Indima Ebalulekileyo Yezikolo Zasekuhlaleni Kwimfundo Yomzali Nakumalungiselelo

Izikolo zasekuhlaleni ziqalisile ukudlula uqeqesho lwazo lwemfundo yemfundo. Namhlanje, zisebenza njenge-ankile exhasa ngenkuthalo iintsapho ngokunikela imfundo ebanzi yobuzali kunye nobuninzi bemithombo yemali. Le ndima ikhulayo isekelwe ekuqondeni ukuba impumelelo yomntwana esikolweni inxulumene kakhulu nozinzo, ulwazi, kunye nenkxaso ekhoyo ekhaya. Ngokunika abazali ukhokelo olusekelwe kubungqina bokukhula kwabantwana, ulawulo lwesimilo, kunye nokuphumelela kwentsapho, izikolo zinceda ekubangeleni iindawo apho abafundi nabazali banokuphumelela khona. Eli nqaku lihlola iindlela ezininzi zezikolo ezixhasa imfundo kunye nezinto zokukhulisa abantwana, unxulumano olubangela ukuba kubekho, kunye nempembelelo entle kubantu abahlala kunye nabo.

Iinkqubo zemfundo zokukhulisa

Iinkqubo zemfundo yomzali ezinikelwa ngezikolo zasekuhlaleni ziphakathi kwezona nkxaso zifikelelekayo nezinempembelelo ezikhoyo kwiintsapho. Ezi nkqubo zenzelwe ukuxhobisa abazali ngobuchule obusebenzisekayo nangolwazi oluzihambelayo oluphucula ngokuthe ngqo iinkqubo zokukhulisa abantwana. Izikolo zinika iiklasi ezahlukahlukeneyo, kuquka iiklasi zangokuhlwa, iintlanganiso zempelaveki, neemodyuli ze-intanethi, ukuze kuhlaliswe izicwangciso ezahlukeneyo.

Imixholo yemifanekiso efihliweyo Igqunywe

ICurricula idla ngokuthetha ngemibandela emininzi ebalulekileyo yokukhulisa abantwana:

  • ukukhula komntwana nophuhliso – ukuzala ngexesha lokufikisa, kuquka iziganeko eziphambili, ukulibazisa kokukhula, kunye nolindelo olufanelekileyo lobudala.
  • [[Unxibelelwano olusebenzayo:0] unxibelelwano oluphumezayo kunye noqeqesho – ubuchule bokuqeqesha obufanelekileyo, uthungelwano olungenazo zenzo zogonyamelo, kunye namaqhinga okwakha ukuthembana nentlonelo.
  • [[UMTL:0] Isihe kunye nokhuseleko – isondlo, ucoceko lokulala, ukuthintela ukwenzakala, uncedo lokuqala, nokuqaphela iimpawu zokugula okanye uxinezeleko.
  • [[NT.:0] Ukufunda okungaphakathi – ukunceda abantwana balawule iimvakalelo, baqinise, bakhulise uvelwano.
  • Inkxaso engundoqo ekhaya – indlela yokuyila imekobume yokufunda elungileyo, uncedise ngomsebenzi wesikolo owenzelwa ekhaya, kwaye ukhuthaze ukufunda nokubhala nokubhala.
  • Ukukhuthaza iinkqubo zesikolo - Ukuqonda izicwangciso zomntu ngamnye zemfundo (IEPs), iinkonzo zemfundo ezikhethekileyo, kunye nokukhuthaza iimfuno zabantwana.

Izikolo ezininzi zisebenzisa iinkqubo zobudala obuthile (umz., ebuntwaneni, kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi, kwisiphakathi okanye kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo) yaye zisebenzisa iimfuno ezikhethekileyo zabantu abahlala apho, ezifana neeklasi eziqhutywa ngeelwimi ezininzi okanye abazali babantwana abaneziphene.

Indlela yokufikelela esekelwe kubungqina

Iinkqubo ezisebenzayo zisekelwe kuphando. Iinkqubo ezisekelwe kubungqina obuqhelekileyo obusetyenziswa kwizicwangciso zesikolo ziquka i- Triple P – Inkqubo Yokwandiswa Komzali, Iminyaka enokwenzeka[[, kunye nenkqubo yeentsapho] ekhuthaza uDialo lweMpawuni [[FLT:]]. Ezi mizekelo zibonise inkqubela-mvamde kwiziphumo zokuziphatha kwabantwana kunye nonciphiso kuxinzelelo lwabazali. Izikolo zidla ngokusebenza kunye neeyunivesithi zobulali-minyango, okanye imibutho engancediyo ekuphumeleni kwezi zifundo.

Umzekelo, isithili sesikolo singaqhuba ungcelele olukhululekileyo lweveki elishumi lweTriple P kubazali abancinane, sigqubuthela yonke into ukusuka kulawulo lokuzibhokoxa ukuya kuphuhlisa ulwimi. Uvavanyo oluvela kwiinkqubo ezinjalo lubonisa ukuthembeka kwabazali okuthe rhoqo kwaye lunciphise ukusebenzisa ingqeqesho engqongqo. (Kunye neenkqubo zobuzali ezisekelwe kubungqina obuninzi, bonani ubuncwane obuvela kwi CDC's Essentials for Parenting Toddlers and Preclers).

Ufikelelo kunye noXhaso

Izikolo zizama ukususa imiqobo ukuze zingenelele. Iinkqubo zidla ngokunikelwa ngaphandle kwexabiso okanye ngomlinganiselo wokutshebeleza. Ukwandisa ukubakho, izikolo zinganika abantwana ukhathalelo ngexesha lentlanganiso, zilungiselele isidlo sesidlo, okanye zinikele uncedo lwezothutho. Ukongeza, ukhetho olubonakalayo luvumela abazali abasebenza iiyure ezingekho mgangathweni okanye abahlala kwiindawo ezikude ukuba bathelele kuzo. Ngokuqhubekayo, izikolo zikwamkela iinkqubo ezisabelayo ngokwenkcubeko ngokubhalisa abasebenzi be-facillitator abasuka kuluntu nokunikela ngezinto zothutho ngeelwimi ezinjengeSpanish, isiMandarin, isiSomali, nesiVietnamese.

Ngokufundisa abantwana ngezinto eziphilayo esikolweni, amaziko abonisa ukuba ukufuna uncedo kubonisa ukuba uyaqina, akusileli. Oku kunciphisa ihlazo yaye kukhuthaza abazali abaninzi ukuba badlamke.

Inkxaso

Izikolo zisoloko zisebenza njengemibutho yeenkonzo ezahlukahlukeneyo zokuxhasa ezihlangabezana neemfuno zeentsapho. Le misebenzi idla ngokuququzelelwa ngabasebenzi bezentlalo-ntle, abacebisi, okanye amaziko eenkonzo eenkonzo ezisekholijini. Injongo kukususa imiqobo engeyoyayo ingeniso ukuze abantwana bafumane ulwazi ukuze balungele ukuphumelela esikolweni.

Ukululeka Neenkonzo Zempilo Yengqondo

Izikolo ezininzi zisebenzisa iingcali zempilo yengqondo ezigunyazisiweyo ezinokunikela amacebiso amafutshane kubafundi nabazali. Ukucebisana kwabazali kudla ngokugxila kwimibandela enjengenkxalabo, ukuhlangabezana nonxunguphalo, okanye ukuxilonga umntwana ngokwendlela acinga ngayo ngempilo yakhe. Ngaphezu koko, izikolo zinokubhekisela kwiingcali ezisekelwe ekuhlaleni okanye kwiinkqubo zonyango lwentsapho olunzulu xa kufuneka inkxaso yexesha elide.

Ukutya Okunesondlo Noncedo Lokutya

Izikolo zibandakanyeka ngokukhulayo kwimigudu yokutya. Ngapha koko kutyiwa ngokukhululekileyo nangamaphepha-thayi ancitshisiweyo, uninzi lwezicwangciso zokutyiwa kwengxowa, iindawo zokutya zasehlotyeni, kunye neebhekile zokutyela ezisekelwe esikolweni. Ezinye izikolo zinika abazali ingcebiso yezondlo okanye iklasi yokupheka, zifundisa indlela yokulungiselela ukutya okusempilweni ngoqingqo-malini. Xa umzali esazi ukuba umntwana wakhe akasayi kulamba, bayakwazi ukunikela amandla angakumbi ekuxhaseni imfundo yabo.

Ukuxilongwa kwempilo nokuthintelwa

Ukubona, ukuva, ukuxilonga amazinyo, nokuphuhliswa kwemithambo yezandla kudla ngokuqhutywa esikolweni. Kubazali abangayifumaniyo i-inshorensi yempilo okanye ugqirha othe rhoqo, ezi nkonzo ziyakwazi ukufanisa iingxaki zeentsapho zize zidibanise neentsapho nezonyango ezinokufikeleleka. Ezinye izikolo ezisebenzisa iikliniki zempilo zasekuhlaleni ziyakwazi ukukhusela abantu ukuba bagonywe okanye zivelise amaziko emfundo yempilo ngemibandela enjenge-asima kunye nokuthintelwa kokuchanabeka kwingozi.

Ulawulo loMngcipheko kunye noLawulo loLuntu

Abasebenzi besikolo basoloko besebenza njengabaphathi-majoni beentsapho ezijongene neengxaki ezinzima. Banceda abazali bafumane uncedo lwezindlu, uncedo oluphathekayo, uncedo olusemthethweni, okanye inkxaso yogonyamelo lwasekhaya. Ngokwakha ulwalamano lokuthembana, abasebenzi besikolo banokukhokela iintsapho kwiinkonzo zentlalo ezidla ngokudidayo, ukunciphisa uxinezeleko nokuphucula ulungiso.

I- Umanyano lwesizwe lwezazi ngengqondo yeSikolo [ lunika ukhokelo lokudibanisa impilo yengqondo kunye nenkxaso yentsapho kwizicwangciso zesikolo.

Izinto Ezithatyathwayo Njengentsapho

Ukuganana kwentsapho kudlulela ngaphaya konxibelelwano oluqhelekileyo kwisikolo ngasinye. Kubandakanya ukwakha ulwalamano olunentsingiselo, olulungeleleneyo apho abazali babonwa njengamaqabane kwimfundo yomntwana wabo. Amanyathelo okuganana aphumelelayo akha intembelo kwaye anika abazali amandla okuba benze indima ephambili.

Iintlanganiso Zomfundisi-Mzali Nangaphezulu

Iinkomfa zakudala ziqalisile. Izikolo ezininzi ngoku zinika abafundi iintlanganiso apho abantwana besebenza khona, zinika abazali ukuqonda kwinkqubo yabo yokufunda. Ezinye zimema “iziganeko eziphambili” okanye iiyure ezingacwangciswanga apho abazali banokubuza imibuzo kwindawo ekhululekileyo. Izikolo zikwasebenzisa amaqonga okuthumela imiyalezo, ii-apples, kunye namaphetshana abhalwe ngeelwimi ezininzi ukugcina abazali bengazi.

Imibutho Yabazali Neyentsapho

IiNtlanganiso zabazali noMfundisi-othisha (PTAs) kunye neZibutho zoBazali-othisha (PTOs) zihlala zinempembelelo enkulu kwizithuthi zokugana. Kodwa iinkokeli zesikolo ziyanda ukuchaza ukhokelo ukuze ziquke abazali abavela kwiimvelaphi ezahlukahlukeneyo. Oku kuquka ukwenza amabhunga akhuthaza abazali ukuba bacebise inkqubo yesikolo, ulwakhiwo, ulwakhiwo, kunye nenkqubo yentsapho. Xa abazali benelizwi elinyanisekileyo ekwenzeni izigqibo, baziva benolwazi olungakumbi lokuba ngabazali kunye notyalo.

Imisebenzi Neengokuhlwa Zentsapho

Imidlalo yembutho yenza ukufunda kube mnandi yaye kuluncedo.

  • Ubusuku bokungafundi – Abazali nabantwana banenxaxheba kwimidlalo yokufunda kwaye bathatha iincwadi ezikhululekileyo.
  • Ubusuku be-STM – Hands- on Science nemisebenzi yezibalo abazali abanokuyilingisa ekhaya.
  • ICANDELO-mali kunye nemisebenzi yokulungiselela umboniso wexabiso eliphezulu - iintlanganiso zolwazi ukwenzela ukuqhuba uncedo lwemali, ibhaso, kunye neendlela zomsebenzi.
  • Iziganeko zemisitho yetheko – ukuqonda iimvelaphi ezahlukeneyo zeentsapho kunye nokukhuthaza uluntu oluquka uluntu.

Ezi ziganeko azicetyelwanga nje ukufundisa kodwa zikwakhe unxulumano phakathi kweentsapho, zinciphise ukungabikho komntu oza kuzenza zifumane inkxaso yoontanga.

Iinkqubo Zokuzithandela

Izikolo zinokungenelwa xa abazali besebenza ngokuzithandela kwiigumbi zokufundela, kwiincwadi zogcino - zincwadi, okanye xa besiya entsimini. kodwa ukunikela ngokuzithandela akufanele kube ngumthwalo. izikolo zinokunikela iindima ezibhetyebhetye — ezinjengokulungisa izinto ekhaya, ukuqeqesha abafundi, okanye ukunikela kwimiyezo yesikolo — nto leyo ehlonela ukuba nabazali banokukwazi ukunikela ngobuchule obungafaniyo.

Ukulungelelaniswa kwamaBhunga oLuntu

Asikho isikolo esinokuhlangabezana nentswelo yentsapho nganye. Unxulumano olucwangcisiweyo nemibutho yoluntu lwandisa ubunzulu benkxaso ngokuphawulekayo. Le nkxaso idla ngokumiselwa ngolwazi, ngezakhono ezithenjiweyo, okanye iinkonzo ezisetyenziswayo.

Izakhono zorhulumente nezingeyongeniso

Izikolo eziqhelekileyo ekunye nazo:

  • [[UMTL:0] Amasebe ezempilo akwindawo engqongileyo – kwikliniki zokugoma, uhlolo lomntwana olungileyo, kunye nemfundo yabazali kwimicimbi yempilo kawonke-wonke.
  • Amaziko oovimba bosapho – Banokudibanisa abasebenzi kwizikolo ukubonelela ngolawulo lwetyala elibanzi.
  • Imali – iinkqubo zokufunda ezidityanisiweyo, imingeni yokufunda ehlotyeni, kunye nokufikelela kwimithombo yamanani.
  • Iikholeji kunye neeyunivesithi eziqulunqweyo – ukunikezela ngeeklasi zokukhulisa abantwana ngetyala okanye ukumema abafundisi-mfundo abanceda iinkqubo.
  • Imibutho esekelwe kukholo – Ukunikezela ngesithuba samasebe, amatsha - ntliziyo, okanye ukuxhasa ngemali ukwenzela amanyathelo athile.

Iinkqubo zoNcediso lwasemva kweSikolo

Umgangatho emva kweenkqubo zesikolo unika imeko-bume ekhuselekileyo, nelungelelanisiweyo lo gama inika iiprojekthi zokusebenzela zokukhulisa abantwana. Iintlangano ezinjenge-Boys & Girls Clubs, YMCA, kunye nezikolo ezine-H zidla ngokusebenzisana nezikolo ukuhambisa imfundo yabazali kunye namalungu entsapho njengenxalenye yenkqubo yabo.

ISebe lezempilo yengqondo

Iinkonzo zempilo yengqondo ezisekelwe esikolweni zidla ngokunikezelwa ngezivumelwano ezinxulumene namasebe ezempilo yengqondo yoluntu. Eli lungiselelo livumela abazali ukuba bafumane unyango lwabantwana babo ngaphandle kokuhamba imigama emide. Amanye amaqabane akwanika amaqela axhasa abazali, njengabazali abana-ADHD okanye i-autism. Ugcino-lwazi olusuka kwi- USubstance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SA) luxhasa ukusebenza kwamaqela empilo yesikolo yengqondo.

ISebe leMicimbi yeNkcubeko

Amashishini asekuhlaleni angaxhasa izikolo ngokuxhasa iinkqubo zentsapho, ngokunikela ngeempahla zobusuku bentsapho, okanye ngokunika izikhuthazo (umz. amakhadi ezipho) zokuncedisa abazali kwiindawo zoshishino. Abanye abaqeshi bakwavumela abaqeshi ukuba bafumane ixesha elihlawulwayo lokuya kwiinkomfa zabazali okanye amatsha - ntliziyo kwimicimbi yesikolo, beqinisekisa isigidimi sokuba ukuganana kwentsapho kuyinto ephambili kuluntu.

Impembelelo Kuluntu

Iingenelo zemfundo yabazali nemali exhaswa zisikolo zidlulela ngaphaya kweentsapho eziziimali.

Iziphumo

Uphando oluqhubekayo lubonisa ukuba abantwana abanabazali abafundayo baqhuba kakuhle ngokwemfundo, banamanani aphezulu, kwaye basengozini kakhulu yokuphumelela. Imfundo yokukhulisa abantwana ikhulisa lo mphumela ngokuxhobisa abazali ngeendlela zokuxhasa ukufunda ekhaya, njengokufunda ngokuvakalayo imihla ngemihla, ukulinganisela ixesha lesikrini, nokugcina inkqubo engaguqukiyo. Imeta-analysis nguMbutho wezemfundo yesizwe [[[ wafumanisa ukuba ukugana komfundi kuxela ukuphumelela okunamandla kakhulu kunomgangatho wezentengiselwano.

Ukukhula Kwentlalo Neemvakalelo

Xa abazali befunda iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokuqeqesha kunye nonxibelelwano oluphumelelayo, abantwana babo baba neengxaki ezimbalwa zokuziphatha yaye baziva benoxinezeleko oluncinane. Iinkqubo ezisekelwe esikolweni zifundisa abazali indlela yokukwazi ukuthomalalisa iimvakalelo nokuzibamba. Oku kuphumela ekubeni abantwana badinwe kakhulu yile nkqubo yesikolo, kunciphise ukudinwa engqondweni naseofisini.

Impilo nokufumana

Ukufumana unyango lwezempilo kunye nesondlo kuphucula impilo yomzimba yabantwana. Abazali abafumana imfundo yezondlo nemithambo badla ngokutya ngokufanelekileyo baze bakhuthaze ukuwenza umzimba, balwe nokutyeba kakhulu kwabantwana.

Inkcubeko yezoqoqosho neyoluntu

Ukukhulisa imfundo kunye nezikhundla zezibonelelo kunceda ekulinganiseni indawo yokudlala ingeniso ephantsi kunye neentsapho ezincinane. Ngokunika ukufikelela okukhululekileyo okanye okuphantsi kwiinkonzo eziyimfuneko, izikolo zinciphisa umsantsa phakathi kweentsapho ezikwaziyo ukunikela inkxaso yangasese kunye nabo bangakwaziyo. Abazali abanikwe amandla basenokuba baxhasa iimfuno zabantwana babo baze babandakanyeke kwimisebenzi yezentlalo-ntle enjengeentlanganiso zebhodi yesikolo, ukomeleza ngakumbi ukuthatha inxaxheba kwedemokhrasi.

Ukwakha Ikomkhulu Lentlalo

Ukubolekisana kwentsapho kudala unxulumano lwabazali abamaziyo nabaxhasanayo. Olu nxulumano lungakhokelela kumalungiselelo enqwelo-mafutha, kwintsebenziswano yokuhlala nabantwana, ekufumaneni inkxaso-mali emsebenzini, nasekuxhaseni iimvakalelo ngexesha leengxaki. Ikomkhulu elinamandla lezentlalo linokwenza abantu banyamezele yaye bamkeleke.

Iingxaki Nemigaqo Yexesha Elizayo

Ngoxa zininzi izinto ezinokukwenza oko, izikolo zijamelana nocelomngeni olukhulu ekumiseleni iinkqubo ezinamandla zokuxhasa abazali.

Imali neZibonelelo

Iinkqubo ezininzi zixhomekeke kwimijelo yemali okanye kwimijelo yemali yexeshana. Izikolo ezikwizithili ezingaphantsi kwesiseko zitsala nzima ukwabela abaququzeleli bentsapho abathembisi, izixhobo, okanye ukunyamekela abantwana ngexesha loshishino. Iimodeli zemali ezixhasweyo — njengemiqathango yorhulumente okanye uqingqo-mali lwentsapho olukwimigangatho yesithili — ziyafuneka ukugcina iinkqubo ziqhubeka.

Uqeqesho

Ootitshala kunye nabasebenzi besikolo basenokungaqeqeshwa kwimfundo yabantu abadala okanye kwinkxaso yentsapho. Izikolo kufuneka zifake ingeniso kwinkqubela yezobugcisa ukuze bonke abasebenzi banxibelelane ngentlonelo nangempumelelo neentsapho ezahlukahlukeneyo.

Ukufikelela Ezona Ntsapho Zineengcungcutheko

Iintsapho ezifuna inkxaso eninzi zisenokuba zezona zingenamathuba aneleyo okuya kwiinkqubo ezibangelwa yimiqobo yolwimi, inkxalabo yokufuduka, ucwangciso lomsebenzi, okanye amava angemava angalunganga angaphambili kumaqumrhu. Izikolo kufuneka zisebenzise iindlela zokufikelela kwingxwabangxwaba nenkcubeko, njengokusebenzisa unxibelelwano lwentsapho olubhalwe kabini, ukukhuthaza iziganeko kwiindawo ezithenjiweyo, kunye nokunika iiyure ezibhetyebhetye.

Isiphumo Somlinganiselo

Iinkqubo zokukhulisa abantwana zinzima. Izikolo kufuneka zilandelele iinombolo zokuya nje kuphela kodwa zikwaneziphumo ezifana neenguqu kwindlela yokuba ngumzali, ukuya kubafundi, kunye nentlalo-ntle yentsapho. Iindlela zokuvavanya ezinamandla, kuquka i-Premission kunye nogcino-lwazi olude, zinceda ekuboniseni ixabiso kwimirhumo kunye nenkqubela kwinkqubo yokukhokela.

Ubuxhakaxhaka kunye nokuhlaziywa

Le ngxaki ikhawulezisa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezisetyenziswa ngumzali ozizo, kunye neendawo zogcino-zincwadi ze-intanethi. Ukuqhubela phambili izikolo ziyakwazi ukuthatha iipeyinti zemihla ngemihla, ukuzoba ividiyo nokuthumela imiyalezo ekhuselekileyo kunye nabasebenzi besikolo. Noko ke, ukufikelela ngokulinganayo kwizixhobo kunye ne-intanethi kuhlala kungumqobo. Ezinye imimandla zithetha oku ngokubolekisa ngezabhete okanye ngokunika i Wi-Fi amachapout kwiintsapho.

Ingcebiso yeNkcubeko kunye nokuQhubelana

Iinkqubo kufuneka zibonise iinguqu zengingqi. Oku kuthetha ukunikela izinto ngeelwimi ezininzi, ukuhlonela iinkolelo ezahlukeneyo zenkcubeko malunga nokuba ngumzali, nokubandakanya iinkokeli zoluntu kwinkqubo. Izikolo ezinokukhuthaza ukuthembana nabazali abakwiqela eliphantsi zize zivelise iinkqubo ezihlangabezana neemfuno zentsapho.

Isiphelo

Izikolo zoluntu zinezikhundla ezikhethekileyo zokuxhasa imfundo yabazali kunye nezibonelelo kuba zikhonza phantse bonke abantwana kwaye zise ulwalamano neentsapho. Ngokunikela iiklasi zobuzali ezisekelwe kubungqina, iinkonzo ezibanzi, amathuba anenjongo, kunye namaqabane oluntu afanelekileyo, izikolo zinokuguqula uphuhliso lwabantwana nabazali bazo. Ukubuya kongeniso kucacile: ukuphumelela okuphezulu komfundi, iintsapho ezinamandla, kunye noluntu olunxulumeneyo.

Ukuvavanya uzalisekiso oluqhubekekayo, tyelela [[FLT: 0] Head Starep yasekuqaleni yomntwana ukufunda & amp; Iziko Lolwazi okanye ulolongo lwelizwe lwezibonelelo zentsapho zePTA's /.