Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, abalawuli belizwe kulo lonke elaseUnited States baye bajikela ngokukhulayo kwiindlela zogcino-lwazi eziqhubela phambili ukusingatha ubuhlwempu. Kunokuba baxhomekeke kungenelo olubanzi, kwiinkqubo zonke ezinomlinganiselo omnye, ezi nkokeli ngoku zisebenzisa ugcino-lwazi oluqinileyo ukujolisa izibonelelo ngobuchule botyando. Ngokusebenzisa ulwazi lwengeniso, umsebenzi, imfundo, impilo, kunye nezindlu, abalawuli bangabona abona abona abona bantu abachanekileyo kwaye bangenele apho ungenelelo luza kuba nempembelelo enkulu khona. Olu tshintsho asilo tyekelo nje kuphela, .

Imali etsala imali ingaphezulu. Ama-odola adityanisiwe achitha amawaka ezigidi zeerandi nyaka ngamnye kwiinkqubo ezichasene nobuhlwempu ezisukela kuncedo lwemali kunye nezitembu zokutya ukuya kuqeqesho lomsebenzi nezindlu ezinokufikeleleka. Kodwa ngaphandle kogcino-lwazi olomeleleyo, ezininzi zemali zingalahlekiswa. Ulawulo logcino-lwazi-olwakhiwo luvumela amazwe ukuba alinganise iziphumo, alungise ikhondo lezifundo ngexesha lokwenene, kwaye aqinisekise ukuba imali yonke ehlawulwayo yerhafu isetyenziswa kwisiphumo esiphezulu. Njengesiphumo, iijaji ezisuka kuwo omabini amaqela zityale iyunithi yogcino-data, ukuncedisana nolawulo lukarhulumente, nokuvula idata karhulumente kuwonke wonke. Eli nqaku lihlola indlela iinkokeli ezichaza ngayo ukuba kusetyenziswe ngayo ukulwa nobuhlwempuze.

Indima Yolwazi Ekokuqonda Ubuhlwempu

Ugcino-lwazi lunendima ebalulekileyo ekushenxiseni imigudu yokuthoba intlupheko yobuhlwempu esuka kwimigudu yokusebenza ngokuhambela phambili. Kunokuba lilinde iintsapho ukuba zingene kumanqam, abalawuli bangasebenzisa ulwazi ukuze balindele imfuneko nokuhambisa iinkonzo ngokukhawuleza. Ngokomzekelo, ngokuhlolisisa iingxelo zokuya esikolweni kunye nenkcazelo yezonyango, urhulumente unokubona abantwana abasengozini yokuwela ebuhlweni ngaphambi kokuba iintsapho zabo zife. Olu hlobo lokungenelela kwasekuqaleni lunokwenzeka kuphela xa ulwazi oluvela kumasebe ahlukeneyo ludityanisiwe ludityanisiwe kwaye luqwalaselwe kunye.

Ukubona Oonobangela Abayintloko

Kunqabile ukuba ubuhlwempu bubangelwe yinto enye. Ngokuqhelekileyo yimiba entsonkothileyo edibeneyo ``imali ehlawulwayo' edibeneyo, ukunqongophala kwemali efunekayo, ukungophiswa kwempilo entle, ucalucalulo, nokuzimela indawo. Ugcino-lwazi lunceda abalawuli basuse ezi zinto kwaye baqonde ukuba ziziphi ezicinezela kakhulu kwilizwe labo. Umzekelo, irhuluneli yelizwe lasemaphandleni ingafumana ukuba ukunqongophala kwendlela yokuthutha kungumqobo wokufumana umsebenzi, ngelixa irhuluneli yelizwe lasedolophini isenokujamelana nengxaki yokuzimela. Ngaphandle kogcino-data, ezi zinto zingahlala zingabonakali zingekho ngqimbano.

Abemi Abanokukwazi Ukuhlahlela

Ugcino-lwazi lukwatyhila ukuba ngawaphi amaqela axhatshazwa ngokungenakulinganiswa bubuhlwempu. Ukuwohloka kobuhlwempu ngokweminyaka, uhlanga, ubufana, kunye nokukhubazeka kuvumela abalawuli ukuba bayile ungenelelo olujongiweyo. Umzekelo, abantwana abangaphantsi kwesihlanu ngamaqela amadala adla ngokuhlala ebuhlweni kumazwe amaninzi. Ngokunqamleza ugcino-lwazi lwabantwana lobuhlwempu kunye nemfundo yabantwana yasekuqaleni, irhuluneli inganika imali yeenkqubo zangaphambi-K kwiindawo ezifuneka kakhulu kuzo. Ngokufanayo, ugcino-lwazi olubonisa amanani aphezulu obuhlwempuzeko phakathi koomama abangabodwa lunokukhokelela kwinyathelo lokwandisa inkxaso yabantwana kunye nokuhlawula kwentsapho.

Imaphu yeGama eliTshapoti

Inkqubo yolwazi lwe-GOOgraphic (GIS) iye yaba zizixhobo eziyimfuneko kubalawuli. Ngokuceba amaqondo obuhlwempu kwiimaphu ezisecaleni kogcino-lwazi kwizikolo, izibhedlele, izitore zokutya, kunye nothutho lukawonke-wonke, abenzi benkqubo bangabona ngqo apho ubumpofu buxhotyiswe khona kwaye naziphi izinto ezingekhoyo. Amanye amazwe, njenga Calinia, adala iibhodi ezibonisa ugcino-lwazi lobuhlwempu olubonisa ukuhla kwelaphulo lobalo. Ezi zixhobo zinika amagosa oluntu kunye nemibutho yoluntu amandla okusebenzisana norhulumente kwizicombululo ezinikezelo.

Imithombo yogcino-lwazi olungundoqo kunye nolungelelwaniso

Abalawuli bephondo baxhomekeke kuludwe olubanzi lwemithombo yogcino-lwazi ukwazisa iindlela zabo zokukhulula ubuhlwempu. Ezinye zezi luhlolisiso lukarhulumente lwesithethe, ngeli lixa ezinye zivela kwiirekhodi zolawulo okanye kumacandelo azimeleyo. Ngeli ngezantsi zintlobo eziqhele ukusetyenziswa zogcino-lwazi nendlela abazisa ngayo inkqubo.

  • Ingeniso kunye neMibaliso yeMsebenzi – iUS Censureal Bureau’s American Community Survey (ACS) inikezela ngogcino-lwazi lwaminyaka le lwengeniso, ubume bobuhlwempu, kunye nomsebenzi. IRhuluneli zisebenzisa la manani ukufumanisa ukuba zi-el ekulungele ukufumaneka kwiinkqubo ezifana ne-Medicaid kunye ne-SNAP kunye nokuvavanya ukuba uqoqosho lwe-S-ondleko lwe-omnts-mali yelizwe luyanda ngokuphela.
  • Ugcino-lwazi lwemisebenzi esebenzayo - amasebe emfundo kaRhulumente aqokelela ugcino-lwazi kwiziphumo zovavanyo, kwimigangatho yokuphumelela, kunye nengqeqesho yesikolo. Ngokudibanisa le data ne-data yengeniso, abalawuli bangabona izithuba zempumelelo kunye nokuveliswa kwezikolo ezinceda abafundi abafumana imali ephantsi. Iinkqubo ezifana uPromessie Spont shaft [ eMichigan zijoliswe kwimilingo enjalo.
  • [[NTL: 0] IHealth kunye noMphatho wolwazi lwezempilo - ii-Apentials, ukukhutshwa kwezibhedlele, kunye nohlolo olufana nendlela yokusebenza ye-Behayo yeFomal sexveillance System (BRFS) inceda abalawuli baqonde iimpembelelo zempilo yobuhlwempu. Umzekelo, uthelekelelo oluphezulu lwesifo seswekile phakathi kwengeniso ephantsi yabemi basekuhlaleni lungakwandisa unikezelo lokukhusela ukunyanyelelwa kunye neenkqubo zokuzondlobo.
  • Ukubeka intlawulo kunye nogcino-lwazi lokungabi namakhaya – Isebe Lendawo Yokuhlala noPhuhliso lweUrban (HUD) linika ugcino-lwazi kwimithwalo yerhafu, ukugxothwa, kunye namanani okungabinandawo. IRhuluneli zinganqumla ulwandiso olu ne-data yengeniso ukunikezela ngeendawo zokuhlala kunye neendawo zokufihla ingxubusho kuluntu olunengxaki.
  • [[FLT: 0] Ulwazi lomzobo - Iminyaka, uhlanga, ubuhlanga, kunye nogcino-lwazi olukhubazekileyo lubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukulingana. Iirhuluneli ezininzi ziseke iibhodi zodwilo ezingekhoyo ezibonisa ukuba imigudu yokunciphisa ubuhlwempu ifikelela kuluntu ngokulinganayo.

Ngokwandayo, ulawulo lusebenzisa [[FLT: 0] iinkqubo zogcino-lwazi ezidityanisiweyo (IDS) ezidibanisa iingxelo kwiimfuno zentsapho nganye. Umzekelo, inkqubo yogcino-lwazi lwezixhasi yeOregon oludityanisiweyo [ idibanisa ugcino-lwazi olusuka kwiinkonzo zoluntu, imfundo, kunye nabameli bemisebenzi ukunikezela ngembono enxulumene neemfuno zentsapho nganye.

Indlela Ierhuluneli Eziguqulela Ngayo Ugcino - lwazi Kwizenzo

Ukuqokelela ugcino-lwazi linyathelo lokuqala. Eyona nto inzima kukuguqulela ingqiqo kwiinkqubo ezitshintsha ubomi. Abalawuli belizwe bazama iindlela ezininzi ukuvala umsantsa phakathi kohlalutyo logcino-lwazi kunye nokuphunyezwa kwenkqubo.

Ukuseka iiyunithi zogcino-lwazi

Abalawuli abaninzi balethe ugcino-lwazi olunikezelweyo phakathi kwee-ofisi zabo okanye phantsi kolawulo lwabo. La maqela asebenza nge-data izazinzulu, iizibalo, kunye nabahlalutyi bemithetho abasebenza ngqo neenkokeli zomasebe ukuyila iinkqubo ezisekelwe kubungqina. Umbuso uDahington, phantsi kweGaverand Jay Inslee, usungule i Washington Washington[[[FLT:]] uphatho, olusebenzisa i-data iibhodi ukuqhubela phambili kwinkqubela yobuhlwempuzelo nezinye izicwangciso. Ngokunjalo, [[FLT:] Colodo] [FFFF:5] , wenziwa [FFFFF:] [FFFF]

Ukusebenzisa Imodeli Yokufakela Ukungenelela Kwangaphambili

Uqikelelo lwe-alytics lunye lwezixhobo ezinamandla kwizixhobo zogcino-lwazi. Ngokufakela ugcino-lwazi lwembali kwimifanekiso yomatshini yokufunda, iimeko zingaxela kwangaphambili ukuba zeziphi iintsapho ezisemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuwela kubuhlwempu okanye ukungabi namakhaya. Umzekelo, imeko ye- uMassachusetts iqhuba imodeli esebenzisa ugcino-lwazi olusuka kwinkuselo, intlalo-ntle yabantwana, kunye ne-ATANFF (imperary Transy Intelligees jances) ukuchonga iintsapho ezinokungenelwa kwimeko yolawulo lokuzithandela. Ucwangciso lwanciphisa amathuba okufumana inkathalo lokunyamekela umntwana ngoncedo ngoncedo lwabantwana ngo-20% kunye nezigidi zemeko ehlazinziswayo.

Ukunxulumanisa Ugcino-lwazi kwizigqibo zoqingqo-mali

Abanye abalawuli bayi-data enziwa ngqo kwinkqubo yoqingqo-mali. Kunokubeka nje imiqathango yemitya yeenkqubo zobuhlwempu, bafuna abameli ukuba banike ubungqina bokusebenza. U-Ohio, i-Ofit yerhuluneli yoHlahlo noLawulo isebenzisa uhlolo “Ukwe-Qaphela”, ifuna ukuba abameli besizwe babonise ukuba iinkqubo zabo zivavanywe ngokungqongqo njengemilingo elawulwa ngokuzenzekelayo. Iinkqubo ezingenakubonakalisa iziphumo ezikhutshwayo, ngoxa iinkqubo eziphethulweyo zifumana ugcino-lwazi olongezelelweyo.

Imigca eqhawukayo ephakathini kunye nokuphendula koluntu

Ukukhanya kuyinxalenye engundoqo yolawulo logcino-lwazi-driven. Amazwana amaninzi ngoku apapasha iibhodi zekhompyutha ezilandelela ubuhlwempu ngexesha lokwenene. Ezi bhodi zoqhawulo-magama zivumela abemi, intatheli, namaqela ee-advocara ukuba bagcine iijaji zabo zinokuphendula. Umzekelo, Nevada wadala ] ugcino-Dreva-Dream-Icable-Inset-Insect-Imodzi yocwangciso, equka udweliso lwabuhlwempuze. Xa i-metri ibonisa ukurhoxisana kumsebenzi phakathi kwabahlali- oluphantsi, abasebenzi abasebenzi bemi boluntu banokutyhala iinkqubo zokuqeqesha iinkqubo zokuqeqesha umsebenzi.

Uvavanyo lwetyala: Unciphiso logcino-lwazi-oluKhululo lobuhlwempu

EKhalifoniya: Ukujolisa ubuhlwempu Babantwana Ngogcino - lwazi Olungadityanisiweyo

IRhuluneli Gavin Newsom yenze ukunciphisa umgangatho ophambili wobuhlwempu, ingakumbi abantwana. Ngo-2021, ulawulo lwakhe lwavelisa iCalifornia Child Inshorety Reduction Act , emisela usukelo lokusika ubuhlwempu babantwana ngama-50% ngo-2030. Ukufumana inkqubela-phambili, urhulumente wakha inkqubo edityanisiweyo yogcino-lwazi oludibanisa iSebe leSebe lezeNtlalo, iSebe lemfundo, kunye neSebe leSebe lezeMpi-mali yezempilo. Ukusebenzisa olu gcino-lwazi, urhulumente waphawula ukuba ukwandisa iRhostry Inhoverse Incowation (EITC) kunye nokwanda kwe-CalFRAC) kwaneengenelo olukhulu kumntwana. Ngo-20222, ii-202, kunye neenkqubo zobuhlwempulukezo zomntwana ezikhokelela ngqo kulwazi olungo-lwazi oluthiyo.

IMichigan: Ukusebenzisa iGIS kwiNgxowa-mali Yezindlu Efumaneka

IRhuluneli Gretchen Whitmer yasebenzisa ugcino-lwazi kwimali yoncedo yereftware yemali karhulumente ekhoyo yokuhlala. I-Michigan State Howard Development Authority (MSDA) yahlalutya ukugxothwa kwedata yefashoni, irenti yomthwalo, kunye nobalo lokungabi namakhaya kumgangatho wengingqi. Bafumanisa ukuba izibalo ezine ezibekwe kuma-60% ezindlu zikarhulumente ezithe xhathisa ukungazinziswa kwezindlu. Isebenzisa loo nkcazelo, irhuluneli yayalela izigidi ezingaphezulu zeerandi zoncedo lokuqesha nokuphuhlisa izindlu. Indlela yokusebenza kwe-MSHSHDA ngoku isebenzisa imodeli enye ukujolisa zonke izindlu zayo zokurhweba.

ETexas: Imfundo Yomsebenzi Evela Kwinkcazelo Yemisebenzi

IKhomishini yeRhuluneli Greg Abbott yomsebenzi, iTexas Workforce Solution, isebenzisa ugcino-lwazi kwinani labasebenzi abaqeshwayo, ukunyuka koshishino, kunye nezithuba zobuchule ngabanye ukunikezela ngoqeqesho lomsebenzi wobuqu. Xa ugcino-lwazi lwabonisa ukuba ummandla waseHouston unqongophele abancedisi abanconywayo (CNAS) kodwa uninzi lwabasebenzi bezorhwebo, irentengiso yaxhasa inkqubo yokuqeqesha ngesisa kwabasebenzi abaqeshi abafudusiweyo. Inkqubo yabekwa ngabantu abangaphezu kwe-1 200 kumsebenzi weCNA kwiinyanga ezintandathu, kunye nesantya semali engaphezulu kwe-90% emva konyaka omnye. Imali ye-ofisi ye-ofisi ifuna ingeniso-data yocwangciso, hayi ukuba ixabisa ii-R3,000 nge-avarejini yee-R1,000 kwiinkqubo ezifanayo ze-R1,000 kwii-R1,000 kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezi-mishopu ezi-6.

Ukoyisa Ucelomngeni: Ukuba Wedwa, Ukuchana Nokukwazi Ukuzenzela Izinto

Nakubeni ithenjiswe, ukunciphisa ugcino-lwazi oluqhubekayo akunamiqobo. Irhuluneli kufuneka iqhube izigcayiseli zengxaki yangasese, imiba yomgangatho wogcino-lwazi, kunye nokuxhathisa kolawulo.

Ukusetyenziswa Kwento Efihlakeleyo Ye-data

Ukukhupha ulwazi kumaziko amaninzi kunyusa inkxalabo enzulu malunga nokuzimela kwangasese kunye nokusetyenziswa kakubi. Iintsapho ezihlwempuzekileyo zisebuthathaka, kwaye ukujongwa ngooso kurhulumente kungazithintela ekufuneni uncedo. Ukuthetha oku, amaphondo amaninzi amkele ugcino-lwazi oluphakathi [[FLT: 0]-lusebenzisa ummiselo we-[[[FLT:]] izicwangciso zesiseko. Umzekelo, umzekelo, [[FLT]]] unxulumaniso [[FLT]] [[FLT]] luye lwayila ugcino-data oludityanisiweyo lungaqinisekisi ntlobo ze-ntlalo okanye umngcipheko wezoqoqosho lwabantwana bezomthetho obhaliweyo, olusebenzisa ugcino-data-dentie. Irulaye lufuna ukuvumela ukuba iimodemodentiase procencesssssssssssss orreanced proviationstionssssstion kunye neorverityy a

Ukunceda Ugcino-lwazi Luchanekileyo Nolungelelwano

Ugcino-lwazi luluncedo kuphela ukuba luchanekile kwaye lusasebenza. Amasebe amaninzi karhulumente axhomekeke kwiindlela zokuqokelela ugcino-lwazi eziphelelwe lixesha, ezifana neefomu zephepha okanye iidatabase ezidibeneyo ezinganxibelelani. Inyathelo lerhuluneli ledata-edriveni linokonakaliswa yi-data embi. Ukulwa oku, amatyala afaka ugcino-lwazi lwezibonelelo kwi lwezibonelelo zeli xesha elibanzi [[FLT:]] [iiiiindlela zogcino-lwazi lwezibonelelo], kuquka i-APIS, izigxina, kunye nexesha lokwenyaniso logcino-data. Imignografreass's''' yakhankal'indawo yogcino-lwazi lwelizwe oluvumela abameli ukuba babelane ulwazi kufutshane lokwenyani. Ngoku imeko enika i-omatike-omatike-o-o-o

Ubuchule bokwakha

Oorhulumente abaninzi abanabo ubuchule obukwindlu yogcino-lwazi benzululwazi bokwenza uphando oluntsonkothileyo. Ukuthatha kunye nokugcina italente lucelomngeni olungapheliyo, ingakumbi xa imivuzo yecandelo lobuqu iphezulu. Irhuluneli ziye zaphendula ngokwenza [data abahlobo [ kunye nocwangciso lweyunivesithi. New York [FLT][FLT] , phantsi kweRhuluneli uKathy Hochul, ivelise ulungiso [[[FLT]] lwe-New York Cribe Analytics inkqubo, ekhuthaza abafundi abasuka kwi-SYD besebenza kwiiprojekthi ezinxulumene nobuhlwempulu. Inkqubo ye-okst.

Ikamva Lokuncitshiswa Kogcino-lwazi

Umhlaba wolawulo logcino-lwazi ujikeleza ngokukhawuleza. Izimo ezininzi zibonakala zibumba indlela abalawuli abalwa ngayo nobuhlwempu kwiminyaka elishumi ezayo.

Ubuntlola Bokwenza kunye nokufunda ngoomatshini

I-AI kunye nomatshini wokufunda uza kuvumela iimeko zihambe zichaza ii-alytics (ekwenzekileyo) kwiziphumo ezibhaliweyo ngaphambili (into emasiyenze). Umzekelo, imodeli yematshini efundayo ingahlalutya amawaka ezinto eziguquguqukayo ukucebisa ukuxutywa kweenkqubo ezifanelekileyo zentsapho nganye. /job, uqeqesho lwabantwana, uncedo lokudla, okanye imali (isekelwe kwiziphumo ezixelwe kwangaphambili.) Abaqhubi benqwelo-moya bakuqala [FLT: 0] Alabama ibonise ukuba ukuphathwa kwengxelo yetyala le-Alhavi isenokunciphisa ixesha elichithwa ziintsapho ezichitha ngobuhlwempuze ngeenyanga ezili-18.

Ugcino-lwazi lwexesha lokwenene kunye neeseti zentengiso eziqhubekayo

Endaweni yeengxelo zonyaka, iinkqubo zexesha elizayo ziza kusebenzisa ugcino-lwazi lokwenene ukulungelelanisa ngokukhawuleza. I-Internet yezinto (IOT) izixhobo, ugcino-lwazi lweselula, kunye neengenelo lwe-elektroniki (EBT) iirekhodi zentengiselwano zinganikezela ngeempawu ezincinane zoxinzelelo lwezoqoqosho. Irhuluneli ingabona isikhonkwane ekusetyenzisweni kwesitembu sokutya kwingingqi ethile kwaye ngoko nangoko ithumele i-SNAP ehamba neselula igalelo lokutya okanye ilungelelanisa imigangatho eyingenelo.

Ulwahlulo lwesizwe esinqamlezileyo kunye nogcino-lwazi

Ubuhlwempu abuzihloneli izalathiso zikarhulumente. Ukufuduka kwengingqi, iimarike zengingqi, kunye nokunikezela ngetsheyina konke okuchaphazela ubuhlwempu. IiRhuluneli ziqalisa ukwabelana ngogcino-lwazi ngaphaya kwemida ngezixhobo ezifana ne- iGaverators State Innovation Commate . Oku kuzenza zikwazi ukuphawula imigudu yazo yobuhlwempu kwiimeko zoontanga kunye nokwenza ezona zinto zingqineke zikho kwezinye iindawo.

Isiphelo

Ukusetyenziswa kogcino-lwazi ngendlela elungeleleneyo yirhuluneli yelizwe kukuguqula ukunciphisa imigudu yokuthelekelela ekuqatshelweni kwenzululwazi. Ngokuchaza ingcambu yoonobangela abachaphazelekayo, nokulinganisa iziphumo kwixesha lokwenene, abalawuli bangayila ungenelelo olusebenza ngakumbi nolusebenza ngakumbi. Ngelixesha imingeni enxulumene nemfihlo, ucoselelo, kunye namandla aseleyo, ikamva lenkqubo yokulwa noqoqosho licacile: inkqubo echasene nobuhlwempu iqhutywa ngogcino-data. Njengoko ubugcisa buqhubela phambili kwaye bukhula, ezi ndlela ziya kuba zezintsonkothile, zikhokelela ekulungiseni okuthe rhoqo nahlala kuluntu oluqeqele. Ibamba le nguqulelo liya kuba ngabo benza umgangatho onzulu wezonobangela ubuhlwempu, iziphumo ezingundoqo, eziziiziphumo zolawulo oluphakathi kwinkulungwane yama-21.