INational Guard ingumbutho womkhosi okhethekileyo ongafaniyo nayo nayiphi na enye ilizwe. Isebenza njengeqela elisekelwe kungxamiseko lukarhulumente kunye nesongezo lwemfazwe, ibeka amajoni ayo kwindima ephindwe kabini efuna isakhiwo esicacileyo, esinempumelelo sombutho wentlangano. Ukuqonda indlela amaqela esizwe aqeshiweyo nacwangcisiweyo ngayo kubalulekile ekuqondeni indlela lo mkhosi onokuthi uphendule ngayo kwinkanyamba yelizwe elinye, uthumela kwelinye ilizwe njengenxalenye yeqela leqela lomkhosi womkhosi, kwaye ubuyela ekhaya ukuze usebenze imibutho yawo (ngokufuthi). Isakhiwo sesizwe sidibanisa isikhulu somkhosi somkhosi kunye nenkqubo ehloniphekileyo enika abalawuli igunya kwizixhobo zawo ngexesha loxolo lonyaka ukuvumela urhulumente ukuba basebenze kwimisebenzi yesizwe.

Ulawulo Lombutho

INational Guard isebenzisa iibloko ezifanayo zokwakha zombutho njengeqela elisebenzayo loMkhosi. Eli qela lisezantsi livumela amaqela abaPhathi ukuba adibane ngokungenamthungo namalungu asebenzayo nagciniweyo ngexesha lokuhlanganisa. I-echelon nganye inobukhulu obukhethekileyo, indima yobukhokeli, kunye namandla obuchule. Ukuqonda la manqanaba angundoqo ukubona indlela isikali soMgaqo-majoni esisuka kwiqela elincinane eliphethe isikhukula sasekuhlaleni ukuya kwicandelo elipheleleyo elixhasa ibala lemidlalo yemfazwe enkulu.

Iqubulisa: Eyona Mlo Incinane

Iqela liyindawo yokwakha esisiseko yoVavaleli. Ngokuqhelekileyo liqulathe amajoni asithoba ukuya kwishumi elinesibini aqhutywa ngumphathi weenqanawa. KwiNcasa, amaqela aphinda ahlulwe abe ngamajoni amabini akwiziqendu ezine ukuya kwezintlanu ngalinye. Kumlo okanye kukhuphiswano lwamaqela enkxaso yenkonzo, amaqela asenokulungelelaniswe ngokwahlukileyo kodwa agcine umgaqo omnye: iqela elincinane, elinobudlelana elinokusebenza ngokwalo phantsi kwegosasasenzi (NCO).

UPlato: Umgangatho Wokuqala Womyalelo

Amaqela amabini okanye angaphezulu adibanisa ukuze enze iplatoon, ekhokelwa ngumphathi-mikhosi (ngokufuthi umphathi womgangatho wenkampani) oncediswa ngumphathi wesigqeba (umphezulu we-NCO). I-platoon idla ngokuba ngamanani phakathi kwama-20 nama-50 amajoni. KwiSizwe, i-platoons zizinto ezincinane kakhulu ezinokunikwa ingcaciso ecacileyo, umsebenzi ozimeleyo onje ngokhuseleko, indawo yolawulo lwenqwelo-moya, okanye i-Reconnaissance ngexesha lentlekele.

Inkampani: Isiseko sobuchule

Isithathu ukuya kwisihlanu samaplatoon abumba inkampani, eyalelwa ngumphathi-mikhosi ophethe umphathi wokuqala njenge-NCO. Amandla enkampani asuka kwikhulu ukuya kuma-200 amajoni. Inkampani yeyona isezantsi nenkxaso yayo yolawulo neyomthetho (ngokuphangaleleyo, ugcino, yaye ngamanye amaxesha yezamayeza). KuMgaqo-majoni, iinkampani zisoloko ziyiyunithi eziqhutyelwa ndawonye kwizixhobo zomkhosi omnye. Inkampani eqhelekileyo yabagadali iza kuba nekomkhulu layo, ipompatha ezintathu ze-mpu, kwaye igosa elisemthethweni.

Ibhastalion: Umyalelo Oyintloko We - Echelon

Izixhobo ziqulathe iinkampani ezintathu ukuya kwezintlanu (phantse zibe zi-300 ukuya kwiwaka lamajoni) kwaye ziyalelwa ngumphathi-mikhosi, nomphathi-mikhosi wemikhosi omkhulu njengoko umlawuli omkhulu eqeshiweyo elawula uqeqesho, imisebenzi, ii-logstic, kunye nabasebenzi abangaphaya kweenkampani ezingaphantsi kwazo. Kulo National Guard, ibhastion isoloko ingumgangatho ophezulu osisigxina, onezixhobo zokhuselo okanye ezizimiseleyo. Izikhulu ezininzi zelitye lelo lisebenza kwimimandla ethile yelizwe eliphakathi kwelizwe, zibavumela ukuba bagcine amaqhina oluntu aqinileyo.

IBrigade: Iqela lobuchule bokulwa imfazwe

Isikhephe semfazwe sineziqu ezithathu ukuya kwezisixhenxe (ii 3 000 ukuya ku 5 000 amajoni) kwaye siyalelwa ngumlawuli. Iqela lenqanawa liphantsi elithathwa njengeqela lezixhobo elipheleleyo elinamandla. Iqela lemikhosi lemfazwe linemipu edityaniswayo, ii-BCT, izixhobo zomkhosi, iinjineli, iilogisi, kunye nobuchule phantsi kwekomkhulu elinye. I-National Guard ngoku ibala elingaphezulu kwama-30 BCTs/isithathu kwimijikelezo yomkhosi. Ezi BCT zijikeleza ngemijikelezo yokuqeqesha kwaye ziyakwazi ukulwa njengesakhiwo esipheleleyo somlo.

Ukwahlulwa: Umyalelo Osebenzayo

Ulwahlulo luyeyona yunithi inkulu yobuchule, idla ngokuba neenqanawa ezimbini ukuya kwezine kunye nekomkhulu kunye neyunithi yenkxaso. Ubungakanani becandelo busukela kwi 10 000 ukuya kwi15 000 yamajoni angundoqo. Iyalelwa ngumphathi omkhulu, icandelo likomkhulu lokulwa imfazwe kwimisebenzi yelizwe eqhubekayo. I-National Guard inamaqela asibhozo, ngalinye linamaqela ahlukeneyo embalini kunye ne-Ofisi. Umzekelo, i-28th Infantryry Division (Pennylvania) ilandele iingcambu zayo kwiRrevolution War, ngelixa yama-40th Infantry Division (Califor) inobukho obunamandla kummandla we-Pacific.

Imiyalelo yeFirps nethiyetha

Ngaphezu kolwahlulo, uLindi akagcini ikomkhulu elisisigxina. Noko ke, abaphathi bogada basebenza kumaqela asebenza ngokutsha, kwaye amaqela abagcini-majoni angabelwa nakuwuphi na umyalelo wemidlalo yemidlalo (njengomyalelo osembindini okanye iU.S. uLawulo loMbindi-U.Indo-Pacial) xa lugunyazisiwe. Kumsebenzi omkhulu, amaqela abagadi nabasebenzi benqanawa abasebenza phantsi kwekomkhulu elisebenzayo elinjenge III Corps okanye iXIII Airborbor.

Ulawulo: Inkqubo ye-Dual-Status

Owona mbabala wahlukileyo wombutho wesizwe wogada yisakhiwo saso somyalelo ophindiweyo. Kwimeko yombuso, irhuluneli yintloko-ntloko yomkhosi karhulumente, esebenza ngomkhosi wengingqi (umphathi-mikhosi ophezulu womkhosi wezwe). Xa uMongameli ewenza asebenze amaqela ogadayo kumsebenzi karhulumente (phantsi kweSihlomelo 10 somthetho we-U.S.), umyalelo wokudluliselwa kwetsheyina lomthetho wengingqi yomkhosi wesizwe, ngokubhekiselele kumphathi-omkhosi wesizwe okanye kuNtloko yomkhosi wemikhosi. Le nkqubo yoomatilo mkhosi ifuna ulawulo olumabini lufuna ulawulo olunenkathalo ukuqinisekisa ukuphendula, ukuhlawula, ukukhusela okusemthethweni, neenzuzo zisetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo.

Ulawulo lweRhulumente: Isihloko 32 neSizwe eliSebenzayo

Kumsebenzi osebenzayo (SAD), urhulumente uhlawula amajoni kunye nerhuluneli ilawula yonke imisebenzi. Le yimeko eqhelekileyo kwiimeko zasekhaya ezifana nemililo yelanga, izikhukula, kunye neziphithiphithi zabemi. Phantsi kweSihloko 32 (imali exhaswe ngurhulumente kodwa ulawulo lukarhulumente), amajoni anxiba iiyunifomu zawo ze-oventine kwaye afumana intlawulo karhulumente, kodwa ahlala phantsi komyalelo karhulumente. I-3 32 isoloko isetyenziselwa iinkonzo zokhuseleko zomda okanye imithambo emikhulu yoqeqesho.

Ulawulo lomanyano: ISihloko 10 Ukuphakanyiswa

Xa ziqokelelwe phantsi kweSihloko 10, amajoni aligada angena kwitsheyina lomyalelo wengingqi. Angathunyelwa phesheya, abelwe iiyunithi ezisebenzayo, okanye asetyenziswe naphi na kwiSebe lokhuselo elikhokelayo. Ekugqityweni kwenkonzo karhulumente, abuyela kulawulo lukarhulumente. Le nkqubo iphindwe kabini ivumela ukuba uMgaqo uvele kwiholo enye njengamandla asebenzayo ngaphandle kokususa amandla ombuso asisigxina.

Iintlobo zeeyunithi kuMgaqo-nkqubo weSizwe

Umkhosi wesizwe uquka izixhobo zokulwa, inkxaso yomkhosi (CS), kunye nenkxaso yomkhosi (CSS) kunye nezixhobo zokulwa (CS) kunye neyunithi zokulwa (i-oyile). Noko ke, ugada ulondoloza amandla akhethekileyo anqabileyo kumandla asebenzayo okanye enzelwe ngokukhethekileyo ukuphendula ekhaya.

Izixhobo zoloyiso

Iiyunithi zezixhobo zokulwa zezinomsebenzi ophambili wokudibanisa umkhosi wotshaba. Amabala agadayo (ukukhanya, umoya, kunye nomatshini), izixhobo zompu, inqwelo-moya (zombini iinkanunu neziphekepheke), kunye nenqwelo-moya (uhlaselo, ukuphakamisa, nenkxaso jikelele). Isakhiwo seqela elixhotyisiweyo lezixhobo zokulwa (ABCT) siyafana neqela elisebenza ngokusebenza nge-ABCT, kunye namaqela eenqanawa zokulwa, i-injini ye-atbattles, kunye nezixhobo zokulwa ezixhobisa inqwelo-moya ezilungiselelwe phantsi kwekomkhulu lenqanawa.

Inkxaso yothintelo

Inkxaso yenkxaso yothintelo inikezela ngemililo, ubuntlola, ubunjineli, amapolisa asemkhosini, imichiza/inzululwazi ngendalo (CBRN), kunye nokhuselo lomoya. La maqela anceda izixhobo zolwayo zisebenze kakuhle. Ugada linobuchule obubalulekileyo boonjineli, kuquka izixhobo zokwakha ezithe tyaba (iindlela kunye nemimandla yomoya) namaqela okwakha athe nkqo (izakhiwo ezikhusela indalo). Amaqela amaninzi amapolisa omkhosi womkhosi asetyenziswa rhoqo kwimisebenzi yomkhosi waphesheya kolwandle kunye nemisebenzi yokhuseleko lwasekhaya.

Inkxaso yenkonzo yokuthintela

Iyunithi yeCSS iphatha izinto ezisetyenziswayo: unikezelo, ugcino, ezothutho, ezezamayeza, ezemali, kunye neenkonzo zabasebenzi. I-gada liqhuba imikhosi exhasa ukugcinwa kwezixhobo kunye nemiyalelo yokuxhasa intsebenziswano enokuthi ixhase imisebenzi emikhulu. Ii-CS zisoloko ziquka izibhedlele zasemasimini, amaqela eenkonzo zonyango, kunye namaqela akhusela amayeza. La maqela abalulekileyo ekuphenduleni ngentlekele kumazwe, njengoko kuboniswa ngexesha lezenzo zokugoma nokunceda i-COVID nenkq.

Iinxalenye Ezikhethekileyo Nezahlukileyo

Ngaphaya kolwakhiwo lomkhosi, iiyunithi zomkhosi wesizwe ezilungiselelwe ngokukhethekileyo ukuxhasa koluntu kunye nokhuseleko lwelizwe lakubo. Ezona ziphambili ngala Amaqumrhu eMass Destruction·Civil Servils [ [iiqela loMgaqo-CST] (WMD-CST). Ezi ziphawulwe ngokukhethekileyo, iiyunithi zokhuselo loluntu olupheleleyo", enye nommandla ngamnye, `indlela-indlela-meyakhomfa, ii-radiografiki, kunye nengozi zenyukliya ezicebisa abantu abangaphakalanga. IWMD-SCST nganye inamalungu 22 kwaye inokuphinda-phinda ikwazi ukunceda amagunya asekuhlaleni.

Elinye ilungu elizodwa yiNkxaso yeNkxaso yeNkxaso yeNtlobano. Iiyunithi zokuhamba ngenqwelo-moya zokhuselo zisebenza i-UH-60 Black Hawks, CH-47 Chinoks, kunye ne-AH-64-Apaches. Ezi nqwelo-moya zisoloko zisetyenziselwa ukukhangela nokuhlangula, ukukhulula kwezamayeza, ukulwa umlilo, kunye nokubulala i-inqwelo-moya ngexesha longxamiseko.

Amaqela e-Agrigi Ishishini Lophuhliso ayimpahla ekhethekileyo yogada. Nangona ingalwi maqela, ezi zixhobo zincinane zeingcali zezolimo zisebenza ngokuqengqeleka ukulwa iindawo (njenge Afghanistan) ukunceda abalimi basekuhlaleni baphinde bakhe izibonelelo zokulima . Oku kubonisa indlela indalo yamajoni angoorhulumente abasebenzi abadale ngayo amandla asebenzayo angenakukwazi ukuwasebenzisa lula.

Isiseko soqeqesho nokwenza umsebenzi

Uloliwe wesizwe womkhosi woqeqesho ngokwendlela yokulawula iyunithi yoMkhosi (UTM), kodwa enemiqobo ebalulekileyo: banempelaveki enye kuphela ngenyanga (i-drill) kunye neeveki ezimbini ngonyaka (uqeqesho lomkhosi) ukuze kulondolozwe ubuchule. Ukulawula oku, ulongamelo lwemijikelo kwicandelo loqeqesho lwebhastile kunye nelbhunga elihambayo. Amaqela alandela iNtlanganiso yoMkhosi (ARFGEN), nangona uMkhosi utshintsha imodeli yoMkhosi (SRM), i-SRM, i-SRM, i-SCTM iyalungisa kwakhona, iyaqeqesha, iqeqeshelwa, kwaye ilungele ukunqumla umjikelo weminyaka emihlanu, ukuqinisekisa ukuba inxalenye yomkhosi isoloko ikhona xa kukho oonqakelelo.

Uqeqesho ngalunye luqhutywa kwizikolo zomkhosi (umz., uqeqesho lokulwa, uqeqesho oluqhubela phambili lomntu ngamnye, uqeqesho lwe-NCO, kunye noqeqesho lwabaphathi-mikhosi). Amajoni amaninzi akwazi ubuchule bokungajongwa ngaphaya komkhosi ophucukileyo (ii-paramedias, injineli, abakhandi, kunye neengcali ze-IF.

Ukuphakanyiswa kwentsebenziswano kunye nenkqubo yokususwa

Xa umsebenzi ufuna ukusebenza kwesebe, iSebe loKhuselo ligqiba ukuba ngawaphi amaqela abagada afunekayo ngokusekelwe kwimfezeko nakubuchule. Inkqubo yokuzilungiselela ibandakanya:

  • Alert: Iyunithi ifumana umyalelo olumkisayo ovela kwi-Bureau yeQela lesizwe.
  • Uqeqesho lokwenza imposiso: Amajoni afumana uqeqesho olongezelelekileyo lokufikelela imilinganiselo yokuthunyelwa, ngokufuthi kwisikhululo sasekhaya okanye kumaziko okuqeqeshela anjengeFort Hood okanye iKampu Shelby.
  • Ukuzinza: Iyunithi ingena kwinkonzo yorhulumente kwisikhululo sokulungiselela, apho izixhobo zihlolwa, ukulungiselela kwezamayeza/ukulungiselela okucwangcisa kugqityiwe, kunye namaxwebhu asemthethweni agqitywe.
  • I-Deployment: Amajoni abekwe kwiholo yemidlalo esebenzayo, aqheleke kakhulu ekuxhaseni imisebenzi yokulwa (umz., Iraq, Afghanistan, Syria) okanye ii-arhente (umz., Horn of Africa, Kosovo, okanye ukhuseleko lomda).
  • Ukwehla kotshintsho: xa ebuya, amajoni ayaxilongwa, ajika-amatshini, aphinde afakwe, aphinde afakwe ufihlo, kunye nokuguqukela emva kulawulo lwemeko.

Izixhobo kunye nenkqubo yale mihla

INational Guard isebenza izixhobo ezingundoqo ezifana nomkhosi osebenzayo, nangona zisoloko zisetyenziswa ngezixhobo ezindala. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, Abagada bebefumana izithuthi ezisetyenziswa ngokufana ne-M1A2 Abrams SEPv3 itanki, Bradley M2A4 ehamba ngenqwelo-mafutha yokulwa, kunye neM109Adin Paritzer. Kodwa, abaPhathi-majoni bagcina izixhobo ezililifa elifayo ze-M113 zezithuthi zabasebenzi abaxhotyisiweyo ze-M113, ukuqeqesha nokusebenzisa iinjongo zikarhulumente. Iyunithi ze-Aviation zibhabhabha zombi zombini ezihambayo kwaye zihamba ngenqwelo moya ezikhoyo zangoku kunye nezilifakileyo; ezinye iiyunithi ze-M10Alawks ezinamachini amanani.

I- I-EUTYP esesandleni [EOH] ilinganisa ukuba zingaphi izixhobo ezigunyazisiweyo zoMgaqo-mkhosi ezikhoyo kwizikhululo zawo zasekhaya. Kwimbali, ugada ujongene nezixhobo ezisilelayo, ingakumbi kwizinto eziphezulu ezifana nelori, umbane, kunye nezixhobo zomsebenzi wobusuku. Ukhuselo lwesizwe lweMithetho luquke inkxaso ukuqhuba ezi ngxaki zifutshane, kunye neModelidi ekwakhenkeni (ARM) iqinisekisa ukuba iiyunithi ze-gadatlers zixhotyiswe kakuhle phambi kokuba ziqhutywe.

Imisebenzi Yasekhaya: Indima Enzima

Isakhiwo sombutho wesizwe soKhuselo lwesizwe silungiselelwe ukutshintshela ngaphandle komthungo ukusuka kumsebenzi wokulwa ukuya kuncedo lwasekhaya. Xa irhuluneli ivakalisa imeko yongxamiseko, igada liphendula phantsi kocwangciso lomsebenzi wongxamiseko wokhuselo lweRhulumente. Oku kufuna indibano ekhawulezileyo yomyalelo kunye neziqalelo zolawulo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ikomkhulu eliManyeneyo loMkhosi woMsebenzi (JTF) limiselwe, ukudibanisa amaqela aBagadali kunye namaqumrhu olawulo olunoxakeka, i-National Guard Bureauniau, kunye namaqabane karhulumente (u FEMA). Ummandla ohlukeneyo omkhosi wabaphathi-Rhulumente (emma).

Ngexesha lenkanyamba uKatrina, umlinganiselo opheleleyo wobuchule basekhaya bogada waboniswa: Amajoni ali-500,000 avela kumaphondo amaninzi asetyenziswa phantsi komyalelo ombini wesizwe nowesizwe kwimpendulo entsokothileyo. Ukususela ngoko, uKhusele ucolise isakhiwo salo solungiselelo lwemisebenzi yasekhaya, ukwenza iipakethe zempendulo yongxamiseko (umz., [[FLT:]] Homeland Responses kunye ne-Bit, Biological, Radiological, Nyuclear, kunye ne-Exlosive Respive Resption Maffes [FLT][FLT]]]]

Ukuthelekisa Imisebenzi Neenqaba Ezikhutheleyo

Ngeli xesha uKhuselo loMkhosi noMkhosi ulwahlula umanyano olunye, kukho umahluko ongundoqo. Umkhosi osebenzayo ulungelelaniselwe ukuba uthumele isaziso esifutshane emhlabeni wonke kwisiseko esisisigxina. Lo Mkhosi unikela inkxaso yokulwa kwaye awufane usetyenziselwe iinkonzo zasekhaya. Ngokuchaseneyo, umkhosi womkhosi ophambili wongxamiseko lukarhulumente kwaye ulungelelaniswe ukuba kubekho ummandla kunye nommandla obanzi, kwaye ubuncinane nommandla omnye omkhulu. Lo mbutho womkhosi wamajoni usoloko usetyenziswa kufutshane xa kugatywa intlekele.

Imigaqo-nkqubo yoBukho neNkcubeko

Umbutho wesizwe woKhuseleko usekelwe yiNCO enamandla kunye neenkqubo zophuhliso lwabaphathi-mikhosi. Abagada banenkqubo yabo yeKholeji ePhakathi yezeMikhosi eNgangeni Magunya (izikhululo zephondo), kwaye abaphathi abaninzi bafunda izifundo ezifanayo zomsebenzi njengezo zisebenza kunye (umz., idityaniswe iiNkonzo zeMikhosi yeQela, iSikolo soMkhosi we-Ofisi). [FLT: 0] Umthetho woKhuselo lwezemfundo yezemfundo yesizwe [[FLT: 1] [PC] unikela uqeqesho olukhethekileyo. Izithethe ezingqubanayo kunye nezomkhosi zamajoni kunye nezomkhosi zasekuhlaleni zinika amajoni abaphathi bezoshishino, abaqeshi bezoshishino, abafundisi, nabokuqala. Oku kufuna ukuthemba nokuthembana kungenelela kwintlangano.

Isiphelo

Ulwakhiwo lwesizwe loMgaqo-majoni luyiklasi elungele iimfuno zobulali. Ukusuka kwiqela elisithoba elineepetroli ukuya kwicandelo elikwi-brigade, yonke i-echelon imiselwe ukuba ikhonze irhuluneli kunye noMongameli. Imfundiso esezantsi yoMkhosi iqinisekisa ukuba iya kusebenza, ngelixa icandelo elipheleleyo lengingqi lilungele iimfuno zasekuhlaleni. Amaqela akhethekileyo anjenge-WMD-CSTS kunye neqela lenqwelo-moya ahlula isithuba phakathi komkhosi nolwamkhatho wabemi. Njengoko ugadathalo luqhubeka lusenza izixhobo zalo zobugcisa kunye nemonyotyalo lwazo, isakhiwo salo siya kuhlala sihleli siselulo lobu busuku bokulwa, elungele ukunceda ngomsomsomso.

Ulwazi olungakumbi ngombutho woKhuselo lweNational kunye nohlobo lweyunithi, tyelela inxuwa elisemthethweni le-National Guard Bureau umkhosi wesizwe.