Izibongozo Njengomthombo Wokhuseleko Lwendalo

Kangangeenkulungwane, abemi baye babhenela kwizicelo ezisemthethweni zokufuna ukusetyenziswa kwabasemagunyeni. Akukho ndawo apho le sithethe sibaluleke ngakumbi kunokukhusela ubuncwane bendalo. Ukusuka kumahlathi amandulo ukuya kumanzi aselwandle, izicelo ziye zavala umgama phakathi kwenkxalabo kawonke-wonke kunye nempendulo karhulumente. Baguqula abantu abaxhalaba ngokudibeneyo babe zizinto ezifunekayo, benyanzelisa abenzi bemithetho ukuhlangabezana nomnqweno wabantu. Nangona isicelo sodwa sinqabile ukusindisa umlambo okanye ihlathi, sisebenza njengesiqala kwiziganeko ezikhokelela ekuwisweni, ekunyanzeleni, okanye kwizivumelwano zezizwe ngezizwe. Ukuqonda indlela ezi zixhobo ezisebenza ngayo, iimfuno ezinokusetyenziswa ngokunempumelelo, kwaye indlela ezisetyenziswa ngayo ukuze zikhusele imekobume.

Yintoni Izicelo?

Isicelo sisemthethweni, sisicelo esibhaliweyo esibhalelwe kwigunya . ngokunjalo iqumrhu likarhulumente, umbutho, okanye umbutho wezizwe ngezizwe, ubiza umsebenzi othile okanye utshintsho lwenkqubo. Emazantsi ayo, sisixhobo sokuthabatha inxaxheba kwedemokhrasi, sivumela abantu abaqhelekileyo ukuba bafake amalizwi abo baze babonise inkxaso edibeneyo ngenxa yesizathu. Izibongozo zingasuka kwimiba entsonkothileyo ebhalwe ngesandla ukuya kumanani amaqela amaninzi amaqela ahlukeneyo. Ngokusemthethweni, izicelo zixhomekeke kumandla ahlukeneyo axhomekeke kwigunya elithile; abanye oorhulumente kufuneka ngomthetho ukuba baphendule izibongozo ezifikelela kumqobo othile wotyikityo, ngoxa abanye beziphatha njengesivakalisi. Noko ke, amandla abo angokomfuziselo kunye nezobupolitika adla ngokugqithisa imeko yabo esesikweni, ingakumbi xa zidityaniswe ngoothengiso.

Imvelaphi Yembali Yokungalawuleki Kwemeko - bume

Ukusetyenziswa kwezicelo zokhuseleko lwendalo zangaphambi kokuba kubekho ukhuseleko lwendalo. Kumazwe aliqela, abemi balapho bafaka izibongozo zokulondoloza amazwe kawonke-wonke, ukuphelisa ukugawulwa kwamahlathi nokukhusela imithombo yamanzi. Umzekelo, eUnited States, abalondolozi bokuqala basebenzisa izicelo zokukhuthaza iBhunga lesizwe ukuba libeke ecaleni umhlaba weepaki, nto leyo ekhokelela ekumisweni kweYellowstone National Park ngo-1872. Ngokufanayo, eUnited Kingdom, ukucela ukulwa nongcoliseko lomlambo ngexesha leMvukelo. Le mizamo yangaphambili yasungula imigaqo: izibongozo zisebenza njengebharmote yemizwanome, inika umthetho ofunekayo ukuba ngandle koko kutyeshelwe ziimfuno ezimele ukutyeshelwa ziimfuno eziphambili.

Amandla Ezicelo Ekukhuselweni Kwemeko - bume

Ukusebenza kwesicelo kulala kungabi kutyikityo, kodwa kulwazi oluyila. Isicelo esifakelwe kakuhle esizalelayo somjelo wokusingqongileyo njengomba ongxamisekileyo, okhethekileyo, nonokusetyenziswa. Oku kufaka ingcinezelo kubenzi besigqibo, kwaye kwakha inkqubela yamaphulo akhawulezileyo. Xa isicelo sifaka amawaka okanye izigidi zotyikityo, siba ziindaba. Amadadi achaza umyalezo, anyanzelisa ixhoba `````````ubulungiseleli bukarhulumente'' okanye umbutho wamazwe ngamazwe ngamazwe'''. Kwanaxa isibongo singeso siphumeleli usukelo lwaso olukhawulezi sukelo, sinokufundisa abaxhasi, ulwandoqoko lwezo zonke, kwaye sibeka isiseko senkqubo ukwenzela umsebenzi wexesha elizayo okanye wezomthetho.

Izicelo Eziphumelelayo Ezaguqula Umgaqo - siseko Wokusingqongileyo

Izibongozo eziliqela eziphawulekayo ziye zafak ’ isandla ngqo ekukhuseleni ubuncwane bendalo. Phakathi kwezona zibalulekileyo:

  • Isicelo semvula ye-Amazon (20-201). : Umsindo wezizwe ngezizwe ngokunyusa amahlathi eBrazil wakhokelela kwisicelo sengingqi sengingqi eqokelela imityikito engaphezu kwezigidi ezibini. Nangona singakuyekanga kwangoko ukumisa ukugawulwa, yanyanzela urhulumente wase Brazil ukwamkela ujongo lwezizwe ngezizwe kwaye yafak ’ isandla ekuncitshisweni kwesantya sokwexeshana kugawulo-mahlathi kwiindawo ezithile ezikhuselekileyo. Esi sisicelo sikwanyusa inkxaso yemali yemali yemidabini.
  • gcina iminenga ebongozayo (1970s-19980): Uthotho lwezicelo kwiKhomishini ye-International Whaling (IWC) kunye noorhulumente besizwe banceda ekuguquleni uluvo lukawonke-wonke nxamnye ne-whaling yezorhwebo. Ezi zibongozo, zidityaniswe neengca ezidityanisiweyo, zikhokelele kwimorium ye-IWC yorhwebo yonyaka ka-86, esele ikhona namhlanje.
  • Impempelo ze Barrier Reef Protections (204-2017) : Izibongozo ezilungiselelwe ngamaqela emekobume zikhuthaza urhulumente wase-Australia ukuba akwamkelwe ukulahlwa kwemigqomo enqabileyo kufuphi nezixhobo zeseyile esongwayo. Iphulo laqokelela amakhulu amawaka emityikityo kwaye lafak' isandla kwisigqibo sikarhulumente sokunqanda ukulahlwa okunjalo kwiGreat Barrier Rief Marine Park.
  • Bhan kwi Microbeads (2017): Izicelo zentengo zenkampani ezijolise kwiprocer & Gamble kunye noJohnson & Lamp; Johnson, kunye nezicelo zemithetho eUnited States nase Canada, zikhokelele kwimveliso ye plastiki emincinane ekwimveliso yenkathalo yobuqu. Le siphumo esithelekisayo siphembelela uMthetho Micbed-Of Yokukhululeka Yamanzi ka 2015 kwi U.S.

Le mizekelo ibonisa into eqhelekileyo: Xa ucela uwedwa, usoloko uzama ukumelana neengxaki, ulwaphulo - mthetho, uqhankqalazo nolwalamano oluphakathi kwezazinzulu okanye abantu bomthonyama.

Indlela Yokwenza Isicelo Esinempumelelo Sokukhusela Icebo Lemvelo

Ukuthunga isicelo esishukumisa inaliti kufuna okungaphezulu kunesicelo esingokweemvakalelo. Ucwangciso olucwangcisiweyo, iingxoxo ezibuya umva zedata, kunye nenkcazo ecacileyo yento ejoliswe kuyo kubalulekile. Nazi amanyathelo angundoqo, anwenwe ukusuka kwiisiseko:

Chaza Into Oyibuzayo

Isicelo esimfiliba ```Isusa imo-bume''''.'Ingena ntwana. Endaweni yoko, phawula isenzo esithe ngqo esifunekayo. Umzekelo: “UmPhathiswa wemekobume ukulwa imvume yemigodi yeHeaters Forest''' okanye“Ulawulo lwe Acme Corporation lungasebenzisi i-oli yesundu ukusuka kumhlaba okhutshwe izityalo ngo-2025." Okukhona ixhoba lisekonkcenkceshela, okulula ukutyikiselwa uluvo lwemiqathango ukuva intsko kunye nabalawuli ukuba baphendule.

Ubungqina Obungagunyaziswanga

Umva isicelo sakho ngogcino-lwazi lwenzululwazi, ubungqina obungoongcaphephe, okanye imizekelo engokwasemthethweni. Quka iingxelo kwiingxelo zikarhulumente, izifundo ezijongwe ngoontanga, okanye izivumelwano zezizwe ngezizwe. Umzekelo, ukuba ucela ukukhusela ugcino-lwazi lwamanzi olusemgangathweni, umgangatho wamanzi, iintlobo zezilwanyana ezisengozini, kunye namalungiselelo afanelekileyo kuMthetho we-Clue Water Act okanye umthetho ofanayo. Oku akuqiniseli nje kuphela impikiswano yakho kodwa kukwakhusela ekumangalelweni ngokweemvakalelo.

bhala umqokoleli ndawonye, Intshukumo- Umyalezo onikezelweyo

Umbhalo wakho wesicelo kufuneka uvule ngegwegwe: inkcazelo ecacileyo yoko kusemngciphekweni ``A', idike, uhlobo olusengozini, amanzi okusela oluntu asongelwa lungcoliso. Emva koko chaza ingxaki, isisombululo esiceliweyo, nenyathelo elikhethekileyo olifunayo. Sebenzisa isibindi okanye eqinileyo[[FLT] igxininisa ngokuthe ngqo kwiincam ezingundoqo. Gcina imihla. Iphela ngomfutshane.

Khetha i Platform Yasekunene

Amaqonga amanani enza isicelo esifikelelekayo ehlabathini lonke. Tshintshisa. org kunye Awaaz ngawona athandwayo kumaphulo okusingqongileyo. Noko ke, qwalasela ukusebenzisa iwebhsayithi yesethi yonikezelo okanye isixhobo sesicelo esidityaniswe nenxuwa lentlangano yakho. Kwimiba yobulali, izicelo zephepha zisathwala ubunzima xa zinikezelwa kwibhulo-dolophi okanye kumaziko asekuhlaleni. Hybrid ifikelela ku-_online dibanisa ku-person reaktion-/d ukukhuthaza ukudityaniswa okuphezulu.

Yenza Uthungelwano Olwenziwe Ngehlombe

Umbutho omnye awunako ukwakha iphulo lesigidi lotyikityo kuphela. Abasebenzi abasebenzisa ijelo loonobumba: amaqela okusingqongileyo, izikolo, uluntu lokholo, amashishini, kunye nabaphembeleli. Bakhuthaze ukuba babelane ngesicelo sabo ngemijelo yabo. Sebenzisa izibhengezo zezentlalo-ntle ezijoliswe kakhulu kwimimandla echaphazelekayo. Abaqulunqi bemiboniso yokuhlaziya rhoqo kunye neengxelo zenkqubela kunye nezibongozokwabelana kwakhona.

Londoloza Ingcinezelo Emva Kokuzithoba

Ukunikezela isicelo asiyosiphelo. Thabatha ukuhanjiswa kwefoto okanye ividiyo yesandla kwigunya, khupha ukhupho-zincwadi, kwaye unike abashicileli bobulela. Jonga impendulo. Ukuba igunya alisihoyi isicelo, lindisa: funa impelesi yamajelo eendaba, dibanisa umboniso opheleli-mthetho, okanye qala isicelo sesibini esijolise kwigosa eliphezulu.

Utshintsho Lwamanani Lwezicengo

I-Internet iguqule isicelo. Isicelo esifakelwe kakuhle se-intanethi singafikelela kumakhulu amawaka abantu ngeentsuku, sigqithe abagcini besango le media. Iplatforms njenge Transent. org[ irhumela amawaka ezicelo zemeko- bume ngalo naliphi na ixesha, ukugquma imixholo esuka kungcoliseko lweplastiki ukuya kukhuseleko lwamahlathi. Ukuqaqatshelwa kokutyikityotyotyotyol-/kafuthi kunqakraza okukodwayo ukuze ungene ulwano, ukwenze uphako lwaphangalele, ukunceda uphako, inkxaso eyahlukeneyo. Izibongozo zoqhagamshelwano zivelisa ugcino-data olubalulekileyo: amagama e-otyikitkit, ii-emails, iindawo, maxa ee, iingxelo zomnikezelo, ezinokusetyenziswa ngabaqulukelo lwexesha elizayo.

Noko ke, izibongozo zamanani zinezithintelo. Abahlalutyi bathi “i-clivism” okanye i-reetivivs", apho abantu bavakalelwa ukuba banikele ngokutyikitya intetho ngaphandle kokuthatha inyathelo elithe kratya ukuganana okuthe kratya. Ukuphelisa oku, izibongozo ze-intanethi ezisebenzayo kunye nezenzo ze-intanethi: bamema iitalasi ukuya kwintlanganiso, ukuqhagamshelana nommeli wabo, okanye ukuya kwintlanganiso yoluntu. Imibutho enamandla ibandakanya inxaxheba enyanini nasemzimbeni.

Ukufundisisa Ngemeko: Umlo Nxamnye Nezinto Ezisetyenziswa Kunye

Ukususela ngo-2015 kuse phambili, izibongozo ezininzi ze-intanethi ezajoliswe kurhulumente kunye namaqumrhu okuvala okanye ukunciphisa iiplastiki ezisetyenziswa ngumntu omnye. Ezona zaphumelelayo zezi zibotshelelweyo kwimpilo yobuqu (ii-microplastics emanzini), iziphumo zezilwanyana zasendle (iimfumba zaselwandle), kunye neempikiswano zezoqoqosho (indleko zokucoca). Ezi zibongozo zifikelele kwizigidi, zifaktha ekuvaleni iiplastiki, iingxowa, kunye nepakethengi ekwi-European Union, Canada, kunye neemeko eziliqela ze-U. Ngo-2019, iPalamente yaseYurophu yamkela i-Plamentiedrake ezithe ngqo[, ezinikela ingcebiso ngqo kwinzalelo yokuthethelela kwayo.

Izibongozo Nabantu Belizwe: Indima Ekhethekileyo

Abantu belizwe be-Ecuador basebenzisa izicelo kangangexesha elide njengesixhobo sokukhusela amazwe abo ookhokho babo kunye nobuncwane bendalo. Ezi zibongozo zisoloko zithwala ubunzima obungakumbi ngenxa yokuba zixhaswa lulwazi olunzulu lwemekobume kunye nomthetho wamalungelo abantu wezizwe ngezizwe. Umzekelo, abantu baseWaorani e-Ecuador basebenzisa isicelo esihlanganisa utyikityo olungaphezulu kwama-300 000 ukucela ukhuseleko lwabo kwingingqi yokukhuselwa kwe-oli. Isibongozo, sidibaniswe nezenzo ezisemthethweni kunye nemanyano yezizwe ngezizwe, sikhokelela kwinkundla yama-2019 yenkundla eyavala ukukhutshwa kwe-oli kwimimandla ethile. Ngokufanayo, abantu base-Astralish e- [FLD]] abakwimi bomntlalo wobubomvu be-Ostre be-oyile.

Xa uxhasa izibongozo zomthonyama, kubalulekile ukusekela amazwi nokhokelo lwazo. Abahlobo abangengobemi bomthonyama kufuneka bakhulise, hayi bangqale la maphulo. Ukuhlonela imigaqo-nkqubo yesithethe nolawulo lobungangamsha ngeli lixa kuthe kwabelana ngokubanzi ngezicelo kudala umanyano olunamandla olukhusela izinto ezahlukeneyo nezithethe ngexesha elinye.

Imida Nokugxekwa Kwezibongozo

Ngaphandle kwamandla abo, izibongozo azisiso isisombululo. Oorhulumente kunye nemibutho yoluntu isoloko izityeshela izibongozo ezinkulu xa ijongene neengcinezelo zezoqoqosho okanye zobupolitika. Isicelo esiphikisana nedama, ngokomzekelo, sisenokupheliswa ukuba iprojekthi ixhaswe kakhulu ngurhulumente kwaye ixhaswe ngemali. Izibongozo zisenokusetyenziswa: utyikityo lwenkohliso, iingxelo ze-bot, kunye nezifunyenweyo zinciphisa ukuthembeka. Abaquququzeleli beli baye baphucula ukufunyanwa, kodwa ingozi iyaqhubeka.

Ngaphezu koko, impembelelo yesicelo ingaba nzima ukuyilinganisa. Naxa utshintsho lwenkqubo lulandela isicelo, ukhuphiswano alufane lungqale. Ezinye izinto ``Umbane, ukutshintsha kwezoqoqosho, iingxelo zenzululwazi, uphando lolwazi--alukho ngempembelelo elinganayo okanye ngaphezulu. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, abaququzeleli kufuneka bajonge izibongozo njengenxalenye enye yendlela ebanzi kunokuba bathathele iqhinga lodwa.

Xa Izicelo Zisilela Yaye Zingafundwa

Ukwaphula umthetho kungafundisa. Isicelo esingaphumelelanga singabonisa ukuba ixhoba alifuni kuxoxa, ukuba ityala alikho ngqiqweni, okanye ukuba imfuneko ayiyonto ngaphandle koxinzelelo olungakumbi. Emva kokoyisa, hlolisisa: ngaba ixesha lalilincinane? Ngaba lo mbuzo wawumkhulu kakhulu? Ngaba asikhange sifumane amaqabane aphambili? Singakwazi ukuncedisa ukuze sifumane ingeniso yexesha elizayo. Ngamanye amaxesha i-options ayiphumelelanga ukuze iphumelele ngokuphakamisa isiseko sabaxhasi, nokuba usukelo lwaso lulahlekile.

Ukuhambisa Izibongozo Kwezinye Izixhobo Zobugqwirha

Ukunyusa isiphumo, izibongozo kufuneka zibe yinxalenye yephulo eliphindiweyo lobusela.

  • [[NTLA: 0] Ityala : Izibongozo ezibhaliweyo inkxaso kawonke-wonke zingaqinisa ukumangalelwa komthetho ofuna imiqathango okanye ulawulo. Maxa wambi aBagwebi baphawula umgangatho wenkxalabo kawonke-wonke ovakaliswe ngezicelo.
  • umboniso wePublic: Undululo lwesicelo lungangqamana noqhankqalazo okanye intlanganiso, luvelise ukhupho lwezibhengezo zejelo-ndaba nokubonisa ubukho bokwenyama babaxhasi.
  • ukudityaniswa kwe-Media: Ukuthunga amabali kwiintatheli ezisekelwe kugcino-lwazi lwesicelo namabali abantu abachaphazelekayo bangalugqithisa ufihlo ngaphaya kwesiseko sophawu.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Ubhaqo: Sebenzisa utyikityo lwesicelo njengomqinisekisi xa udibana nabalawuli bemithetho okanye abalawuli bequmrhu. Uluhlu lwamawaka abavoti abaxhalabileyo lufuna ingqalelo.
  • Isenzo sokwenza esingaqhelekanga]: Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, izibongozo zisetyenziselwa ukugunyazisa ukungathobeli kwemibutho yabemi ngokubonisa inkxaso yoluntu ukwenzela izenzo zokukhusela.

Indlela yokuzimela iqinisekisa ukuba nokuba isicelo ngokwaso asiphumeleli usukelo lwaso, intshukumo esiyakhayo ingaqhubeka ilwa ngamanye amajelo.

Ukulinganisa impembelelo yehlabathi lokwenene yezicelo

Ukufumana isiphumo kufuneka ukuba kwenziwe umendo ocacileyo ukusuka ekuqaleni. Ngapha koko kutyikityo, cinga: Ingaba isicelo sikhokelele kwintlanganiso nabenzi besigqibo? Ingaba yaba ngumxholo weendaba okanye kunxibelelwano lwezentlalo-mbini? Ingaba yabangela impendulo esesikweni kwixhoba? Ingaba yanceda ukunyusa imali? Okubaluleke kakhulu, ngaba iye yafak' isandla kwisiphumo esifunekayo sokusingqongileyo /a amahlathi alondolozwe, ukupheliswa kongcoliso kuvumela ukudlula komthetho? Ukulandelela ingoma kunzima kodwa kuyimfuneko ukucoca iindlela. Iintlangano ezifana .[FLD:1].[1] zisebenzise izikhankatho zezicelo njengenxenye yezenzo zemozulu, i-vation impumelelo kuzo zozibini ezingenisa inkqubo yemozulu.

Isiphelo: Izibongozo Njengezinto Ezibalulekileyo, Azanele, Zizizixhobo

Izibongozo zihlala zilinyathelo lokuqala elibalulekileyo ekukhuseleni ubuncwane bendalo. Ziquka umgaqo wedemokhrasi othi abantu abaqhelekileyo bangacel ’ umngeni izilangazelelo ezinamandla kwaye bafune ukuphenduliswa. Amandla abo axhomekeke kumsebenzi wabo olula: nabani na angawuqala, nabani na angasayina, kwaye utyikityo ngalunye lumela ummi ozimiseleyo ukumela umlambo, ihlathi, okanye uhlobo oluthile. Kodwa amandla abo okwenyaniso aphuma xa besakhelwe kwindalo enkulu ye-advoctacy /-combin data, inyathelo elisemthethweni, ukulungelela, kunye nengcinezelo eqhubekayo.

Kubo bazimisele ukukhusela oovimba bendalo, isifundo sicacile: qala isicelo, kodwa ungami apho. Sisebenzise njengesixhobo sokufundisa, ukumanyanisa, nokwandisa amandla. Kwixesha lengxaki yemozulu kunye nokulahleka kwezidalwa eziphilayo, ilizwi lezigidi ezidityanisiweyo ngezicelo ezityikitywe kakuhle ``````''''''''''''. Uloyiso olukhulu olulandelayo lungaqala ngesicelo esinye sabahlobo, emva koko luthwale emagxeni abantu abathenjiswe ingingiselwano yehlabathi lonke.