Isiseko Soyilo Oluneenjongo Ezintle

Abaququzeleli boguqulela ivoti nganye kumelo lwezobupolitika bamela enye yezona zinto zilandelayo kodwa ezisoloko zityeshelwa kulawulo lwedemokhrasi. Iinkqubo zokushicilela zisebenza njengezakhiwo zobugcisa apho ubuchule obuqhelekileyo buza kuba namandla owiso-mthetho, kunye nomahluko ochuliweyo kwezi nkqubo ungavelisa iziphumo ezahlukeneyo ngokuphawulekayo kwizinto ezikhethwa ngumvoti omnye. Ukuqonda ezi nkqubo ziyimfuneko ekuvavanyeni ukuba semthethweni nobulungisa beziphumo zonyulo, ingakumbi njengengxoxo yokuguqula ulawulo olukhethiweyo oluneedemocratics ezikhoyo.

Olu hlalutyo luhlola ezona nkqubo ziphambili zokuvota ezisetyenziswayo namhlanje, izihlomelo zazo zesakhiwo, kunye nobungqina obuxhobisayo malunga neziphumo zazo kwimiboniso, ukuziphatha, kunye nozinzo lwedemokhrasi. Kunokuphatha nayiphi inkqubo enye njengephezulu jikelele, siqwalasela indlela isakhiwo ngasinye esiyibumba ngayo imeko yezobupolitika kunye nendlela ezorhwebo ezihambisana ngayo neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuyila unyulo.

Isiphelo- Sokuqala- Sokuqala: Ukungabikho Kwento Elula Nezontsolisi Zayo

Inkqubo yokuqala yeposi, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-injinjiko, ihlala isetyenziswa kakhulu kwindlela yokuvota esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwidemokhrasi ethetha amaNgesi kuquka iUnited States, iUnited Kingdom, kunye neCanada. Phantsi kwe-FPTP, ugunyaziso ngalunye lwezwe lukhetha ummeli omnye, kwaye umvoti onevoti ephezulu ufumana ingqwalaselo ecacileyo. Le ndlela icacileyo inika iingenelo ezicacileyo: ukuvota ngesizathu esicacileyo, iziphumo zaziwa ngokukhawuleza, kwaye abameli bagcina ukuphendula ngqo kwindawo echaziweyo.

Ingxaki Yokungakhuliswa Kwehlabathi

Nangona ilula, i-FPTP ivelisa ujijo olulungelelanisiweyo kumelo oluphakamisa imibuzo esisiseko malunga nobulungisa. Imo yezibalo yokuvota kukuba inika inkxaso eninzi ngeli xesha inika amaqela oqeqesho afumana abaxhasi abasasazwa kwisithili ezininzi. Oku kwenza ipateni engaguquguqukiyo apho amaqela amakhulu afumana i-Diffagnome i-iphesenti ephezulu yezihlalo kunesabelo sawo sovoti ethandwayo — ngoxa amaqela amancinane ejongene nesohlwayo somelo esinempumelelo.

Ugcino-lwazi lwembali oluvela kwiUnited Kingdom lubonisa ngokucacileyo le nto. Kunyulo lwama-2019 jikelele, i-Conservative Party yaphumelela 43.6% yevoti ethandwayo kodwa yakhusela 56.2% yezihlalo zepalamente, ngelixa iLiberal Democrats yafumana i-11.6% yevoti kodwa kuphela 1.7% yezihlalo. Iipateni ezifanayo zibonakala ngaphaya kweenkqubo zeFPPPP: kwi-2021 karhulumente waseCanada, iLiberal Party yaseka urhulumente omncinci kunye no-32,6% wevoti yevoti ngexesha i-Green Party yamkela i-2,3% yevoti e-3 kuphela.

Ukuveliswa kobuchule kunye nezixhobo zokulahla

I-FPTP ivelisa izikhuthazo ezinamandla zobuchule, okanye ukuvota — uqheliselo lokufaka ibhola kungabi kumntu oza kubhaptizwa kodwa kuwenye indlela esebenzayo ukukhusela isiphumo esinganqwenelekiyo. Oku kuvela kuba abavoti bayaqonda ukuba ivoti yomvoti isenokugqiba okwesithathu okanye kwesine ayinalo ithuba lokuphembelela isiphumo. Uphando olusuka kwiElectoral Reformation Society luqikelela ukuba malunga nama-70% evoti jikelele e-UK iphoswe ngokunelota okanye ivoti eninzi yabaphumeleleyo, ithetha ukuba ayinalo mpembelelo kwisakhiwo sokugqibela sePalamente.

Ukwanda kokuvota ngobuchule kuthoba isiphene isiseko sonyulo lwedemokhrasi: ukuba abemi banokuzichaza ngokukhululekileyo iinjongo zabo kwibhokisi yebhola. Xa abavoti kufuneka baqwalasele iinkalo ezifanelekileyo kunokuba babonise nje ukhetho lwabo lokuqala, inkqubo yokukhetha iba ngumdlalo wokusebenzisana kunokuba ibe yinkqubo yokubonakalisa ukhetho.

Umelo oluchazayo: Ucoselelo noluntsonkothileyo

Iinkqubo zomelo lwepropotical zijolise ekumiseleni unxulumano lwezibalo oluthe ngqo phakathi kwezahlulo zevoti kunye nolwabelo lwezihlalo. Ngeli xesha kukho iintlobo ezininzi — kuquka iinkqubo zoluhlu lweqela, ivoti enye edluliswayo, kunye nolwahlulo oludityanisiweyo — zonke zikwabelana ngosukelo olusisiseko lokuqinisekisa ukuba iqela elifumana ipesenti enikiweyo yevoti yesizwe lifumana malunga nepesenti efanayo yezihlalo zemithetho-mthetho.

Ukuphuma kwemiphunga kuphuma ngaphaya kwenkqubo

Amazwe asebenzisa iinkqubo ezilungelelanisiweyo ngokuqhubekayo abonisa iziphumo ezahlukahlukeneyo zezobupolitika xa zithelekiswa nemithetho yeFPTP. Ubungqina obuthelekisayo bucebisa iziphumo eziliqela ezicwangcisiweyo:

  • Ukuhluka-hluka kweengcamango kwiindlu zowiso-mthetho, njengamaqela amancinane amele ii-continuences afumana inkxaso engqinelanayo nenkxaso yawo ethandwayo
  • Umvoti ophezulu, nophando olubonisa malunga neqondo lesihlanu-10 lepesenti lunyuka kwinani lokuthatha inxaxheba ngaphantsi kwesixokelelwano solungelelwaniso xa kuthelekiswa nesixokelelwano sobuninzi
  • Ukunciphisa umahluko womhlaba ekumeleni, njengoko amavoti ehlaliswa kwimimandla ekhuselekileyo egcina ubunzima obulinganayo kwabo bakwizikhuphiso zokhuphiswano
  • Urhulumente oxhaphakileyo ohambelana kakhulu, ufuna ingxubusho noxokelelwano phakathi kwamaqela amaninzi

I- Iqela lezizwe ngezizwe lolawulo-melo kunye noncedo lwe-Electoral Uncedo igcina ugcino-lwazi olubanzi lothelekiso olubonisa ukuba iinkqubo zolwahlulo zivelisa iziphumo ezingqinelana ngakumbi nokhetho lomvoti kwii-millimeter ezininzi. Noko ke, ezi nkqubo zijongene nokugxekwa malunga nokuncitshiswa koxanduva lwelizwe phakathi kommeli ngamnye kunye noluntu oluthile.

Uzinzo logcino-lwazi kunye nokuzinziswa komthetho

Isicelo esiqhubekayo sokulinganisa ulungelelwano sinxulumene nobuninzi boorhulumente abamanyeneyo kunye nokungazinzi okucingelwa ukuba kubangelwa ngabo. I-Itali, i-Itali neBelgium ziye zafumana amaxesha okusekwa okuqhubekayo kombutho emva konyulo, maxa wambi kufuna iiveki okanye iinyanga zokuxoxisana ngaphambi kokuba urhulumente athathe isikhundla. Abahlalutyi baphikisa ngelithi oku kulibazisa ukulawula nokunika amaqela amancinane amandla okukhupha uvumelo olungenakulinganiswa ngexesha lokuthelekisa.

Kodwa ingxelo ebhaliweyo inikeza umahluko ocacileyo. Amazwe asebenzisa iinkqubo zolungelelwano kumntla naseNtshona Yurophu — kuquka iJamani, iSweden neNetherlands — aye abonakalisa ulawulo oluzinzileyo kunye nokuqhubekeka kwemigaqo ehamba amashumi eminyaka. Umahluko ongundoqo ubonakala uyinkqubo enxulumene nolwakhiwo olujikeleze ulwakheko kunokuba azimele ngokwawo. Amazwe anenkqubo zokuvota-enyele-engakholelekiyo kunye nemigaqo ecacileyo elawulayo ecacileyo ithambekela ekuveliseni koorhulumente abazinzileyo kungakhathaliseki ukuba yinkqubo yokhetho.

Imisebenzi yokukhetha exhotyiswe ngeenqwelo-moya: Ii-Incentive kunye ne-Mechanics

Uvoto olunyuliweyo, olwaziwayo njengovota okhawulezayo kunyulo olukwinqanaba elinye kunye novoti enye edluliswayo kumongo we-winner, luvumela abavoti ukuba bakhethe abalawuli ngokwendlela yokukhetha. Xa kungekho mvoti ufumana uninzi lwevoti, oyena mvoti uphantsi osebenzayo uphelisiwe, kwaye iibhola zabo zikhutshelwa kwinkoliseko elandelayo. Le nkqubo iyaqhubeka ngohlobo de omnye umqobo afikelele kwinqanaba elikhulu.

Imiphumo Yokuziphatha Kumaphulo Neengxowa

I-RCV ngokusisiseko iguqula izihlomelo zabathathi-nxaxheba ngeendlela ezinokuphucula intetho yedemokhrasi. Phantsi kwe-FPTP, abaza kuthabatha inxaxheba banozihlomelo ezinamandla zokubhena kwisiseko sabo sobuhlanga ngexa bengahoyi okanye behlasela abaxhasi bamaqela abachasanayo, ekubeni kuphela bephumelele kwimicimbi emininzi. Phantsi kwe-RCV, abaza kuthatha izindululo zesibini nezesithathu kubaxhasi babachasi, bedala uxinzelelo kwiphulo olulungeleleneyo kunye nesakhiwo esingquzulaneyo.

Uphando oluvela kwimimandla esebenzisa i-RCV — kuquka indlu esezantsi yase-Ostreliya, iMaine ne-Alaska eUnited States, kunye nonyulo oluninzi lukamasipala — lunika ubungqina bezi ziphumo. Uhlolisiso lonyulo lwe-RCV eSan Francisco lwafumanisa ukuba luncitshisiwe ubhengezo olungalunganga kunye nomgangatho ophezulu wolwaneliseko oluthelekisa nonyulo lwangaphambili. Ngokufanayo, imo yeMaine yaphawula unyulo oluthe lwaninzi kwimibutho emva kokuba ifumene i-RCV ngo-20181818, njengoko abafuni befuna ukubhenela kwiminxeba yeqela ukukhusela ivoti yesibini.

Ufikelelo Nenkxalabo Yezinto Ezininzi

Abahlalutyi bevoti emiselwe ngokwemiqathango esemthethweni baphakamisa inkxalabo esemthethweni malunga nokuntsonkotha nokudideka kovota. Le nkqubo ifuna abavoti ukuba baqonde abalungisi abaphezulu kwaye benze izigwebo ngabavoti abaphezulu, abanokuba yimiqobo kubavoti abakhulileyo, abavoti abangakwazi ukufunda nokubhala, okanye abo banesiphene. Ubungqina be-Ostreliya — apho i-RCV iye yasetyenziswa ngokwesizwe ukususela ngowe-1918 — icebisa ukuba le ngxaki inciphe kakhulu emva kokuba abavoti befumene amava kwinkqubo. Ukuvelisa iziphumo eziphambili kubonisa imilinganiselo ephezulu yeempazamo zonyulo, kodwa amaqondo empazamo asezantsi akwimijikelezo emitha emibini yokhetho.

[[NTL:0] I-Alaska Ukwahlula-hlula kokhetho inika ugcino-lwazi oluneenkcukacha kumava ovoti ngeRCV kunyulo lokuqala lwelizwe ngo 2022, ibonakalisa ukuba malunga ne 99% yeebhola zabala ngempumelelo phezu kwaloo nkathalo yokuqala malunga nobuntlola benkqubo.

Ipropoti yoMxube: Igrid approates

Iinkqubo ezidityanisiweyo ezixutywe neqela elilungelelanisiweyo zizama ukudibanisa uphawu lokuphendula kwimimandla enye kunye neziphumo zolwahlulo lomelo olusekelwe kuludwe. IiVoter zidla ngokuphosa iibhola ezimbini: enye yezalowo ungenelelayo kwisivumelwano sobulali (ngokufuthi igqitywe ngokuba zizininzi) kwaye enye yeyeqela lezobupolitika kumgangatho wesizwe okanye wengingqi. Iqela limisela isakhiwo sonke sendlu yowiso-mthetho, nezihlalo zenkomfa ezabelwe ukuqinisekisa iziphumo zolungelelaniso.

Amava aseJamani njengomzekelo

Inkqubo yokhetho yelizwekazi laseJamani, emiselwe emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, imela owona mzekelo ubalaseleyo weMMP ekusetyenzweni kwayo. Inkqubo yamaJamani yafuna ngabom ukudibanisa inzuzo yendlela yeBritane nomelo lweziphumo ezilungelelanisiweyo zenkqubo yelizwekazi laseYurophu. Iziphumo ezingaphezu kweshumi leminyaka elisixhenxe lokusebenza ziphumele ezinjongo zombini: abavoti bagcina uqhagamshelwano oluthe ngqo kummeli wasekuhlaleni, ngelixesha ukwenziwa kweBoundestag jikelele kubonakalisa usasazo lwesizwe lweqela.

Noko ke, inkqubo yeJamani ijongene nocelomngeni. IBundestag ikhule kakhulu ngexesha elifanelekileyo — ukusuka kwizihlalo ezimalunga nama-500 ngeminyaka yee-1950 ukuya ngaphezulu kwama-700 kwipalamente zakutshanje — ngenxa yokufakwa kwe "izihlalo eziphezulu" xa iqela lifumana izihlalo eziphezulu kuneemali ezizizo ezilungeleneyo. Utshintsho ngo-2023 luza kufaka imposiso yobukhulu bendlu yowiso-mthetho ngelixa lugcina iziphumo zolungelelwaniso. Ezi zingxaki zobugcisa zibalaseko lwezixokelelwano ezikwinkqubo ze-projekthi, nangona zinqabile ukuchaphazela ubungangalingani bomelo.

Ulwamkelo nolungiso lwabantwana baseNew Zealand

I-New Zealand imele enye yezona nkqubo ziphawulekayo zotshintsho kwimbali yedemokhrasi yale mihla. Emva kweminyaka emininzi yokunganeliseki okukhulayo ngeziphumo ze-FPTP ezichaphazelekayo — ingakumbi kunyulo lonyaka ka-1978 kunye no 1981 apho iSigqeba seSizwe saseSizwe sazuza khona izihlalo ezininzi nangona safumana amavoti ambalwa kuneRoti yeLabour Parti elawulayo — iNew Zealand yafumana ibhaptizo lokukhupha i-mendenderum ngo-1993 kwaye yavota ukuthatha i-MMP. Utshintsho lwaqaliswa ngonyulo lo-19969.

Uphando oluzimeleyo lwamava aseNew Zealand, kuquka uphando oluvela kwiKhomishini yeQumrhu New Zealand , lubonisa ukuba iMMP iveze iziphumo ezithe vetshe zokulungelelanisayo ngexa igcina icandelo elinye okanye ulawulo lomanyano. Ulwaneliseko lwezicwangciso luye lwahlala luzinzile, ngoninzi lwabathelekisayo ekuhloleni okuthe rhoqo ukuxhasa iMMP kunokuba kubuyele kwi-FPTP.

Umlinganiselo Othelekisayo Wobuhle

Ukususa okusesikweni kwiinkqubo zokuvota kufuna ukuhlolisisa imilinganiso emininzi ngaphandle kokulungelelana okulula kwezibalo. Ulungiselelo olubanzi luqwalasela iinkalo eziliqela ezahlukileyo zomgangatho wokhetho:

Umelo oluquka okubhaliweyo

Iinkqubo zobugcisa zichaphazela ukwenziwa kwamanani kweendlu zowiso-mthetho. Uphando lubonisa ukuba umelo lolungelelwaniso luvelisa izindlu zowiso-mthetho ezinamanani aphezulu amabhinqa kunye nabameli abancinane xa kuthelekiswa neenkqubo ezizininzi. I-Inter-Parliamentary Union ilandela ezi ndlela emhlabeni wonke, ifumana ukuba amazwe asebenzisa iinkqubo zokulungelelanisa umlinganiselo omalunga no-28% womelo lwamabhinqa kumazwe xa kuthelekiswa ne 19% kumazwe eFTPP. Olu mahluko ubonisa indlela iinkqubo zoluhlu oluvumela ngayo amaqela ukuba alungelelanise abantu kumacala ahlukeneyo kulula ngakumbi kunemimandla enye apho oothunywa belizwe apho oovimba belizwe belawula khona ukhetho olufuna ukusetyenziswa.

Igalelo

Unxulumano phakathi kwemimiselo yovoti kunye nokuthabatha inxaxheba komnye umndilili obalulekileyo wobulungisa. Xa abavoti beqonda ukuba iziphumo zabo zempembelelo enenjongo yonyulo zinegalelo kwinani eliphezulu. Iinkqubo zokhetho zisoloko zibonisa ukujika okuphezulu kunyulo lwesizwe, nasemva kokulawula oothunywa bemithetho enyanzelekileyo yokuvota kunye nemithetho yentlalo-ntle yemeko yezoqoqosho. Le nkqubo ikhangeleka intlupheko edileyo ithetha ukuba abemi abaninzi bajonge ixabiso lezixhobo ekufakeleni iibhola, kunye nobukho bamaqela amaninzi aluncedo anika ukhetho olubanzi lwengqiqo ekhuthaza ukubandakanyelelana kwimibango yezopolitiki.

Umelo oluncinane kunye nelizwi

Ukuphathwa kweqela elincinane lezobupolitika — elingumkhethe kunye namanani abantu — kuyahluka kakhulu kwiinkqubo zonyulo. I-FPP ivelisa izihlomelo ezinamandla eziya kwicandelo elibini lolawulo, ngokunempumelelo icuba isandi sesithathu kwaye inyanzelisa uluhlu lwemiqathango esetyenziswayo eqwalaselwe nzulu. Iinkqubo zeprojekthi zinceda amaqela amancinci ukuba agcine imigaqo-mthetho, ayile amaqonga anokuhlala ngaphandle kwengxoxo ephambili yezobupolitika. Le mpembelelo ichaphazela intlalo-ntle yentlalo kunye nokungavumelani kwemithetho yoxolo kwinkqubo yedemokhrasi.

Uphando lwetyala lothelekiso

Imizekelo emininzi yehlabathi yokwenene ikhanyisa indlela iinguqulelo zenkqubo yokukhetha ezichaphazela ngayo iziphumo zezobupolitika kunye neembono zokugunyazisa kwedemokhrasi.

Amalinge aqhelekileyo eItali

I-Itali itshintshe inkqubo yayo yokukhetha izihlandlo ezininzi ukususela kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II, isuka kumelo olupheleleyo ukuya kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezidityanisiweyo. Amava elizwe abonisa ukuba inkqubo yokunyulwa kuphela ayinakusombulula ii-cleavages ezinzulu zezobupolitika okanye ukungalungelelani kweziqu zolawulo. Nangona kunjalo iinguqu ezininzi ezijolise ekunciphiseni ukwahlukana nokukhuthaza ulawulo oluzinzileyo, ezopolitiko zeItali zisoloko ziphawulwa kukungaguquguquki kwemibutho. Oku kucebisa ukuba ngaphantsi koonobangela bentlalo kunye nezobupolitika — kuquka inkqubo yemibutho, izahlulo zemimandla, kunye nezakhiwo zomgaqo-siseko — zisebenzisana neendlela ezintsonkothile ezithi zichasa uqikelelo olulula lokuzichaza izinto.

Ukufumana i-STV eSkotlani

Utshintsho lweScotlanis kwivoti enye edluliswayo kunyulo lukarhulumente wasekuhlaleni ngo- 2007 lunika ubungqina bokuba utshintsho lokhetho luchaphazela njani umelo lwedemokhrasi yasekuhlaleni. Phantsi kwenkqubo yangaphambili ye-FPTP, i-Labour Partir yalawula iindawo ezininzi zebhunga laseSkotlani nangona ilahlekelwe yinkxaso ebalulekileyo, neLiberal Democrates kunye neScottian National Parporation ephanity ekhoyo ngokwesabelo sabo. Emva kokuba ifumene i-STV, unyulo lwangaphakathi lweSCOS lwavelisa iziphumo ezithelekelele, ngenkxaso eboniswa kakuhle kwizithuba ezikhoyo. [[FLT:] IKhomplate yoRhulumente yeSizwe sesizwe epheleleyo ye-Scotland ibonisa ukuba utshintsho lomelo phakathi kophawu olungcono kunye nokhetho lwasekuhlaleni lobulali basekuhlaleni.

Imibutho Yotshintsho Nezithintelo Zeziko

Imigudu yokutshintsha iinkqubo zonyulo ijongene nemiqobo ebalulekileyo yezobupolitika, ingakumbi ngenxa yokuba amaqela angenelwayo kumalungiselelo akhoyo anezisusa ezinamandla zokuxhathisa utshintsho. EKhanada, iLiberal Party yafumana iphulo lokuguqula unyulo ngo- 2015 kodwa yayeka ukuzibopha kurhulumente, iqonda ukuba i-FPTP inzuzo yamaqela amabini amakhulu. Amaqela anjalo aye adlala ngaphandle eUnited Kingdom, apho u-2011 enconyelwa ekukhetheni ukhetho olusemthethweni lonovotelelo lwepalamente yaphumela ekubeni ahlulwe ngokupheleleyo — ephenjelelwa kakhulu yinkcaso eqelelweni yeqela elijongeneyo kunye nephulo lokunganyanisekiyo malunga nenkqubo ecetyiswayo.

Indlela yokuziguqula ngokungaqhelekanga ifuna iimeko ezikhethekileyo: ukukhutshwa kotshintsho olunzulu lweziphumo ezikhoyo zonyulo, njengaseNew Zealand; amaxesha omthetho-siseko okutshintsha, njengasemva kwe-apartheid South Africa; okanye inkqubela-phambili eqhubekayo yemibutho yotyani eyakha uxinzelelo kwimijikelo emininzi yonyulo. Unyuko lwezibonelelo ezingeyoparatis, njengoFairVote eUnited States kunye noMbutho we-Electoral Reformation eUnited Kingdom, luye lwanegalelo ekunyulweni ngokunyuselwa ngokugqithisileyo kwemiqathango yeminye yemijelo kumasipala nakwimigangatho karhulumente, ukudala iimeko kunye nokwakha ubungqina bokutshintsha.

Ulwalathiso Nenkcazo Eza Kubakho Kwixesha Elizayo

Iingxoxo ngenkqubo yokhetho zibandakanya inkxalabo eqhubekayo ngokubhekiselele kubuchule bolawulo-moya, ukukwazi ukumelana nemeko engekho mthethweni, kunye neziphumo zenkqubo yentlalo-ntle yoluntu kwimimandla engaphandle kwezobupolitika. Ngoxa kungekho nkqubo yokhetho enokuthi ikwazi ukucombulula ngokupheleleyo ezi zinto zinzima, ezinye iimpawu zoyilo zinokubanceda bazinciphise. Utyekelo lovotelo olukhethiweyo lokuvuza ulwakhiwo oludibeneyo nokunciphisa iphulo elibi elinika uncedo olunokwenzeka kumomo-mo-mzulu wezonomo yentlalo. Isixokelelwano senkqubo zoqhagamshelwano ezinxulumene neembono ezahlukeneyo zinganciphisa ukukhutshwa komdla wokulwano kwamaqela ngokunikezela kwemijelo yomanyano ephakathi kwedemo-demokhrasi.

Uphuhliso lobugcisa lukwanyusa ukuphinda kuphinde kubonwe kwenkqubo yokukhetha. Uyilo lwebhola yamanani kunye neendlela zobalo eziphambili ezenza ukuba iinkqubo ezintsokothileyo zifumaneke, zicutha inkxalabo yokufikelela ekwakheni ezikhoyo ngokwembali iinketho ezisikelwe umda ngaphaya kwe-FPTP. Njengokuba amabutho olawulo-demokhrasi eqhubeka evavanya amaziko awo akhethiweyo ngokuchasene nemigangatho ethambekileyo yokubonisa okusesikweni, ubuchule bobuchule bokuvelisa iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo ezizakwandisa uluhlu olukhoyo olukhoyo kubenzi benkqubo kunye nabemi.

Ukuqonda indlela inkqubo yokuvota echaphazela ngayo iziphumo zonyulo kufuna ingqalelo kwiziphumo zoomatshini kunye neempendulo zokuziphatha. Ubungqina bubonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba inkqubo yokukhetha imicimbi efuna ukumamela, imigaqo-nkqubo eqwalaselwa nzulu, nendlela abemi abayiqonda ngayo imilinganiselo yedemokhrasi. Njengoko iingxoxo zokuguqula ulawulo-lwazi ziqhubeka kusetyenziswa kwiidemokhrasi ezimisiweyo, ingxubusho kawonke-wonke yezi mpawu zobugcisa iya kuba yimfuneko ekulondolozeni ubunjani bedemokhrasi nokuthembana kwabantu kwimibutho yabavoli.