Ukwazisa: Ukusabela Okungakumbi Ngokusemthethweni Kwindawo Engekho Nto Ne - Internet Yokukhathazwa

Ukuxinezeleka nokuhlaselwa ngekhompyutha kuye kwasuka kwizinto ezibubukhali zaya kuchaphazela izigidi zabantu kuzo zonke iimfuno zabantu. Ukungaqondakali, ukufikelela nokuzingisa konxibelelwano lobugcisa kudala imekobume apho ukungcungcuthekiswa kunokwenzeka khona ngeyure, kushiya amaxhoba eziva evalelwe kwaye engenamandla. Ngenxa yoko, abenzi bomthetho kumazwe nakumgangatho wesizwe baye benza umthetho ojongene nokunqanda ezi mpawu ngoxa ukuhlonipha ukukhuselwa komgaqo-siseko, ingakumbi isiHlamkelo Sokuqala. Eli nqaku lihlolisisa indlela izikhululo ezithi zisebenzisa ngayo i-compris kwi-interlinearbulbul ne-sedrog, izicwangciso zokusebenza, inkqubo yokugunyazisa i-mthetho kwindawo ethile, kunye nocelomngeni oluqhubekayo olubangela ukuba ezi migudu zingasebenzi.

Ukuchaza ukuhlaselwa kwe-Cyberbulish neNtlalo-ntle yoMgaqo-siseko

Phambi kokuhlolisisa imithetho ethile, kubalulekile ukuqonda indlela abalawuli bemithetho abawachaza ngayo la magama. Ngoxa ukusetyenziswa komthetho okuqhelekileyo kusenokunyanga “i-cyberbuling” kunye“ nokukhathazwa ngumthetho” kunye, iinkcazelo zomthetho ziyahlukahluka ngokuphawulekayo. Ukuchazwa kwegama kubhekisela kwingozi ephindaphindwayo, ngengozi eyenziwa ngezixhobo ze-elektroniki . Ngokufuthi ukuhlasela abantwana abancinane kwimeko yesikolo. I-Online headerburing ingaba ligama eliquka ukusongela, ukusongela, ukonakalisa, kunye neyelenqe elingeyo ngokwesondo elibhekiswa kubantu abadala okanye kubantwana.

Umthetho we-Frefel awunayo ingcaciso enye, edityanisiweyo yokusetyenziswa kwekhompyutha. Endaweni yoko, ithetha ngezenzo ezinxulumeneyo ezinxulumene nemigaqo ejongene nokuhlasela, ukusongelosa ulwaphulo-mthetho kunye nokuqhatha kwekhompyutha. Noko ke, imithetho yelizwe iye yasebenza ngokuhambelana nokuchaza ii-intanethi ze-intanethi ezicacileyo kwimithetho yemfundo okanye yemithetho yolwaphulo-mthetho. Umzekelo, amazwe amaninzi achaza i-intanethi esetyenziswa njengokusetyenziswa konxibelelwano lwe-elektroniki ukuhlasela, ukusongela, okanye ukuthoba umntwana, ngokufuthi ngolwimi olusetyenziswayo okanye ukuchaza iinkcazelo ezingokwezibonelelo-computhayo

Ukungabi nankcazelo yalo lonke ihlabathi kubangela imingeni yokutshutshiswa kwetyala kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yesikolo. Amanye amatyala afuna ukuba ukuziphatha okubangela “ukuphazamiseka okungalawuleki” esikolweni, ngoxa amanye ehlisa ibhari ukuba ibangele nayiphi na inkxwaleko yemvakalelo ngabom. Le misebenzi ithetha ukuba ihambo efanayo isenokuba ingekho mthethweni kwelinye icala kodwa hayi kwenye, ibangele ukuba uqikelelo lungaqikelelwa kwiintambo zikarhulumente.

Idilesi yoMthetho yoManyano neNkxaso kuMgaqo-nkqubo

Kumgangatho karhulumente, akukho mmiselo mnye ochasene ne-cyberbulican. Endaweni yoko, iBhunga lizithethile ezi ngxaki ngemithetho emininzi enxulumene nezenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho okanye ulwaphulo-mthetho. Le mithetho inikela umgaqo osisiseko wokhuseleko olunokusekwa kuwo amagunya.

Izenzo Zogonyamelo Kumabhinqa (VAWA)

Nangona inxulumene ngokuyintloko nogonyamelo lwasekhaya nokuhlaselwa ngokwesini, iSkinal Against Women Act iquka amalungiselelo okuba ulwaphulo-mthetho luhlasele i-intanethi xa ibandakanya ukuhlasela okanye ukusongela amaqabane asondeleneyo. Ukuqulunqwa kwe-VAWA kuye kwandisa imigaqo yokukhusela ukugquma ii-akhawunta, amanyala angeyonlwi (ngokufuthi abizwa ngokuba yimifanekiso engcolileyo yokuziphindezela), kunye nokuthetha ngekhompyutha. Abatshutshisi bomanyano baye basebenzisa i-VAWA ukutyhola abaphuli-mthetho abasebenzisa izinto zokunxibelelana, i-imeyili, okanye ii-messaudio zokubhala ukuze bahlase amaxhoba okanye bawahluze, ingakumbi xa benqumla imida ye-mo ye-moreji.

UMthetho wokuHlaba nokuHlabanisa weKhompyutha yoManyano

I-CFAA iyakwalela ukufumaneka okungekho mthethweni kwiikhompyutha kunye nee-nethwekhi. Nangona kungenzelwanga ngokukhethekileyo ukusetyenziswa kwekhompyutha, iye yacelwa kwiimeko apho abaphuli-mthetho beqhekeza kwi-imeyili okanye kwi-media yezentlalo-mbini ukuba babe ulwazi lwabucala okanye bazenze ngathi bazenze. Ulwimi olubanzi lomthetho lukwagubungela izenzo ezibangela umonakalo okanye ukulahlekelwa ngolo hlobo lokufikelela. Iinkundla zitolike i-CFA ukuba zisebenzise ukusebenzisa igama eliyimfihlo lokuthetha ngokungqubana nokuphoxa kwi-data yesikolo, zombini ezinokuthi zibe zizizinto ezikhoyo kwi-ibberbuni.

Noko ke, iCFAA ijongene nokugxekwa ngenxa yokungacacanga kakhulu nokuphazamisana nolwaphulo-mthetho oluncinane. Isigqibo seNkundla Ephakamileyo yakutshanje, esinjenge Van v. United States [201], siye sanciphisa umlinganiselo wayo, siphakamisa imibuzo ngokuphumelela kwayo nxamnye neentlobo ezithile zokukhathazwa kwi-intanethi ezingabandakanyeki ulwaphulo olucacileyo.

Umthetho Wokuyeka Ugonyamelo Lwasesikolweni

I-DID School Violence Act yagqitywa ngo-2018, inika izikolo inkxaso-mali yokusebenzisa amanyathelo okhuseleko, kuquka ukuqeqesha abafundi kunye nabasebenzi ngendlela yokubona nokunika ingxelo ngekhompyutha. Izikolo zisenokusebenzisa le mali ukuvelisa iinkqubo ezingaziwayo zokunikela ingxelo, ukuchaza iingxelo zezisongelo, nokuyila imigaqo echasene ne-syberbulbul. Ngoxa lo mthetho ungaphangi, ubangela ukuba kuthintelwe

Eminye Imithetho Yodidi Esebenzayo

  • 76 88 U.S.C. 76(c): Ikwenza ulwaphulo-mthetho lwezwe ukudlulisela naluphi unxibelelwano oluqulathe isisongelo sokwenzakaliso omnye umntu ngaphaya kwemigca karhulumente. Lo mthetho usebenza kwii-imeyili, imiyalezo yokubhaliweyo, kunye nee-pali ze-media eziquka izisongelo ezithembekileyo.
  • 18 U.S.U.S. 761A: Umthetho we-inthanethi ogunyazisa ukusebenzisa unxibelelwano lwe-elektroniki kwiplanga, ukukhathaza, okanye ukoyikisa umntu, ingakumbi xa ibeka ixhoba kuloyiko olusengqiqweni lokufa okanye kwingozi enzulu emzimbeni.
  • Umthetho woNxibelelwano woKhupho (ulwakhiwo 230): Ngelixesha icandelo 230 lingenamthetho ochasene nolawulo, iCandelo linika ukhuseleko kwimigangatho ye-intanethi ukwenzela ukuba umxholo ubekwe ngabasebenzisi. Lo khuselo lulikrele elikhuselwe kabini: likhusela amaqonga ekugwetyelweni ukuxhobisa okuqulezela, kodwa abagxeki bayaphikisana nawo aphelisa ubungcathu be-mfashoni be-ibbulbul kunye nokuhlukumeza.

Imithetho yesebe inamandla, ingakumbi xa ukukhathazwa kunqumla imida yelizwe okanye kubandakanya urhwebo phakathi kwemimandla yamazwe. Noko ke, igquma kuphela ezona meko zinzima. Iziganeko ezininzi ezibandakanya abantwana, zishiyelwa kurhulumente nakumagunya asekuhlaleni ukuze zicombulule.

Imithetho Karhulumente: Indawo Ephambili Yedabi Lokulwa Necyberbulicas

Ngenxa yokuba uninzi lwamatyala achasene nekhompyutha eyenzeka kwingingqi enye, kwaye ngenxa yokuba imfundo ingumsebenzi wesizwe, izindlu zowiso-mthetho zikarhulumente ziye zakhokela ekwenzeni imithetho echasene ne-cyberbul. Ngonyaka wama-2025, onke amaphondo angama-50 anendlela ethile echasene nomthetho ochasene nolwaphulo-mthetho, kwaye ngokucacileyo iquka ukungcungcuthekiswa ngombane okanye ngemichiza ngokweenkcazelo zawo. Ngoko, ubukhulu becala, umlinganiselo, ubunyani, kunye nobuchule bokunyanzelo lwahlukeneyo buyehluka ngokubanzi.

Iinkqubo Eziqhelekileyo Zemithetho Engachananga Karhulumente

Ngoxa umthetho welizwana ngalinye wahlukile, kuye kwavela iinkalo eziliqela eziqhelekileyo:

  • Ukungamkeleki kokusetyenziswa kwekhompyutha: Amazwana amaninzi achaza i Internet njengengxwelerha, ukoyikisa, okanye ukungcungcuthekisa ngezixhobo ze-elektroniki, adla ngokudwelisa imizekelo enjengemiyalezo yeposi, ii-menutal menu, ii-imeyili okanye amaqonga okudlala kwi-intanethi.
  • ulawulo lwezikolo: Imithetho emininzi iyasebenza kwihambo eyenzekayo kumabala esikolo okanye kwiziganeko ezithe shwaka esikolweni, kodwa inani elikhulayo linwebela ulawulo lokuziphatha kokungalawuleki okudala imeko-bume enobutshaba esikolweni okanye iphazamisa inkqubo yemfundo.
  • Iimfuno zokuchaza: Amazwe afana neNew York afuna izikolo ukwazisa abazali bexhoba kunye nabaphangi bexesha elithile. Abanye bayalela ukuba abaqeshwa besikolo barhane ukuba basebenzise i-intanethi okanye baqhube umthetho.
  • [[NTL:0] Iziphumo ezicacileyo: Ityala loluhlu ukusuka kungenelelo olusekelwe esikolweni (ukucetyiswa, ukucetyiswa) ukuya kulwaphulo-mthetho kumatyala anzima, njengaxa ukungcungcuthekiswa kubandakanya izisongelo, ukuphanga, okanye ukubukela imifanekiso engamanyala yabantwana.
  • Imfundo yokususa: Amanye amazwe afuna izikolo zifake ulwazi lwe-intanethi kwizifundo, ukufundisa abafundi ngobumi bamanani kunye neziphumo zokukhathazwa yi-intanethi.

Imizekelo Karhulumente

ICalifornia: Ikhowudi yemfundo karhulumente ichaza ngokucacileyo i-intanethi njengendlela yokungcungcuthekisa enokwenzeka okanye engaphandle kwe-ikoleji. Izikolo kufuneka ziquke i-intelekelelo ye-inthambiso-mfono-mfono-mfono- mlonyeni kwaye zinokunqumamisa okanye zikhuphe abafundi ngenxa yehambo engalunganga. IKhalifoniya yakwawumisela umthetho “ukonakalisa”, owahlula phakathi kolwano oluphakathi koontanga kunye nosasazo olungelulo luhlu, uphawu oluqhelekileyo lweemeko ezihamba ngekhompyutha.

: Ikhowudi yePetal 7642.07 iyenza ibe yeyolwaphulo-mthetho, iyenze ibe yi-Cudia B engalunganga kwityala lokuqala kunye nehlelo elingalunganga kwimposiso yokwaphula umthetho okulandelayo. Umthetho uquka izisongelo ezenziwe ngonxibelelwano lwe-elektroniki kwaye zihlasela ngendlela yamanani. Izikolo kufuneka ukuba zifumane imigaqo ekwalela ukungcungcuthekiswa kwengxushungxushuwa kunye ne-ibrobhuli esetyenziswayo kunye nengxelo minyaka yonke yeziganeko kwi Texas Education Agency.

INew York: Isidima se-[FLT Act yabo bonke aBafundi (DASA) sikwalela ukukhathazwa kunye nocalucalulo ezikolweni, kuquka ikhompyutha engekho mgangathweni. Phantsi kwe-DASA, izikolo kufuneka zihlole zonke iingxelo kwaye zinyanzelise izenzo zoluleko. Utshintsho lwama-2019 olufunekayo ukuquka izikolo eziquka ikhowudi yazo yendlela yokuziphatha kunye nokwazisa abazali beziganeko ezixeliweyo kwiintsuku ezimbini zesikolo.

Florida: I-Jeffrey Johnston Stand Up for All Students Act ifuna ukuba izikolo zithathe iinkqubo ezithintela ukungcungcuthekiswa nokukhathazwa, kuquka nokusetyenziswa kwekhompyutha. Umthetho uchaza ikhompyutha njengendlela yokusebenzisa unxibelelwano lwezibonelelo zekhompyutha ukubangela unxunguphalo olunzulu okanye uloyiko lokwenzakala emzimbeni. IFlorida ikwanyanzela izigwebo zolwaphulo-mthetho “kwe-intanethi ephezulu." Ukuba ixhoba lincinane kwaye ixhoba lisebenzisa ikhompyutha okanye isixhobo sombane ukuhlasela.

I-Illinois: Umthetho we-Illinois olwa noMthetho we-Harassment Order uvumela amaxhoba onxibelelwano lwezibhedlele, kuquka nolwaphulo-mthetho lwe-intanethi, ukufumana ulawulo lwabemi nxamnye nomhluzi. Oku kunika inkqubo esemthethweni kumaxhoba ukufuna isiqabu ngaphandle kwenkqubo yobulungisa. Izikolo e-Illinois kufuneka zifake i-inthambhuli kwimigaqo yazo echasene nemithetho yemfundo echasene ne-intanethi kwaye zinike ingxelo yeziganeko kwibhodi yemfundo karhulumente.

Ingxaki Yokubhadula

Nangona imithetho karhulumente ibalulekile, ukwahlukana kwabo kudala ucelomngeni. Umfundi ofunda ngekhompyutha umntwana afunda naye ngoxa esekhefini kwelinye iphondo usenokungathotyelwa imithetho efanayo nasekhaya. Amasebe omthetho afuna ukunyanzelisa ukugcinwa komthetho asoloko engenazo iindlela zokulandela amatyala anqamlezayo, kwaye abatshutshisi basenokumathidala ukuzisa izityholo ukuba ukuziphatha akungekho mthethweni ngokucacileyo phantsi komthetho karhulumente. Lo mmiselo unegalelo ukhokelele ekufuneni ukhokelo oluthe ngqinelanayo, kodwa kude kude iNkquluko ibambe igamekile kumaphondo.

Indima Yezikolo Ekuthobeleni Imithetho Esekelwe Kwisikolo

Izikolo zidla ngokuba ngumgca ophambili wokunyanzeliswa kwemithetho echasene ne-cyberbul, ingakumbi xa kubandakanyeke abantwana. Ngenxa yokuba amazwe amaninzi afuna izikolo ukuba ziphuhlise iinkqubo kunye nokuphanda iziganeko, abafundisi-mfundo nabalawuli baye baba ngabadlali abagxekayo kumthetho. Noko ke, izikolo kufuneka zilungelelanise umsebenzi wazo ukukhusela abafundi ngamalungelo omgaqo-siseko okuthetha ngokukhululekileyo.

Intetho yeCampus ijoliswe kwiSikolo

UHlaliso Lokuqala lulinganisela umlinganiselo apho izikolo zinokubohlwaya abafundi ngenxa yokuthetha okungekho mgangathweni, kuquka ukusetyenziswa kwekhompyutha. Isigqibo seNkundla Ephakamileyo sango-2021 [ku-. UMhanoy Isithili seSithili seSithili-langa . B.L.[[FLL:1] zibambe ukuba izikolo azinakohlwaya abafundi ngenxa yokuthetha ngaphandle kokuba zibangele ukuphazamisana okugqithisileyo esikolweni okanye zihlasela amalungelo abanye. Esi sigqibo siye sazenza zazenza zaqina kakhulu izikolo ukuba zilwele ngokuchasene ne-ibberbulburie eyenzeka emva kweeyure zesikolo okanye kwizixhobo zobuqu, kwanokuba ukuhlaselwa komnye umntu afunda naye.

Phezu kwako nje oku, imithetho emininzi karhulumente idlulisela ngokucacileyo igunya lesikolo kukuziphatha okuchasene nomgangatho ophakathi. Izikolo ziye zaphendula ngokubhekisa kwimigaqo yokuthintela, ukubuyisela uqheliselo lobulungisa, kunye nokunika ingxelo yobuchule kunokusebenzisa imilinganiselo yokunika isohlwayo engaziwayo. Eminye iye yasebenzisa imigca ejongene nezixhobo zokuhlola amanani, nangona ezi ziphakamisa inkxalabo yemfihlo.

Uqeqesho lwamasebe noqeqesho

Ukuphunyezwa okunempumelelo kufuna ukuba abafundisi-lwazi baqonde intsingiselo yemithetho karhulumente. Amalifa egunyazisa abafundisi- ntsapho indlela yokubona ukusetyenziswa kwekhompyutha, ukusabela kwiingxelo, nokukhusela amathuba obuqu abafundi. Ngaphandle koqeqesho olunjalo, imithetho ihlala ingaqondakali kwaye inganyanzeliswanga. Iinkqubo ezifana ne-Olweus Bulling Program yothintelo lwe-Olweus Bulling kunye neZiko le-Internet Use unika izikolo ezisekelwe kwimfundo yobungqina ezinceda izikolo zihambelane nemiyalelo karhulumente.

Ingxelo noqokelelo logcino-lwazi

Ukulinganisa ukusebenza kwemithetho echasene ne-cyberbul, amatyala afuna ukuba izikolo ziqokelele zize zinike ingxelo ngeziganeko. ISebe lezemfundo yaMalungelo e-U.S. i-CRDC lisebenzisa ukuxhatshazwa nokukhathazwa kwizikolo zikawonke wonke, kuquka nokusetyenziswa kwekhompyutha. Noko ke, ukuxelwa phantsi kwengxelo kuseyingxaki, njengoko abafundi besoloko bengafuni ukuza phambili ngenxa yokoyika ukuziphindezela okanye ukuphoxeka.

Ucelomngeni Lokusebenzisa I - cyberbulgoll Nemithetho Yokukhathazwa Kulo Lombutho

Nakuba kukho inkqubela, kusaqhubeka kukho imiqobo ephawulekayo ekulweni nokusetyenziswa kwe - Internet.

Ingxelo yeMicimbi yeQhinga neNkxaso yeNkcubeko

I-intanethi ayiwuhloneli umda. Umenzi wezenzo e-New York angalikhathaza ixhoba laseKhalifoniya esebenzisa iseva kwiphondo lesithathu. Abatshutshisi kufuneka bagqibe ukuba liliphi igunya, kwaye ukugcinwa kwetyala kudla ngokufuna umanyano phakathi kwamaziko agunyazisa umthetho amaninzi. Amasebe amapolisa amancinane asenokungabi nabungcaphephe bamanani bokuhlola iimeko ezinjalo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni ahlaziywe kancinci.

Ukhuseleko

UMthetho Wokuqala Wokwenziwa koMthetho ukhusela umahluko omkhulu wokrwada, owentiyo, nowokucaphukisa. Imithetho ephazamisa i-intanethi kufuneka iphephe ukungqubana nenkcazelo ekhuselweyo. Umzekelo, umthetho othintela “ukubetha” amagqabaza ungabethwa njengegqitha. Iinkundla ziye zafuna ukuba imithetho egqwetha i-intanethi iquke iinjongo, iphindwa, okanye umonakalo wokwenene wokudlulisa uququzelo lomgaqo-siseko. Lo mthetho uthetha ukuba uninzi lwamazwe agunyazileyo amisele imithetho egqugqithelele amatyala amaninzi anzima kuphela, ishiya imithetho engekho mthethweni eyingozi kodwa ekwakunga.

Ubuxhakaxhaka obujikelezayo kunye nokungaqondakali

Umgangatho waselubala usoloko utshintsha. Eyona nto yayiyingxaki enkulu kumajelo eendaba kunye nokuthumela imiyalezo ngokukhawuleza ikhulele kumagumbi okungcakaza, ii-apps ezifihliweyo ezifana neSmall kunye ne-Telegram, kunye ne-erhemeral transming kwiSnapchat. Ukunyanzeleka komthetho ukugcina isantya kunye nala maqondo obugcisa. Ngaphezu koko, iingxelo ezingaziwayo kunye nee-Pixem zenza kube nzima ukuphawula abanikeli, kwaye amaqonga angacothanga ukusabela kwii-panespoeas ukuze ufumane ulwazi lomsebenzisi.

Imida yokunyanzelisa kunye nodlu-dlulwano lwezibonelelo

Kwanaxa imithetho isezincwadini, ukunyanzelisa akulingani. Amagosa ogcino-mali esikolo kunye namapolisa asekuhlaleni asenokungakuqeqeshi ukuphanda ngamanani. Amagqwetha esithili asoloko ebeka phambili ulwaphulo-mthetho logonyamelo kumatyala angengokukhathazwa emzimbeni. Amaxhoba asenokushiywa ngaphandle kokucela uncedo, ingakumbi ukuba isimilo singaphantsi kwemiba ephambili yetyala lolwaphulo-mthetho. Amayeza amakhaya, njengokuthintela imiyalelo okanye ukumangalelwa, akhona kodwa anokubiza imali eninzi kwaye anokudinisa ngokweemvakalelo.

Indima yee-Platforms zobuGcisa neZiko lobuChwepheshe

Ngoxa umthetho ugxininisa kubantu abaphembelela ukuhlaselwa, ukwakhiwa kwamaqonga e-intanethi kunendima ebalulekileyo ekuncedeni okanye ekuthinteleni ukusetyenziswa kwekhompyutha. Iinkampani ezifana neMeta, X (eyayibizwa ngokuba yiTwitter), iTik Tok neYouTube ziye zasebenzisa imithetho yokulwa nokuhlaselwa, kodwa abahlalutyi baphikisa la manyathelo anele.

Icandelo 230 loMthetho woNxibelelwano woKhuselo loKhuselo loKhuselo lweqonga kwityala lomxholo okhutshwe ngumsebenzisi. Olu khuselo lomthetho luye lwasisizathu esingundoqo sokuba iqonga lingajongani nokumangalelwa okukhulu ngenxa yokuqulunqwa kwe-intanethi. Kodwa, kwakhona kuthetha ukuba iqonga alifunwa ngokusemthethweni ukususa zonke izinto eziyingozi; yenza njalo kuphela xa zingqubana neemfuno zomsebenzi okanye xa zijongene noxinzelelo lukawonke-wonke.

Ukuze aphendule, amanye amaphondo aye azama ukulawula indlela yokuziphatha kwiqonga ngqo. Umthetho weAppropriate Design Code Code (umvana ovalwe yinkundla) wawuza kufuna iqonga ukubeka iliso kwimfihlo kunye nokhuseleko lwabantwana ngokungagqibekanga. Ezinye izicelo ziye zafuna ukumisela iCandelo lokhuseleko lweziphene ezingama- 230 kwimigudu yokusebenzisa i-computerbulbul. Kumgangatho wesizwe, amatyala afana ne-EARN IT noMthetho we-CIS Online Safety (KOA) ziveziwe kodwa azikadluliswanga.

Iinkampani zobugcisa ngokwazo zivelise izixhobo zokulwa nokukhathazwa, ezifana nokuhlulwa kwamagama ayintloko, uluhlu lwebloko, kunye nokufunyaniswa kolwimi olusekelwe kwi-Al. “Indawo ye-AI" ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba bathintele unxibelelwano ngaphandle kokuvingca, kwaye uTik Tok usebenzisa iinkqubo ezizizodwa ukususa iintetho ezinentiyo. Ezi zinyathelo ziluncedo, kodwa azikho endaweni yomthetho wokunyanzelisa.

Iimbono Zezizwe Ngezizwe Nokuthelekiswa Kwazo

Amanye amazwe aye athabatha iindlela ezahlukeneyo zomthetho osemthethweni we-intanethi. I-United Kingdom’s Malbury Communivations Act ne-Unit to Sect of Anety Act ivumela ukuba amatyala axhatshazwe kwi-intanethi avunyelwe. I-UK ifuna ukuba izikolo zibe nemigaqo echasene nolwaphulo-mthetho kwaye iseke “Umthetho we-Ointline Safety Act” omisela umsebenzi wokunyamekela abantu kwimigangatho yezentlalo ukukhusela abasebenzisi kwiingozi.

I-Nethwekhi ye-Enircement Act (NetzDG) ifuna amaqonga ukuze kususwe intetho engekho mthethweni ne-intanethi engekho mthethweni kunye ne-intanethi kwi-intanethi kwiyure ezingama-24 okanye kujongwe intengo ebalulekileyo. Abahlalutyi bathi oku kukhokelela ekusebenziseni kakhulu, kodwa abaxhasi bathi kunyanzelisa iqonga ukuze lithathe imbopheleleko. Umthetho we-Crevents-gement weKhana uquka amalungiselelo okuchasene nokusetyenziswa kwekhompyutha, kwaye amaphondo amaninzi aye amisela imithetho evumela amaxhoba ukuba agwetyelwe ukutyhola okanye afune imiyalelo yokukhusela ikhompyutha.

UMthetho weeNkonzo ze-DSA we-European Union, owasebenza ngowama-2024, umisela iimfuno ezibambekayo kwiiqonga ezinkulu ukuvavanya nokunciphisa iingozi ezikhoyo kwinkqubo, kuquka ukusetyenziswa kwekhompyutha kunye nokukhathazwa. Phantsi kwe-DSA, amaqonga kufuneka anike abasebenzisi abacacileyo ukuba banike ingxelo engekho mthethweni kwaye baphantsi kwemiqathango yangaphandle. Le mizekelo yamazwe ngamazwe inganika izifundo kumthetho we-U.S.

Ulwalathiso Nemikhwa Eza Kuvela Kwixesha Elizayo

Njengoko ubugcisa butshintshayo kwaye busiya buqonda intlalo-ntle, imithetho elawula ikhompyutha isenokuqhubeka ijikeleza. Imeko ezininzi zifanele ziphawulwe:

  • Uxinzelelo oluthe kratya lwesizwe: luyanda ukuze iKhomishini idlulise umthetho obanzi ochasene ne-cyberbul oya kunikezela ngemigangatho yesizwe, ingakumbi kwiimeko ezibandakanya abantwana. Uhlongozwayo “Umthetho othintela i-Cyberbullic ." uphinde wabuyiselwa kwiintlanganiso ezininzi kodwa awukaqhubeki phambili.
  • Focus kwi-enzulu kunye ne-II-generated surses: izixhobo ze-II ezisetyenziswayo zingadala iividiyo zenkohliso, isandi, kunye nemifanekiso esetyenziswa kwikhompyutha engekho mthethweni kunye nempindezelo. Abaququzeleli baqala ukuthetha ngemibhobho engeyo-enzayo, kunye namanye amazwe asele edlulisa imithetho echasene nosasazo lwabo. Inzala yentlalo iyakhula ngokufanayo.
  • Amalungelo eCivil kunye nonyuselo lolwaphulo-mthetho lwentiyo: Ukunyanzela ukuba amaxhoba abantu asekelwe kuhlanga, kunqulo, isini, okanye imbonakalo yesini asenokugwetywa phantsi kwemithetho yolwaphulo-mthetho ekuthiyileyo. Amazwana amaninzi aye anyusa izigwebo zokuphembelela i-intanethi esukthayo, kwaye imithetho yentiyo yezolwaphulo-mthetho ingasebenza xa ukuhlasela kubandakanya izisongelo okanye ugonyamelo.
  • Ukunyanzelisa ngokuqhubekayo kwisohlwayo: Iingcali zixhasa ngokukhulayo ukubuyiselwa kweenkqubo zobulungisa kunye nemfundo yobumi yamanani kunokuba zisohlwayo nje solwaphulo-mthetho. Amazwe anjengoMaine noVermont aye agxininisa kakhulu kungenelelo lwemfundo, eqonda ukuba ulutsha oluninzi lubandakanyeka kwi-intanethi lungaqondi iziphumo zayo.
  • ukhuseleko lwangasese lwabafundi kunye nokhuseleko: Njengokuba izikolo ziqokelela ugcino-lwazi olungakumbi lwendlela yokuziphatha yabafundi, imibuzo ephathelele ukuzimela nokuhlola iya ingxamiseka. Imithetho yexesha elizayo ingafuna ukulungelelanisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-software yokuhlola kunye namalungelo abafundi ukuba bakhululeke ekuphazameni okungekho ngqiqweni.

Isiphelo

Ukuhlasela okungekho mthethweni kunye ne-intanethi zingxaki entsonkothileyo ezixhathisa izisombululo ezilula zomthetho. Iindlu zowiso-mthetho zikarhulumente beziyimibutho yokuqala yemithetho echasene ne-cyberbulbul, idala umsebenzi owahlukeneyo kodwa owahlukeneyo wokhuseleko. Imithetho yomanyano inika izixhobo ezibalulekileyo kwiimeko ezinzima kodwa ishiya izikhewu ezininzi. Izikolo, iinkampani zobugcisa, nokunyanzelisa umthetho inxalenye nganye ebalulekileyo, kodwa ukulungelelanisa kusel

Ukuhambela phambili, abaququzeleli benkqubo bazakufuna ukulungelelanisa ukusetyenziswa kwendlela ekhululekileyo nemfuno engxamisekileyo yokukhusela abantu ababuthathaka, ingakumbi abancinane. Ukuhlaziya iinkcazelo ezingokwasemthethweni ukuphendula ngobugcisa obutsha, ukuphucula ugcino-mthetho, kunye nokukhuthaza intsebenziswano kwiingingqi zolawulo kuya kuba yimfuneko. Nangona kungekho mthetho onokuphelisa ukusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo kwekhompyutha, umthetho onengqondo unganciphisa ukuxhathisa kwawo kwaye uqinisekise ukuba amaxhoba aneendlela zokulungisa. Indaleko yale mithetho eqhubekayo ibonisa isibopho esibanzi sokwenza ihlabathi likhuseleke wonke umntu.

[[FLT:] izibonelelo zolwakhiwo: Kumthetho wakutshanje wezwe nowesizwe, tyelela iNgqungquthela yesizwe yeSizwe yoMasipala-mthetho weSizwe. ISebe lezeMpilo nezoBuntu ligcina isikhokelo esibanzi ku [[FLT:]. [[FLT] [[FLT]] i-'v[FLT':4]. Uhlalutyo olusemthethweni lwemeko ze-ICT, lujonge i-[[FLT:] oluthelekeleleyo [[FLT]] [FLT]]. Ulwazi malunga noMthetho we-DPALT lulukhoyo [FFFLT:]