Ekudibaneni kwenkqubo yemozulu, inkqubela yezoqoqosho, kunye nobulungisa bamandla kukho ulungiselelo lwemithetho olunika uluntu amandla okuthatha ubunikazi bamandla alo kwixesha elizayo. UmThetho, nokuba uqondwa njengohlobo oluthile lwendawo ekhuselekileyo kumthetho wamandla karhulumente okanye kumgangatho karhulumente ovuselelweyo okanye umthetho othile ofana noMthetho wokuLawula i-Reduuction Act eUnited States, usebenza njengesixhobo esibalulekileyo sokunyanzela ukunyusa amandla acocekileyo kumgangatho wokwamkelwa komgangatho wengca. Ngokunika izikhundla-mali, izikhundla zemali, kunye nenkxaso yequmrhu, lo mthetho uguqula oko kwakukhe kwabakho ummandla omkhulu wezinto ezinokufumaneka kumathuba okufikeleleka akhoyo, amadolophane, kunye nentsebenzi. Eli nqaku lihlolisisa indima engundoqo elungele ukukhuliswa komsebenzi oluntu, ukuvavanyaniswa kwemiqatha, ukunyuka kwemiqatha, ukunyuka kwamathuba, ukunyuka kwamathuba anyuka kweminye.

Amalungiselelo Angundoqo Omthetho

Ukusebenza koMthetho ekupheliseni amandla akhoyo emisebenzi yoluntu kuxhomekeke kwisuti yamalungiselelo ayilwe kakuhle. Ezi zibonelelo zithetha ngezona zinto ziqhelekileyo ezijongene neentshukumo zobukhokho: iindleko eziphezulu zangaphambili, ukuvumela ukuntsonkotha, ukunqongophala kobugcisa, nokungafikeleleki kwikomkhulu. Ngokujolisa ezi ndawo zikhuphiswano, lo Mthendeleko wenza imekobume encedayo yoluntu kwimiyezo yelanga, intsebenziswano yomoya, ukufakwa kwemichiza yemibhobho, kunye nezinye iimo zendalo ezifakelwayo.

Inkxaso-mali

Kwintliziyo yoMgaqo-nkqubo wezemali kusetyenziswa ukuphucula ukufaneleka kwemali ekhoyo yoluntu ngokutsha. Imali-mboleko, iimali zerhafu, kunye neemali-mboleko eziphantsi zinciphisa inkcitho yokuqala yamakomkhulu, ngokufuthi engowona mqobo mkhulu. Umzekelo, phantsi koMqathango woKhuselo-ntle woluntu [[FLT: 1]). Imisebenzi yezorhwebo yezorhwebo inokwenza ifaneleke kwimali yemali yemali eqingqiweyo ukuya kuma-30%, kunye nemali eyongezelelekileyo yemisebenzi ekwimibutho elifumana imali ephantsi okanye kwimibutho elina intlawulo elinawo ngaphambili ([FLT.0]]] umgangatho woluntu olufunyaniswe yi-okthi. Inkxaso ethenjiweyo yemali enyiselwayo i-oknziwayo ngombane. Isebe lokufumana iindleko ze-Ealvermic Eternationalsssssssss (REAPlance) ukunikezela kwemisebenzi yeprovices) elungelelantials (Freans) ukuze kunikezele 50

Ukuvumela nokungena konxibelelwano oludityanisiweyo

Ukuvumela ukulibaziseka kunye neemfuno zonxibelelwano ezintsonkothileyo zinezindululo zamandla oluntu eziye zagcinwa ngokwembali. UMthetho uthetha oku ngokuhambelana neenkqubo zokuvumela, ukuseka ixesha lokuhlola ubuchule, kunye nokumisela imiqobo yemida yenethi ekwaziyo ukunikezela. Umzekelo, ukusetyenziswa kwemithetho emininzi yezomthetho ngoku kufuna ukuba ingasebenzi kwizicelo zokudibanisa iinkqubo zonxibelelwano ngeentsuku ezingama-60 ukwenzela ukuba iinkqubo zenkqubo zilungiswe phantsi ko 1 MW, ukuphucula okuphawulekayo kokuguquguquka komahluko okwiminyaka emithandathu ukuya kwemihla emithandathu ukuya kwisiqingatha senyanga yokuhlola, kunye nokumisela ixesha ngaphambili elalidinisa abaphuhlisi abancinane. Ngaphezu koko, umThetho we-''unik-ommbly'ekubandakanya imiqatha ekhethekileyo yokukhetha i-'i-A'injini ekhoyo (CCA), ukuvumela oorhulumente basekuhlaleni ngaphandle kwemiqobo okanye uluntu olulungele uluntu.

Imfundo, Ukufikelela, Noncedo Lobugcisa

Ulwamkelo lwamandla avuselelweyo oluntu lungangokubhekiselele ekuqondeni okungakumbi njengokuba kunjalo ngezoqoqosho. Umthendeleko uxhasa inkxaso-mali yecandelo lokufumana amandla atshayo ee-ofisi, iiverheji, kunye nee-intanethi zezixhobo zekhompyutha. Ezi zinto zinceda iinkokeli zasekuhlaleni ziqonde imizekelo yemali, zisebenzisa iimfuno zolawulo, zize zibandakanye ii-accorations. Ezinye izibonelelo zikwaxhasa ‘ ukubhaliswa kwamaqela .inkqubo yokuthenga into eninzi ethengiswayo ukuze kuncitshiswe amaxabiso aphantsi. Uncedo lobugcisa oluvela kwii-omatshini zoshishino kunye nababalungela abafanelekileyo lusoloko lufumaneka kwizifundo zemali, ukwenziwa kwenkqubo yezoshishino, kunye nokuphuhlisolwazi.

Umanyano

UMthetho ukhuthaza umanyano phakathi kwamasebe karhulumente, oomatshini abaluncedo, imibutho engaveli ngeniso, kunye nabaphuhlisi bobucala. Intsebenziswano enjalo ingathatha uhlobo lwezibonelelo zezembane ezisetyenziswa ngummandla wesibonelelo-langa, apho abahlawuli besantya bangazifaki iindawo zokuhlala kwimpahla yabo, okanye imizekelo yentsebenziswano apho uluntu luzihlanganisela kunye iimpahla zesizukulwana. Ezi manyano zidla ngokuzisa kunye ubuchule bobugcisa babaphuhlisi, indlela yolawulo yemibutho, nolwazi lwasekuhlaleni lwamaqela oluntu.

Impembelelo Kuluntu

Iziphumo ezicacileyo zoMthetho ziyabonakala kumakhulukhulu oluntu aye aqalisa imisebenzi ehlaziyekileyo yamandla ukususela ekuzalisekisweni kwawo.

Ukuncitshiswa kwamandla nokungaguquguquki

I-10-20% yomgangatho wemali efunyenweyo encinane ebhadliweyo, i-NFLFS . Uhlolisiso lwenkqubo yoluntu lwelanga nefama yomoya lunciphisa ngqo iindleko zombane kwabarhumeli. Kwimo yemodeli, abathathi-nxaxheba bahlawula imali ephantsi ngeyure ngeyure ye-i-injini, igcine i-10-20%. Kwizindlu ezifumana imali ephantsi, ezi zinokuba yi-Ascreenments. Izifundo zezocwangciso-langa nelanga eColoradolorado zifumanise ukuba abaxhasi bemiqathango ye-R377 ngonyaka kwaye ezo zigcinwe zixhaswe nanga ngokwexabiso elisisibonelo linyukayo ([[FL:1]).

“Umthetho uguqule isikolo sethu samabanga aphakamileyo sasekuhlaleni ekubeni sithenge amandla omnatha ukuba sibe ngumvelisi. Kwiminyaka emithathu siye salondoloza ngaphezu kwe R180 000 yaye sifundisa abafundi ngezoqoqosho zokubuyiselwa ngexesha lokwenene.” – Superintendent, iGreenfield School

Imisebenzi yendalo kunye nophuhliso lwezoqoqosho

Imisebenzi yamandla oluntu ivelisa umsebenzi kufakelo, ugcino, kunye nolawulo. Ngenxa yokuba ezi misebenzi idla ngokuba mincinane kwaye ininzi ingeniso yomsebenzi kwifama yesikali esiluncedo, ivelisa imisebenzi emininzi yasekuhlaleni kwiyunithi nganye yomsebenzi. Ingxelo evela kwi-Solar Foundation eqikelelwa ukuba ukufakwa kwelanga kudala malunga ne-1.5% yemisebenzi ngethuba le-megawatt kumgangatho we-PV. Ngaphezu koko, ingeniso evela kwimisebenzi yeprojekthi ihlala iphakathi koluntu xa isakhiwo sisesakhelwa. Emakhaya, abalimi bangafumana intlawulo yokuhlalisa ii-tropiki zomoya emhlabeni wabo, benika ingeniso esezantsi. Iziphumo ezizinzileyo ze-osekomgangathweni zinikwa iinkonzo nezinto zoshishino.

Ukuzimela Ngamandla Nokuzinzisa

Ngokuvelisa amandla abo, abantu banciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwimigca ephakathi kunye nemigca edluliswayo emide. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kuluntu olukude okanye lweziqithi apho amaxabiso ombane aphezulu kwaye anokuthenjwa. Inkxaso yemicrogrid systems (inokusetyenziswa ngelanga-unyulu-unyuso-lufakelo lwe-plangalasi-kujijelwa) kunye nezixhobo ezibalulekileyo ezifana nezitishi zomlilo, iindawo zokukhusela uxakeka, kunye neempompo zamanzi zokuhlala zisebenza ngexesha lemigca ephezulu engaphandle. Kwiziphumo zeziganeko zemozulu ezinzima, abantu baphinde bafumaneke ukuba basebenze bagcine amandla okusindisa, xa igridi ebanzi ingaphumeleli. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kwixesha lemozulu ebangela iintlekele.

Uphando lwemeko lokusebenza ngokunempumelelo

IFomati Yelanga Yoluntu yase Greenfield

EGreenfield, idolophu esembindini ephakathi eNtshona-ntshona, izihlomelo ze-Act zenza ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba uluntu lwe-5 MW lwasefama ye-MW lwaveliswa yi-operal sisixhobo sombane kunye nengeniso yasekuhlaleni. Lo msebenzi wasebenzisa ukudityaniswa kweemali zerhafu karhulumente kunye nerejistatimenti yombuso ukunikezela ngemali engamashumi ama-60% exabiso exabiso lasemva. Ii-ouniversitys , izikolo, kunye namashishini amancinane, ngoku kwamkelekelelwa kwe-15% kwimali yombane yabo. Ifamafama yemisebenzi yokwakha engama-35 kunye neemisebenzi emibini epheleleyo esebenzayo. I-eoyile eziqeshayo zalahla umlinganiselo wama-30%, ngokomgqaliselo wenqaku lokuqala.

Umanyano Lomoya Wentlambo

Esemaphandleni eWashington, intsebenziswano yeZivumelwano zamandla eentsapho ezili-200,000 zokuxhathisa iPuchase-odolowes ze-odolowes ze-odole ze-CPchase zenziwe nguMthetho ukuseka ii-2 MW turbines. Intsebenziswano yavumela amalungu ukuba adibanise ikomkhulu kwaye afaneleke kwimali-mboleko ephantsi. Ilungu ngalinye libona i-Rebatete elingana neminikelo yalo, efana ne-$80.80.00,200 (R1,200) ngonyaka.

Yabelana nodweliso lwenkqubo yelanga, eColorado

Inkqubo yoluntu lwaseColorado yomgangatho welanga, exhaswa ngumthetho wesizwe oqwalaselwe kuMthetho, ngoku iquka imisebenzi engaphezu kwama-60 enceda abarhumi bamandla abangaphezu kwama-8,000. Okuphawulekayo, inkqubo igunyazisa ukuba ubuncinane i 10% yabarhumi babe zizindlu ezifumana imali ephantsi, kwaye inika umgangatho ongaphantsi ukwenzela ukuba ezo intsapho zigcine ubuncinane ama-20% kwiindleko zombane. Le ndlela iqwalaselwayo iqinisekisa ukuba inzuzo yamandla ahlaziyekileyo ayipheleli kwabo banokukwazi ukuthenga isakhiwo sombane.

Ucelomngeni Namathuba

Ngoxa lo mthetho uye wenza inkqubela ebalulekileyo, ukuphunyezwa kwawo kuye kwatyhila imiqobo engapheliyo emele ijongwe ukunyuka ulwamkelo lwamandla oluntu.

Imiqobo yolawulo nolawulo

Ngaphandle kwamalungiselelo okuqukuqela, ukuvumela nokunxulumana kuhlala kusengowona mthombo uqhelekileyo wokulibazisa. Imisebenzi, ingakumbi eyongezelelweyo, ingaxhathisa uqhagamshelwano oluphakathi kwesizukulwana esabelweyo kuba inciphisa isiseko sengeniso yaso. Kwamanye amazwe, izinto eziluncedo ziye zaphumelela ekufumaneni iintambo zokufaka iintambo kwimitha ye-nethi okanye ukunyanzela izicelo ezikhukulisela inzuzo yezoqoqosho yoluntu. Ngaphezu koko, ukuntsonkotha kokusebenzisa iinkqubo zezikhuthazo ezidityathwayo eziqengqelekayo, isikhuseli soncedo, isikhuseli soncedo, .

Inkcitho eseleyo kunye neeNkonkxa zemali

Kwananakwiimali ezinika irhafu kunye neemali zerhafu, imfuneko yemali eseleyo ingaba nkulu kuluntu oluncinane. Iindawo ezininzi ezifumana imali ephantsi azinayo imbali yetyala okanye irhafu yokusebenzisa inzuzo epheleleyo yeetyala lerhafu, ezidla ngokufumaneka ngokuhambelana nerhafu kunye nemibutho emikhulu yemali. Oku kudibanisa iindleko zentengiselwano kunye nokuncitshiswa kwemali yengingqi yoluntu. Ithuba lilele kumalungiselelo athe ngqo (njengoko kuqukwa kwentlawulo lweRedulution Act yerhaful's contration) kunye neemodensities zom zasekuhlaleni ezingafuni kuhlawulwa kunyulwa kunyuso lwamashishini.

Ubungqina nobungqina

Abahlali abaninzi abakhange baqaphele iinzuzo zemali nezemekobume zoluntu ezinokuhlaziywa, okanye bagcina iimbono eziphosakeleyo ngokuthembeka, ukuncitshiswa kwemiqathango yempahla. Iinkqubo zoMthetho wokufundisa zisoloko ziphantsi okanye zisenziwa ngokungaguquguqukiyo. Amaphulo okunika ingxubusho kunye noshishino loluntu olulungiselelwe ingingqi luye lwasebenza kakuhle kumaphandle naselunxwemeni, kodwa ukufikelela abaqeshi-mali kunye nabantu abangengolwimi lwesiNgesi kufuna intengiso entle. Iingingingingi zengingqi zemfundo zemfundo, iintloko zesikolo, abanikazi bamashishini abahlonelwa kakhulu. [iiiiiiiii-arhentergion, ii-arhentelligracgy, ii-omatilanethis, abaneenkunkxwaneas.

Imithetho Esesikweni Neyokusebenzisa Amandla

Uluntu lunokuphinda lufumane umngcipheko wokuphinda lufumane intlawulo ekhoyo, kodwa iimali zokuqesha ezikhoyo zisenokuvelisa imiqobo. UMthetho ungakhuthaza ukungabi namali ngokufuna ukuba inxalenye encinane yemali igcinelwe abaxhasi abaphantsi nabafumana imali encinane, kwaye ngokunikela iityala ngesikali esithe tyaba. Ezinye izivumelwano zoluntu ziqalisela ukudibanisa iiprojekthi zokuqeshwa nokugcinwa kwemali yemali kwimisebenzi yezindlu zikawonke wonke, ziqinisekisa ukuba uninzi lweendawo eziziimali ziyingenelo ngqo kwiintsapho ezifumana imali ephantsi nencinane.

Ushenxiso kunye nokuQopha kweGridi

Njengoko ukwanda kokungena koluntu, abasebenzi begridi bajongana nocelomngeni lwesizukulwana esiguquguqukayo kunye nokubuya umva kwamandla. Ulungiselelo loMthetho ngoku lungakuxhasi ukugcina amandla kwimisebenzi ye-scale. Ababhexeshi bavumela abantu ukuba bagcine isizukulwana selanga esigqithisileyo ukwenzela ukusetyenziswa kwangokuhlwa, ukwandisa ukuzidibanisa kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo kwi-grid. Ukuhamba noluntu kunye nokugcina amandla okuzigcina kungenza uphumelele ngexesha lokuphuma. Ubuchule bokulungelelatha izinto zogcino lwemijelo, ukudibanisa ii-tariffiary, kunye nokuzidibanisela iminatha yeminatha yokugcina izinto zivela njengamathuba angundoqo. Amanye amazwe aqhuba ‘ i-iamminoy sison soay soatherish kunye neenkqubo zogcino ezinika iziphumo ezinika ithemba.

Iingcebiso ezicwangcisiweyo zomgaqo-nkqubo wexesha elizayo

Ukwakha kwimpumelelo yoMthetho ngeli lixa ujongene nentsilelo zawo kuza kufuna ubuchule obuninzi obuguqula inkqubo yowiso-mthetho.

Yenza Ubomi Bulula Nokulungelelana

Uphuhliso lwe-intanethi ekwindawo esezantsi ukwenzela ukunikezela ngezicelo kumgangatho worhulumente norhulumente. Sebenzisa isicelo esinye esizalisa ugcino-lwazi olusisiseko loluntu. Qwalasela ukuphelisa iityala zerhafu ezixhasa ukuhlawula ngokuthe ngqo ezinokufikeleleka kwizinto ezikhoyo ngaphandle kwerhafu. Inkqubo yenkxaso-mali edityanisiweyo inciphisa umthwalo wolawulo kunye nesantya semigca yeprojekthi.

Iimodeli zoomatiloshe boluntu

Ukhuthaza intsebenziswano kunye nobunikazi obungeyonzuzo ngokunikezela ngeenkqubo kunye noncedo lobugcisa. Ukhuphiswano lugcina iinzuzo zezoqoqosho endaweni yalo kwaye lwakha ubutyebi bexesha elide. Lo Mthetho unganikela izikhuthazo ezifunekayo kwimisebenzi elungiselelwe ngamalungu amaninzi oluntu, kunokuba ube ngabaphuhlisi becandelo lesithathu.

Ulungiso lwe projekthi

Kufuneka ukuba iinkqubo ezivuselelwayo zoluntu zibekwe bucala 20-30% yombilini wamalungu afumana imali encinane kwaye ziquka intengo yemali encinane emalunga nama-20%. Nika ityala elibolekisayo kwiiprojekthi ezifumaneka kuluntu olusweleyo njengoko zichazwa sisixhobo sobulungisa sokulinganisa amandla. Qhagamshelana nezi miyalelo ngenkxaso yemali yokunika amacebiso asemthethweni nangokwemali ukunceda iintsapho ezifumanayo zisebenzise imiqondiso esezantsi.

Ugcino olungaphakathi kunye neMicrogrid Cabilies

Qhuba i-Act ukuquka amalungiselelo athile okugcina umbane ecaleni kwesizukulwana. Qondisa iityala zerhafu zotyalo-mali ukwenzela ukugcina irhafu xa idityaniswe noluntu. Imali enika i-micrids ezinokusuka kwi-grid kwimeko engxamisekileyo. Imithetho yokudibanisa ephatha ukugcina njengezinto zesizukulwana ezinemithetho yokuthoba ekhutshwa kwamanye amazwe, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwegridi xa kusenzeka ixabiso lokupakisha.

Ukuxhobisa Ngemali Kuqeqesho Lomsebenzi Woluntu

Yenza uphatho loqeqesho lomsebenzi onikezelweyo ukwenzela izinto ezihlaziywayo, ukujonga ukufakwa, ukulungiswa, kunye nolawulo lweprojekthi. Sebenzisa iikholeji zoluntu kunye nezikolo zomsebenzi ukunikela iinkqubo zoqeqesho ezinconyelweyo.

Isiphelo

Lo mThetho uzingqine uyinto engundoqo yokutshintsha ingeniso enokwenziwa ngabantu. Ngokuhlisa imiqobo yemali, iinkqubo ezilula, kunye nokukhuthaza ulwakhiwo, unceda amakhulu emisebenzi yasekuhlaleni enika amandla acocekileyo, ukunciphisa amatyala, ukudala imisebenzi, nokuzinzisa inkxaso. Kodwa uhambo lukude lugqibele. Ukuhamba ngentlawulo, ukuxhasa izithuba zemali, ukuphelelwa kwemali, nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zobugcisa. Xa kukhokelwa amandla ahlaziyekayo, nokuphuculwa kwawo onke afuna ingqalelo. Icandelo elilandelayo lenkqubo yolungiso-mthetho kufuneka liphinde kabini kwimisebenzi, i-ectivesty, i-ective, kunye nokugcina izinto ezigciniweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abantu abafumana ingeniso, ulawulo, ulawulo, okanye amava angaphambili, angenelwayo kwaye angenelwe kwintlawulo oluhlaziyayo. Xa abantu besenza inkqubela, ngoko ke banokuphumelela, ngoko ke bayakwazi ukusetyenziswa kwinkqubela-oogronabango: kwikamva labo abanokukwazi ukurhweba, ukurhweba, ukurhweba, ukuzuza, ukusetyenziswa kwabo.