Indlela Iingcebiso zeNkcubeko Ezixilonga Ngayo Icellulation nemithetho yezopolitiko

Iindlebe zeBhunga zimi njengenye yeenkqubo ezinamandla urhulumente wase-United States ahlolisisa ngazo, aphucule ummandla wezonxibelelwano nezobuzwe. Ezi zenzo zisesikweni, eziqhutywa ziikomiti zeNdlu yabameli neNdlu yeeNdlu yeeNtlalo, zivumela abenzi bomthetho ukuba baqokelele ubungqina obungoononkqele, bancinane iinkokeli zoshishino, bahlole imisebenzi yezolawulo, baze bavavanye umthetho ocetyiweyo. Ezi zinto ziqhutywa ziqhutywa yinkqubo elawulayo ezama ukugqiba indlela amaMerika afikelela ngayo kwi-intanethi, oko kunokuzikhusela okukhoyo kwedata, oko kuthethwa ngamajelo eendaba, nendlela ubugcisa obuvela ngayo njenge 5G neendlela zobugcisa zokwenziwa kolwazi. Eli nqaku lihlola abachaphazeli bemicimbi, abathathi-ndaba, abahlala beva, abaquququzeli be-adiyo, nabasebenzi be-madipoluni, abajongene kwicandelo lomthetho, nakwiimeko zolawulo lomthetho oonolwazi oluqhelekileyo, nendlela yokulungisa lokwenza ipropati.

Isiseko somGaqo-siseko nenjongo yokuchongwa kweeNkcukacha

Igunya lokubamba ukuviwa okusuka kwiGatya I lomGaqo-siseko wase-U.S., elinika iKhomishini amandla okuququzelela nokuphatha ihambo. Iindlebe zisebenza imisebenzi emininzi eyahlukileyo kodwa ehambanayo: zifundisa amalungu eKhomishini kwimibandela entsonkothileyo yobugcisa, zinika imvume yokukhupha imicimbi kawonke-wonke, ziqokelela ulwazi olufunekayo ukuze kumiselwe umthetho osebenzayo, kwaye zigcine amaqumrhu asekuhlaleni kunye neenkampani zabucala ziphendule ngezenzo zazo. Kwi-temptalogne kunye ne-media media echazwa ngokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kwezoqoqosho kunye neemfuno ezinkulu zentlalo-mente, `imphula izigqi zesigqibo somvo ziyimfuneko. Banyanzela abakhankatho ukuba bashe imigaqo engaphaya kwemigaqo ecacileyo nengqinisileyo, izimvo ezingongoma, neeziphumo zehlabathi ezingongoma.

Ukulawula umva womthetho

Asizizo zonke iindlebe ezifanayo. umzekelo, ikomiti ingabiza ii-FC commissional ukuba zichaze ukulibaziseka komsinga wemithetho ekhoyo okanye ukusebenza kwamaqumrhu afana neKhomishini yoNxulumaniso loNxibelelwano lweFederal (FC). Ikomiti ingabiza i-FC Commissions ukuba ichaze ukulibaziseka komcimbi we-Rrenti yomhlaba okanye ukuthethelela ubundilele be-tenti. [[FLT.LT:2]] I-Legislate , kwelinye icala, ibanjwa ukuba ihlole iziko ezicetyiweyo ngaphambi kokuba zifike kwigumbi elipheleleyo. Xa umsebenzi omtsha we-56 ukwenziwa ugcino-Datalm-Atmacrence ukhuselwe njengoMthetho-out (ultl.) kunye noMthetho wokuzinzo olucetyiweyo othenjiweyo, umele ukuhlanganiswa kwishishini lolwazi, kwaye ukwenziwa, udidi oluthelelwe, lweziko oluthelelweyo, lwezikolo oluthelelweyo.

Abathabathi - nxaxheba Abaphambili Neendima Zabo

Ukuphulaphula okuqhelekileyo kubandakanya abadlali, ngamnye oneembopheleleko neembono ezingafaniyo. Ukuqonda ohlala etafileni yamangqina, kunye nesizathu sokuba, "kuncede ucacise indlela inkcazelo ephuma ngayo kwinkqubo yowiso-mthetho.

Amalungu eBhunga

Isitulo sekomiti kunye nelungu eliphezulu limisela ucwangciso, ligqiba ukuba ngawaphi amangqina amemayo, kunye nemibuzo yolawulo. Abaququzeleli okanye abameli basoloko besebenzisa imijikelezo yabo emihlanu ukuqhubela phambili ingxelo ethile, ukukhupha imvumelo, okanye ukugxininisa ukungavumelani. Isandi singasuka kwisixhobo sokulwa esingunobangela wento eshushu, ingakumbi kwimiba yeqonga elishushu njenge-data yogcino-lwazi okanye ukudityaniswa kwezixhobo zezixhobo zekhompyutha.

Amagosa olawulo

Abalathisi, ookhomishinari, kunye neengcali zobugcisa zeFC, FTC, kunye noLawulo lweSizwe lweTeTNUTY kunye noLwezolwazi (NTIA) zisoloko zingqina. Ubungqina bazo bunikela ugcino-lwazi ngezenzo zonyanzelo-mthetho, inkqubela yolawulo, kunye neengxaki zexesha elizayo. Umzekelo, ekuvinyweni kwemibutho ebanzi, amagosa e-FCC anikela iimaphu zemimandla engagcinwanga kwaye achaze imida yemali.

Abameli bezoshishino

I-CEO kunye nabalawuli abakhulu abasuka kwizithuthi zetelecom ezingundoqo (AT&T, Verizon, T-Mobile), i-conglometrates (Ikhampasi, iDisney, iFox), kunye nobugcisa bamaqonga (iGogle, iMeta, i-Apple) ngamangqina athe rhoqo. Baxhasa izilangazelelo zabo, ngokufuthi baphikisa ukuba ulawulo oluninzi lucinezela ukuphuhliswa notyalo.

I-Adventians

Amaqumrhu anjengeZibonelelo zoluntu, iziko lolawulo-moya & ubugcisa, kunye ne-Electronic Frontier Foundation imenywa ukuba ichaze umthengi nenkululeko yabemi. Inyanzela ukuba ukhuseleko lwabucala olunamandla, ukunyanzeliswa kobundilele, nemida yobundilele. I-Academic kunye nezoqoqosho zikwanika uhlalutyo oluzimeleyo, zongeza ukuthembeka kwingxelo.

Izihloko Eziqhelekileyo Phantsi Kwesivumelwano

Udweliso lwezimvo zobungquzulwano lubonisa eyona ngxaki inzima yosuku. Xa imixholo itshintsha ngobugcisa obutsha nezinto eziphambili kwezobupolitika, imixholo emininzi iphinda iphinde iphinde iphinde ijongene neentlanganiso.

Ukungathathi Nto Ngelinye Icala Nokuvula I - Internet

Zimbalwa izixa eziye zavelisa iindlebe ezininzi ze-panel njengenethi yobundilele .ISP isiseko sokuba abanikezi benkonzo ye-Internet (ISP) baphathe bonke ugcino-lwazi ngokulinganayo ngaphandle kokuvala, ukurhwebelana, okanye ukuhlawula. Utshintsho lwe-FCCC lwama-2017 lokuvula i-INTP yoLunganiso lwe-INTP lubangele ukuba uhlolo olukhawulezileyo luhlolwe. Abenzi bomthetho babuza u-FCCC jitman Ajitai malunga nempembelelo kubathengi nakushishinawo. Ngoku ke ukuva kuye kwaphikisana ukuba iNgqungquthelana i-nxaxheba ye-mnathi ye-intanethi i-intanethi i-NTPGPGPGP. [FLT.10] gcina uxwebhu lwe-INUPGUM le-NTPGenegam le-20] lwathi ye-20, ezadlula kwindlu kodwa ezithenwayo, ezithenwa zabekiweyo.

Ugcino - lwazi Nonqabiseko

Ngokwaphulwa kolwazi okuchaphazela amakhulu ezigidi zamaMelika, ukuva imicimbi yobuqu kuye kwaba yinto esisiseko. Ihlazo le-Facebook/Cambridge Analytica lakhokelela kwintlanganiso yomgama omde apho uCEO Mark Zuckerberg wajamelana neyure ezilishumi zokuncinwa. Ezi ndlebe zabhenca izithuba kumthetho okhoyo wasese kwaye zikhuthaza izicelo ezifana neAmerican Data Infic and Protection Act. AmaNgqina asoloko ephikisana enoba umthetho we-socatel kufuneka ukhuphe imithetho yombuso engqongqo efana ne-California Consumer Act.

Ukuba ngumnikazi wemajelo kunye nokwahluka-hlukeneyo

Ingqungquthela ibisoloko ixhalabele ukuxineneka kobumnini bobuzwe bobundaba kunye nempembelelo yabo kwiimbono ezahlukeneyo. Iindlebe zihlola imithetho ye-FCC ethintela ukuba zingaphi izitishi okanye amaphephandaba into enye enokuba nayo emarikeni. Iintlanganiso zakutshanje zijolise kwimpembelelo yamaqonga amakhulu afana noGoogle noFacebook kwi-operal kunye nokurhoxa kobundaba basekuhlaleni. Ukhuphiswano lwe-Journalism kunye noMthetho we-Succial [[FLT: 1], oyakuvumela abavakalisi beendaba ukuba baxoxisana ngamaqo amaqela, lakhiwe ngabaphulaphuli.

Ukufikelela kweBhayisenshi kunye noKwahlula kwamanani

Kwanaphambi kwesifo se-COVID-19 sokunxibelelana kwenqanawa, ukuva okukwicandelo lamanani kwakungumsebenzi oqhelekileyo. Abenzi bomthetho babuza i-ISP malunga ne-prigrafi, ukubekwa kwemiphakamo, nokuchana kweemaphu ezigqunyweyo. I-R344 lamawaka ezigidi zabelwa ukubotshelelwa kwi-Infrastructural Investicement kunye ne-Acts Act yowama 2021 ibonisa ukuba izigidi zeentsapho ziswele imali eninzi, i-intanethi ephezulu.

Iiteknoloji Ezidityanisiweyo: 5G, Izandi, Ne-Al

Ukuqengqeleka kwemibutho ye-5G yeminxeba ehamba ngentambo, ukwabiwa kobuninzi bonomathotholo, kunye neziphumo zobuchule bokwenziwa kwizixhobo zekhompyutha nakwi-telecom ngoku zizinto eziphambili ezikwimixholo. Iindlebe ziye zathetha ngenkxalabo yokhuseleko lwesizwe ngabathengisi bamaTshayina abafana noHuawei, inkqubo yokuthengisa ngemizila yelayisensi, kunye nokukwazi kwe-Al ukulawula okuqulethwe ngunomathotholo okanye ukukhupha isandi solwazi. Ezi ngxoxo zifuna umgangatho ophezulu wobuchule bobugcisa kubenzi bomthetho nakumangqina, kwaye iindlebe zisebenza njengendlela yokungquzula amalungu ekomiti.

Impembelelo yomthetho neNkxaso

Ngoxa ukuva ngokwako kungadluli mithetho, benza iimeko zokutshintsha kwemithetho. Irekhodi esemthethweni ``iirekhodi, ii-CD ezibhaliweyo, kunye nogcino-lwazi- olubhaliweyo] iba sisiseko semali yetyala lokulungisa ityala. Iingxelo zekomiti zisoloko zibhekisa ubungqina obungqalileyo ukuthethelela isizathu sokuba ilungiselelo liyimfuneko.

Ukusuka Kwilizwi Ukusa Kwibhiliphu Ukusa Kumthetho

Isigqumathelo sobomi siqala ngomqathango wokuchaza ingxaki. Umzekelo, emva kokuva izihlandlo ezininzi kwi-rodocalls, ubugcisa bokwenza izinto zobunyani, i-Telephone Robocal Abugnore Abugnorement Enforcement kunye ne Deterrence (TRAPD) Act yagqithiswa ngo-2019. Isenzo sagunyazisa ukuba abaxhasi basebenzise ubuchule bokukhupha umbane kwaye banike abalawuli abaninzi izixhobo zokunceda ukuqinisekisa. Ngokufanayo, ukungaphumeleli kwenkqubo yongxamiseko ngexesha likaxakeka kukhokelela kwizicelo zokunyusa inkqubo.

Ukwenza ulawulo olugqwethekileyo

Izakhono zikwanyanzelisa amaziko karhulumente ukuba athathe inyathelo. Emva kokuva apho abachasi-mthetho bagxeka ngokuphandle i-FCC inaction kwimithetho yobunini bamajelo eendaba, le nkqubo yasungula ukuqhubekeka komthetho omtsha. Ubungqina basesidlangalaleni obuvela kubasasazi abancinane nabanini-mali abambalwa bakhankanywe kumyalelo wekomishini wokunciphisa ulawulo oluthile. Amandla anamandla akwa-asebe: anikela iiplani zabo ekuvinyweni, kwaye iBhunga lisebenzisa ukuphawula oko likulindeleyo kwisebe.

Ukukhuthaza iimbono zikawonke-wonke nokugqunywa kwemithombo yezobugcisa

Ukuvakala kwe-panel ephezulu kubangela ukugquma okuninzi kobundaba, okuthi ngokulandelayo kujike kumomeleze uluvo lukawonke-wonke kunye nezinto eziphambili. Umboniso weCEO obebedityaniswa phambi kweNgqungquthela ungayiguqula le ngxelo ijongene nembambano kwimbambano. Ngokomzekelo, iindlebe zenetha, ziqokelela iingcambu eziziqhutywe ziqhutywe zize zibangele izigidi zamagqabaza kawonke-wonke wonke kwi-FCC.

Uhlolisiso Lwetyala: Uphawu Lokuva Indlebe Olutshintsha Umgaqo - siseko WeTelecom

Ukuhlolisisa iindlebe ezithile kusinceda sibone ukuba ziyakwazi ukutshintsha.

Uwe-2006 AT&T kunye neBell Community

Xa i-AT&T yacebisa ukudibanisa neekomiti ze-FLS South, ezilwa nolwaphulo-mthetho kunye neetelekomu ezinamacala amaninzi. Abahlalutyi baphikisa ukuba ukudityaniswa kwale ngxaki kwakuza kunciphisa ukhuphiswano kwiimarike ezingenantambo nokuyingozi kubathengi. Iindlebe zanika iqonga labakhuphi namaqela abathengi ukuvakalisa inkcaso, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiimeko ezibekwe yi-FCC. Umzekelo wencwadi yezobupolitiki oye wabangela ukuba iimeko zidibane.

IAmbridge Analyticas yaseFacebook (208)

NgoAprili 2018, uFacebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg wanikela ubungqina phambi kwetyala elidibeneyo leNdlu yeQembu leMikhosi nezorhwebo, kwaye kamva phambi kweKomiti yeNdlu YesiGqeba nezorhwebo. Iindlebe zangethuba lokubekwa kwezogcino-lwazi. Abenzi bomthetho bobabini bafuna iimpendulo ngendlela ugcino-lwazi lomsebenzi ochongiwe ngayo ngaphandle kwemvume. Iziphumo zangoko zabona ukunqongophala kwetyala le-mali elicetyisiweyo lemfihlo lemfihlo, kwaye ukuva kwabhenela phambili ukwenziwa kogcino-data olungqongqo kushishino lwezobugcisa.

Icandelo 230 kunye nomlinganiselo wezindlebe ezikumxholo

ICandelo lama- 230 loMthetho woNxibelelwano woKhupho, onika ukhuseleko kwi-intanethi kwiqonga elinolwazi olukumsebenzi oxhaswe ngumsebenzisi, ibingumbandela wokuva abantu abaninzi kwiminyaka elishumi edluleyo. Ezi ntetho ziye zangquzulana nabameli benkululeko yokuthetha ngokuchasene nabo baphikisayo ukuba amaqonga afanele aphendulwe ngokonakeleyo. AmaNgqina aye aquka abaphengululi abasemthethweni, ababenabaphathi bezolawulo abaphambili, nabameli beentsapho abachaphazelekayo kwi-intanethi. Nangona kungekho lutshintsho olubanzi oluye lwadlula, ukuva kuye kwakhokelela kwiindleko ezincinci ezifana ne FOSTA-STA -STA umqulu (ukuqhuba iintlosoliti yezokuziphatha), kwaye ayaqhubeka ukuzazisa umgudu wokwenza umsebenzi woburhulumente-ovimba-mali.

Ukugxekwa Nokusikelwa Umda Kwendlela Yokuva

Ngaphandle kokubaluleka kwazo, iindlebe zombutho zineziphazamiso. Abahlalutyi babonisa utyekelo lokuva ukuze baphethule ii-projekthi kwimidlalo yezopolitiko, kunye namalungu asebenzisa ixesha lawo ukuhambisa ii-monovalcounts kunokubuza imibuzo encinci. Abaxhasi bezoshishino ababhinqileyo bafumana ixesha elilinganiselweyo kunye nokwahlulwa kolawulo lwekomiti kungenza umzobo ongaphelelanga. Umzekelo, ulawulo olubini lweKomiti yeNtsimbi yeeNtlanganiso kunye neKomiti yeJadiary kwiingxaki zezobugcisa maxa wambi baphumela ekulaleni okanye ekuvani okanye ekungqubaniseni iindlebe. Ngokubheke phandle, abaxhasi bezoshishino basoloko benikela amangqina anikela ngenyameko imiyalezo, ngoxa amazwi abathengi enokuthi anikezelwe phantsi kolwazi.

Sekunjalo, inkqubo yokuva iseyeyona ndlela icace kakhulu yokukhupha iimbono ezikhuphisanayo kwiinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo. Ukufumaneka kweminxeba, iividiyo, namaxwebhu athunyelweyo kwenza ukuba abaphandi, intatheli, nabantu bagcine abenzi bomthetho namangqina benoxanduva emva kwexesha elide bewile.

Indlela Abahlali Abanokuzibandakanya Ngayo Iimpendulo

Uwonke wonke akangomntu nje ongenzi nto. Nabani na angafumana iindlebe ezizayo ngeqela lekomiti..gov. Ucwangciso lwekomiti , jonga imisinga ekhoyo kwiiwebhsayithi zekomiti, kwaye nikezela ubungqina obubhaliweyo okanye izithuba. Amaqela angena emkhosini asoloko eququzelela amaphulo engca azisa amazwi athe ngqo kubasebenzi bekomiti. Emva koko abemi bayakwazi ukuqhagamshelana nabameli babo ukubonakalisa okanye ukuchasa umthetho ocetyisiweyo. Kwixesha apho itemnegamsmente kunye nenkqubo yesixhobo solawulo-ndaba ilungisa ubunjani, ukuva okungatyunjwa okuthe ngqo kwentetho yedemokhrasi, kuluhlobo lokuthatha inxaxheba.

Ulwalathiso Lwexesha Elizayo: Yintoni Elandelayo Kwiagenda Evayo?

Ukukhangela phambili, iimbambano eziliqela eziphumayo ziya kulawula ukuvakala kwe-telecom kunye ne-media. Umqulu ophumayo kwinkqubo ye-BEAD ye-BEAD ebanzi yasemaphandleni uza kuvelisa ukuvalwa kwemali enikezelwa ngayo. Ukuthengiswa okanye ukwahlulwa kweenkampani ezinkulu zeqonga kusenokuxhobisa ukuva ngokuthembeka. Ingxoxo ngokuphinda kubhalwe kwakhona kwegunya lorhwebo lwe-FCC iya kuzisa ushishino kunye namangqina karhulumente phambi kweekomiti. Ngaphezu koko, njengoko amandla obuchule obuziqulunqikelelo oluneyo lunokunconywa, ukuveliswa koondaba, kunye nezibhengezo, ukuva ngenkcazelo e-algastimonic kunye nokunga.

Indaleko yenkqubo yokuva isenokuba isetafileni. Abanye abamisi-mthetho baye bacebisa imithetho etshintshayo evumela ubungqina obuninzi obukude, ukuva okuziimvakalelo, kunye nokufikelela okungcono kwamanani kwiirekhodi zikawonke-wonke. Olu tshintsho lungenza ukuba ukuva kube nokuvakala okuqulezelelekileyo nokusabela kwinkqubela-phambili yotshintsho lobugcisa.

Isiphelo

Ukuva kwe-Congress kungaphezulu kakhulu kunendlela yokuphendulana esetyenziswayo, kwaye ziluphawu oluxhotyisiweyo apho inkqubo yokunxibelelana kwe-tem-net kunye ne-media ivavanywa khona, inyuswe, ize isetyenziswe. Ukusuka kubundilele be-nethi ukuya kwi-data, ukusuka kwizixhobo zonxibelelwano ukuya kumanyano lwezolwazi, ukuva kunika i-athom ekhethekileyo apho amandla athandabuzekayo, ubungqina obunikelwayo, kwaye izilangazelelo zikawonke wonke zilinganiswa khona nxamnye nempembelelo yangasese. Ngoxa zisemgangathweni elilawulayo elilawulwa yidemokhrasi. Ukuqonda indlela ezi ndlebe ezithi zithathela ngayo inxaxheba emsebenzini, abathathi bathathe inxaxheba, abahlolayo, nendlela ababumba ngayo umthetho abafuna okanye abayiqonda ngayo imithetho elawulayo.