Isizathu Sokuba Abantu Bathabathe Inxaxheba Kwimibandela Yomgaqo - siseko Wamanzi

Amanzi asisibonelelo esahlulweyo, nendlela elawulwa ngayo ichaphazela zonke iinkalo zobomi .Impilo, ukhuseleko lokutya, amathuba ezoqoqosho, kunye nokuhlala uthe tye. Ukuthathi-nxaxheba kukawonke-wonke kwinkqubela-nkqubo yamanzi akungomthetho nje oqhelekileyo; ngumgaqo osisiseko wolawulo-demokhrasi kunye nolawulo lwezibonelelo olunempumelelo. Xa abantu, abagcini-mathiriyeli, kunye nabemi benesitulo sokwenene etafileni, imigaqo-nkqubo iyayibonakalisa ngakumbi inyani yezinto zasekuhlaleni, inyanzeleka ngakumbi ukutshintsha, kwaye isenokukhokelwa ngabo bamele baphile ngeziphumo.

Ukuthatha inxaxheba kukawonke wonke kuzisa iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zolwazi kwinkqubo yokwenza izigqibo. Abalimi basekuhlaleni baqonda indlela yokuhamba kwamaxesha ahlukeneyo, abantu belizwe elithile baba nobulumko obunyibilikileyo, kwaye abemi basedolophini bafumana iziphumo zemihla ngemihla zomgangatho wamanzi okanye ukuswela. Ukuhlahlela ezi meko kukhusela iindawo ezingabonakaliyo ezisuka ekucebeni okuphezulu kuphela. Isiphumo ngumgaqo owenziwe ngobuchule, ofanelekileyo, nolungelelaniswa neemeko ezintsonkothileyo.

Ukubonisa ngaphaya kolwazi kunye nokuthembana ziziphumo ezithe ngqo zeenkqubo eziquka oku. Xa izigqibo eziphathelele ulwabiwo lwamanzi, uhlahlo-lwabiwo lwezibonelelo, okanye ulawulo longcoliso zenziwe emva kweengcango ezivaliweyo, ukukrokrelelwa nokuchasa zisoloko zilandela. Ukuva, amaxwebhu afikelelekayo, kunye nengxoxo yokwenene zakha imvume yentlalo efunekayo ukuzalisekisa izisombululo zexesha elide. Kwimimandla emininzi, ungquzulwano lwamanzi luye lwaconjululwa kungenga ngogcino-lwazi oluninzi, kodwa ngeenkqubo ezingcono ezinika ilizwi kumaqela achaphazelekayo.

Indaleko Yokuba Nenxaxheba Kurhulumente Wamanzi

Ukusuka kwiSpower ukuya kwiModeli eziBalaselayo

Kwinkoliso yenkulungwane yama-20, inkqubo yamanzi yayithathwa njengolawulo lweenjineli, iinqanawa ezinamaphiko, kunye namagosa kawonke-wonke asebenza. Uwonke-wonke wakhangelwa emva kwezigqibo ezingundoqo ezenziwa, ngokufuthi nge-profoma evakalayo. Le modeli "esetyenziswayo-antefance-endex" ikhokelela kwinkcaso esasazekileyo, ukupheliswa, kunye neprojekthi ezilibazisayo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, abaphathi bamanzi kunye nabenzi bemithetho bavuma ukuba izisombululo ezizi zifuneke hayi kuphela ukufaneleka kobugcisa kodwa kwanokuthengwa kwentlalo.

Ukutshintshela kulawulo lwamanzi asebenzisanayo afumana amandla ngexesha loo1990 kunye nowama- 2000, exhaswe ziinjongo zezizwe ngezizwe ezinjenge [[FLT: 0] iAarhus Convention ekufikeleleni ulwazi, ukuthathi-nxaxheba kukawonke wonke, kunye nokusesikweni kwimicimbi yokusingqongileyo. IZizwe ezimanyeneyo ezingakwaziyo ukuphuhlisa injongo yenjongo 6 ngokucacileyo ibiza "ingxubeko kunye nokudityaniswa" ulawulo lwamanzi. Namhlanje, ukuthatha inxaxheba kukawonke kuqwalaselwa njengomgaqo ongundoqo woLawulo lweManzi (IWRM) kwaye ifakwe kumthetho wesizwe kunye nemithetho yamanzi ezweni jikelele.

Isiseko esisemthethweni nesamaqumrhu

Amazwe aye amkela uludwe lwezixhobo ezisemthethweni zokugunyazisa ukubandakanywa koluntu. Kwi-European Union, i-Water Frame Work Directive kufuneka amazwe ajonge uwonke-wonke ngexesha lokucwangcisa ithafa lomlambo. EMzantsi Afrika, lo Mgaqo-nkqubo weNational Water ucela ukuba abalawuli abasebenzisa amaqela abantu abasebenzisa amanzi. E-United States, i-Ceac Water Act ne-Devid Water Act igunyazisa ukuvalwa kwasekuhlaleni kwaye igqabaza ngaphambi kokuba imvume i-mvume i-ucuwance okanye i-mthetho.

Iindlela zobuGcisa bobuRhulumente kumgaqo-nkqubo wamanzi

Ukuthatha inxaxheba kukawonke-wonke okunempumelelo kusebenzisa imenu yendlela ezilungeleneyo nomongo, umngeni ochaphazelekayo, nabantu abachaphazelekayo. Akukho ndlela enye yokungena isebenza kulo lonke uluntu okanye kuzo zonke iintlobo zezigqibo. Ngentla zindlela ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi, nganye isebenzisa amandla ahlukeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kakuhle kweemeko.

Ukuchongwa Kwabantu Bonke Nokuxilongwa

Ezi ziintlanganiso ezisemthethweni apho abameli banikela izicelo baze bamkele amagqabaza adluliselwa ngomlomo okanye abhalweyo. Ziluncedo ekuzalisekiseni iimfuno zomthetho nasekufikeleleni abaphulaphuli abaninzi, kodwa zinokuba nesondlo kwaye zisenokungaphuhlisi incoko enzulu. Ukusebenza, ukuva kufuneka kucwangciswe ngamaxesha okufikeleleka, kuqhutywa ngeelwimi ezininzi apho ziyimfuneko, kwaye kukhatshwa ngezinto ezicacileyo ezicacisayo.

Iinkampani Zomsebenzi Namaqela Okujolisa

Iintlanganiso ezincinci, ezisebenzisanayo zivumela ingxoxo enzulu kunye nokucombulula ingxaki. Iivenkile zomsebenzi zingaquka imithambo yemaphu, ucwangciso lwezicwangciso, okanye uyilo olusebenzisanayo lwesisombululo. Amaqela ajolise ekuqwalaseleni amaxabiso kawonke-wonke kunye nokurhwebelana ngemiqathango efana nokufakwa kwamanzi okanye ugcino-lwazi. Ezi ndlela zivelisa isindululo esichuliweyo kunezokuva nokwakha ulwalamano phakathi kwabathathi-nxaxheba.

Uphando kunye nezixhobo zokusasaza ngamanani

Uphando lwangaphakathi, ii-apps, kunye neqonga elisebenzisanayo lingafikelela kubantu abaninzi nabahlukahlukeneyo ngexabiso eliphantsi. Zibaluleke kakhulu ekubandakanyeni abantu abaselula kunye nabo bangakwaziyo ukuya kwiziganeko ezikhoyo. Izixhobo zamanani zingaquka ukwenziwa kwemigca yemidibaniso evumela abemi balapho baxele ukhukuliso okanye umgangatho wamanzi. Noko ke, kufuneka bayilwe ukuphepha ikhethe kwabo banolwazi oluphakathi kwe-intanethi kunye nolwazi oluqhelekileyo.

Iikomiti Zokwabelana Nemimimi NeeBhunga Ezipheliswe Ngamanzi

Amaqumrhu athe amiswa ngamaqumrhu amele uluntu anganikela igalelo eliqhubekayo ngexesha lophuhliso lwenkqubo. La maqela adibana rhoqo, ahlola amaxwebhu obugcisa, aphuhlise nokuncomela. Anikela inkqubela-phambili kwaye avumele amalungu akhe ukuba akhe ubuchule ngokuhamba kwexesha. Imizekelo ephumelelayo iquka izitya zokutyalwa kwamabhunga e-Australia namaqela ancedisanayo akwiColorado River Basin.

Ukuhlawula Uqingqo - mali Nommi

Kwezinye iimeko, uwonke wonke unikwa amandla okwenza izigqibo ngqo phezu kwenxalenye yoqingqo-mali olunxulumene namanzi. Igalelo loqingqo-mali livumela abemi ukuba bafumane kwaye bavote kwimisebenzi enjengezibonelelo zamanzi aluhlaza okanye inkqubela yamanzi. Iijaji zabemi zihlanganisa iqela elingakhethiyo labemi ukuba ngabom kumbuzo othile wenkqubo nengcebiso. Ezi ndlela zokwandisa ubunikazi nokuziphendulela.

Izithintelo Zokunikela Inxaxheba Kuwonke - wonke

Nangona abantu bevumelana ngokubaluleka kwawo, ukuba nenxaxheba kumgaqo wamanzi kudla ngokusilela ukufikelela kwiinjongo zawo.

Amandla Amabala Namazwi Awenziwe Amda

Asingabo bonke abathathi-nxaxheba abanempembelelo efanayo. Imfuno yobutyebi, abaxhasi abanobuchule, okanye amaqela alungelelanisiweyo angalawula iingxubusho, ngelixesha amaqela angenayo, amaqela eemveli, kunye nezithethi ezingezozo ezemveli. Kwanaxa la maqela ekho, igalelo lawo lingathi alithatyathwa njengelingekhoyo ngokwaneleyo "iinkqubo zomthetho ezingaphumiyo ukufikelela kwiingozi ezisemgangathweni zabemi.

Inkcitho yokuzikhusela nokukhuthaza

Ngamanye amaxesha inxaxheba isetyenziswa njengophawu lomfuziselo ukwenzela ukuba izigqibo ezimiselwe kwangaphambili ziqinisekiswe. Abemi abasebenzisa ixesha namandla abo kuphela babone igalelo labo liphoxekile kwaye bengakulungelanga ukuthatha inxaxheba kwixesha elizayo. Ukuthabatha inxaxheba ngenene kufuna iimpendulo ezityikityisiweyo: abathathi-nxaxheba kufuneka baxelelwe indlela igalelo labo eliye lasiphembelela ngayo isigqibo sokugqibela, okanye isizathu sokuba lingasichaphazeli. Ngaphandle kokubona gcatha, ukuthemba kuyakonakalisa.

Izithintelo zikavimba

Ukwenza iinkqubo zokwenene zokwabelana kudinga ixesha, imali, kunye nobuchule bokwenza uqingqo-mali. Imisebenzi enemiqathango elinganiselweyo ingangagqibelela ukuthoba uhlolo lwe-intanethi okanye ukuva omnye. Ingingqi ngokwazo zisenokuswela ubuncwane bokulungiselela, ukubakho kwiziganeko, okanye ukuhlalutya ulwazi lobugcisa. Isakhiwo sobukroba sifuneka ngabasebenzi besebe kunye namalungu oluntu.

Umlinganiselo Nentsonkotha Yeengxaki Zamanzi

Iingxaki zenkqubo yamanzi zidla ngokuba nkulu, zintsonkothile ngobugcisa, kwaye zibandakanya abagcini-sango abaninzi ngaphaya kwemida. Kusenokuba nzima ukubandakanya uluntu kwimiba efana nokufuzisela amanzi asemhlabeni, ukufuduswa kwe-interbasin, okanye iimeko zokuguquka kwemozulu. Ukwenza lula ngaphandle kokugqithisa kukungakhawulezi kuyinto enzima. Izixhobo ezibonakalayo, ukushwankathelana kolwimi olucacileyo, kunye nemifanekiso ebonisa imodeli eluncedo zinganceda.

Izenzo ezingcono zoyilo olunenxaxheba kwinkqubela yokuzibandakanya

Ngenxa yamava angamashumi eminyaka avela ehlabathini lonke, izihlandlo eziliqela ziphucula umgangatho nokungenelela kwabantu ekungeneleni inkqubo yamanzi.

Ulwalamano Lwangaphambili Noluqhubekayo

Ubandakanya uluntu kwinqanaba lengxaki yokufumana inzala, hayi xa ezinye izinto zisetafile. Ukuganana kwangethuba kuqinisekisa ukuba amaxabiso oluntu abumba imibuzo ebuzwayo kunye neenketho eziqwalaselweyo. Ngapha koko, inika uhlaziyo oluthe rhoqo, ugcino-lwazi olutsha, kunye namathuba okufumana ingxelo njengoko izigqibo ziguquka.

Sebenzisa Iindlela Ezininzi Nenkcubeko

Ukuthembela kwindlela enye (umz., enye intetho kawonke-wonke) ikhupha amacandelo amakhulu abantu. Ukuhlanganisa i-intanethi kunye nokungekho kwi-intanethi. Sebenzisa iindlela zonxulumano olubonakalayo kunye nezixhobo zamanani ukwenzela ulwakhiwo olubanzi. Zilungise iindlela zonxibelelwano kunye neelwimi kubaphulaphuli. Kwezinye iindawo, ukubalisela kunye nokuxela ngengxelo yentelekelelo kuluncedo kakhulu kuneengxelo neengxelo.

Ulwakhiwo

Ukunika abathathi-nxaxheba uqeqesho olufikelelekayo lwemiqathango yamanzi, ubuchule bobugcisa, kunye nobuchule bonxibelelwano. Ukunika inkxalabo, ukunyamekela abantwana, kunye nezithuthi ukunciphisa imiqobo. Yakha amandla abasebenzi besebe ekuboneni ukubala kunye nolawulo olusebenzisanayo. Xa wonke umntu exhotyiswe, umgangatho wengxoxo uyaphucula.

Cima Iimpahla

Abathathi-nxaxheba kufuneka babone ukuba imicimbi yabo yegalelo. Bhala zonke izimvo kwaye uchaze indlela eziqwalaselwe ngayo. Papasha isishwankathelo seziphumo kunye nesizathu sezigqibo. Gcina unxibelelwano oluqhubekayo nabagcini-mathiriyeli emva kokuba inkqubo yamkelwe, kuquka iingxelo zenkqubela-phambili ekuzalisekisweni nasekujongweni.

Ulawulo oluzinzileyo

Imithetho ifanele ijongwe njengeemvavanyo eziphuculiweyo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Xa ukhe uphinda-phinda uhlolo lwexesha apho ugcino-lwazi olutsha nenkcazelo yoluntu lunokukhokelela kuhlengahlengiso. Oku kunciphisa uloyiko lokungalungiseki kwaye kukhuthaza ukuba nenxaxheba kwanaxa ukungaqiniseki kuphezulu.

Ukulinganisa Umphumo Wokuthabatha Inxaxheba Kuwonke - wonke

Ukuphucula iinkqubo zokuzifunela, kufuneka silandele imiqathango elandelela zombini umgangatho kunye neziphumo nkqubo. Imilinganiselo elula yeziphumo zemveliso(unombolo) yezimvo ezifunyenweyo, inani leentlanganiso ezibanjelweyo/azinanelanga. Izikhombisi ezinentsingiselo ziquka:

  • [[UMTL:0] Ukwalatha [: Ngaba abathathi-nxaxheba babonakalisa umahluko wamanani namazwe wabemi abachaphazelekayo?
  • [[Uluhlu:0] ubunjani obungundoqo: Ngaba iingxubusho zaziquka, zihloniphekile, kwaye zazisiwe ngobungqina obulungileyo?
  • Ingeniso kwizigqibo: Ingaba iinguqu ezithile kwinkqubo yokugqibela zingagcinwa emva kwigalelo likawonke-wonke?
  • Iziphumo ezikhoyo: Ingaba inkqubo yakha ukuthembana, yanciphisa ingxabano, okanye yandisa ukufunda amanzi?
  • Ixesha elide lokuzinzisa : Ngaba uluntu luyaqhubeka lubandakanyeka kulawulo lwamanzi emva kokuba inkqubo iphelile?

Ingxakeko zingasebenzisa uphando, udliwano-ndlebe nabafaki-nxaxheba, kunye novavanyo oluzimeleyo ukuvavanya la macala. ECD ivelise isiseko sokuvavanya ukuba nenxaxheba kulawulo lwamanzi olunokukhokela imigudu enjalo.

Indima Yezixhobo Zamanani Neeplatform zogcino - lwazi

Ukufikelela koNcedo nokuBaleka

Uphuhliso lwamanzi lwangoku luxhomekeke kugcino-lwazi olusuka kuqukuqelo lomlambo ukuya kwimifanekiso yesatellite kwingqwalasela zenzululwazi. Ukwenza olu gcino-lwazi lufumaneke kwiplatfomu ezivulekileyo kuxhasa ukuthatha inxaxheba kolwazi oluphangaleleyo. Ugcino-lwazi lwamanzi olucwangcisiweyo lunganceda uluntu luqonde iimeko zangoku, intsingiselo, kunye nokuthengwa okungenayo okuxhomekeke kwizigqibo zolawulo.

Ulawulo lomxholo kunye nonxibelelwano oluzizinzileyo

Ukwakha nokugcina ubukho be-web obufikelelekayo, obucace gca, kunye nokubandakanyeka kwinkqubo yamanzi kufuneka inkqubo yolawulo oluqinileyo lolwakhiwo. Iqonga elifana ne-Direcus linceda abameli bamanzi kunye neebhodi zamanzi ezingaziphumeleliyo, ukupapasha amaxwebhu okubonisa, ukulawula iifomu zengxelo, nokugcina abagcini-mathiriyeli besazi ngalo lonke ixesha lomgaqo-nkqubo. Ngokususa umva kwisiphelo sesiphelo, imibutho ingenza iimaphu ezidityanisiweyo, iibhodi ezinqamlezayo, kunye nee-portsssssss, kunye neelwimi ezininzi ezihamba ngolwimi ezisuka kwimfuno zoluntu.

Inzululwazi Yabemi Nogcino - lwazi Olusemgangathweni

Izixhobo zamanani zinika abemi amandla okunikela ngqo ekuhlolweni kwamanzi. Izixhobo zeselula zivumela abemi ukuba baxele amaqula omile, iintyatyambo ze-algal, okanye iingxaki zomgangatho wamanzi. Le nkcazelo idityaniswe kwii-database ezisemthethweni kwaye isetyenziselwe ukwazisa inkqubo. Kodwa ezo nyathelo kufuneka zichaze umgangatho wogcino-lwazi, ubumfihlo, kunye nemiba ecwangcisiweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba bayazondla kunokuba bathathe indawo yokuqwalasela okucwangcisiweyo.

Uhlolisiso Lwetyala: Ukuba Nenxaxheba Kuwonke - wonke

ISicwangciso se-Murray esiNcinane seBasin, e-Australia

I-Murray-Darling Basin igquma icandelo elinye lesixhenxe leAustralia kwaye yeyona ibalulekileyo ekufumaneni ukutya. Ngaphezu kokukhutshwa nembalela yakonakalisa kakhulu imilambo yayo kunye neendawo ezihlala ixhaphakile. Impendulo . ISin Plan(ilungu lenkqubo enkulu yokwabela kwimbali yase-Australia. Amawaka enkxalabo kawonke-wonke, amaqela okubhekisa phambili, neentlanganiso zobucukubhede bengi, zanceda ekulungiseni amaxhoba okufumana amanzi. Ngelixa ingxabano, inkqubo yaphucula ilungelo lokwabiwa kolwano olunzima kwaye yadala amaziko ahlala ixesha njenge-Murray-Darling Basin Ague, aqhubeka ebandakanye nabaxhasi bemigrobi.

Ukucwangcisa Ukhuseleko Lwamanzi eKenya

Elasemaphandleni eKenya, ukuba nenxaxheba kusemgangathweni wokucwangcisa ukhuseleko lwamanzi. Ngokuxhaswa yi-NGOS norhulumente, iikomiti zamanzi zasekuhlaleni ziqeqeshelwa ukuvavanya iingozi, ukuphuhlisa amaqhinga okusela, nokuqwalasela ukufaneleka kwamanzi. Amalungu oluntu aqhuba uhlolisiso lococeko kwaye abandakanyeke kumaphulo okulumkisa. Lo mzekelo uye wakhokelela ekuphuculweni okusemgangathweni wamanzi kwaye unciphisa amazinga orhudo. Indlela yokusebenzisa i-patria iqinisekisa ukuba izicombululo zisekelwe kulwazi lwasekuhlaleni nakwizakhiwo zentlalo.

Isiphelo: Ukusuka ekubeni nenxaxheba ukuya kutsho kwiqabane

Ukuthabatha inxaxheba kuwonke wonke kwinkqubo yokuphuhliswa kwamanzi asisosiganeko sexesha elinye okanye umqobo omele ucinywe. Lumanyano oluqhubekayo phakathi koorhulumente, uluntu, kunye nabasebenzisi bamanzi. Xa lusenziwa kakuhle, luvelisa imigaqo elungeleleneyo, ephumelela ngakumbi, nenamandla angakumbi. Inika abantu amandla okuba ngabaphathi bobuncwane bamanzi kunokuba babe ngabamkeli beenkonzo abangenzi nto.

Imingeni ingamandla okwenene .-amandla okungalingani, izithintelo zovimba, kunye nokuntsonkotha , kodwa azinakuthintelwa. Ngokufaka uhlahlelo kwiyila equkayo, ukwakhiwa komsebenzi, kunye nentsingiselo ekhanyayo, abenzi benkqubo bangaguqula inxaxheba kwibhokisi ukuze bahlolwe ibe ngumthombo wolwakhiwo kunye nokuthemba. Njengoko ukunqaba kwamanzi kusanda nokutshintsha ukungaqiniseki, imfuneko yobulumko obudibeneyo nobunikazi bomntu ngamnye iyakhula. Uthelelwano lukawonke wonke asiyonto yolonwabo kulawulo lwamanzi; yimfuneko.

Imithetho yamanzi eyasungulwa, kungekhona nje, uluntu luya kuhlala luhleli.