Umsebenzi wokusingqongileyo wesizwe

INational Guard isebenza indima entlu - mbini eUnited States: inika amandla alungele ukulwa norhulumente worhulumente worhulumente kunye nokusabela kungxamiseko lwamakhaya kubalawuli belizwe. Ngaphakathi kwesi sakhiwo, ulondolozo lwemekobume luye lwaba yinto ephambili esebenzayo. Njengoko amaqela oqeqesho lwabalindi eqeshwayo enqamleze emahlathini, entlango, ezindaweni ezimdaka, kunye neendawo ezinxulumaniswe edolophini, aya engakumbi ngokulungelelaniswa komkhosi nokubekwa kwemekobume yendalo. Lo mmiselo uqikelelo luqiniswa kumthetho wezwe, iSebe lokhuselo (DoD) imiyalelo yezentlalo-ntle yemekobume yemekobume.

Umsebenzi wengingqi wengingqi ayingomsebenzi othelekelelwayo kodwa lilungu eliqukunjelwe ngabom lokucwangcisa. Ukusukela ekuqaleni kwalo naluphi na ucwangciso, ukuqwalasela kogcino-lwazi kudityaniswa kwimisebenzi yobuchule, uqeqesho, kunye nokubulala. Le ndlela isebenzayo iqinisekisa ukuba uKhuselo lweSizwe lungafeza imisebenzi yalo yokhuseleko lohlanga ngelinye ixesha lukhusela oovimba bendalo abaxhomekeke kubo. Ngokunciphisa ungcoliso, ukugcina indawo yokuhlala, kunye nokulawula izinto eziphathekayo kakuhle, i-gadabi libonisa ukuba imisebenzi yomkhosi nokhuseleko lwemeko-bume isebenza ngokugqibelela, hayi iinjongo eziphikisanayo.

Uphando lwangaphandle kunye nokuphendula kukawonke-wonke kuqinisa lo msebenzi. Abahlali balindele ukuba umkhosi wabo usebenze ngokunenkathalo kumazwe oluntu, kwaye abaPhathi-majoni baphendule ngokulungiselela iinkqubo zokulawula imeko-bume. Ezi nkqubo zihambelana nemigangatho enjengenkqubo yezolawulo lwezenkcubeko esetyenziswa ngaphaya kweDoLT, ukuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa okungaguquguqukiyo kwemisebenzi engcono yomthetho.

Isiseko esisemthethweni nesolawulo

Imbopheleleko yesizwe yokulondoloza imekobume isekelwe kumthetho oqinileyo. Imimiselo engundoqo karhulumente iquka uMthetho weSizwe weNgqongqo-bume beNzalo-bume (NEPA), ofuna iziphumo zemekobume ukwenzela izenzo ezikhulu zikarhulumente; uMthetho we-Ceac Water; i-Celean Air Act; kunye noMthetho weSibonelelo soNgqozo-moya kunye noMgaqo-nkqubo wokulondolozwa kwenkunkuma oyingozi. Urhulumente ngamnye usenokumisela nemfuneko eyongezelelekileyo yokulondolozwa kwemekobume ekufuneka amaqela abalindileyo amele anelise xa esebenza kwimidanganiso yorhulumente.

Ukuthotyelwa kwale mithetho akunakuphenjelelwa. Abaphathi bemekobume bafakwe ngaphakathi kumsebenzi wokuqinisekisa ukuba yonke imisebenzi, ukusuka ekuqeqesheni ukuya ekuphenduleni kwintlekele, ukudibana okanye ukugqitha imilinganiselo yolawulo. La magosa aqhuba uhlolo lwangaphambi kogunyaziso, ukujonga imisebenzi eqhubekayo, kunye noxwebhu lokuthobela ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho enokuthi ibangele intlawulo entle, imingeni esemthethweni, okanye ukonakaliswa kodumo. Isiphumo kukubuyiselwa kobume bemekobume okugquma kwintlangano.

Iimpembelelo zemekobume kwimisebenzi yasemasimini

Phambi kokuba kuqaliswe nawuphi na umsebenzi obalulekileyo, iSizwe Sokhuselo-mhlaba siqhuba iNgqomo yokusingqongileyo yokuHlayela iiMpazamo zeMbindi Ezasemgangathweni (EIA) ukuvavanya iingozi ezinokwenzeka kwindalo. Izinto ezixilonga ezifana nokukhukuliseka komhlaba, ungcoliseko lwamanzi, ungcoliso lwengxolo, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwendawo yezilwanyana zasendle. Le nkqubo inceda abaphathi ukuba benze izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nokukhethwa kwendlela, iindawo ze-bivouac, kunye nokusetyenziswa kovimba.

Ngokomzekelo, ukuba uqeqesho lufuna uqeqesho lokulungisa inqwelo-mafutha luza kunqumla indawo evulekileyo, i-EIA ingabona abantu abanobuchule bokuhlala kwizityalo okanye iindawo zokuhlala ezisengozini ekufuneka ziphetshwe. Ngoko ke ugada lulungisa ucwangciso lwalo lokuzikhusela kwezo ndawo, maxa wambi ngexabiso lokuhamba ixesha elide okanye iimeko ezingezokugqibelela. Olu rhwebo lungathathwa njengenxalenye yokuzinikela ekunyamekeleni indalo. Ngokuqwalasela iziphumo phambi kokusebenza, ugada uthintelo lwemeko-oklonell kunokuba luhlawulelwe ukuhlaziywa kamva.

Ii-Strategies ezisebenzayo zokukhupha isantya sonyawo

Ngexesha lothutho, iNational Guard isebenzisa uludwe lwezicwangciso ezisebenzisekayo ukucutha umlinganiselo wendlela yayo yokusebenza ebumelweni. Ezi ndlela azingcikiviswanga kodwa zisetyenziswa yonke imihla kwiimeko zehlabathi lokwenene. Zisebenzisa umhlaba, ulawulo lwenkunkuma, ukuthintelwa kongcoliso, nolondolozo lwezibonelelo.

Umhlaba Nobugosa

Uphazamiseko lomhlaba lungaphepheki ngenxa yokuqeqeshwa nokuthunyelwa komkhosi. Izithuthi zenqwelo-moya, intshukumo yamajoni, kunye nokwakhiwa kwezixhobo zokwexeshana zingadibanisa umhlaba, zityumze uhlaza, zidibene neepaseji zezilwanyana zasendle. Ukuze kuncitshiswe le miphumela, igalelo lemithetho engqongqo yokuhamba. Amaqela kufuneka ahlale kwiindlela ezimiselweyo nakwimizila ehambayo naninina kunokwenzeka. Xa kunokwenzeka, abalawuli kufuneka bavumele indlela baze banciphise inani lendlela ehambayo ukunciphisa ukonakala komhlaba.

Ukongezelela, igalelo elikwimisebenzi yokulungisa indawo yokuhlala ebuyisela umonakalo odlulileyo. Iiyunithi ziye zabandakanyeka ekutshaleni kwakhona ingca, ukususa izityalo ezitshayo, nokuhlambulula imijelo emitsha kumazwe okuqeqeshwayo. Le migudu ayilungisi nje kuphela impilo yendalo kodwa ikwagcina ixabiso lokuqeqesha ilizwe ngokuthintela ukukhukuliseka nokulondolozwa kwezinto zendalo ezisetyenziselwa ukuqhuba nokufihla inqanawe.

I- IMpazamo yoKhuselo iqikelela ukuba ukufakwa komkhosi kuzibuko izilwanyana ezisengozini, ngokufuthi ngenxa yokuba la mazwe akhuselwe kwinkqubela-phambili yezorhwebo. Umkhosi wesizwe wenza indima engundoqo ekulawuleni ezi ndawo, uphando, kwaye uzalisekisa iiplani zokuziphucula kwiU.S.

Ulawulo Lwenkunkuma Nokukhusela Ungcoliso

Ulawulo lwenkunkuma yindawo ephezulu yokhuselo lwesizwe ngexesha lothutho. Imisebenzi yasemasimini ivelisa inkunkuma eqinileyo, amanzi amdaka, kunye nezinto ezinokuba yingozi ezifana nepetroli, izithambiso, kunye nezinto zokucoca. Ukuphatha ezi zinto ngokufanelekileyo, iiyunithi zokhuselo zilandela imithetho engqongqo yokukhulula, ukugcina, nokulahla.

Inkunkuma eqinileyo ihlelwe kwakhona kwizixhobo ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe, ii- compostation, kunye nezinto ezigqunywe emhlabeni. Izixhobo zokudibanisa inkunkuma zithunyelwa ecaleni kwezixhobo zomgqomo ezisezantsi, kwaye iyunithi ziqeqeshelwe ukwahlula imijelo yenkunkuma kwisigaba sesizukulwana. Kumaziko ayingozi, isixokelelwano sesibini sokuqulatha sisetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukuchitheka komonakalo, kwaye yonke inkunkuma ithuthwa kwindawo yokulahla egunyazisiweyo. I-gadefish kunye nezingeyo izinto ezisetyenziswayo kwimichiza yesithethe nanini naninina kunokwenzeka.

Ukuthintelwa kongcoliso kunwenwa kumgangatho womoya. Ukukhutshwa komoya kunye nomatshini wokukhupha igesi kuncitshiswa ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa komoya, kwaye amaqela akhuthazwa ukusebenzisa izibaso eziphantsi nezikhutshwayo ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Kwimimandla yokumisa, ukhuphiso lothuli olufana nokutshiza okanye ukutshizwa kwamanzi lusetyenziswa ukuphelisa umba. Ezi zinyathelo zikhusela imekobume kunye nempilo yamalungu enkonzo kunye noluntu olukufuphi.

Ukulondoloza Amanzi Negesi

Amanzi licebo elibalulekileyo ngexesha lomsebenzi wasendle, kwaye uKhuselo lwesizwe luye lwamkela amanyathelo okukhusela ukusetyenziswa kwalo okuzinzileyo. Iiyunithi ziqeqeshelwa ukunciphisa amanzi ngococeko lomntu, njengokusebenzisa izixhobo zokuhlamba amanzi kunye nokulinganisela amaxesha okuhlamba. Kwimeko-bume eyinkqantosi, iinkqubo zokuphinda kusetyenziswe amanzi ukunyanga nokuwasebenzisa kwakhona ngenxa yenjongo ezingeyondawo.

Ulondolozo lwamandla lubaluleke ngokulinganayo. Abagada basebenzisa iijenaritha zepetroli zepetroli, iiphaneli zelanga, kunye neenkqubo zokugcina ibhetri kwiinkampu zamandla. Ezi tekiniki zinciphisa imfuneko yokuphinda ziphele, zinqumla zombini usetyenziso lwepetroli kunye nokukhutshwa kombane. Ezinye iziseko eziphambili zokusebenza zidibanise iinkqubo zamandla adityanisiweyo ezidibanisa imithombo edityanisiweyo kunye neenjini zezixhobo zokuphenya, zifumana ukunciphisa okubalulekileyo kwikharbon print.

Amanyathelo alo mbane ahambelana neenjongo ezibanzi ze-DoD zokhuseleko namandla nokuzinzisa. Ngokunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwizinto ezisetyenziswa njengelahleko, amaqela anokungabi sengozini yokunikezela ngemixokelelwano kwaye anokusebenza ngokuzimeleyo kwiindawo ezikude. Le nzuzo idibeneyo yokusebenza kakuhle nokusingqongileyo ingundoqo wolawulo lomkhosi wanamhlanje.

Uqeqesho oluzinzileyo nezixhobo zale mihla

Uqeqesho lisiseko sokulungela umkhosi, kwaye iNational Guard iye yenza inkqubela ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni uqeqesho luzinziswe. Injongo kukugcina isimo esiphezulu sokuzilungiselela ngeli lixa unciphisa umthwalo wokusingqongileyo wokuzilolonga.

Imfaniso yenyani noqeqesho olusezantsi

Enye yezintsha ezisebenzayo zemekobume kukusetyenziswa okuziimfaniso eziziinyani. Uludwe lweenqanawa ezibonisa imiqondiso, umngcelele, kunye nemithambo yokwenza izigqibo zobuchule ivumela amajoni ukuba akhulise ubuchule obubalulekileyo ngaphandle kokuchitha amafutha abalulekileyo, ukudala ingxolo, okanye ukuphazamisa kwemekobume. Ugada weSizwe uthenge imali eninzi kwiindawo zemfaniso ezifakwe kwizixhobo zemfazwe, nto leyo ebangela ukuba amaqela aqeqeshe indawo engaphakathi ngokunempembelelo encinane yemekobume.

Xa uqeqesho oluphilayo luyimfuneko, uVavanyi bacwangcisa iindlela ezisezantsi ezingekho mgangathweni. Oku kubandakanya ukusebenzisa iimbumbulu ezingenanto endaweni yokuhlala kwimijikelo ethile, ukuqhuba umkhosi omncinci weyunithi kunokuqhuba izixhobo ezisetyenziswayo, kunye nokujikeleza iindawo zokuqeqesha ukuvumela uvukelo lwezityalo. Imimandla ecwangcisiweyo yoqeqesho ilawulwa ngaphantsi kwemiqathango ethwele umbilini, ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho mhlaba omnye usetyenziswa ngaphezu kwento ekhoyo.

Ezi ndlela zingqineke ziphumelela. Uphando oluqhutywa [```FLT'] Strategic Environmental Research kunye neNkqubo yoPhuhliso' lubonisa ukuba iindlela zoqeqesho olusezantsi zinganciphisa umonakalo wendawo yokuhlala ukuya ku 60% ngelixa ugcinwe okanye uphuculo lweqela lomsebenzi ngenxa yokuqwalaselwa, ukuqhelisa ngenhloso.

Izixhobo eziluhlaza kunye nezakhiwo

INational Guard ilungisa izixhobo zayo kunye nezibonelelo. Ukufumana okutsha kwezithuthi kufuneka kuhlangatyezwane nemilinganiselo engqongqo yokukhupha ungcoliso, kwaye izithuthi ezindala zikhutshwa ngezixhobo zokulawula ungcoliso. Izixhobo zokuxhasa ezifana nomatshini bokuphehla umbane, iinkqubo zokukhanyisa, kunye ne-purifier yamanzi zikhethwa ngenxa yamandla azo kunye nembonakalo esezantsi yokukhupha ungcoliseko.

Kufakelo oluzinzisiweyo, uVavanyi basebenzisa ulungiso lwamanzi olusebenzayo, olwaziwa ngokuba yi-xeriscapting, olunciphisa iimfuno zokunkcenkceshela. Izakhiwo ziphuculwa ngesibane seLED, i-thermostat entle, kwaye ziphuculwe. Amanye amaziko ogada afumana i-LEED aqinisekisiwe, eqonda ukubambelela kwawo kwimilinganiselo ezinzileyo ephakamileyo. Ezi ziphuculo zivelisa intengiso yexabiso lexesha elide kwaye zibonakalisa ukuzinikela kwaBalindi kukhokelo lwemekobume.

Ulawulo lwezibonelelo zoluntu

INational Guard iyaqonda ukuba ukulondoloza indalo akunakuphumelela.

Ukubuyiselwa Kwendawo Esihlala Kuyo Nokuhlakulelwa Kwamahlathi

Iiyunithi ezininzi zoKhuseleko zithatha inxaxheba ekuhlaziyweni nasekuhlahleni kwemisebenzi yazo yoluntu njengenxalenye yemisebenzi yokubophelelana. Ngokomzekelo, iQumrhu liye lasebenzisana ne-Arbor Day Foundation, amasebe amahlathi karhulumente, kunye neekhomponi zokukhusela imimandla yasekuhlaleni ukutyala izigidi zemithi kumazwe kawonke-wonke nawasemkhosini. Ezi misebenzi ibuyisela amahlathi awonakalisiwe, i-carbon ewediater, kwaye yenza imisebenzi eluhlaza kwingingqi yasekuhlaleni.

Kwimimandla yonxweme, abaPhathi-mikhosi baye babandakanyeka ekulungiseni ithafa, ekutyaleni amaplanga e-mangrove kunye nengca yomgxobhozo ekhusela unxweme ekukhukulisekeni kunye nokudumba koqhwithela. Embindini, amaqela aye anceda ekubuyiseni izigcini ezidilikayo emilanjeni nasemijelweni, ukuphucula umgangatho wamanzi kunye neendawo zokuhlala iintlanzi. Le misebenzi yezandla ikhuthaza ukuthand ’ izandla phakathi konogada nengingqi, ngeli ngelixesha inika iingenelo ezibonakalayo zemekobume.

Imfundo noxanduva lukawonke-wonke

Ngaphandle kokubuyiselwa emzimbeni, abaPhathi-mikhosi bafaka ingeniso kwimfundo yokusingqongileyo. Amacandelo afumana iindawo zokusebenzela izikolo zasekuhlaleni, amathala eenqwelo-moya achaza isikhokelo kumazwe aqeqeshiweyo, kwaye anikela imiboniso ngemibandela yokulondoloza indalo kwiziganeko zoluntu. Ezi nkqubo zijolise ekuphapheleni ukudibana komkhosi nokukhuselwa kwemekobume.

Kwakhona iQuega basebenzisana neeyunivesithi kwiinkqubo zophando ezinxulumene nokulawula umhlaba, ukulondolozwa kwemozulu kunye nokujongwa kwemekobume. Ezi zifundo zivelisa ulwazi oluchaza iinkqubo zomkhosi nolondolozo lwenzululwazi. Ngokubelana ngamava nocelomngeni lwazo, iSizwe sogada sinegalelo ekuqondeni ngokudibeneyo indlela imibutho emikhulu enokusebenza ngayo ngokuzinzileyo.

Uhlolisiso Lwetyala Kukhokelo Lokulondoloza Izilwanyana

Imizekelo yehlabathi yokwenene ibonisa indlela ezisetyenziswa ngayo izibophelelo zeSizwe zokusingqongileyo. Uphando lwamatyala amabini lubonisa inyathelo elinempembelelo.

Izakhiwo Zoqeqesho Oluluhlaza Ziyasebenza

Iiyunithi ezininzi zoqeqesho lwabalindi ziye zavelisa iindawo zoqeqesho oluluhlaza ezisebenza njengeelaboratori ezisebenzayo kwimisebenzi yomkhosi exhasiweyo. Umzekelo ophawulekayo liZiko loqeqesho leCamp Ripley eMinnesota. Esi sakhiwo sidibanise ukubuyiselwa kwebala elisethaleni, ugcino-mandla olulondolozwayo, kunye nezixokelelwano zamandla ahlaziyekayo kwindawo yaso yokuqeqesha. Izixhobo zelanga zinikezela ngenxalenye yombane wesiseko sombane, ngelixa iinkqubo zokuphatha amanzi zithatha kunye necebo lokucoca phambi kokuba zifikelele emanzini asekuhlaleni.

Inkampu iRipley ihlola inani labantu abakwizilwanyana zasendle kunye nokuziphatha okulawulekayo ukugcina iinguqu ezisemagqagaleni zisempilweni. Oku kutsha akuncedisi kwindalo kuphela kodwa kukwanika uqeqesho olubalulekileyo kumalungu alindileyo asenokuba kufuneka alwe imililo yelanga. Esi sinxulumaniso solawulo lwemekobume kunye nokulungelelaniswa komkhosi lungaqinisana njani. Iinkqubo ezifanayo zikhona eCamp Murray eWashington nase Joint Base Cod eMassachusetts, nganye ilungele indalo ekhethekileyo yommandla wabo.

Ukusabela Kwintlekele Kweziko Lokusingqongileyo

Ngexesha lemisebenzi yokuphendula kwintlekele, iNational Guard isebenzisa imigaqo yayo yokukhusela iphantsi kwengcinezelo egqithisileyo. Kwiziphumo zeSitshingitshane uMichael ePankandle yaseFlorida, amaqela asebenza ecaleni kweNkonzo yeNkundla ukucoca ukungcola ngexesha lokhuseleko lomhlaba kunye nobuncwane bamanzi. Aseka iindawo zokuhlala kwiindawo ezikuchitha ubungozi bezinto, aseka iindawo zokuqokelela inkunkuma yexeshana, kwaye asebenzisa ubuchule bokusingqongileyo ukuphatha inkunkuma enkulu eneenkqhwithela.

EKhalifoniya, abasebenzi behelikopta ababandakanyeke ekucinezeleni umlilo odalwe ngokuchanekileyo basebenzisa amanzi athoba ukunciphisa umonakalo kwizinto ezihamba emanzini. Ukusebenzisana kwabo namaqumrhu asebenza ngemekobume kwaqinisekisa ukuba imichiza ephazamisayo yokucima umlilo isetyenziswe kuphela apho kuyimfuneko ngokupheleleyo, ukunciphisa ingozi kwindalo yasemanzini. Ezi zinto zibonisa ukuba naxa iimeko ziyingozi, i-gada alizibeki ecaleni iimfanelo zayo zokusingqongileyo kodwa endaweni yoko lizifake kwicebo lokusabela.

Ukuphumelela Nokukhangela Kwikamva

Ukuqinisekisa ukuphendula nokuqhuba inkqubela eqhubekayo, iNational Guard ilandela indlela esebenza ngayo imekobume ngemiqathango emiselweyo kunye neenkqubo zokunika ingxelo.

Ingxelo

I-gada lilinganisa impumelelo ngemiqondiso enjengokuncitshiswa kwegesi ekhupha igesi eshushu, ipesenti yenkunkuma, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwijoni ngalinye, nendawo yokuhlala ebuyiselwe okanye ekhuselweyo. Le millimeters zixelwa minyaka le kwi-DoD kwaye zenziwa zifumaneke kuluntu ngeengxelo zokusebenza kwemeko-bume. Amaqela adlula kujongwa kumaxhoba okulondolozwa kwezinto, afana noNobhala weDefense Environment Awards, obalaselisa iimpumelelo ezibalaseleyo kulawulo lwemekobume.

Uphicotho-zincwadi lwemekobume luqhutywa rhoqo ukuchaza izithuba kunye neendawo zokuphucula. Ukufumana kwezi nkcukacha kukhokelela kwizenzo zokulungisa kunye noqeqesho oluhlaziyiweyo lwezifundo zesikolo. Le nkqubo iqinisekisa ukuba ulondolozo luhlala lusebenza kwaye luphucula umsebenzi woKhuselo lweSizwe, hayi inkqubo emileyo.

Ulwalathiso Lwexesha Elizayo Ekulondolozweni Komkhosi

Xa ijonge phambili, uKhuselo lwesizwe luhlola iinkalo ezininzi ezivelayo ekulondolozweni kwemikhosi. Ukuzinziswa kwemozulu kuyinto ekhulayo, njengoko isiseko kunye neendawo zoqeqesho zijongene nonyuko oluphezulu lweqondo lolwandle, imbalela, kunye nemozulu embi. Ugada usebenza ne U.S.Umkhosi waMaqumrhu e-Engineers ukuqwalasela i-indawo ezimeleyo kunye nesiseko esiqinileyo ngokunjalo.

Enye indawo ephuculiweyo kukusetyenziswa kogcino-lwazi olunenkcazelo engqukuva kunye nokuva okukude ukuqwalasela iimeko zemekobume kumazwe okuqeqeshwa kuwo. IiDrone kunye nemifanekiso yezobugcisa yendalo zivumela abaphathi bemeko-bume ukuba balandele izityalo, imilinganiselo yentlalo, kunye nentshukumo yezilwanyana ngexesha lokwenene, zincede ulawulo lwelizwe olunempumelelo. Ugada lukwalawula imifanekiso yemeko yezoqoqosho engqukuva, apho izinto ezilahlwayo ziphinda zifakwe kwimveliso ezintsha okanye amandla, nto leyo enciphisa imfuneko yokusetyenziswa kwalathiselwa ngaphandle.

Ukuzinikela kweNational Guard kulondolozo lwemekobume kubonisa ukuvunywa ngokubanzi kokuba ukulungelelanisa umkhosi nempilo entle yendalo kuxhomekeke. Ngokukhusela ubuncwane bendalo obugcina uqeqesho lwamazwe kunye noluntu olungqongileyo, ugada uqinisekisa ukuba lungaluphumeza uthumo lwawo kwizizukulwana ezizayo. Ngokuthobela ngokusemthethweni, ngokuqalisa, ngokutshayelelana kwebutho labantu, kunye nempucuko yokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo, iNational Guard ibonisa indlela imibutho eninzi yemilinganiso enokuthi idibane nemisebenzi yayo engundoqo ngaphandle kokulalanisa.