Oorhulumente basekuhlaleni balingana noorhulumente abasondelene nabantu, benza izigqibo ezichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo amava emihla ngemihla ezigidi. Ukusuka kwimeko yeendlela ohamba kuzo ukuya kumgangatho weepaki apho abantwana bakho badlala khona, amagosa asekuhlaleni kunye namaqumrhu ajongene nobuchule bobomi boluntu. Ayakwazi uqingqo-mali, ukumisela imigaqo-nkqubo, nokunikela iinkonzo ezichaphazela zonke iinkalo zobomi bemihla ngemihla. Ukuphumelela, imfundo, impilo, ukuthuthwa, nethuba lezoqoqosho. Ukuqonda indlela oorhulumente basekuhlaleni abasebenza ngayo nokubona imizekelo ecacileyo yempembelelo yabo kunceda abemi balukelele ukuxabisa ukubaluleka komanyano noxandumiso. Eli nqaku lihlola imisebenzi ebalulekileyo yoorhulumente basekuhlaleni kwaye libonisa impembelelo yabo yehlabathi elibonisa iziphumo ezintle nezifundo.

Indima Yoorhulumente Basekuhlaleni

Oorhulumente bengingqi, kuquka oomasipala, izixa-mali, amalokishi, kunye nesithili esikhethekileyo, banikwe igunya ngomgaqo-siseko wesizwe nemithetho yokulawula imicimbi ephantsi kwemithetho yabo. Iimbopheleleko zabo zininzi kwaye zisoloko ziquka:

  • Ukhuseleko loluntu ngamapolisa, ngomlilo nangeenkonzo zonyango
  • Ukulungiswa nokuphuhliswa kwendalo, kuquka iindlela, iibhulorho, amanzi kunye nenkqubo yamanzi amdaka
  • Imfundo karhulumente, ukusuka kwimimandla yesikolo iK-12 ukuya kwiikholeji zoluntu
  • ISebe leMicimbi yezeMpilo nezoNtlalo, kuquka iikliniki, inkxaso yempilo yengqondo, kunye neenkqubo eziphezulu
  • Uphuhliso loluntu ngokuhlala, ngokubeka izithuba,
  • Ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, ulawulo lwenkunkuma, kunye nokuzinziswa kwemozulu
  • Ukuphuhliswa kwezoqoqosho nokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi

Le misebenzi ixhaswa ngemali ephambili ngerhafu yempahla, iirhafu zentengiso, iindleko zomsebenzisi, kunye nokuthunyelwa kolawulo olunempumelelo phakathi korhulumente. Ulawulo lwasekuhlaleni lufuna ukukhuphisana kwezona zinto zibalulekileyo ngexesha abahlali besenza izigqibo. Amacandelo alandelayo ahlola iindawo ezithile zeziphumo, nganye ikhatshwa ngumzekelo wokwenene wehlabathi obonisa indlela amanyathelo oluntu anokuguqula ngayo abantu.

Ukhuseleko Loluntu Nomthetho

Ukhuseleko lukawonke-wonke yenye yezona nkonzo zibonakalayo nezikhawulezileyo zoorhulumente basekuhlaleni. Amasebe amapolisa, iinkonzo zomlilo, kunye nabasebenzi bongxamiseko bezonyango zidla ngokuba ziingongoma zokuqala zokunxibelelana kwingxaki.

Umzekelo wehlabathi lokwenene: Ipolisa loLuntu eCamden, eNew Jersey

ICamden, iNew Jersey, yakha yadibana nenye yezona zenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho eziphezulu eUnited States. Ngo-2013, urhulumente wasekuhlaleni wawa chitha amapolisa akhoyo waza wawa endaweni yesebe elitsha elilawula iphondo eligxininisa igosa loluntu. Abaphathi-mikhosi kwafuneka babandakanye abahlali, babekho kwintlanganiso zasekuhlaleni, kwaye bakhe intembelo kunokuthembela kumthetho. Iziphumo ziye zabangela ukuba ulwaphulo-mthetho logonyamelo luncitshiswe yi-mthetho olungaphezulu kwama-40 ekhulwini kwiminyaka emihlanu, kwaye inani labaphathi-mikhosi be-ofisi behla ngokukhawuleza. Isebe lamapolisa elijongeneengingqi ngoku lisebenza njengemodeli yesizwe yendlela yokhuseleko lukawonke. Ukutshintsha kwemeko lwengqondo kubandakanya noorhulumente bemibutho yempilo yengqondo, ukuvumela amagosa abasebenzi ukuba bafumane iziphumo zempilo ezingxamisekile.

Ukwandisa imodeli: Amaqela eMpazamo ePortland, eOregon

Ngokufanayo, iPortland, i-Oregon, yasungula inkqubo yeqela longenelelo lobundlobongela elithe lafaka iingcali zezempilo yengqondo kumagosa amapolisa. Urhulumente wasekuhlaleni wanika inkxaso-mali kumagosa asekuhlaleni kwaye wamisela i-adrectory eshushu yempilo. Olu cwangciso luye lwakhokelela ekungeneni okungeyomfuneko nokubanjwa, ukukhulula oovimba bamapolisa ngenxa yokuthintelwa kolwaphulo-mthetho. Oorhulumente belo lizwe bamkela ezo ziphumo zezonyango, beqonda ukuba ukhuseleko lukawonke-wonke kufuneka ulwenze ngaphaya komthetho wesithethe.

Izakhiwo Nezothutho

Izibonelelo ezinokuthenjwa zisisiseko soluntu olusebenzayo. Izicwangciso zoorhulumente basekuhlaleni, ukwakha, ukugcina, nokusebenza kweendlela, iibhulorho, ukuthuthwa kwabantu, iinkqubo zamanzi, kunye neenkqubo ezibanzi ezisetyenziswayo. Ezi zibonelelo zichaphazela ukufumaneka, ukwanda kwezoqoqosho, nomgangatho wobomi. Izigqibo ezimalunga nezibonelelo zezibonelelo zisoloko zibonakalisa imibono yexesha elide yokuphuhliswa okuzinzileyo nokunokuthe ngcembe.

Umzekelo wehlabathi lokwenene: Iprojekti ye-Atlanta BeltGrine

IBeltline ye-Atlanta ingumsebenzi wokuguqula isixeko siphinde siphuculwe owenza ii-intshi ezingama-22 ze-paseji zembali ze-loliwe zingene kwinethwekhi yemizila esetyenziswayo, iipaki, kunye noqhagamshelwano lothutho. I-Atlanta Beltline Parlineshineship[ isebenza kunye neSixeko saseAtlanta kunye namanye amasebe asekuhlaleni, iprojekthi ikhuthaza ukuphuhlisa izakhiwo ezininzi, yadala amawaka emisebenzi, kunye nokwandisa ukufikelela kwepaki kwimimandla egciniwe. IBelt Leactrine iquka indawo ekwaziyo ukugcina indawo kunye nenjongo yokuyila, iqinisekisa ukuba abemi bexesha elide bangangenelwa kuyo. Oku kubonisa ukuba oorhulumente basebenzisa ushishino lwezo lwemali, ukunxibelelana kwezoqoqosho, ukuxhasa kwemeko yemeko yemeko-medipo.

Umzekelo wehlabathi lokwenene: Izitrato ezipheleleyo eMadison, Wisconsin

UMadison wamkela inkqubo epheleleyo yomgaqo-nkqubo ofuna zonke iiprojekthi zokuhambisa abantu abahamba ngenqwelo-moya, abakhweli, nabasebenzi beebhayisekile, hayi iimoto. Urhulumente wasekuhlaleni walungisa iipaseji ezinkulu ezinendlela ezikhuselekileyo, iindlela ezikhuselweyo, kunye neendawo zokuhamba eziphucukileyo. Ngenxa yoko, iziphumo zithe zanda, isantya sezithuthi, amatyala ezithuthi ancipha, kwaye amashishini asekuhlaleni achaza ezo zithuthi zonyawo. Inkqubo ngoku isenziwa kwezinye izixeko eziphakathi ezikhuselweyo, ibonisa indlela ezinokusetyenziswa ngayo umhlaba kunye nezigqibo zothutho ezinokubuyisela ubomi bemihla ngemihla.

Imfundo neeNkonzo zoLutsha

Imfundo isebenza kakhulu eUnited States, i-odolowe kwiibhodi zesikolo, ixhaswe ziirhafu zempahla kunye noncedo lukarhulumente. Ngaphandle kwemfundo yasekuhlaleni, oorhulumente basekuhlaleni baphelelwa ziinkqubo zexesha lesikolo, amathala eencwadi, namaziko olutsha axhasa ukuphumelela kwemfundo, inkqubela yentlalo, kunye nokuxhotyiswa kwemisebenzi.

Umzekelo wehlabathi lokwenene: Iinkqubo zasemva- kweSchool eChicago

ISixeko seStudents of Learning, esixhaswe ngurhulumente wasekuhlaleni kunye namaqabane aluncedo, adibanisa abafundi namawaka eenkqubo zokufunda emva kwesikolo nasemva kwehlobo. Ezi nkqubo ziquka zonke izinto ukusuka kwikhowudi kunye nerobhothi ukuya kwimisebenzi yobugcisa nemidlalo. Uhlolisiso lwe-American Youth Policy Forum ufumanisa ukuba abafundi abaya rhoqo kwiinkqubo zokufundisa babonisa inkqubela kumgangatho wemfundo, ubukho, kunye nokubhalisa isomza. Isixeko sikwanika kwakhona inkqubo yomsebenzi yolutsha enika amawaka eshumini ehlawulwa yinqanawa ngehlobo ngalinye, ubuchule bokwakha kunye nokuzidibanisa kwimizi yomsebenzi. Oorhulumente basekuhlaleni abangenisa iinkonzo zolutsha ezingaphuculiziphumo zemfundo kodwa ezinokulungiselela ulwaphulo-mthetho kodwa kwanokunciphisa ukulungiselela izinto ezinokusetyenziswa ngokweeproputensiti.

Umzekelo wehlabathi lokwenene: Umhlaba wonke Pre-K kwisiXeko saseNew York

Urhulumente wasekuhlaleni wesiXeko saseNew York, phantsi kweMayar Bill de Blasio, wasungula inkqubo yehlabathi lonke yangaphambili yohlobo lwamaqumrhu ngo-2014. Inyathelo elandisiweyo lokufikelela kwinkululeko, usuku olupheleleyo lwangaphambi kwe-K kubo bonke abaneminyaka emine ubudala kwisixeko, kungakhathaliseki ukuba bafumana ingeniso. Kwiminyaka emibini, ukubhalisa kwafikelela kubantwana abangaphezu kwama-70 000. Uphando lwabonisa ukuba abantwana ababekho kwinkqubo babonisa inkqubela ebalulekileyo kwimfundo kunye nobuchule bentlalo-ntlalo. Impumelelo yale nkqubo yasekuhlaleni ikhuthaze ezinye izixeko namazwe ukuba alandele imigaqo yemfundo yakudala efanayo.

ISebe lezeMpilo nezeNtlalo

Oorhulumente basekuhlaleni banendima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni nasekukhuthazeni impilo yoluntu. Baqhuba amakliniki, bahlola izifo, bahlola iivenkile zokutyela, balawula iinkqubo zokukhusela abantu abahlala kwiindawo ezingenamakhaya kunye nokutya okuphezulu. Kumazwe amaninzi, amasebe ezempilo asekuhlaleni ngawona aphambili ekukhuseleni abemi abafumana imali ephantsi.

Umzekelo wehlabathi lokwenene: Izakhono zoluntu eSan Francisco

ISebe le-San Francisco lempilo yoluntu liye laba ngunobangela wokunciphisa umonakalo kunye nokungalingani kwempilo. Iimali zikarhulumente wasekuhlaleni zekliniki yempilo yamahhala kwimimandla engaphantsi kwe-odeshi, inkqubo yokuthintela i-opioids eninzi kakhulu esindise amawaka abantu ngeziyobisi ezininzi kakhulu, kunye nekhefu elihlawulwayo lokubulala iziyobisi, kwaye ikhefu elithenjiweyo elingumthetho elivumela abasebenzi ukuba bahlale ekhaya ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yimali. Inkqubo yoomatshini bezempilo ba Francisco Health Network [ ikwanokusebenzisa iinkonzo zempilo eziqhelekileyo kwiikliniki-ziqalelo, ukwenza ukuxhaswa kwempilo yengqondo kungeneke. Ezi zinyathelo zincede abasebenzi beso sixeko ukuba bathobe nomlinganiselo ophantsi wokungahlawulwayo kwaye bafunde izibhedlele. Inkqubo yoorhulumente basekuhlaleni yempilo yempilo yasekuhlaleni.

Umzekelo wokwenene wehlabathi: Abasebenzi bezempilo boMbutho eAlameda County, eKhalifoniya

Imali karhulumente wasekuhlaleni yeSizwe yabasebenzi bezonyango basekuhlaleni eqeqesha abemi ukuba banikele imfundo yempilo, banxulumanise abamelwane ukuba basebenze, baxhase ulawulo lwezifo ezinganyangekiyo. Aba basebenzi basoloko besuka kumazwe afanayo abakhonza kuwo, ukwakha nokuphumelela kwemiqobo yenkcubeko. Uhlolisiso lufumanise ukuba inkqubo yanciphisa utyelelo lweziko longxamiseko phakathi kwamalungu alapho ngama-20 ekhulwini kwaye iphucula iziphumo zesifo seswekile. Oku kubonisa indlela oorhulumente basekuhlaleni abanokufaka ngayo imfuno yentlalo ekhoyo ukuze baphucule inxalenye yexabiso lenkcitho yemali esekelwe esibhedlele.

Uphuhliso loLuntu noLungiselelo

Uphuhliso loluntu lubandakanya ukubumba imimandla esemzimbeni neyasekuhlaleni. Oorhulumente basekuhlaleni basebenzisa ikhowudi yokucoca, izicwangciso zokusebenzisa umhlaba, imvume yokwakha, neenkqubo zomanyano zoluntu ukukhokela ulwando, ukulondoloza iimpahla zembali, nokukhuthaza inkqubela-phambili engqinelanayo. Ucwangciso olunempumelelo lungalwa nokuhlala, kugcinwe iindawo ezinokufikeleleka, kwaye kuveliswe iindawo zikawonke wonke ezichukumileyo.

Umzekelo wehlabathi lokwenene: Ukuvuselelwa koommelwane eDetroit

Urhulumente wasekuhlaleni kaDetroit, esebenzisana neenkampani zophuhliso loluntu, uye wasebenzisa indlela ecwangcisiweyo yokuvuselela abamelwane abahlaselwe kukuncipha nokuhla kwemizimba. Isixeko seDetroit Future City [[FLT: 1] isakhiwo seSixeko sexesha elizayo sibandakanya igalelo elikhulu lommi kunye nohlalutyo logcino-lwazi lokuchaza iindawo zorhwebo oluthe lwenziwa ngokusemthethweni. Imisebenzi iquka ukuguqula iindawo ezingenazimo zezinganiso zibe zize zihlalise iimba zengi, iipaki, ukuvuselela isakhiwo sezindlu, kunye nokuxhasa imimandla encinane yezoshishino. Kwakhona i-ofisi yelizwe edibanise amawaka ekwayilwe, ebuyisela iimpahla ezisebenzayo. Nangona ezi migudu zisekho, ezi migudu ikhuthaza abemitsha, kunye nokukhuthaza ikratshi phakathi kwabemi bexesha elide.

Umzekelo wehlabathi lokwenene: Igalelo lokuHlahlela uHlahlo loHlahlo kwisiXeko saseNew York

Ukuthatha inxaxheba kuqingqo-mali (PB) yinkqubo apho abemi bagqiba ngqo indlela yokusebenzisa inxalenye yoqingqo-mali karhulumente wasekuhlaleni. IBhunga lesiXeko saseNew York liye lamkela iPB kwisithili ezininzi, livumela amalungu oluntu ukuba amisele kwaye avote kwimisebenzi yekomkhulu efana nokunyuswa kwesikolo, inkqubela yepaki, nokulungiswa kwezitrato. Ukususela ngo-2011, iPB iyakwazi ukunikezela ngemisebenzi ekhethwe ngabahlali. Oku akuqinisekisi nje kuphela ukuxhasa ukubonelela izinto eziphambili zoluntu kodwa kwakhona kukhuthaza ukudityalwa kwezentengiselwano zezentengiselwano zemali kunye nokuthemba korhulumente. Ngaphezu kweshumi elina lama-12 ezinye izixeko ziye zamkela iinkqubo ezifanayo, zibonisa indlela oorhulumente banokukhuthaza ngayo abemi bemi benza izigqibo.

Amanyathelo Okusingqongileyo

Oorhulumente basekuhlaleni bakwindawo ephambili yokukhusela indalo, balawula yonke into equka ukuphinda indalo nokuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma ukuya kumgangatho womoya namahlathi asedolophini. Abaninzi baye basebenzisa imigudu yemozulu yokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi eshushu nokuqhelanisa nokutshintsha kwemozulu. Le migudu isoloko ineengenelo ezikhawulezileyo, ezifana neendleko eziphantsi zamandla, umoya ococekileyo, kunye nendawo eluhlaza.

Umzekelo wehlabathi lokwenene: Isicwangciso seMinneapolis seNkcubeko

Minneapolis wamisela injongo yokunciphisa ukhupho lwekharbon ngama-80% ngo-2050 kwaye uphumeze uludwe lwemigaqo-nkqubo yokuyifikelela, kuquka iimfuno zokutyhila amandla kwizakhiwo ezinkulu, izihlomelo zokufakwa kwelanga, kunye nenkqubo yokufaka i-composi kwisixeko jikelele. Urhulumente wasekuhlaleni wasebenzisana noluntu ukulungiselela inkqubo eGreenturi ejolise ushishino lwenkqubela-phambili kunye nongcoliso lwemimandla ekwimeko-bume. Umzekelo ubonisa indlela oorhulumente basekuhlaleni abanokukhokelwa ngayo yimeko-bume entle, kwaye abemi be-moye bafumana uqeqesho lwemisebenzi eluhlaza. i-webhsayithi yemozulu yesixeko inika umzila ocacileyo wenkqubela, ubeka abaphathi betyala.

Umzekelo wehlabathi lokwenene: Urban Forestry eWashington, D.C.

Washington, D.C., yaqalisa icebo lokutyala imithi engama-40 000 ngo-2030, imimandla ehlasela ngemigubasi ephantsi. Urhulumente wasekuhlaleni usebenza ngengeniso engeyonzuzo nangamaqela abahlali ukutyala nokugcina imithi kwimpahla yoluntu neyobuqu. Imithi inciphisa ukukhutshwa kwamanzi ashushu, amaqondo obushushu asezantsi kwiziqithi ezishushu, kwaye iphucula impilo yengqondo. Iziphumo zokuqala zibonisa iziphumo ezibangela ukupholiswa okungangenisiyo kwimimandla ekufuphi kunye namaxabiso aphezulu ezinto. Urhulumente wasekuhlaleni ungenza indima ebalulekileyo ekwakheni imozulu ngezixhobo ezisekelwe kwindalo.

Uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho

Urhulumente wasekuhlaleni usebenza ngenkuthalo ukwenza imisebenzi nokuxhasa amashishini ngentshukumisa yerhafu, ngoncedo oluncinci loshishino, ngenkqubela yomsebenzi, nokulawula. Uqoqosho olunempumelelo lwengingqi luvelisa ingeniso yerhafu ebangelwa ziinkonzo zemali kwaye lutsale abemi. Noko ke, iindlela zokuphuhlisa izoqoqosho kufuneka zenzelwe ukuphepha ukukhuliswa kwerhafu kwaye ziqinisekise ukuba iingenelo zifikelela onke amalungu oluntu.

Umzekelo wehlabathi lokwenene: Inkxaso yamashishini amancinane eCleveland, eOhio

Urhulumente wasekuhlaleni waseCleveland waseka uthungelwano lweZiko loPhuhliso lweshishini olunika uqeqesho lwesisa esinye, uqeqesho, kunye nokufikelela kwikomkhulu loosomashishini, ingakumbi kwimimandla engaphantsi kwenkonzo. Le nkqubo ikwaquka inyathelo lokudibanisa amashishini asekuhlaleni neesivumelwano zesixeko. Ukusukela ekusungulweni kwayo, inkqubo iye yanceda amashishini angaphezu kwe-1000 ukuqala okanye ukwandisa, ukwenza amawaka emisebenzi. i-Creverand i-ofisi yophuhliso lwezoqoqosho ye-[[ i-omatilogi nemisebenzi esekelwe kwingxelo yenkonzo yesixeko. Oku kuthinte imigibe yokunika irhafu enkulu ehlawulwa yimirhumo, endaweni yokwandisa ubutyebi ukusuka emhlabeni.

Umzekelo wehlabathi lokwenene: Ubuchule bokuhamba ngelizwe eChattanooga, eTennessee

I-slective esixhaswe ngumasipala wasebenzisa i-fiber obroop oywenziwa ngumasipala ukutsala iinkampani zobugcisa nokukhuthaza indalo yokuqalisa. Urhulumente wasekuhlaleni othengiswe kwizithuba zikawonke-wonke ezikhululekileyo iWi-Fi, i-ingitator yobugcisa, kunye ne-comping comptamps zoluptamps ze-toopcamps zabemi. Isantya sokungaqeshwa kwesixeko sehla, kwaye ingeniso ye-media yanyuka ngenxa yokukhula kwecandelo lobugcisa. Urhulumente wasekuhlaleni waqinisekisa ukuba iinzuzo zifikelele kwimimandla ephantsi ngokunikela uqeqesho lwamanani kunye nokufikelela ekufikeleleni ekufikeleleni ekufikeleleni kwe-intanethi. Lo mzekelo ubonisa indlela urhwebo lukawonke kwingeniso lwezentengolwazi lwezemfundo ye-intanethi efumaneka kwi-intanethi.

Isiphelo

Oorhulumente bengingqi banempembelelo enzulu kumgangatho wobomi kuluntu jikelele eUnited States nasehlabathini. Ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lukawonke-wonke nokwakha izibonelelo ezinamandla zokukhuthaza impilo, imfundo, kunye namathuba ezoqoqosho, izigqibo ezenziwe kumgangatho wasekuhlaleni zibumba zonke izinto zobukho bemihla ngemihla. Le mizekelo yehlabathi ichazwe kweli nqaku ``````suka kumsebenzi weqela loluntu loluntu lwase-Camden' kunye neBelt’s Betlthrands's kuMy kuMyy neMinneapolis, kunye nenkqubo yemozulu kaChattanooo, kunye nenkqubo yobubanzi ye-Chattanool, `imodelissssss) ukubonakalisa amandla okuyila, ulawulo olunempumelelo lwasekuhlaleni. Oku kuphakamisa ukubaluleka kombutho woluntu: abahlali benxaxheba kukhetho lwemibutho yasekuhlaleni, ukuxhasa ukumaquluko lwezimbutho lasekuhlaleni, nokusebenza kwimibutho labantu abahlala kulo lonke.