyathelo lasekuhlaleni. Ekugqibeleni, ukuphumelela kolwando oluncinane lweprojenti kuya kulinganiswa kungenjalo ngemali esasazwayo, kodwa ngamandla nangokuzinziswa kwemisebenzi echumayo emva kwexesha elide emva kokuba imali isetyenzisiwe.