Umsantsa weSebe weSebe uhlala ulucelomngeni olusemgangathweni lwemfundo yeK-12

Ukutshintshela kwimfundo yebanga elide ngequbuliso kulwazi lwama-2020 kubhenca imithambo-luvo engaqhelekanga kwimfundo yaseMerika: Izigidi zabafundi zatshixelwa ngaphandle kwegumbi lokufundela ngenxa yokuba bezingenalo uqhagamshelwano oluthembekileyo okanye isixhobo sobuqu. Ngoxa izikolo zibuyele kwimfundo ye-internet, ulwahlulo lwamanani alukhange lunyamalale. Luye lwasuka nje lwayimo entsha. Izifunda zesikolo, ngokufuthi ezinemiqathango elinganiselweyo kunye noxinzelelo olukhulu, ziye zafumana isiqaqa sesinye semiqobo yemiqobo kwimfundo yanamhlanje. Umsebenzi awusasebenzi malunga nokuphendula ngokwexesha likaxakeka, ukusetyenziswa kwemisebenzi yezo manani.

Ukuphinda Umahluko Wamanani: Ungaphezu Kwezixhobo Zokulwa

Ngokwembali, ulwahlulo lwamanani lwachazwa ngezibini ezilula: iintsapho ezinekhompyutha kunye nonikezelo lwe-Internet kunye nezingekhoyo. Le nkcazelo ayisanele. Ulwahlulo lwamanani lwangoku luyintlu-ntlobo yesixhobo esidibanisa ubuchule bokungafundi, ubunjani, kunye nokufunda kwamanani. Umfundi usebenzisa i-cell phone yomzali ukubhala iphepha ujongene nomqobo owahlukileyo kakhulu kunowokuchwetheza kwilapsi yesikolo kunye nonxibelelwano lwemicu ekhayeni.

Izikolo zasekuhlaleni ngoku zijamelene nolu celomngeni luthathu:

  1. [[Unikezelo olubukhali: 0] Unikezelo oluthe ngqo: Ingaba abafundi banesixhobo esinikezelweyo (ilaptop okanye iplagi) kunye ne-intanethi ebanzi ekhaya?
  2. Izikhombisi zonikezelo: Ingaba abafundi neentsapho zabo banobuchule obusisiseko obufunekayo ekusebenziseni izixhobo zamanani ekufundeni, kunxibelelwano, nasemsebenzini?
  3. [[UMTL:0] Unikezelo lwe-uage: Ingaba abafundi banikwe amandla okusebenzisa ubugcisa kwindalo ezimeleyo, enentsingiselo kunokusebenzisa nje into ethile okanye ukuvavanya uvavanyo?

Ukubhekisa kumaleko wokuqala kuphela kukupheka kokungaphumeleli. Olona cwangciso lomgangatho wesithili lusebenzayo lunyanga zonke iimaleko ezintathu njengezixhomekeke kwilungu elixhomekeke kwisicwangciso esinye somlinganiselo wamanani.

Isixhobo Esilawula Ikhompyutha: Indlela Izikolo Ezisixaba Ngayo 1:1 Iinkqubo

Isifo sabangela iliza elingakaze libonwe. Ngobusuku, izithili ezazisebenzisa imodeli ye-opera esekelwe kwi-labhu zatshintshelwa ukuthatha ikhaya 1:1 yeenkqubo. Ucelomngeni lobukho belizwe olubandakanyekileyo lwalusothusa, kwaye uninzi lwaloo mingeni ihlala isembindini kuqingqo-mali olusebenzayo namhlanje.

Ukhuseleko kunye noMgangatho

Izithili zifunde izifundo ezinzima malunga nokwahlulwa kwezixhobo. Ulawulo lwemikhosi yezixhobo ezidityanisiweyo kunye nomgangatho wobudala benza ubugcisa obuphezulu obubangela ukuba amasebe amancinci e-IT. Ngenxa yoko, isithili ezininzi zikwiqonga elinye. Ngokuqhelekileyo iiChromebook zolawulo kunye nexabiso eliphantsi, okanye ii-iPad ukwenzela iinkqubo ezithile zokufunda kwasekuqaleni.

Ulawulo lwebhayisekile yobomi nomjikelo wokubuyiselwa

Isixhobo esithengwe ngo-202020 sifikelela ekupheleni kobomi baso obusebenzisekayo. Umlinganiselo wobomi belaptop yesikolo esetyenziswayo yiminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu. Imimandla ngoku ibambene ne "device ware"." Imfuneko yokutshintsha amashumi amawaka eeyunithi ngexesha elinye. Ukulawula oku, amaphondo acinga phambili akha isixhobo sokubuyisela uqingqo-mali kunye nokudlula kwemilinganiselo yomanyano yasekuhlaleni eqingqo-mali eqingqwe ngokukhethekileyo ngokwemijikelo yobugcisa.

I-inshorensi yesixhobo kunye ne-Equtay

Enye yeenkupho ezithanda ukuxabana kakhulu ngumonakalo wezixhobo kunye nokulahleka. Isithili esifumileyo sidla ngokuhlawula iindleko zobugcisa ezihlawulela iindleko ze-inshorensi. Isithili esifumana imali ephantsi kufuneka sixhamle ezi ndleko okanye sibe semngciphekweni wokungangeni kubafundi kudweliso lwenkqubo. Ezinye isithili siye sasebenzisa iindleko zesikali ezityibilisi ezithenjiweyo ezidityaniswe kurhulumente ngesisa nangesantya esiphantsi. Ezinye ziye zaphosa iivenkile zokulungisa iinguqu zangaphakathi ezilungiselelwe ngabafundi, zibonelela uqeqesho lwemisebenzi kunye nogcino lwezixhobo ezinokufumaneka.

Ulawulo lwesixhobo esihambayo kunye nokhuseleko

Ukufuduka ukuthatha izixhobo zekhaya kunyanzelise izikolo ukuba zisebenzise izixhobo ze-Mobile Sixhobo esintsonkothileyo soLawulo (MDM). Ezi nkqubo zivumela amaqela i-IT ukuba anyanzelise uhlaziyo lwe-software, anyanzelise uhlaziyo lweweb, kunye nokucima amacebo alahlekileyo. Noko ke, zikwanyusa amaxhala ayimfihlo abafundi. Izithili kufuneka zilungelelanise imfuneko yokukhusela kumxholo oyingozi kunye noxanduva ukuba zingayeki kwimisebenzi yabo yokuzinzisa. Ngokucacileyo imigaqo-nkqubo yokusebenzisa eyamkelekileyo kunye nokukhanyisa kunye neentsapho ziyinxalenye ephumelelayo 1:1.

Unxibelelwano: Ukwakha Imibhobho Ekhaya

Ukuba izixhobo yi-hardware ye-equity, i-Internet isebenza ngendlela. Ngaphandle koqhagamshelwano olomeleleyo, i-laptop ingubunzima bamaphepha. Izikolo zivelise indlela edityanisiweyo ephinda-phindiweyo yokuvala isithuba sokudibanisa.

Ukwandisa i-E-rate yeZikolo

Inkqubo ye-Erate kazwelonke ihlala ingowona mthombo ubalulekileyo wenkxaso-mali yokunxibelelana kwezikolo. I-FCC, i-E-rate inika izinga eliphantsi lama-20% ukuya kuma-90% ekufikeleleni kwe-teknoloji nakwi-intanethi kwizikolo nakumathala eencwadi. Isithili sisebenzisa le mali ukunyusa ii-intanethi zazo zangaphakathi zinyuse iminxeba ephezulu kunye ne-Wi-Fi 6/6E, siqinisekisa ukuba xa abafundi bekwi-pluech, banesixhobo sokufaka izikolo.

[[FLT: 0] Inkqubo yesantya [[[FLT: 1] ibilibali elibalaseleyo lempumelelo, kodwa ngokwesithethe ijolise kwizakhiwo zesikolo. Isithuba somsebenzi wesikolo kufuneka sinwebe olo qhagamshelwano ngaphaya kodonga lwesikolo.

Uqhakamshelwano Lokudala: Ihotspots, Iibras, kunye Nenethwekhi ye Mesh

Izithili ziye zazama iindlela ezininzi zokuzicombulula ukuze abafundi bangene kwi - Internet xa bephuma ezikoleni:

  • Ithengisela amachaphaza ashushu: amathala eencwadi kunye namangingqi ezikolo zigcina iintsontela ezishushu ezinokukhangelwa ngabafundi njengeencwadi. Ngexa iphumelela, le ndlela ixhomekeke kwisalathisi, esihlala singathembekanga kwiindawo ezininzi zasemaphandleni.
  • Wi-Fi Esemavilini: Uduladula weSikolo yiqonga lendalo lokunxibelelana. Imimandla yesithili emaphandleni nasedolophini ixhobisa ooduladula ngemizila ehamba ngeeseli, ijika indlela ifumaneke ngokufunda nokunika indawo ye-oyile xa udula u-Ballalla Bridge Melicon School eCalinian ibhadish ebhabhabhabhabha bhlobha bhlo kwaye ithumele kwiipaki zenqwelo-mafutha ukuze abafundi bahlale ngaphandle baze badibanise kwiWi-Fi.
  • Inethwekhi ye-mesh e-community: Kuluntu apho abasebenzi be-intanethi ye-intanethi yezorhwebo (ISP) bengazimisele ukuhlawula, ezinye isithili zizenzela ii-mmeshs. Ezi nkqubo ziququzelelwayo zoluntu zisebenzisa uthotho lwee-radio ezibekwe phezu kophahla lwesikolo kunye namaziko oluntu ukugubungela ungiswano lwengingqi lwengi.
  • Iinqanawa ezisebenzisanayo ze-ISP: ziinguqu zomsebenzi wesambuku ezidubulayo kunye neenkampani ze-telecom ukunikezela ngemali esezantsi okanye "iindlela ezithenjiweyo" izicwangciso ze-intanethi yasekhaya yeentsapho ezibhaliselwe kwinkqubo yesidlo sasemini esikhululekileyo nesincitshisiweyo. Ezi ziko zidla ngokufuna i-ISP kwimisonto engenisa ugcino-lwazi kunye nemiqathango yokufakela, ezi zizizithintelo ezibalulekileyo kwiintsapho ezifumana imali ephantsi.

Isiphelo Senkqubo Yokudibanisa Enokufikeleleka

Ukuphela kwakutshanje kwenkqubo ye-Afford Incimetation karhulumente (ACP), enika ii-$30 encinci ngenyanga kwizindlu ezifumana imali ephantsi, ibangele ingxaki entsha. Izigidi zeentsapho ngoku zijongene "neliwa eliphantsi," zisenokuphulukana nofikelelo lwe-Internet ezalufumana ngexesha lesifo esimandundu. Izikolo zasekuhlaleni ngoku zizama ukuchonga ezinye imithombo yemali okanye i-ISP encinci yokugcina ezo intsapho zidibene. Oku kubalasene neziphumo ezinxulumeneyo ezixhomekeke kwimibutho enxulumeneyo emifutshane yemali kunezimeko zomthetho emifutshane kunenkqubo yexesha elide, yexesha elide.

Ukufunda Ngezigqibo: Ukuvala Ubuchule

Ukunika umfundi i-laptop ne-hotpot akuzenzekeli kudala imeko-bume yokufunda elinganayo. Abafundi abaninzi, ingakumbi abo bakwiintsapho apho abantu abadala banobuchule obuncinane, abangenalwazi olusisiseko kwimimandla efana nolawulo lwefayile, ukhuseleko lwe-intanethi, kunye nendlela yokukhangela ezisebenzayo. Izikolo zifundisa ngamanani amanani kwizifundo zazo ezingundoqo, zingayijongi njengendlela yokukhetha.

Inkxaso Yentsapho Neyabantu

Ulwahlulo lwamanani asiyongxaki yabafundi nje kuphela; yingxaki yentsapho. Abazali abanganelisekanga yiteknoloji abanakukuyixhasa ngokunempumelelo imfundo yabantwana babo. Izikolo ziyaphendula ngokufumana iindawo zokusebenzela abazali, zidala inkxaso yobugcisa eshushu esetyenziswa ngabafundi abakwimimandla eneelwimi ezimbini, kwaye zithumela ekhaya "Oomatiloshe abahamba ngenqanawa"/amalungu omsebenzi wabo kukutyelela amakhaya kunye neengxaki zokudibana kwabantwana okanye iziphumo zezixhobo. Le ndlela ye-holistic iyaqonda ukuba ukuxhasa abafundi abadala bemicikiliniki kwikhaya kunceda umfundi.

Ubumi bamanani obufudukayo

Ngaphandle kobuchule obusisiseko, izikolo zifundisa ubumi bamanani. Abafundi kufuneka baqonde indlela yokukhusela imfihlo yabo, ukuvavanya ukuthembeka kwemithombo ye-intanethi, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwimihlathi yamanani. Obu buchule bubalulekile kwizifundo zekholeji nakwindlela zomsebenzi zangoku. Ikhomon Conte Education jogics jogics [ uludwe lobumi bamazwe obuqhelekileyo luye lwamkelwa ngokubanzi zizikolo ezibhexeni ukuba zikwazi ukwenza le mfuneko.

Uphando Lwetyala Ekuguquleni Kwasekuhlaleni

Ingxubusho ecacileyo yenkqubo nemali iqwalaselwa ngumsebenzi ocacileyo nowokwenza izinto owenziwa kwisithili esiqengqelekileyo selizwe lonke. Le mizekelo ibonisa ukuba imeko-bume yasekuhlaleni ikhuthaza izicombululo zengingqi.

ISithili seSikolo esiManyeneyo seLandeni le-Coachella: IBuses njenge-Beacons

Ukusebenza kwingingqi yelizwe encinane, ephantsi kwengeniso ekhoyo kwintlango yaseKhalifoniya, iCoachella Valley Assissined kwafuneka imelwano enkulu yelizwe. Amakhaya amaninzi ayengenazo izibonelelo ezibanzi zebhanki ngokupheleleyo. Isisombululo sesithili saba yimodeli yesizwe: yafakelwa ngaphezulu kwekhulu leebhasi zesikolo kunye nee-Wi-Fiempears ezifumana imali ephezulu. Iibhasi zathunyelwa kwimiphakamo yekhaya kunye nemimandla ekude, zisenza amacandelo eWi-Fi. Abafundi babehlanganisana ngaphandle kwebhasi ukuze bagqibe umsebenzi wesikolo. Ucwangciso lwaluluphawu olubonakalayo lwezibondalo lokudubula umngxuma, ukuguqula ingeniso yesikolo ibe ngumgangatho woluntu.

ISebe lezemfundo kwisiXeko saseNew York: Ukusasazwa kwezixhobo ngomlinganiselo

Njengesona sikolo sikhulu kwelo lizwe, isiXeko saseNew York sajongana nentaba ebanzi. Ekuqaleni kwesifo, abafundi abamalunga nama-300,000 babengenaso isixhobo. Kwiiveki ezimbalwa, iDOE yasasazwa ngaphezu kwama-470,000 iPads kunye neeChromebooks. Isikali solu qeqesho sasifuna ukuqhubana namakhulukhulu ezikolo, ulawulo lwezikolo, ulwamkelo lwetsheyina oluntsonkothileyo, kunye nonxulumano kunye neenkampani zabucala. Ngoxa umqulu wawungabonwa kude nokungagqibeki kwe-snags , kwaye i-logarital snags .It yabonisa ukuba iinkqubo zesikolo zikawonke wonke zinokuhamba ngesantya esizimeleyo xa umsebenzi ufuna oko. Ucelomngeni oluqhubekayo lwe-NYC lususa ezo zixhobo kunye nolawulo olukhulu.

Ikhaya elidityanisiweyo le San Antonio: Imodeli ecacileyo yesixeko- Esine-Wide

I-San Antonio, Texas, yamkela indlela edibeneyo. Esi sixeko, isithili sesikolo, igunya lezindlu, kunye nabaxhasi be-Intanethi bobuqu badibana phantsi kwe- Inyathelo lokuqala lokudibanisa i HomeSA. Le nkqubo ibonelela ngeplani ye-intanethi esezantsi, izixhobo, kunye noqeqesho lweziko lokufunda nokubhala kumalungu ahlala kwizindlu zikawonke-wonke. Ngokudibanisa oovimba abakhoyo kunye nesilos phakathi korhulumente kamasipala kunye nenkqubo yesikolo, iSan Antonio yadala imodeli ecacileyo ethetha ngolwahlulo kumgangatho wendlu, iqinisekisa ukuba unxibelelwano aluyo nje inkonzo yesikolo kodwa umsebenzi wesixeko.

ISebe lifumana inkxaso-mali ekhoyo

Ulwahlulo lwamanani luzizibonelelo ezisisiseko kunye nomba wobuhlwempu, kwaye izikolo azinakuyicombulula iyodwa. Olona cwangciso lusebenzayo lwasekuhlaleni zezo ezihlala kurhulumente oxhasayo nakwinkqubo yemekobume yentlalo.

Imali exhotyisiweyo

Imali yeSikolo seMergency neseSixeko seCandelo seCandelo se-Emergency (ESSER) yanikezela ngentlupheko enkulu, ethatha ixesha elinye yemali esetyenziswa zimimandla ezininzi ukusungula iinkqubo zazo ze-active. Njengoko ezi mali ziphela, isithili sijongene "neliwa elinyusiweyo" Iinkqubo ezaqaliswayo ngemali ye-ESSER , njenge 1:1 iinkqubo zesixhobo kunye ne-patrops eziboleka `ikufuneka zifunyanwe kuqingqo lwemali olusisigxili okanye zinqunyulwe. Oku kuye kwanyanzela ukuba iingxubuzo ezinzima malunga nezinto eziphambili. Iinkokeli ezininzi zesikolo ziphikisa ukuba ukufikelela kwamanani akusebumnandi kodwa kusisibonelelo esingundoqo, njengokusetyenziswa kobushushu nombane.

Ulwenziwo lwale Mihla

Abaxhasi bobugcisa bemfundo baqhubela udweliso lwenkqubo ye-FCC ukulungiselela ukwenziwa kwe-E-rate ukuxhasa ngokucacileyo i-campus yoqhagamshelwano. Imithetho yangoku ixhasa kakhulu kwi-campus izibonelelo. Ukuvumela izimali ze-e-rate ukuba zisetyenziswe kwinkxaso-mali ye-intanethi, ukufunyanwa kwe-atmosfera, kwaye ii-minethwekhi zoluntu i-Wi-Fi-Fi zizakunikezela ngomsinga ozinzileyo, wemali yesizwe ukwenzela ukubhekisa kwisikhewu se-we-we-webstiki. Ii-[FLT] COSN (iN (iNkqum lomsebenzi womnathatho wesikolo somsebenzi we-Ncolo) ikhokela umgudu wokutsala inkxaso ngenxa yezi nguqulelo zenkqubo.

Izicwangciso zamanani amanani akwiqondo lombuso

Urhulumente omninzi uye waphuhlisa izicwangciso zawo zamanani ukuphendula kwinkxaso-mali yezentlalo-ntle. Ezi zicwangciso zidla ngokuquka ukwenza umgangatho obanzi we-ofisi ye-oyile ye-oyile, ukutyalwa kwezibonelelo eziphakathi ukuze kufikelelwe kwizikolo zasemaphandleni, nokuseka imigangatho yolwazi lwamanani yabafundi. Izikolo zasekuhlaleni ziphumelela kakhulu xa zikwazi ukufaka kwisakhiwo somgangatho karhulumente esinika uncedo lobugcisa, amandla okuthenga athengwa ngokungaguquguqukiyo, kunye nemali exhasayo.

Ukoyisa Izithintelo Ezizingisayo

Phezu kwako nje ubuchule nokuzinikela kweenkokeli zesikolo zasekuhlaleni, kusekho imiqobo ebalulekileyo.

  • Intlango ebanzi yeBhunga: kwiindawo ezininzi zasemaphandleni, ixabiso lokubeka ifiber libiza imali eninzi, kwaye ukugquma kweeseli kulinganiselwe. Izikolo kwezi ndawo zisoloko zisisiko se-ankile kuphela esinentsonkotha ephezulu, okwenza imodeli yesebe elisebumelwaneni ibe yeyona ibalulekileyo kodwa yanele ukufikelela jikelele.
  • [[NTL: 0] I-Cap Cap Dilem: Kwanaxa iintsapho zine-Intanethi yasekhaya, ii-cops zogcino-lwazi ezibekwe yi-ISP zinganqumla ukufikelela kwiveki yokugqibela yenyanga. Izikolo zikhuthaza ukupheliswa koonobumba bogcino-lwazi kwizicwangciso zemfundo, kodwa oku kusisivumelwano sokuzithandela se-ISP.
  • Uxanduva lokunikezela nokunikezela: uphazamiseko lwetsheyina lomhlaba wonke lufundise isithili ukuba ukufunyanwa kwesixhobo akusoloko kuthembekile. Abanikeli bomanyano kunye nogcino oluqinileyo lwenkqubo zolawulo lwezixaba baye baba yinto engundoqo yokukhuphisana ngenkokeli yesikolo.
  • Imfihlo yento efihlakeleyo: Ukwanda kwezixhobo ezikhutshiweyo zesikolo kunye namaqonga okufunda kwi-intanethi kuvelisa ubuninzi obukhulu be-data yomfundi. Izithili kufuneka zisebenzise iimfuno zomthetho ezintsonkothileyo phantsi kwe-FERPA kwaye zimisele imithetho yangasese yabafundi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ugcino-lwazi lusetyenziselwa iinjongo zokufundisa kwaye alusetyenziswanga ukukhangela okanye ukubhengeza okujoliswe kurhwebo.

Isiphumo: Ukususela kwiNkxaso yeMbali yeMbali ukusa ekuxhotyisweni kweZibonelelo

Ibali lokuba izikolo zasekuhlaleni zilungisa njani ulwahlulo lwamanani ekugqibeleni libali lokuziqhelanisa nokuzimisela. Kwiminyaka embalwa, isithili siye sathatha iimbopheleleko ebezingacingwanga kwangaphambili . Ukuqesha imisebenzi emikhulu yokusebenzisa isixhobo, ukunxibelelana neenkampani zesixhobo sombane, kunye nokwakha iinkqubo zoluntu iWi-Fi. Benze njalo ngenxa yokuba enye into, ishiya abafundi abangakhuselekanga ngasemva, ayamkelekanga.

Isigaba esilandelayo somsebenzi kufuneka utshintsho kulwamkelo longxamiseko kwimpendulo yotyalo-mali. Ukufikelela kwamanani asiyondawo yokuhlala yexeshana; kuyimfuneko ukuze kungenelwe ngokupheleleyo kwibutho lanamhlanje. Izikolo zasekuhlaleni ziza kuqhubeka zikhokela irhafu, kodwa zifuna amaqabane ade, abekwe ixesha elide kwisixeko, urhulumente, kunye nomgangatho worhulumente. Lo mda wesikolo somsebenzi wesikolo ungavalwa, kodwa kuphela ukuba umsebenzi uthathwa njengenxalenye esisigxina yesiseko semfundo kunokuba ube yingxaki ezakulawulwa de utshone umxholo olandelayo uphole.