Indlela entsha yokusebenzisa ubugcisa nogcino-lwazi loncedo lwamazwe angaphandle

Icandelo loncedo lamazwe angaphandle limi kwindawo enzima yokhetho. Iingcinezelo eziziingxaki zemozulu ezibangelwa kukungalawuleki, ungquzulwano olukhawulezileyo, ukushenxiswa kwentsebenziswano, kunye neengxaki zempilo yomhlaba wonke zisusile ubuncwane boncedo lwentlalo-ntle kwimida yazo. Imodeli yesithethe yoncedo — icotha, iphezulu, kwaye ixinga i & mdash; iya inika isantya esiphezulu, kwaye iyakhathazekatha ukuphatha isikali kunye nokuntsonkotha kobunzima bale maxesha. Ekuphenduleni, ukutshintsha ngamandla kusezantsi. Iintlangano zijika kwizo zobugcisa kunye nogcino-data zijika zibuyele kwindlela esisiseko yokunikezelwa ngayo uncedo, ukuchongwa, nokuqiniswa. Ezi zixhobo zinika isantya, ukuchasana, nokulungisa, nokulungisa ukutshintsha kwemeko, ukwenza okubangela ukusebenza kwemeko, ukusebenza kwe-data eluncedo, ukubuyisa ingxaki.

Imvukelo Yogcino - lwazi Ekusabeleni Kwabantu

Embindini woncedo lwamanye amazwe aphucukileyo kugcino-lwazi. Iintlangano zihamba kude kwiingxelo ze-aecdotal kunye nohlolo oluthe ngqo oluya kubuchule obunamandla, obuphezulu bogcino-lwazi olunika umfanekiso wexesha lokwenene weemfuno kunye nezibonelelo. Le ndlela yenkulungwane yogcino-lwazi inika amandla abenzi besigqibo sokunqumla ingxolo, bahlule ezona zisemgangathweni, kwaye ifake imithombo yezixhobo ngobuchule botyando.

Izixeli zoqikelelo ukwenzela inyathelo lokulindela

Enye yezona zigqibo zithembisayo kukushukumiswa ukusuka kwintshukumo yoluvo. Endaweni yokulinda indlala okanye umkhukula ukuxhobisa impendulo, abameli boncedo basebenzisa isalathisi sokuxela kwangaphambili iimeko ezingalindelekanga ngaphambi kokuba zenzeke. Iimodeli zokufunda ngoomatshini zihlalutya idata eninzi — kuquka ukushukuma kwemichiza yemichiza, iipakethi zemozulu, amaxabiso entengiso, kunye nenkxwaleko yembali yedata — ukuxela kwangaphambili ukuqhambuka kokunganqabiseki okanye ungquzulwano oluno olunogonyamelo. Indlala Ephambili Elumkisa Iinkqubo zekhompyutha zomsebenzi womnatha (FEWSNET) ibonisa le ndlela ngokunika abanikezeli bezilumkiso oluphambili lokutya, ezivumela ukuba zinikezelo oluphambili, ukungenelela nokuphuma koncedo. Oku kwenza uphando olunzima

Uqokelelo logcino-lwazi lwexesha lokwenene kunye nohlalutyo

Ukwanda kweselula yeselula kuye kwavelisa amathuba angenakuthelekiswa nanto okuqokelelwa kwe-data yokwenene. Iingxelo zenkcubeko yocingo (CDRs), eziphakanyiswa ngabasebenzisi bekhompyutha, zingasetyenziselwa ukuzoba intshukumo zabemi emva kwentlekele, zinceda imibutho iqonde apho abantu abafudukileyo bahlanganisa khona. Ngokunjalo, uhlalutyo lwezezentlalo-nkqubo yekhompyutha kunye nophando lwe-SMS lunika umjelo ngqo kubantu abachaphazelekayo, ukuvumela imibutho ukuba ibuze imibuzo ethile ngeemfuno zokhuseleko, okanye ukuphumelela konikezelo. I-UN GlobalNameNameName inguvulindlela ekusebenziseni ezi ndlela zobugcisa, esebenza kunye noomatshini bokunxibelelana ii-data ezinkulu zempilo noncedo. Oku kunika uncedo lwezi mpendulo ezithe rhoqo kwenza ukuba ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwezinye iindawo zangaphandle, iimeko zokhuseleko.

Ukulungelelaniswa Kwezinto Eziphilayo Kuncedo Lobuqu

Ukuqinisekisa olo ncedo lufikelela kubantu abalungileyo kulucelomngeni oluzingisileyo. Ukwahlula iminwe ye-bimetric (ukusebenzisa iminwe, iscanshory, okanye ulwalulo lwelizwi) kunika indlela ethembekileyo yokubhalisa nokuqinisekisa abaxhamli, ukuphelisa ubuqhetseba kunye nokukhuphela. I-UNFreederation Agency (UNHCR) isebenzisa i-Biometric Memotemial Datement (BMS) yayo yokulawula i-Monitor Systems, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukutya, imali, kunye noncedo lwamayeza lunikezelwa ngokukhuselekileyo nangempumelelo. Ngokufanayo, i-World Food Programmementation &sququo; SCOPE platform inxibe i-data ye-biometricy ye-miccometerers, inika ukhetho lokuzuza ingeniso nokuphatha okungqongqo, ngoxa igcina ukuphendula okungqongqo. Ezi nkqubo ziqinisekisa ukuba basebenzi abaninzi bafikelela kwii-ofisi kunye nolawulo.

Imiyalelo yobugcisa engundoqo yokubuyisela unyango loncedo

Ngaphandle kogcino-lwazi, isiseko sobugcisa obuluncedo siguqula indlela olunikelwa ngayo uncedo emhlabeni. Ezi zixhobo ziyalwaphula imiqobo yesithethe yomgama, ukunganyaniseki, nokungasebenzi. IWorld Food Programme (WFP) I-Innovation Siba ligosa elingundoqo lokuvavanya uninzi lwale misebenzi yobugcisa, ukusuka kwibloko ukuya kwizixhobo ezisetyenziswayo.

Ukuthunyelwa kwemali kwamanani nemali ehambayo

Uncedo olusekelwe kwimali luye lwavela njengenye yezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kuncedo lwamanye amazwe. Ukunika abantu imali endaweni yeempahla ezisendle (njengokutya okanye iintente) kubuyisela isidima sabo, kubavumela ukuba bacwangcise iimfuno zabo, kwaye bakhuthaze izoqoqosho zasekuhlaleni. Amaqonga emali ebhanki aye achaza le ndlela, eyenza ukuba kubekho ukhuseleko nakubantu abakumazwe akude ngaphandle kwemali. I-’ i-M-Pesa ihlala i-bekmarkmark, kunye neezifundo ezibonisa ukuba ukuthuthwa kwemali okuthuthwa kwenqwelo - mafutha kukhawuleza, kunciphindiwe, kwaye kukhuseleke kunezo zibonelelo-mali. IGSMA&sququo; i-Sloriokis yocwangciso olukhoyo lwenkqubo yoluntu oluxhasa ukunyuka kweenkqubo zoomatshini, ukunceda iinkampani zoncedo lweminxeba ezisebenzisanayo ezisebenzisanayo ukuba zinikezelene.

Isithinteli sokubonisa ngaphaya kunye nokuthemba

Ukuthemba yimali yoncedo, kwaye ubugcisa bunika iindlela ezintsha zokwakha nokuqinisekisa. Iblockchain — i-immatable ikhokela i-ger — inika isixhobo esinamandla sokulandelela ukuhamba kwemali nempahla yomnikeli kumniniyo. I-WFP’ iprojects Zokwakha izithintelo zingumzekelo okhokelayo. Iprojekthi yokuqala e- Pakistan, iprojective isebenzisa iziqobo ukurela ibhanki ukurhweba iimbaleki, izivumela ukuba zithenge ukutya kwiimarike zobulali zobulali. Inkqubo isusa imfuno yexabiso nezo zentengiso, inciphisa imirhumo ekhakha-kha-kha-khanka, ithembisa umjekelo omtsha woncedo lwezizwe ngezizwe.

Izixhobo ezingenamaplanga kunye nomfanekiso wesatellite

Izixhobo zokulwa nesatellite zinika iliso kwisibhakabhaka ebesifumaneka kuphela koorhulumente abazizityebi. Imifanekiso yesatellite isetyenziselwa ukuqwalasela utshintsho lwemekobume, ukuqwalasela umonakalo emva kweentlekele zendalo, kunye nokucwangcisa imisebenzi yesiseko sesiseko. Ngexesha lemfazwe eMzantsi weSudan, ugcino-lwazi lwesatellite luvumela iintlangano ukuba zijonge ngokukhuselekileyo ubungakanani beenkampu zeemba-nkampu kunye neentlobo zokuhamba ngaphandle komngcipheko wokukhuseleka kwabasebenzi. Le nqwelo-moya (I-AV) ishukuma i-applys ijonge ukuthatha indawo esebenzayo. iZipline, umsebenzi wokuhambisa i-drone, isebenzisana noorhulumente eRwanda, izitografu, izitofu, kunye namayeza afunekayo kwikliniki eziceliweyo ekudeleni. Le modelity-emodelitives ezikhoyo ngokuphawulekayo, zisoloko zisebenza kwiindawo ezihlala nzima.

Ubuntlola obenziweyo ukuze bugqibe izibonelelo

Ubuntlola obenziweyo (AI) kunye nokufundwa komatshini kuyahamba kwilabhu nakwimisebenzi yoncedo. Ii-webbot ezinamandla e-Al zinika uncedo olungu-24/7 oluchaphazelekayo kubantu abakwilwimi zabo zasekuhlaleni, ukuphendula imibuzo malunga nokubhaliswa koncedo okanye iimpawu zempilo. Kwitsheyina le-logistics, i-AAlgalms ezigqekezelayo ezinika izibonelelo, ukuxela iimfuno zokuxhobisa kunye nokuthumela iindleko-ndleko-thumela iibhotile zokuphepha iintaka. Ugcino-lwazi-lwazi-moya kunye namaqonga afana nalo afana nawo kwenza abasebenzi abanamava amava ancinane enkqubo oncedo okwakha iimodeli. Kwicandelo lempilo, izixhobo zokuhlola impilo zabantwana zinceda abasebenzi baqonde izifo ezifana ne-malaria kunye nesifo se-malathi, ukwandisa unikezelo lwexabiso lwezicwangciso apho oogqirha baqeqeqeshiwe.

Ukoyisa Iingxaki Nokuziphelisa Iingozi

Ngaphandle kobuchule obukhulu bobugcisa, ukusebenzisa kwayo uncedo lwamanye amazwe akunangxaki ibalulekileyo. Ukusebenzisa ikhompyutha entsha okanye isixhobo se-hardware kunqabile. Indlela enoxanduva nesebenzayo ifuna ukuba imibutho ijongene nolwahlulo lwamanani, ikhusele ugcino-lwazi, kwaye iqinisekise ukuba isebenza kunye phakathi kweenkqubo.

Ukwahlula Amanani Neengxuba Ezininzi

Uqikelelo lokuba “ wonke umntu unemfonomfono ” ibuthathaka ngokuyingozi. Uninzi loluntu olufuna uncedo loncedo olusezantsi luhlala kwiindawo ezinemiqathango elinganiselweyo okanye ezingenantsebenziswano, umbane, kunye nomgangatho osezantsi wokwazi ukufunda amanani. Inkqubo exhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwinkqubo izakuzikhupha ezona zibuthathaka. Iintlangano kufuneka zamkele i “ ngokunjalo-alog- esezantsi, ngokusetyenziswa kwekhowudi ” ukulungiselela, ukwenza izisombululo ezisebenzayo ngaphandle komsebenzi woluntu, abasebenzi benginyazo kunye neenkokeli zoluntu, kunye nokuzinikezela ngokuzenzekelayo kwisakhiwo esingaphantsi kwesiseko sonxibelelwano kunye namandla asecaleni kweenkonzo zazo ezithe ngqo. Ngaphandle kwale misebenzi yobugcisa, inokuvula isithuba phakathi komnikezo-omvumivumivu nasezantsi.

Ugcino - lwazi Nonqabiseko

Ukuqokelela ugcino-lwazi kubemi ababuthathaka i- — ingakumbi iimbacu, abantu abafudusiweyo, namaxhoba emfazwe — athwala iingozi ezinzulu zemilinganiselo yokuziphatha. Uqhawulo-lwazi lungabhenela ebantwini kwintshutshiso, ucalulo, okanye ugonyamelo. I-bimetric database, ngelixa ziluncedo ekukhuseleni, zizinto ezisemgangathweni eziphezulu kubadlali abanobungozi. Iintlangano kufuneka zamkele iinkqubo ezingqongqo zokulawula ukuqokelelwa kogcino-lwazi, ukunyanzelisa ulawulo olungqongqo, nokuqinisekisa ukufikelela kolwazi olungqongqo, nokuqinisekisa ukuvunyelwa ngolwazi. IKomiti yezizwe ngezizwe yeRed Cross (ICRC) ipapashe imigangatho echuliweyo yokukhusela ugcino-lwazi, igxininisa into yokuba ukhuseleko lwabemi abachaphaze kumele lusoloko luthatha indawo ephambili kusuke kwiinjongo zombutho okanye kulawulo lombutho okanye uluntu.

Ulungelelwaniso kunye nokusebenzisana

Imekobume yentlalo ibunjwe ngamakhulu emibutho ezimeleyo, nganye inenkqubo yayo yogcino-lwazi kunye nemigangatho yokunikela ingxelo. Oku kwahlulwa kukhokelela ekufumaneni amathuba omgudu, ukuphoswa kwamathuba okusebenzisana, kunye nezithuba ekudibeneni. Imigangatho evulekileyo kunye nezivumelwano zogcino-lwazi zibalulekile ukuze kwakhiwe inkqubo ephumelelayo. Ulwimi lweHumanitarian Exchange (HXL) luyenye umgudu wokumisela iinkqubo zogcino-lwazi ngokwemigangatho, ukuvumela imibutho eyahlukeneyo ukwabelana nokuthelekisa ulwazi ngobuchule obuthe kratya. Abasebenzi bayaqhubeka batsala abanikezeli ukuba bamkele amaqonga afanayo baze babelane ngogcino-data, beqonda ukuba ukuphumelela kwecandelo lonke.

Ukulinganisa impembelelo yoncedo lobugcisa

Ubugcisa bokukhupha imitha abusisiphelo ngokwabo. Umbuzo ophambili kukuba ezi zixhobo zikhokelela kwiziphumo ezingcono kubantu eziza kunceda. Umlinganiselo wempembelelo enamandla ubalulekile ukwahlula uhlaziyo lokwenene kwihypyes exabisa imali eninzi.

Ingeniso echaseneyo Nemveliso

Ngokufuthi, iinkqubo zoncedo zivavanywa ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo: inani leengubo ezisasazwayo, inani lokugqithiselwa kwemali eyenziwayo, okanye inani labantu ababhaliswe kwiqonga. Uncedo olugunyazisiweyo kufuneka lujolise phezulu, lujonge kwiziphumo: Ngaba amaqondo okungondleki kakuhle kwenyama athe ancipha? Ingaba abantwana bahlala esikolweni? Ngaba iintsapho zaphinda zakha kwakhona izinto zabo zokuziphilisa? Izibonelelo zexesha lokwenene logcino-lwazi lwento yenza kube lula ukulandelela le metrims, ukuvumela imibutho ukuba ilungelelanise ikhodi echaneyo phakathi kwenkqubo. Umzekelo, isixhobo sophando lophando lweselula sinomlinganiselo wokuhlola enoba inkqubo yokuthuthwa kwemali ikhokelela ekuphuculweni kokhuseleko lokutya kwiiveki, hayi kwiinyanga okanye kwiminyaka.

Uvavanyo oluqatha

Iimvavanyo ezilawulwayo (RCTT) kunye neendlela zomjikelo zinika umgangatho wegolide ukwenzela ubungqina. Iintlangano ezinjenge-J-PAL (Abhudul Latif Jameel Ubuhlwempu Action Lab) kunye neeIndiphelo ze-Invation yeNdlela yobuLungelwano (IPA) ziye zaqalisa ukusetyenziswa kweRCT ekuphuhlisweni kwezoqoqosho, ukuvavanya ungenelelo olusuka kwimicropu ehambayo ukuya kwi-meval e-gracter translate. Ukusebenzisa olu khuselo lunye kwimiqathango yoncedo olusekelwe kwi-tekstiki kuyalunzima. Ingaba i-i-AIP i-ANtroffot iyazi ephuculance sy synd syntie ilungisa ukuziphatha okufuna ingxuba ingxabano? Ingaba uvavanyo lwamanani lwelizwe lunciphisa ungquzukisa olufunekayo kwimiqatha yeenkqubo ezisebenzayo, eziphumayo nezingaphumeleli, eziphumayo nezidinwayo, ezixhasa ii-zibo eziphumayo.

Iingcebiso ezicwangcisiweyo kwiiNtlanganiso zoNcedo

Ukwamkela ubugcisa kunye nogcino-lwazi olubonisa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezincinane ezisetyenziswayo kufuneka okungaphezulu kunokuthenga nje ikhompyutha entsha.

Umba kwimibutho yamanani yasekuhlaleni

Ungenelelo lobugcisa oluzinzileyo lwakhiwa ukusuka emhlabeni ukuya phezulu, lungawiswa ngaphandle. Imibutho yezizwe ngezizwe kufuneka ifake ingeniso kwimisebenzi yobugcisa yasekuhlaleni, iiyunivesithi, kunye neenkonzo zamanani zikarhulumente. Ukuxhasa italente zamanani zasekuhlaleni kwakha umbilini wexesha elide kwaye kuqinisekisa ukuba izisombululo zifanelekile ngokwenkcubeko kwaye zingqalile. Xa uxa iimeko ziphela, ubugcisa nobuchule buhlala buhleli kuluntu, nto leyo enegalelo kwinkqubela-zoqoqosho ebanzi.

Imigaqo yokuyila engenisiweyo yomntu

Ubuxhakaxhaka busebenza kakuhle xa beyilelwe umsebenzisi, hayi nje kumsebenzisi. Iyilo yomntu esembindini (HCD) yinkqubo ebandakanya abasebenzisi besiphelo kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuyila, ukusuka ekuqaleni kwimfuno yovavanyo lobuchule bokusetyenziswa. I-app eyakhelwe abalimi, entsimini, phantsi kweemeko abajongene nazo. I-HCD inciphisa umngcipheko wokwakha into elula kodwa eluncedo.

IFoster Evula Iindawo Nendawo

Akukho mbutho mnye unazo zonke iimpendulo. Imingeni ejongene noncedo lwamanye amazwe intsonkothile kakhulu kwizisombululo ezidibeneyo. Abanikazi kunye namaqabane asebenzayo kufuneka bamisele iqonga elivulekileyo, imigangatho yogcino-lwazi eyabelanayo, kunye nemali edityanisiweyo. Ngokudibanisa ubuncwane kunye nokwabelana ngengqiqo, icandelo lingakuphepha ukuphinda liqalise ivili likhawuleze ukufunyanwa kwezicombululo ezinokucoceka.

Ikamva loncedo lobugcisa bamanye amazwe

Ubuxhakaxhaka asiyombumbulu yesilivere ezakucombulula zonke iingxaki zoncedo lwamanye amazwe. Sisixhobo esinamandla, kodwa impumelelo yaso ixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwindlela olusetyenziswa ngayo. Ubugcisa obungamahlwempu bungachitha imali, bungqubani nento efihlakeleyo, nokungalingani okuzenzekelayo. Ngokucacisiweyo, ngokucace gca, kwaye ngokusebenzisanayo, bungaguqula icandelo.

Ikamva loncedo lwamanye amazwe libonakala ngokubalaseliswa ngobuchule obukhulu, ngamaxesha okusabela ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokuziphendulela komeleleyo kwabo banikelayo kunye nabangenelwayo. Imeko yokudibanisa njenge-Internet yezinto (IoT), i-computing, kunye nokuphuhliswa kolwimi lwendalo isithembiso sokunika ugcino-lwazi oluninzi olungenazintsizi kunye noncedo olungenamthungo. Imibutho eya kukhokela elikamva ngabo bafaka ingeniso ekwakheni ulwazi lwabo, ukukhuthaza isithethe sokuvavanya, kwaye bangaze balahlekelwe ngumsebenzi ongundoqo: ukunika abantu amandla okwakha ubomi obuqinileyo nobo bazimiseleyo.