Indima yabaPhathi-mikhosi ekuxhaseni iinkqubo zokutya zasekuhlaleni

Abaphathi bezixeko banesikhundla esikhethekileyo sokuqhuba ukuphuhliswa kwenkqubo yoomatshini abanamandla bokutya. Njengoko abaphathi-mikhosi abaphezulu boomasipala babo belawula ukwenziwa kwenkqubo, ukwabiwa kolwabiwo-mali, kunye nokusebenza kwemibutho enxulumeneyo. Ukuqinisa iinkqubo zokutya akuyongxaki nje yempilo yasekuhlaleni, yinkqubo yokuphuhlisa imekobume, inyathelo eliphambili, kunye nokuxhasa iinkqubo zokutya zasekuhlaleni. Ngokuxhasa iinkqubo zokutya zasekuhlaleni, abaphathi bezixeko banganceda ukwakha amaqela anokumelana nokuxhotyiswa kokuditya okuneyo, ukuxhasa abalimi abancinane, nokuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abemi bayakwazi ukufikelela ekutyeni okutsha, okunesondlo.

Ukuqonda Iinkqubo Zokutya Zasekuhlaleni

Inkqubo yokutya yasekuhlaleni ibhekisela kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa, yokulungisa, yokuhambisa, nokutya ukutya kwindawo echaziweyo, iqhele ukuba yisixeko, ingingqi, okanye ingingqi. Ziphawuleka ngokufunyana kwemixokelelwano, ulwalamano olungqalileyo phakathi kwabavelisi nabathengi, kwaye zijolise kwimveliso ezikhuliswe ngamaxesha athile nangaxhaphakanga. Ezi nkqubo zingathatha iintlobo ezininzi: iimarike zabalimi, iinkqubo zokulima ezixhaswa ngabemi, iifama zasedolophini, iziko zokutya, izitiya zesikolo, iifama, iiprojelo zefama, kunye neenkqubo zefama ezimele i-institution.

Iingenelo zeenkqubo zokutya ezinamandla zasekuhlaleni zibhalwe kakuhle. Zinciphisa umlinganiselo wekharbon onxulunyaniswa nezithuthi zokutya ezinde zexesha elide, ukulondoloza amafama nendawo eluhlaza, kwaye zijikelezisa imali phakathi kwezoqoqosho zasekuhlaleni. Ngokutsho kwe [[FLT: 0] i-USDARMERS Mokers Mekery Tells[, intengiso ethengiselwa ngqo kwintengiso yemarike kuphela engenisa imali engaphezulu kwamawaka ezigidi zeerandimali. Ngaphezu koko, iinkqubo zokutya zasekuhlaleni zikhuthaza ukukhethwa kokudla ngokuphucula iindlela ezisemgangathweni ezingaphantsi kwengingqini ezigciniweyo, ezibizwa ngokuba “zikotyiweyo."

Amalungu angundoqo enkqubo yokutya yasekuhlaleni

  • Iprojekthi: iquka iifama eziqhelekileyo, iifama zasedolophini, imiyezo yoluntu, imiyezo yamatye, kunye nemisebenzi yenqanawa enamaphiko aphuma emanzini kwisixeko.
  • [[UMTL:0] Ukulungisa: Isikali esincinci somatshini wokutya, amakhitshi athengiselwayo, kunye nabavelisi bexabiso abadityanisiweyo (umz., imijam, impahla yobulali, izinto ezibhakiweyo, imveliso engenagwele).
  • Izabelo: iimarike zabalimi, iCSA, amagumbi okutya, iinkqubo zefama ukuya kwisikolo semfundo, kunye neemarike zeselula.
  • Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokutyela, izikolo, izibhedlele, kunye neentsapho ezibeka izithako ezisemgangathweni wasekuhlaleni kwindawo yokuqala.
  • Ulawulo lothutho: iinkqubo zokuqokelela, ukunciphisa inkunkuma yokutya, kunye nokuphatha okuninzi okuveliswayo.

Abaphathi bezixeko kufuneka bazi ukuba la maqhekeza adityanisiweyo axhasa inkqubo yonke. Ngaphandle koluvo lobukho bemveliso, imigudu yokunyusa imveliso ingasilela ukuba iziqhagamshelanisi zokusasaza okanye iimfuno zabathengi ziyatyeshelwa.

Indima yabaPhathi-mikhosi: Ukhokelo olufanelekileyo

Abaphathi bezixeko basebenza njengebhulorho phakathi kwamagosa anyuliweyo, iintloko zesebe, abagcini-mali bezentlalo, kunye necandelo labucala. Ukhokelo lwabo lungakhawulezi okanye lungasithinteli inkqubela-phambili yenkqubo yokutya yasekuhlaleni. Ngasezantsi kukho iindawo eziphambili apho abaphathi bezixeko banokuba nempembelelo enkulu khona.

Uphuhliso loMgaqo-nkqubo kunye noLawulo

Abaphathi bezixeko bangancomela kwaye bancede inkqubo yokwakha imeko-bume entle yokutya kwasekuhlaleni. Oku kuquka ukuqokelela imiyalelo yokusebenza kweendawo zoshishino ukuze kuvunyelwe ukulima ezidolophini, ukunyusa imfuyo kwiindawo zokuhlala, kunye nokuseka iimarike zabalimi kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke. Umzekelo, i- iZiko lokuHlela iMelika elibalaselisa ukuba izixeko ezininzi zihlaziyiwe ngokuvumela “amafama e-urban” ukuba asetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo, ashenxise imfuno yemvume ebiza imali ekhethekileyo. Abaphathi beziXeko bangakwakhuthaza ukugwetywa kwemithetho efuna izakhiwo zifumane umlinganiselo wokutya okuvela kubavelisi-o basekuhlaleni, okanye oko kubangela izikhungo zerhafu yerhafu yokuvula iivenkile zokutya.

Ukuhlaliswa kweZibonelelo kunye noHlahlo-mali

Ukwabiwa kwezibonelelo okunempumelelo kuyinto enzima. Abaphathi beziXhosa bajonge uqingqo-mali lwaminyaka le kwaye banokulathisa izimali kwinkqubo yokutya yasekuhlaleni efana nethi:

  • izitiya ezinomthunzi kunye neefama zasedolophini: ukuxhasa ukufumana umhlaba, ukuvavanya umhlaba, ukufikelela emanzini, kunye nezixhobo zokuthutha iseyile.
  • [[UMTL:0] Iziko lokutya: icandelo lokutyela, indawo yokugcina izinto ezibandayo, kunye nokusasaza iimoto ezinceda abalimi abancinane bahlalise kunye nokuthengisa imveliso yabo.
  • Imfundo kunye nokuphuma: iiklasi zentshontsho yentshontsho, imiboniso yokupheka, kunye nezifundo zesikolo ezinyusa imfuneko yokutya kwasekuhlaleni.
  • Inkqubela-phambili ye-Markut: ibonelelo zokuseka iimarike zabalimi, kuquka isayina, urhwebo, kunye neenzuzo ze-elektroniki zokudlulisa oomatshini (EBT) ukwamkela iinzuzo ze-SNAP.

Abaphathi bezixeko banganika urhulumente iprojekthi yokuxhotyiswa kokudla okusemgangathweni ("FLT:0]] udweliso lwenkqubo yoluntu lweeprojekthi ze-Food ]-ukuzongeza imali yasekuhlaleni. Ngokubeka kuqala iinkqubo zokutya kwiingxoxo zoqingqo-mali, babonisa ukuba oku kuyinto ephambili kuluntu lwexesha elide, hayi umdla odlulayo.

Ukwakha nokudibanisa

Akukho sixeko sinokwakha inkqubo yokutya yasekuhlaleni yodwa. Abaphathi bezixeko bangabahlali bemida, bakwazi ukuhlanganisa abafaki-nxaxheba abaninzi abasoloko beneenjongo ezingqubanayo. Bangamisela iinkqubo zokutya eziquka abalimi, iivenkile, amagosa esebe lezonyango, abalawuli besikolo, nabameli bengingqi. La mabhunga alungiselela ingingqi yokuchaza amanqam, ukwabelana ngogcino-lwazi, nokuqululelana ngezenzo. Abaphathi bezixeko nabo bavumela unxulumano lwamaqumrhu kawonke, njengesibhedlele sasekuhlaleni esivuma ukuthenga izinto ezivela kwiifama, okanye umhambisi womhlaba kwiprojekthi entsha yokuhlala.

Imfundo Kawonke - wonke Nokuncedisa

Abaphathi bezixeko bangasebenzisa iqonga labo ukukhuthaza iingenelo zokutya kwasekuhlaleni. Oku kungabandakanya ukuqalisa iphulo elithi “Yazi Umlimi Wakho”, ukupapasha isikhokelo sokutya kwasekuhlaleni, okanye ukulungiselela ingqungquthela yokutya yasekuhlaleni. Bangaqinisekisa ukuba uthungelwano lukamasipala (amaphecana, amaphephandaba, amajelo asekuhlaleni) lubalaselisa ucwangciso lwabalimi lokuthengisa kunye nocwangciso lokutya kwamaxesha onyaka. Xa abemi beqonda iingenelo lwezoqoqosho kunye nezempilo zokuthenga ingingqini, basenokutshintsha indlela abathenga ngayo izinto.

ISebe eliSebenzayo

Inkqubo yasekuhlaleni yokutya ichaphazela amasebe amaninzi esixeko: ukuceba, iipaki kunye nokuzihlaziya, inkqubela yezoqoqosho, impilo kawonke-wonke, imisebenzi kawonke-wonke, kwanezikolo. Abaphathi beziXeko banikwe imbopheleleko yokuqinisekisa ukuba la masebe asebenza kwikonsathi kunokuba abe kwi-silos. Umzekelo, isebe lokucwangcisa lingavumela ifama entsha yasedolophini, ngoxa isebe lezempilo kufuneka liyihlole, kwaye isebe lezoshishino likawonke-wonke-wonke kufuneka linike amanzi. Umphathi wesixeko angaseka iinkqubo zokutya eziziintlobo ezisinqamlezileyo zokutya eziditya ukuze liququzelele iingxoxo kunye nokucombulula iimfazwe.

Izakhono zokuxhasa iinkqubo zokutya zasekuhlaleni

Abaphathi bezixeko banesixhobo esinempumelelo esiye savavanywa koomasipala kulo lonke elaseUnited States. Ngezantsi zizinto ezinegalelo kakhulu.

Ukumisela Nokuxhasa Iivenkile Zabalimi

Iimarike zabalimi zidla ngokuba yindawo yokungena abahlali ukuba basebenzise ukutya kwasekuhlaleni. Abaphathi beziXhobo banganciphisa imiqobo ngokunika uluntu okanye indawo yopaki yemisika yemarike, bakhuphe irhafu yemvume kubathengisi abancinane, bafake nemali yemiqathango ehlala ihleli njengemithunzi kunye nombane. Bangakhuthaza iimarike ukuba zifumane i-SNAP/EBT kwaye banike iziqhumiso ezifanayo kwiinkqubo ezifana ne-Doble Up Food Bucks, eziphinda kabini ixabiso le-SNAP xa zithenge imveliso emisha.

Ukukhuthaza Ukulima Kwasemadolophini

Ulimo lwasedolophini lungaphaya kokwakhiwa kwefolophu yesithethe. Luquka i-quaponics, i-hydroponics, ukuhlaliswa kwenqanawa, kunye neendawo zokufuduka eziseluphahleni. Abaphathi bezixekweni bangakuxhasa oku ngokudala inkqubo evumela ukusekwa kwefama edolophini, ukubonelela iirejista eziphantsi kwiendawo ezingenamntu, kunye nokunikela uncedo lobugcisa ngemisebenzi yolwandiso. EDetroit, iofisi yomphathi wesixeko esebenza kunye nesebe lokuceba ukuyila i- “Urban Agriculture Ordance".

Ukuyila Nokuxhasa IiBhunga zomgaqo-nkqubo wokutya

Amabhunga eenkqubo zokutya aqokelela abaxhasi beenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokucebisa oorhulumente bezixeko kwimiba yokutya. Bangaqhuba uhlolo lokutya, bancomela iinguqu zenkqubo, kunye neenyathelo lokunceda. Abaphathi bezixeko banganika abasebenzi inkxaso, isithuba sokudibana, kunye noqingqo-mali oluncinane ukwenza ukuba ibhunga libe luncedo. I- Iprojekthi ye-Fopplical Networkers iprojectsssss Communiversitems zokuqala nokuxhasa la mabhunga.

Ukuveliswa Kwezinto Ezityayo Nezinto Ezininzi

Amaziko aphakathi ekutyeni ngamaziko akhoyo ekuqokelelweni, inkqubo, kunye nokusasazwa kokutya okuvela kwindawo ethile. Anceda abalimi abancinane bafikelele kwiimarike ezinkulu ezinjengezikolo nezibhedlele. Abaphathi beziXeko banokusebenzisa iminikelo okanye imali ekhutshwayo ukuze bancede ekumiseni iziko lokutya, okanye iqabane elingenangeniso. Ungeniso lwemali lungaquka iimarike ezihambayo eziya kwimimandla ephantsi kwengingqi egciniweyo, okanye amagumbi okutyela akwindawo apho abathengisingezo anokuvelisa khona iimpahla ezixabisekileyo ezifakiweyo.

Ukurhwebelana kokutya kwasekuhlaleni

Izikolo, izikolo, amagumbi aphezulu, izibhedlele, kunye neentolongo zithenga imiqulu emikhulu yokutya. Ngokufumana “iiprojekthi ezikhoyo”, la maqumrhu anganyusa ngokuphawulekayo imfuno yeemveliso zasekuhlaleni. Abaphathi beziXeko bangasebenza nabaphathi abathelekisa amaxhoba (umz., 20% yokutya okuchithwa kwizinto zasekuhlaleni), ukuhlaziya iinkqubo zokukhuthaza ukuxhasa abavelisi abancinane basekuhlaleni, kunye nokwenza iinkqubo zokuhambisa izinto ezikwenza kube lula ukuthenga izinto ezikhoyo. IPula yamaUSDA ukuya kucwangciso lweSikolo sokufumana iiprojekthi zemfundo ibonelela ukhokelo olulungileyo kunye nokuxhasa inkxaso yale .

Ukusetyenziswa Kwezifundo Zetyala

Izixeko ezininzi zinikela imizekelo echukumisayo yendlela abalawuli bezixeko abanokutshintsha ngayo inkqubo yokutya yasekuhlaleni.

IPortland, eOregon: Inkqubo yoLawulo noLimo lwasemadolobheni

IPortland ibisoloko iyinkokeli kwimithetho yokutya yasekuhlaleni. Isebe lokuceba isixeko, phantsi kolwalathiso lomphathi wesixeko, lamkela i- “Portland Food Plan” ngo- 2015, edibanisa ngokucacileyo isixokelelwano sokutya ukuze kusetyenziswe umhlaba, izithuthi, kunye nenkqubela yezoqoqosho. Izenzo ezingundoqo ziquka ukuguqula ikhowudi yokubhaka-bhaka ukwenzela ukuba abalimi bafumane iimarike zonyaka, ukuseka “ukuya eGarden" umthetho okhusela imiyezo yengini ekukhuleni, kunye nokwenza ingxowa-R30,000 yeminyaka yeprojekthi yokutya kongingqi. Ngokomphuzo, iPortlandland ngoku inemidizanti engaphezulu kwekhulu, iimarike, iimarike, kunye nemisebenzi yefama yasedolobheni engama-200.

Abaphathi bezixeko ePortland nabo bamisela i-equaty: bandisa i-SNAP/EBT yamkeleka kuzo zonke iimarike zabalimi kwaye basungula inkqubo “Ingeniso Yokutya kunye ne-Equity” ukuxhasa intengiso yokutya efanelekileyo ngokwenkcubeko kwimimandla efumana imali ephantsi. Imeko ibonisa ukuba inkqubo eqinileyo, ixhaswa yinkxaso enikezelweyo kunye nokuncedisana kwemiqathango, ingenza imo yemeko entle yemeko-mentlalo yokutya yasekuhlaleni.

IsiXeko saseNew York: Ukunyuka ngokuhambelana

Imigudu yokutya yeSixeko saseNew York iphawuleka ngomlinganiselo wayo. I-ofisi yomphathi wesixeko (nge-Ofisi ye-Mayor ye-Food Policy) yakhokela ekusungulweni kwe- “FoodNYC,” icebo elibanzi lokwandisa imveliso yokutya kwasekuhlaleni, ukunciphisa inkunkuma, kunye nokuphucula ukufumaneka kokutya. Inyathelo lokuthatha inyathelo liyindawo yonxibelelwano ye-“Greenmarket”, esebenza kwisixeko samashishini esithenginali kwaye ixhasa iifama ezingaphezu kwama-300. Abasebenzi besixeko banxibelelana neSebe leMibutho yokuzonwabisa ukuze basebenzise iimarike yentengiso kunye neSebe lezokuthutha impahla iintsuku ezithile.

Enye impumelelo engundoqo yinkqubo “yokuya kwiSikolo”, edibanisa izikolo ezingaphezu kwe-1 800 nabavelisi basekuhlaleni. Iofisi yomphathi wesixeko yabela imali yokuphekela nokuqeqesha ukuze abasebenzi benkonzo yokutya kwesikolo balungiselele izinto ezintsha, ezingalungelelanisiweyo. Ngokwengxelo evela kwi NYC Food Policy Center[, le nkqubo yandisa ukusetyenziswa kweziqhamo nemifuno yengi efumaneka kwindawo ethile ngama-30% kwizikolo ezinenxaxheba.

Baltimore, Maryland: IJaji yokutya nocwangciso lokutya

Umphathi wesixeko saseBaltimore wasebenza nesebe lokucwangcisa ukulungiselela i- “Baltmore Food Poligile” (BFPI) ngo- 2009. I-BFPI yajolisa kumsebenzi wokuthetha nentlango yokutya, eyachaphazela malunga nomntu omnye kwabahlali abane baseBaltimore. Esi sixeko sasebenzisa utshintsho olucwangcisiweyo ukuze sivumele ezolimo zasezidolophini zifumaneke, zibonelele ukuba izitore ezincinane zokutya zivule kwimimandla egciniweyo, kwaye sisungule inkqubo ye-“Virtual Supermarket”, evumela abemi bafune izinto zokuthenga kwi-intanethi baze bazithathe kwiindawo ezimiselweyo.

Abaphathi bezixeko bakwaxhasa i “Baltimore Orchard Project,” eyatyala amakhulu emithi yeziqhamo kwiipaki nakwizithuba zoluntu. Iziphumo zithe zacaca: inani leebloko zentlango yokutya eziwiswe ngama-30%, kunye nepesenti yabahlali ababika ukufumaneka lula kokuvelisa okutsha ngokuphawulekayo. Indlela yeBaltimore ibonisa ukuba abaphathi besixeko bangasebenzisa umxube wenkqubo, wenkxaso, kunye nomanyano lwemibutho kwimibutho enxulumene nokufumana ukutya.

Abalawuli beziXhobo abaQhagamshelanayo

Ngoxa zininzi izinto ezinokwenzeka, abaphathi bezixeko bakwajamelana nemiqobo yokwenene xa behambela phambili inkqubo yokutya yasekuhlaleni.

  • Abasebenzi abadityanisiweyo kunye nezibonelelo: izixeko ezininzi zineeplani ezincinci okanye amasebe ophuhliso lwezoqoqosho; umsebenzi wokutya usenokuba nguwongezelelo kubasebenzi abathwalisiweyo. Oomphathi bezixeko bangafuna ukuthethelela izikhundla ezintsha okanye imali kwibhunga lesixeko.
  • Ukusebenzisa umhlaba obalulekileyo: ulima e-Urbackel kudla ngokukhuphisana nezindlu kunye nophuhliso lwezorhwebo lwelizwe elinqabileyo. Abaphathi bezixeko kufuneka bakhuphele ulwazi phakathi kwabaphuhlisi abafuna ukwakha iprojekthi zexabiso eliphezulu namaqela oluntu afuna ukugcina isithuba esiluhlaza sokuveliswa kokutya.
  • Inzuzo yoqoqosho yabavelisi basekuhlaleni: kwanangemigaqo-nkqubo exhasayo, amafama amancinane asoloko ezama ukukhuphisana nokulima okusikelwe umkhamo omkhulu woshishino ngexabiso. Abaphathi bezixeko kufuneka bacinge ngenkxaso-mali, urhwebo, kunye nezibonelelo eziphantsi kwiindleko zabavelisi.
  • uknaye olunobungcali kunye noqhubekeko: Amanyathelo okutya asekuhlaleni angabonwa “njengoko kuyimfuneko,” ingakumbi ngexesha lobunzima boqingqo-mali. Abaphathi bezixeko kufuneka bakhe imixokelelwano emide ebonisa iingenelo zezoqoqosho nezempilo ukuxhasa inkxaso ngotshintsho kukhokelo olunyuliweyo.
  • Inkxalabo ezithe ngqo: Ngaphandle komgudu wabukho, iinkqubo zokutya zasekuhlaleni zinganceda abemi abatyebileyo, abanxulumeneyo ngeli xesha beshiya uluntu olufumana imali ephantsi emva. Oomphathi bezixeko kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba iinkqubo zenzelwe ukufikelela kwimimandla yonke kwaye amaqela asezantsi anesihlalo etafileni.

Isiphelo

Abaphathi bezixeko baluncedo kakhulu ekukheni iinkqubo ezinamandla zokutya. Ubuchule babo bokwakha inkqubo yokutya, ukunikezela, ukudibanisa oovimba, nokudibanisa amasebe bawenza abe ziinjongo ezintle zokuguqula iinjongo ezihlala zihleli. Ukusuka ekudibaniseni iifama zasedolophini nokudibanisa ukutya kwasekuhlaleni nezikolo, izenzo zomphathi wesixeko zinokuphembelela kwingingqi yonke, zikhuthaza impilo engcono, ukuphucula uqoqosho, kunye nokuphatha imekobume yemekobume.

Njengokuba izixeko ezininzi zijamelene nokuzinzisa kwemixokelelwano yokutya emhlabeni wonke, ngokuveliswa yisifo se-COVOID-19, ukuphazamiseka kwemozulu, kunye nokunyuka kwexabiso lenkqubo yokutya kwasekuhlaleni kuyakhula. Abaphathi bezixeko abafaka imali kwezi nkqubo ngoku abalungisi nje iipleyiti zesidlo sangokuhlwa; bakha isiseko sokuzilungisa ngokwabo kunye nekamva elilinganayo. Ngokuthatha iingcebe eziqinisekisiweyo, ukufunda kwizixeko ezikhokelayo, kunye nocelomngeni ngezobuchule, abaphathi bezixeko banokuba ngamaqhawe angenawo amagorha okutya okutya okuzifica.