Ukungahambelani Nemozulu Kwindlu Ephezulu yaseIndiya

I-Indiya ijongene nesisongelo esinyukayo esivela kwiintlekele zemozulu-driven `floods, inkanyamba, iitsuku, kunye nezikhukula zechibi eliyintaba. Njengokuba igumbi lesibini lemithetho-mthetho yelizwe, iRajiya Sabba isebenzisa umthetho owehlukileyo wokuba impembelelo ngqo kwintlekele kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu. Ngokungafaniyo neLok Sabha, enamalungu ajongene nonyuko kwakhona kwiminyaka emihlanu, amalungu eRajeya Sabha asebenza ngokudidedeza imigaqo emidala emithandathu, enika ukuqhubekeka kunye noluvo olude lokulungisa imigaqo ehlala ihleli. Olu lungiso lwemozulu lwendalo lunceda uRajiya Sabba ukuba amalungu alungeleneenguqu-njiko, amanyathelo emozulu amaninzi eminyaka emininzi adlula yonke imijikelo yokhetho.

Indima kaRajiya Sabba ayithathi nxaxheba nje kuphela kodwa ikwaluncedo ekupheliseni ukuphatha. Ngeekomiti zepalamente, iiyure, kunye neendleko zamalungu angawabo, amalungu okwandisa ungxamiseko lokunciphisa imozulu. Lo myili wegumbi (ukubumba kwesithathu samalungu alo anyulwe ziindibano zikarhulumente). Zikwanceda ukuba ukhukuliso lwengingqi lwephondo eKerala okanye entlango eRajasthan, afumane unikezelo lobugrac. Lo mbutho wesizwe wenza uRajiya Sabba iqonga lendalo lokuqhuba imilinganiselo yogcino-lwazi lwesizwe.

Ukusetyenziswa Kwamandla Kwentlekele EIndiya

Imeko-bume yase-Indiya ibangela ukuba ikwazi ukuchanabeka kwiingozi zemozulu. Ngaphezu kwama-60% eephesenti elizwe atyekele kwiinyikima zomhlaba, i-12% kwiinyikima, i-8% kwinkanyamba. Ilixa leemvula lama 2023 kuphela labangela ukufa kwabantu abangama-2 000 kwaye lonakele ngaphezulu kwe-61.5 lakh crore. Ngokuchasene nale ngxaki, amalungu e-Rajiya Sabba aye axhobisa umsebenzi wawo wepalamente ekuncipheni kwengozi (DRR) kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu, ukusetyenziswa kwe-regniams ay ebangela ukuba kubekho uncedo olunamandla kakhulu.

Utshintsho lwemozulu luziingozi ezi. I- Intergovernmental Committee on Climate Change (IPCC) iveza iziganeko zemvula ezikhulu, imbalela engapheliyo, nomgangatho wolwandle ophezulu kunxweme lwe-Indiya oluzii-7 500-kilomitha. i-IPC'sth Assesment Report igxininisa ukuba ukutshintsha kwemali kufuneka kuphindwe kathathu ngo-2030 ukunqanda ukulahlekelwa yintlekele. URayya Sabhaha uthelela ezi zinto zifunyaniswe zifuna ukunyuselwa kwemali yeNtshulelo yeSizwe yeNtshukulwano yeMbali yentlekele kunye namaqhinga afana neSicwangciso seSizwe seNkathi yeNkathi yeNka yeNkathi yeNka (NC).

Inyathelo eliphambili lomthetho: Ukusuka kwiZiqinisekiso zelungu elizimeleyo ukuya kwiZibonelelo zeMithetho

Amatyala azimeleyo eRojeya Sabba anemithetho yendalo engqukuva engqukuva. Umzekelo, amalungelo abantu abanoMthetho weNkcitho, 2016, kunye ne-Transgender Persons (Ukhuseleko Lwamalungelo), 2019, zombini zavela kwiRajiya Sabha. Kummandla wokuzinziswa kwentlekele, uRayya Sabbaha ungenise iindleko ezibonisa uMthetho weClimate Resilience, ukutshintshwa koMthetho woLawulo lwentlekele ka-2005, kunye nesiseko somngcipheko wemozulu wemiqathango yemibutho.

Umzekelo omnye ophawulekayo nguMphathiswa we-Dissaster (Amend) Bill, 2022, oqhutywa yiRajiya Sabha , ofuna ukuseka iiyunithi zengozi yemozulu yomgangatho wesithili kunye nengozi yesizwe yecebo lemali. Nangona iphelelwe ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kweNdlu, irejistation karhulumente yokuqalisa iNational Platform for Diases Repuction(a-staverier-sbator yenkqubo ekhokelayo ngoku. Izenzo ezinjalo zibonisa indlela uRajiya Sabha anokuyicinezela ngayo inkcitho yempatho ephambili naxa iindleko zabo zingabi ngumthetho.

Ngaphezu kwemiqathango, uRajiya Sabba amalungu asebenzisa iyure ye-Zoro kunye [FLT] ``Iyure yokuqululisa' ukukhupha izibophelelo zekonkrithi. Ngexesha lentlanganiso ye-2023 yemoyezulu, ilungu elisuka e-Odisha libuza ubuNgakanani beMicimbi yeNdlu yezeNtlangala elibazisekileyo kwisakhiwo senkanyamba kwisithili seGanjam. Impendulo yobulungiseleli ibangela uhlolo, ikhokelela ekugqityweni kweshumi lamakhusi phambi kweSriba elinguDana yenza umhlaba uvuleke. Oku kudityano komthetho kunye nolawulo kuqinisekisa ukuba unikezelo lwenkquluko.

Ulawulo nobuchule: Iinkqubo zeKomiti njengabaqhubi bolungiso

Inkqubo ye-Rajiya Sabra ngokungathandabuzekiyo sisixhobo sayo esinamandla sokulawula imozulu. I-Parliamentalialicant Committee kwiMicimbi yaseKhaya ihlola ukusebenza koLawulo lweMbali weMbindi (NDMA). Ngokufanayo, iKomiti [FLT:] enqandayo ekusingqongileyo, eMbindini, kunye neClimate Change ihlolisisa uBulungiseleli bemeko-Meko. Ezi komiti zibamba iimphula-ndlebe, zimema, zivelisa iingxelo ezizimo zobume zocwangciso zikarhulumente.

Ngo-2024, i-Rajiya Sabba'’s IKomiti yePalamente enxulumene ne-Agriculture yakhupha ingxelo enesihloko esithi “Izincopho Zokulungisa: Iingxaki neNdlela Ephambili." Yacebisa ukuba kwandiswe ulwabelo lweSizwe seMission ye-Studia e-Ostreatication ukusuka ku-6202,000 crore ukuya kutsho isalatha semba se-arentellicard kwiminality. Urhulumente wamkela ezintathu zezincomo ezingundoqo ezihlanu kuhlanu zohlalo lohlahlolo lwe-mali. Oku kuphakamisa indlela i-Syyayayashaha esebenza ngayo njengeenkume ezizimeleyo zenkqubo yokutshintsha inkqubo.

Enye indlela enzima yiKomiti ye- ejongene nayo, evavanya inkcitho kwiinkqubo ezinxulumene nemozulu. Uhlolo lwama-2023 ngale komiti lufumanise ukuba ngama-38% kuphela emali eyabelwe phantsi kweNational Remplifiguration Fund yoTshintsho lwemo yezulu luye lwakhutshwa ngaphaya kwamazwe amane. Uxinzelelo lwepalamente eyalandelayo lwanyanzela ukuba iSebe leMali lilungise imigaqo yezentengiso, luphucule inani lokufunxanela ukuya ku 62% ngonyaka. Lo mthwalo uqinisekisa ukuba imali eyabelwe ukulondolozwa okunene ifikelele kuluntu oluchaneyo.

Amalungu Angundoqo Okujolisa: Apho Amalungu e-Raje Sabha Atshintsha khona

Amalungu e-Raje Sabra anikela ingqalelo kulawulo lwawo kummandla odityanisiweyo ohlanu owenza isiseko semozulu e-Indiya. Ummandla ngamnye ufuna imithetho, imali, kunye nongenelelo lolawulo olufunwa ngamalungu kwizixhobo ezininzi zepalamente.

Ucwangciso Lwentlekele Nezibonelelo

Amalungu aye atyhalela phambili ngokuqhubekayo ukuhambelana nokusebenza kwamaxesha angaphambili kwesixokelelwano sokulumkisa, ingakumbi izikhukula kunye nobushushu. Emva konyaka wama 2021 wemkhukula e-Uttankand, i-Rajiya Sabhata ilungu elisuka kwizwe ngokunempumelelo lashukumisa intshukumo yokubiza eyakhokelela kulwandiso lwenkqubo yeMphetho yeFamfamas [ Flash Isikhokelo soMkhukula [[[FLT]] FRANT]] Ukugquma zonke iimeko ze-Himalaya:1] ukugquma zonke. Ngokufanayo, Heat Icebo lokusebenza ngoku] ngoku kumazwe angama-23 ngoku acetyiswe ngemibuzo eqhubekayo ukusuka kwi-Jabha ilungu elimele ubushushu obuphakathi kwe-indiyaya.

Ukuzinziswa kwenkqubo yogcino-lwazi yenye indlela eqwalaselwa ngayo. Nge- Committee kwimiqathango kawonke-wonke , amalungu aye ahlahlela intlekele elungiselelwe icandelo likawonke wonke efana neNational Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) kunye ne-Indiya Railways. Ngo-2024, ingxelo yekomiti yanyanzela uBulungiseleli beRrays ukuba bunike i-19,1, ukunyuswa kwemijelo yendlela ekhusela umkhukula kummandla osixhenxe wesikhukula. Utyalo lwezibonelelo lubalulekile ekulondolozeni unxibelelwano ngexesha longxalo.

Ukukhuthazwa koLawulo lwezolimo nolokulondolozwa

Ezolimo zifunxa eyona lahleko iphakamileyo yezoqoqosho ngenxa yokutshintsha kwemozulu eIndiya. URaje Sabha Shuha amalungu e-agrian afana nePunjab kunye noMaharashtra axhase amatyala awohlukeneyo i-Climate-Smart Agriculture[ kunye [FLT] kunye kunye [FLT] i-Munic Ormatic Ormatic Waste Compos . [[FLT:]] Ikhadi lezempilo ye-oololk's'inkqubo yeflegi ye-FLT] kunye nenkqubo yayo yokuqala yemali engekho mthethweni e-bucala kwi-Syrackieabhab, eyacebisa ukuvavanya umhlaba wonke omiweyo ngaphezulu kwefamabini.

Amalungu asebenzisa i-RULE 267 (ukusetyenziswa koshishino ukuqwalasela umba wokubaluleka okungxamisekileyo kukawonke-wonke) ukugxininisa ukucocwa kwamanzi angaphantsi kwingingqi yeMarathwada. Ezi zingenelo zikhokelele ekumisweni kwe [[FLT:] 2] uTshunqulo lwamanzi lwamanzi eMkhosi [[[FLT:]] lwamanzi aphantsi, ngoku olufuna zonke izakhiwo ezitsha kwimimandla yamanzi edityaniswe amanzi ukubeka inkqubo yokuvuna amalahle. I Jajiya Shahaha kunxulumano oludibanisa ugcino-malisongiweyo lwamanzi [FFOLT] [F:N][5]

Ukhuseleko lweenkqubo zendalo nezohlobo lwendalo

IMangroves, indlwane, kunye namahlathi zizigcini ezizinzileyo nxamnye nenkanyamba kunye nezikhukula. Amalungu eRaje Sabha azise impikiswano ephindaphindiweyo i-Biodiversity Conservation Bills ecebisa ingxowa yemali yembuyiselo yesizwe. Okunye okubalulekileyo kwenziwa xa ilungu elisuka eNtshona Bengal, ngeyure ezintathu ezinikezelweyo, zikhuselwe ii-Creads zongezelelwe ii-Sundardbans phantsi kweProgicties project ye-Coastern Department yeProgiment [[[FLD:3]]. Le projectle yendalo ngoku isebenza njengomgca wokuqala we-umiyo ehlala kufutshane ne-By ye-ByGalgal.

Amalungu akwayicima imilinganiselo yemo-bume. IKomiti emisa imo ebumelwayo kwimekobume isoloko ihamba imizekelo elandelelanayo apho ulungiso olukhawulezileyo lwemigodi yamalahle nolwakhiwo lwedamalda luye lwavela kwimiqobo yemozulu engahoywayo. Ngo-2023, ingxelo yekomiti ethetha ngeCauvery equkuqela lomlambo wakhokelela iSebe lemekobume yendalo ukwenza uqikelelo lwendlela elungele ukuhamba kwemekobume yendalo kuyo yonke imisebenzi yomlambo odityaniswa nolwando lwemeko-mezulu. Olu lo hlolo lwemeko-mente olusuka kwilungu elinye le-Rajiya Sabhaha eliziweyo ngexesha leNqumrhu 2022.

Imfundo yemozulu namaphulo okulumkisa

Amalungu e-Raje Sabra ayaqonda ukuba ukunyamezela okude kuxhomekeke kuluntu ngokubanzi abanalwazi. Abaninzi baye baxhasa [[FLT: 0] iParliament Forums ekufundeni imozulu, edibaniseni iinkampani zogcino-lwazi kunye nee-ofisi zasekuhlaleni. Ukutshintsha Imfundo yemfundo yemfundo yemfundo, 2023, eyaziswa yiRajiya Sabha ilungu lemorab eKerala, ecebisa ukuba inzululwazi yemozulu ifake kwizifundo zesikolo ukusuka kwiDiacesbers. Nangona izibhengezo zomthetho zisadluliselwa, zikhuthaza iBhunga lesizwe lophando-Swemfundo kunye noqeqesho (Phondo) ekulungiseni iincwadi ze-mgangatho-mfolo-mfono-ondo.

Ngaphaya kwezikolo, amalungu ajolise ipankayat-nult commong. Igxamps Iyure yokuphuhlisa , ilungu elisuka kuSihachal Pradesh lakhupha impendulo ethi ubulungiseleli bePanchayati Raj buquke iimodyuli zotshintsho lwemo yezulu kwiPlayenti yeFako yoPhuliso . Le nkqubo yolwazi ngoku ifikelele ku-200 000 abameli abanyuliweyo ngonyaka, ibaxhobisa ukuba bafake imilinganiselo yokuzinzisa kucwangciso lwezibonelelo zobulali. Iimfundo ezinjalo azibizi mali kodwa zithwala iziphumo ezininzi ezithe kratya.

Imali yemozulu kunye nokuthunyelwa kobuxhakaxhaka

Ulungiso kunye nozinzo lufuna ukuqhubekeka okugciniweyo kwemali. Amalungu eRaje Sabha ebephambili ekufuneni unikezelo lwemali e-Resilience iNgxowa-mali ye- kwi-Union Uqingqo-mali. Impikiswano zabo, ezisekelwe kwiCwangciso-Mpazamo yeLizwana yoMkhosi woMkhosi woMkhosi woMkhosi 202]22222 , zicebise uBulungiselenekazi bemali bokwenza intloko eyahlukileyo yenkcitho yemozulu kunyaka wama-202525-26. Olu tshintsho lwetyala lunceda ukulandele kakuhle kwetyala elimalunga ne-51.2.

Ukudluliswa kobuxhakaxhaka yenye indawo apho uRajeya Sabha ehamba phambili khona. Ngokumema iingcali kwiintlanganiso zekomiti, ziye zanceda ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuhlola izityalo ezisekelwe kwisatellite kunye ne-drone-esekelwe kumonakalo. I-Indiyan Scealian Uphando lwezithuba (ISRO) ngoku inika ugcino-lwazi lwexesha lokwenene lwezobugcisa lwezobuzwe lwe-DSoundation Assesment kunye nenkqubo ye-Monitoring System [, isiphumo esithe ngqo sesicelo esiphakanyiswe kwi-Jajya Sabha ngexesha lengxoxo kwi-Accotiestion. Ezi zixhobo zobugcisa zinyusa zoko zoko zoko zobugcisa zoko kulungisa i-Phondo.

Iingxaki Nekamva

Ngaphandle kwezi mpumelelo, uRaje Sabba amalungu eBhunga ajongene nemiqobo yesakhiwo. Umphathi usoloko echasa ulawulo lwemithetho, kwaye amatyala angamalungu angawabo anqabileyo ukuba abe ngumthetho. Ngaphezu koko, ugcino-moya lwentlekele ngumbandela ongqinelanayo, ushiya igumbi lomgangatho karhulumente wobunyani. Amanye amalungu axhasa kwiBhunga leSizwe elisezantsi elikwindawo ejikelezayo [[ ukuququzelela umva-Mpazamiso-Mbiso-me-me-me-mea [[FLT]] [i-ekungango-1] ekungxweleni kwemithetho engqubani enqamlelisayo kumazwe aqeleleneyo-onke.

Olunye ucelomngeni lelona xesha lilinganiselweyo elibelwe iingxoxo zemozulu. Kwintlanganiso eqhelekileyo, ulawulo lwentlekele luthatha ngaphantsi kwe-5% kwixesha elipheleleyo lepalamente. URaje Sabha ngoku utyhalela iNgxelo yoHlahlo encomekayo yeNgxelo yoHlalo-mali ukuba ifakwe minyaka le, ifuziselwa kumazwi oGeneder Uhlaziyo, nto leyo enokuthi inyanzele umphathi onegunya ukuba abhence ukuchacha ngokucace gca. Olu phuhliso lweziko lungaphucula ngokuphawulekayo ukuphendula.

Ukwenziwa kwegumbi kukwachaphazela iziphumo. Ngamalungu angaphezu kwama-70% eRajiya Sabha aba namava ngaphambili kwindlu yowiso-mthetho okanye kwimisebenzi yolawulo, iNdlu ingenelwa kulwazi olunzulu lommandla. Noko ke, isikali sobungozi be-Indiya ukuya kwizigidi ezijongene nobunzima bemozulu obuninzi, ``````````Inkcebreres'''' esiguqula lo buchule bukwisikali esininzi, isenzo somgangatho wesithili. Amalungu eRajeya Sabhaha asebenzisa ukhuthuzo lobuqu kunye nolwakhiwo lwamaqumrhu ekudiseni umsebenzi wepalamente, ukwakha iinkxaso kwimigaqo-nkqubo yokuzinzisa.

Isiphelo: IRaje Sabra njengeNtloko yemozulu

Amalungu eRajiya Sabha aye asuka ekubeni ngabakhuphi abasuka nje kwinkululeko ukuya kubaxhasi abasebenzayo bokuzinzisa intlekele kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu. Ngoncedo lomthetho, ulawulo lwekomiti eyomeleleyo, ukuncinwa, nokuzingisa okuzingisileyo, aqinisekisa ukuba imozulu ayichatshazelwanga ziingqwalasela zexesha elifutshane zezobupolitika. Umthetho wabo, inkumbulo yequmrhu, kunye nokuzinza kwemozulu kubenza babekwe ngokukhethekileyo ukuxhasa ukuveliswa kwemeko-mo yezulu efuna ukuhambelana nemozulu.

Indlela ephambili icacile: ukudibanisa okunzulu komngcipheko wemozulu kuzo zonke ishishini lepalamente, ukuhlolwa okukhulisweyo kwenkcitho, kunye nendlela ecwangcisiweyo yokufumana iziphumo zokuzimela. Njengoko iIndiya ifuna ukufikelela ixhoba layo lomnatha oze ube nozehlo ngo-2070 ngexesha lokuhlangabezana neentlekele ezinyukayo, iRajya Sabha indima yenkuselo yokuzimela imozulu iyakhula. Amalungu ayo akangoovimba basenpalamente kuphela, yimigaqo ekhusela izigidi zabantu nemisebenzi ekhusela ubomi nxamnye noqhwithela lwemozulu. Ukhuseleko lohlanga luxhomekeke ekuhlaleni kwalo oluhlala luphaphile.