Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, izikolo zasekuhlaleni kulo lonke ilizwe ziye zenza inkqubela ngesiquphe ekudaleni imeko-bume apho umfundi ngamnye eziva ekhuselekile, ehlonelwa, kwaye exabisekile. Iinkqubo zokulwa nolwaphulo-mthetho zisemgangathweni wezi migudu, zisebenza njengesiseko esithintela ukukhathazwa nokucalucalulwa okusekelwe kuhlanga, ubuhlanga, ubufana, ubuni, imbonakalo yesondo, unqulo, ukukhubazeka, okanye ukulawulwa kwentlalo yezoqoqosho. Le migaqo-nkqubo ayiyo kuphela imigaqo-mthetho ekwakheni iprojectal symental sy //izinto ezikhoyo ezithi zikhuthaza imfundo, imigaqo-mfundo, kunye nomgangatho wokufundisa. Njengoko abantu besiya beba nolwa ngokwahlukene kwaye besazi, izikolo ziyayijonga kwakhona indlela abazenza ngayo kwaye bezinyanze ngayo ezi zinto ukuze baqinisekise ukuba baguqule, iziphumo ezi zinto ziphumelele.

Ukuqonda Imilinganiselo Echasene Nokungavumelani Nezikolo

Imigaqo elwa nocalucalulo ingumthetho osemthethweni osetyenziswa zisithili zesikolo ukukhusela ukuphathwa ngokungekho sikweni nokuqinisekisa ukufumaneka ngokulinganayo kumathuba emfundo. Zisekelwe kwimithetho karhulumente enjengeSiHloko VI soMthetho wamaLungelo ka-1964, ethintela ucalucalulo ngesizinzi sohlanga, umbala, okanye imvelaphi yesizwe; iSihlomelo IX, esikhusela ukucalucalulwa ngokwesini; kunye neMithetho yezemfundo ekhubazekileyo (IDEA), egunyazisa iinkonzo ezifanelekileyo kubafundi abaneziphene. Amazwe amaninzi kunye nemimandla iye yamisela ukhuseleko olongezelelekileyo, ingakumbi kuLBTQ nabafundi kunye nakwabo baphambukeli.

Le nkqubo ichaza indlela yokuziphatha engavumelekanga `njengentlonipho, usongelo, ukukhutshwa, kunye nekhompyutha esetyenziswayo qha ichaza iinkqubo ezicacileyo zokunika ingxelo neziphumo. Kodwa imigaqo-nkqubo esebenzayo idlula ngaphaya kwesohlwayo. Iquka amanyathelo asebenzayo: inkqubela-phambili yabasebenzi, iziphumo zezifundo eziquka, imigaqo yokulungisa imigaqo yokulunga, kunye nenkxaso ethetha ngezizathu ezisisiseko zocalucalucalulo. Izikolo eziphatha ukulwa nokrwano njengomgangatho ongundoqo kunokuba i-CRPGP ibone ukuncitshiswa kwezenzo zokungcungcutheza, ukuphuculwa kwezifundo, ulwalamano oluseziko, kunye nolwalamano olunamandla phakathi kwabafundi abavela kwiimvelaphi ezahlukeneyo.

Xa ujongisisa ngokunzulu ngelizwe elisemthethweni, iSebe lemfundo ye-Ofisi ye-Fomati Yoluntu linika ukhokelo kwimfuno zorhulumente kunye noqheliselo olulunge ngakumbi lokuthintela ucalulo kwizicwangciso zemfundo.

Ukubaluleka Kokulwa Nocalucalulo Ukuze Umfundi Aphumelele

Uphando oluqhubekayo lubonisa ukuba abafundi bafunda kakuhle xa beziva bekhuselekile emzimbeni nasemzimbeni. /ukucinezeleka okanye ukucinezela okungaqondakaliyo) uxinezeleko lwetyhefu oluphazamisa ukunikela ingqalelo, ukuhlisa i-esteement, kunye nokwandisa ukungahambi. Kubafundi abakwimiqathango ecuthekileyo, ukuchanabeka ngokuphinda-phindeneyo kwingxaki yempilo yengqondo, ukukhutshwa kwesikolo, kunye nomngcipheko omkhulu wokuyeka ukuphuma esikolweni. Imigaqo yokuzikhusela ekuphazamiseni le mijikelezo yezo ngxaki.

Xa izikolo ziphumeza imilinganiselo enamandla, ebonakalayo echasene nongquzulwano, iinzuzo zidlulela ngaphaya komfundi ngamnye. Imozulu yesikolo ekhuthazayo eboniswa yintlonelo kwaye ibandakanya ikhokelela kwimisebenzi yemfundo ephezulu, iziganeko zoqeqesho ezincinci, kunye nobungqina obuninzi bomzali kunye noluntu. Ngaphezu koko, le nkqubo ilungiselela abafundi ukuba bafumane imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kunye nebutho labantu, babafundise ubuchule bovelwano, izisombululo, kunye nonxibelelwano oluphakathi kombutho wemfundo. Ngokwengxelo yama-2023 ye-2023 yeSikolo semfundo, izikolo ezinemigaqo ebanzi elwa nongquzulano-lu nxamnye nolwaphulo-mthetho yabika izihlandlo ezingama-25% ezingephi nakuhlaselwa kwanee-15%, ukukhula kwengqiqo yabafundi yokungamelelwa.

Izikolo ezityeshelayo le migaqo zibeka engozini ityala elingokwasemthethweni, ukuphulukana nokuthenjwa nguwonke-wonke, kunye nokuqhubekeka kobuGcisa obuyingozi. Ngokwahlukileyo, imiqondiso esebenzayo kubafundi, iintsapho, kunye nabasebenzi abalinganayo ingumsebenzi ophambili ongenakuthelekelelwa. Ugcino-lwazi olungakumbi oluchaphazela imozulu yesikolo kwiziphumo zokufunda, inkqubo yolutsha oluphilileyo lweCDC [ inika uphando kunye noncedo kwizinto ezikhusela imozulu yesikolo kwiziphumo zemfundo, inkqubo yolutsha olusekholitiki.

Ubuchule bokusebenzisa

Ukuguqulela iinkqubo zokulwa nocalucalulo kuqheliselo lwemihla ngemihla kufuna ubuchule bokuzithandela, obulayishwe ngezixhobo ezininzi. Izikolo eziphumeleleyo ziphatha ukuphunyezwa kungesiso isiganeko sexesha elinye kodwa njengenkqubo eqhubekayo yokubonakalisa, imfundo, kunye nokuziqhelanisa. Iindawo ezintathu ezingundoqo zidla ngokwenza isiseko semigudu ephumelelayo: uphuhliso lwenkqubo, uqeqesho, kunye nenkxaso kwiinkqubo.

Uphuhliso lomgaqo-nkqubo onika ingqwalaselo

Ukuphuhlisa inkqubo eyomeleleyo yokulwa nocalucalulo iqala ngokusebenzisana okuqulethweyo. Izikolo ezibandakanya uludwe olwahlukeneyo lwabafaki-nxaxheba/oootitshala, abafundisi-magcisa, abalawuli, abaququzeleli bentlalo-ntle, kunye neengcali ezisemthethweni. Le nkqubo kufuneka iquke uhlolo logcino-lwazi olukhoyo lokwahlulwa koqeqesho, uphando lwabafundi ngamava abo, kunye nokufunda imigaqo-nkqubo yemodeli evela kwimimandla eneerekhodi ezingqinelani.

Imigaqo esebenzayo ichaza ngokucacileyo oko kukuthi luluphi ucalulo, ukuhlupha, nokuziphindezela. Zinika imizekelo ecacileyo yokunceda abafundisi-mfundo kunye nabafundi bayazi ukuba ayifuni ukuphumelela indlela yokuziphatha. Zikwachaza iziphumo ezigxininisa imfundo engaphaya kwesohlwayo, njengoqeqesho olunyanzelekileyo lwabaphula umthetho, abahlaziyi, kunye nolawulo lwe-media. Okubalulekileyo, imigaqo-nkqubo kufuneka idluliselwe kulwimi olufikelelekayo", ibhalwe ziintsapho ezikwisithilini, kwaye ibekwe ngokuphakal'intloko kwizikolo, kwiiwebhsayithi, nakwizincwadi zabafundi. Imijikelezo yonyaka iqinisekisa ukuba imigaqo yemithetho elawulayo, imitshini esetyenziswayo, kunye nokuphendula koluntu.

Uqeqesho Nemfundo

Kwanomgaqo ongcono awusebenzi ukuba abasebenzi nabafundi abangakwaziyo ukuyisebenzisa. Uqeqesho kufuneka luqhubeke luquka izinto ezininzi, luqhubeke, luze ludityaniselwe kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Bonke abasebenzi bezikolo / `abafundisi, abacebisi, abasebenzi bekhefi, abaqhubi beebhasi, kunye nabalawuli-oomatiloshe-madlele------aphonopho kufuneka bafumane uqeqesho lokuqala nonyaka wokuqaphela ikhethe elicacileyo, ukungenelela kwiziganeko zokungathobeki, kunye nokuxhasa abafundi abachaphazelekayo. Uhlolisiso lwama 20222 olupapashwa kwiJournal of School Violencel lufumanise ukuba izikolo ezinemfundo yaminyaka yonke esekelwe kwingqeqesho yabasebenzi abaxhaphaza i-40% zibone ukuncipha kweziganeko ezixeliweyo zokuxhaphaza abagxabisiweyo.

Imfundo yabafundi ibalulekile ngokulinganayo. Izifundo zabafundi ezifanelekileyo zeminyaka zinokuquka izifundo ezingelulo lweklasi, ukufundwa kwezixhobo zezixhobo zekhompyutha, imbali kunye neenkqubo zocalulo, kunye nobuchule bokuma njengentsebenziswano. Isithili ezininzi zifumana iinkqubo ezifana zobulungisa (okwangaphambili ukufundisa ngokunyamezelana), ezinika ubuncwane besikolo obukhululekileyo kunye neemodyuli zemfundo yobugcisa. Izikolo zisenokudibanisa imixholo echasene nolwaphulo-mthetho kwizifundo zentlalo, uncwadi, kunye neeklasi zezempilo. Izithethi, iindibano zabafundi, neenkqubo zemfundo yoontanga zinokuqinisa ngakumbi umyalezo wokuba ucalucalucalucalulo alwayo kwaye bonke abafundi banendima ekuveliseni kwesikolo esisukrwe.

Ukudala iinkqubo zenkxaso

Isixokelelwano sokuxhasa siqinisekisa ukuba abafundi abacalucalulwayo, kunye nabo bayiboneyo, banokufumana iindlela ezikhuselekileyo, eziyimfihlo zokunikela ingxelo nokuphilisa. Izikolo kufuneka zimisele iindlela ezicacileyo, ezingachazwanga, ezifana neefomu ze-intanethi okanye abantu abadala abathembekileyo, ngoko abafundi banokuxela iziganeko ngaphandle koloyiko lokuziphindezela. Ngesinye isihlandlo kwenziwa ingxelo, iqela eliqeqeshiweyo (iiqela eliquka abacebisi, abalawuli, kwaye mhlawumbi abaxhasi abangaphandle) baphengululi ngokufanelekileyo kwaye banikezele inkxaso efanelekileyo.

Amaqela axhasayo kunye nee-club zonxibelelwano anika abafundi izithuba ezisemgangathweni ukunxibelelana noontanga abanolwazi olufanayo kunye namava. Umzekelo, i-Gder-Swediality Alliance (GSA) ingaba luncedo kubafundi abanolwazi lwe-LGBTQ+, ngelixa imanyano yabafundi yezizwe ngezizwe inokuba nemihla ngemihla ibhiyozela ukwahlukahlukana nokuxhasa inkqubo yenkqubela phambili. Untanga ucebisa abafundi abadala kunye nabancinane abanokunikela ukhokelo olunentlonelo kunye noncedo lwempilo yengqondo olusekelwe kwimfundo esekelwe kwizifundo zobugxwayiso oluqhelekileyo, ibalulekile ekuchazeni inani localuvo-calulo. Iinqanawa zoluntu kunye nemibutho yasekuhlaleni ye-NACPP, uGenearcendial, okanye amaqela e-Damswords arcentiant

Ucelomngeni Ekuphumezeni Imigaqo Echasene Nocalulo

Phezu kwako nje ukunyuka kwesibopho, izikolo zijongene nemiqobo ebalulekileyo ekuphumezeni okuphumelelayo. Olunye ucelomngeni oluzingisileyo kukuxhathisa okuvela kumacandelo oluntu. Abanye abazali okanye amalungu ebhodi asenokujonga iinkqubo zokulwa nocalulo-calulo njengezingayimfuneko okanye njengokwamkelwa kwamaxabiso athile, ingakumbi xa imigaqo ithetha ngokwaziwa kwesini, imbonakalo yesondo, okanye iingcamango ezinxulumene nohlanga ezifana nenkcaso yohlanga. Oku kungabonakala kwiintlanganiso zebhodi yesikolo ezishushu, ukubiza ukuvala iincwadi ezithile okanye isikolo semfundo, kunye noxinzelelo lokuthomalalisa imigaqo ethile.

Omnye umqobo ongundoqo yinkxaso-mali kunye nezibonelelo. Iinkqubo zoqeqesho olunenkxaso-mali, abasebenzi bempilo yengqondo, kunye nezinto zokufundisa ngokwentlalo-mbini zifuna utyalo-mali oluthi uninzi lwezikolo eziphantsi kwentlawulo ezingekhoyo. Naxa kufumaneka imali, ikhuphisana nezinto eziphambili zokwenza uvavanyo, ulungiso lwesiseko, okanye ubugcisa bokuhlaziywa kwemali, kunyanzeliswe umsebenzi wokulwa norhwaphilizo kwimida.

Ukunyanzeliswa kunokubangela imingeni. Abanye abasebenzi basenokungabi nantembelo okanye ubuchule bokungenelela ngokuphumelelayo. Abanye abalawuli bokoyika iziphumo ezisemthethweni okanye ukubuyiselwa koluntu ukuba banyanzelisa iinkqubo ngokungqongqo. Kunokubakho ukungaguquguquki kwiiklasi nakwizakhiwo, ukucutha ukuthembana. Ngaphezu koko, abafundi bangathandabuza ukuxela iziganeko kuba bethandabuza ukuba nantoni na iza kwenziwa okanye ngenxa yokuba bexhalabele ukubhalwa kwegama elithile. Izikolo zifuna ukuqokelelwa kogcino-lwazi olucacileyo kunye nokuphenduliswa kwemiqathango yogcino-lwazi kwiziganeko zogcino-rekhodi, iipasethi zemiyalelo, kunye nokusebenza kwemigaqo. Ngaphandle kwezi zinto, ukusetyenziswa kwemisebenzi kuhlala kungalingani.

Ekugqibeleni, ukusoloko kutshintsha indlela yocalucalulo olusoloko lukhona ```ii-ibrobhaki, imicrobugrogrisi, kunye nocalucalulo lwe-algorith's'' kufuneka ziqhubeke zilungelelanisa. Izikolo ezingakwaziyo ukuhlaziya umngcipheko wazo zisuka kwiintlobo ezintsha zomonakalo. Ukulungiselela isikhokelo esiluncedo sokuthetha nge-intanethi kunye nobumi bamanani, i-website ye-CMENT Imfundo ye-[ inika abafundisi izinto eziluncedo ezifumaneka ngesisa.

Ukoyisa Ucelomngeni: Obona Buqheliso Buhle Bakwiisithili Eziphambili

Izikolo nezithili eziphambili ezicingayo zifumene iindlela zokufumana le miqobo. Olunye uqheliso olungcono kukulungiselela umsebenzi ochasene nokonakalisa imilinganiselo yemfundo. Xa iinkokeli zigxininisa ukuba izikolo eziquka abafundi bavelisa iziphumo ezingcono kubo bonke abafundi //ukuya phambili, amanani aphezulu ekholeji, kunye nobuchule obunamandla bobomi bentlalo-ntle. Ukudibanisa umzali noluntu kusemgangathweni kunciphisa ukuxhathisa nokuthenga intlukwano.

Enye indlela ephumelelayo kukufundisa ngokuchasene nokonakalisa okukhoyo kwimimiselo ekhoyo njenge-Ivisitical Behavior Intervenitions kunye nenkxaso (PBIS) okanye i-Social-Emotionaling Learning (SEL). Endaweni yokuphatha ukulwa ne-bias njengenyathelo elahlukileyo lokuqalisa, izikolo zingadibanisa intlonelo, uvelwano, kunye nokungaguquguquki kwimikhwa yemihla ngemihla, izivumelwano zegumbi, kunye nemithetho yokulungisa ingxabano. Oku kunciphisa isisombululo kwaye kwenza ukuziphatha okuqhelekileyo okulindelekileyo.

Iisithili ezibeka phambili uluntu lwemfundo yobuchule (PLC) ukuze abafundisi- ntsapho bahlole imiba yokucalucalulo nokungalingani zibone inkqubela eqhubekayo. Abafundisi-mfundo bafuna amathuba aqhubekayo okuqwalasela ubukho babo, bahlolisise inkcazelo yengqeqesho efuna ukungacalucalulwa, kwaye babelane ngeenkqubo zokuyila amagumbi okufundela asabelayo ngokwenkcubeko. Uqeqesho loontanga nokuhamba ngezolawulo olunika ingxelo kwimisebenzi equka ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kolwa nokonakalisa.

Mhlawumbi ilizwi labafundi lisesona sixhobo sinamandla sokoyisa ukuxhathisa. Xa abafundi bekhokela amanyathelo okuthetha nge-almni (enokuba kubafundi abasebenzisa ibhodi elinganayo, inkqubo yokunxibelelana koontanga, okanye iphulo lomanyano lokufundisa elibanzi) badla ngokucenga abantu abadala abasenokuba bathandabuza. Abantu abadala bafunda kumava aphilayo abafundi babo. Izikolo ziyakwazi ukumema ualmni ongenelwe kwimigaqo epheleleyo yokuthetha kwiziganeko zasekuhlaleni, ebonisa iziphumo ezintle ezithe . Uhlolisiso lwa 2024 lweYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, iLos Angeles lufumanise ukuba izikolo ezineekomiti ezikhutheleyo ezilwahlukeneyo zabona unciphiso lwe-30% kwinkcasotho lobuhlanga kwiminyaka emibini.

Okokugqibela, umanyano nemibutho esemthethweni yokukhusela i-athovocation lunganikezela ngobuchule obuninzi kunye noncedo lwezithili zokuhamba kumhlaba onzima womthetho. ACLU’s Ulwazi iphepha Lakho lamaLungelo kubafundi [ luluncedo olubalulekileyo lokuqonda ukhuseleko lwamagunya kunye nezikolo ezinetyala. Ngokusebenzisa ezi nkxaso zangaphandle, izikolo zingaqinisa iinkqubo zazo ngaphandle kokuthwala umthwalo opheleleyo.

Indlela ephambili: Ukuxhasa imomementum kunye nempembelelo yokulinganisa

Ukwenziwa kovavanyo lwemozulu oluphelisa iziphumo zohlanga, ubufanasini, ukukhubazeka, kunye nezinye ii-MFUMMMM. Izikolo kufuneka zibophelele ukuqwalasela nokuhlaziya iinkqubo zazo ezilwa nokonakalisa-guquko ezisekelwe kwimpendulo, kwi-data, nakutshintsho kwiimfuno zomthetho okanye zoluntu. Uhlolisiso lwemozulu olwenza kungabikho ngaphaya kweziphumo zohlanga, ubufana, ubulwesi, ukukhubazeka, kunye nezinye izikolo kufuneka zivumele izikolo ukuba zibone izithuba zenkqubela. Ukubelana ezi ziphumo ngokucacileyo nabafundi, iintsapho, kunye nabasebenzi kwakha ukuthemba kunye nokuziphendulela.

Kufuneka kuqaliswe inkqubela yobugcisa ngonyaka, kungekhona nje ngexesha lokubotshwa kwebhodi. Imixholo emitsha enjengenkxaso yokuguqula igesi kunye nezifundo ezingangeni bhini, ukuthetha ngokuchasene ne-Islamsophobia, okanye ukuvuma ukuba impumelelo (ukukwazi) ukufundiswa nyaka ngamnye ukuze kugcinwe abasebenzi. Abafundi kufuneka baphinde bahlolwe ukubonakalisa iziganeko zangoku kunye nolwimi olugqwethekileyo. Umzekelo, izikolo ezininzi ziye zandisa izifundo ngokuchasana nocaluvo olucacileyo kunye nokuncitshiswa kwemicrope.

Ukubhiyozela impumelelo kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe inkqubela. Izikolo zingahlonela abafundi, abasebenzi, kunye namalungu oluntu abonisa amaxabiso aqukayo ngezabelo okanye ngokwazisa kukawonke-wonke. Ukubhiyozela iinyanga zelifa, ezifana neBlack History Month, i-Linder Month, kunye ne-Diatebrability Meon, kunye neziganeko zesikolo ezibanzi ziqinisa umyalezo wokuba ukwahlukahlukana kunamandla. Le mibhiyozo kufuneka ibe yeyokwenyaniso neyokungasetyenziswa, ibandakanya imisebenzi elungiselelwe abafundi, izithethi ezityelelo, kunye nolwando.

Ekugqibeleni, ezona nkqubo zisebenzayo zokulwa nokungavumelani ziquka iinguqu zesikolo zemihla ngemihla, qha, zingaba ngamaxwebhu nje afakwe kwisixhobo sokubophelela. Aphila ngendlela umfundisi- ntsapho athetha ngayo isimela-mfo, ngendlela umcebisi asabela ngayo kwingxelo yokungcungcuthekiswa, kwiincwadi ezikhoyo kwithala leencwadi, nakulwimi olusetyenziswa kusasa. Ngokuzibophelela kwinkqubela eqhubekayo kunye nentsebenziswano yokwenene, izikolo zasekuhlaleni zingasizalisekisa isithembiso sazo sokulungiselela intelekelelo, elinganayo, nesokukhuthaza imfundo yomntwana ngamnye.

Isiphelo

Iinkqubo zokulwa nocalucalulo zingaphezulu kakhulu kunemithetho − zingummiselo wokuziphatha nowokusebenza kwinzuzo yomfundi ngamnye. Izikolo zobulali ezizityand ’ igila kuphuhliso lwenkqubo, uqeqesho olomeleleyo, kunye nemigaqo exhasayo zidala imekobume apho bonke abantu abaselula banokufunda, bakhule, baqhubeke bephumelela. Ngelixesha imingeni efana nokuxhathisa kwebutho labantu, inkxaso elinganiselweyo, kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziswayo zoluntu, ubungqina bucacile: ukusebenza, ukuqulungela ukuncitshiswa kwengozi, ukuphucula iziphumo zemfundo, kunye nokulungiselela abafundi ukuba babe nehlabathi elikwizinto ezininzi.

Ngokwabelana ngemisebenzi engcono yokuyila inkqubo engoonontlalo-mbini, inkqubela-phambili yemfundo eqhubekayo, uphuhliso lwabafundi, uphuhliso logcino-lwazi, nokuphendula ngokucace gca ngaphaya kwemeko-lwazi (----------------zikolo zingaguqula iinkqubo zazo ezilwa nolwaphulo-mthetho kwizithembiso zephepha zibe zizinto ezikhoyo. Olu hambo alulula, kodwa lubalulekile. Iingingqi ezixhasa izikolo zazo kulo msebenzi azilwakhi nje iinkqubo zemfundo ezingcono kodwa zifanele ziphucule ibutho labantu abafundisayo elifanelekileyo. Kubafundisi, abazali, neenkokeli ezilungele ukuthatha inyathelo elilandelayo, imithombo efana nokufunda ngeJaklu, neCDC inikela ukhokelo olusebenzisekayo. Ixesha lokusebenza ngoku, kuba abafundi bonke bafanele ukufumana isikolo apho bekhuselekile, bahlonelwe, kwaye bahlonelwe.