Isizathu Sokuba Ukubalwa Ngokuchanileyo Kube Nenxaxheba Kwimibandela KumaMerika Nakubemi Bomthonyama

Ubalo lwamanani olungapheliyo lubumba ukusasazwa kweendlela namanzi, kunye neenkqubo zokuxhasa inkxaso-mali engaphezulu kwe-R2,5 yezigidi zezigidi zemali karhulumente. Kuluntu lwaseMelika nakubemi boMdabu base-Indiya, le nkxaso ixhasa ngokuthe ngqo iinkonzo ezibalulekileyo ezinjengokunyamekela impilo ngeNkonzo ye-Indiya, iminikelo yemfundo enikezelwa yi-Bureau of Indian Education, izakhiwo zezemfundo, kunye neenkqubo zezindlu zezindlu zezindlu zezindlu, kunye neenkqubo zezindlu zezindlu zezindlu. I-ofisi yezindlu zokuhlala ithelekelela imimandla ephezulu yentlalo zoqoqosho esele ijongene ngokuphawulekayo. Nangona le midabini ephezulu, iMelika kunye ne-Alaswords Intelligean ifuna ukubalamga yolwazi olunzulu kakhulu kuluntu olunesidima nakumgangatho wolawulo lwempucuko.

Ukuqonda Izithintelo Zokuba Nenxaxheba

Ukungathembani Kwimbali Yogcino - lwazi Lukarhulumente

Ukungathembani kukarhulumente wase-United States akunasihlahla. Kwizizukulwana, iinkqubo zikarhulumente zazama ngamandla ukuchitha ulawulo lwesizwe, ukuphazamisa izithethe zelizwe, nokukhupha ulwazi ngeenjongo eziyingozi. Ilifa lezikolo ezihlalisa abantu base-Indiya, ukufuduswa kwenye indawo, kunye nezivumelwano ezophukileyo ziyaqhubeka zibumba indlela amalungu esizwe akujonga ngayo isicelo sikarhulumente solwazi lobuqu. Iziganeko ezikhethekileyo, njengokusetyenziswa kukarhulumente ekubaleni ulwazi ngexesha lokwabelwa kwesizwe, ukufumanisa nokudilinywa kwelizwe lonke, okanye ukukhutshwa komsebenzi wokuvala inzala yamabhinqa oogqirha bezempilo baseIndiya kwii-70, ziye zadala ukukrokrala okunzulu kokungasetyenziswa kwenkcazelo ngokuchasene nabantu baseMveli. Amalungu amaninzi oluntu asoyika ukuba asetyenziswe ngomthetho okanye acuthelwe umhlaba okanye ahlaliswe imali. Oku kungenxa yokuzinziwa kwembali kusoloko kusenziwa ityala.

Iingxaki Zolwimi Nenkcubeko

Iilwimi ezingaphezu kwe- 150 zelizwe zisathethwa kulo lonke elase-United States, ezininzi zazo ezingenambhalo okanye ezisengozini yokuphela. Izinto zobalo-manani ziguqulelwe kwiilwimi ezimbalwa ezithethwa kakhulu mandulo — iilwimi zase-Melika kunye ne-Alaska amaIndiya kunye nezoMda ibe zingekho kakhulu kwiinguqulelo ezisemthethweni de kube ngumjikelo wakutshanje. Kwanaxa iinguqulelo zikho, iingcamango ezifana “nendlu,” okanye ubumi bungachaphazeli kakuhle kwiinkcubeko zendalo. Umzekelo, amalungiselelo okuhlala eNtshona Koloni okanye imikhwa yokufumana abantwana abatsha ingenza imibuzo yobalo idide. Imibaliso engekho mdlalwano ephambili kunye neminye enokuba ngabaphi abaphendulayo. Ngaphandle kwemicimbini yolwimi, iintsapho ezininzi azinandibaniselwa nje.

Ukwahlula Amanani Nokwahlukaniswa KweeNgingqi

Uqhagamshelwano oluthembekileyo lwe-Intanethi ngoku lubalulekile ekusabeleni kwi-intanethi. Kodwa kwimimandla emininzi nakwiidolophana zamaNavajo ase-Alaska, ukufikelela kwi-drug kuhlala kusikelwe kakhulu. Ngokwe-FCC, malunga nama-65% kuphela abantu abahlala kumazwe esizwe abakwazi ukufikelela kwi-drive, xa kuthelekiswa nama-90% abantu abahlala kwimimandla esemaphandleni e-U.

I-ecoographic kunye nemozulu ephelise ucelomngeni

Uninzi lwamaNative ase-Melika kunye namaNational ase-Alaska lukwimimandla ekude kakhulu — ukusuka kumazwe amakhulu eNavajo (ezizikwekhilomitha ezingama-27 000) ukuya kwiidolophana ezikwanti zaseNtshona Alaska ezifumaneka kuphela ngenqwelo-moya encinane okanye ngekhephu. Imozulu enzima, ukhukuliseko, kunye neendlela ezidlulayo zinokuthintela abahlali ekufikeleleni amakhaya ngexesha le-CUROLIOVID-19. Ingxaki yesongelo yasetyenziswa njengendawo yasentsimini okanye yamiswa okanye yaliwa. Kwanakumaxesha aqhelekileyo, ukutsalela nokugcina abantu abakulungeleyo ukuhamba imigama emide nokuhamba ngenqanawa abafuna ukuhamba kwiindawo ezinzima ingumqobo enzima inzima iyalucelomngeni.

Imbali Nemvelaphi Yokungathembani

Ukwakha impumelelo yokufikelela, kubalulekile ukuqonda iziganeko ezithile zembali eziye zaguqula imbono yabantu base-Iraho yokuthabatha inxaxheba kubalo lwabantu. Ubalo lwabantu lwase-U.S. lwaqala ukuqhutywa ngowe-1790, kodwa aluzange lubale amaNdiya aseMelika ngokungaguquguqukiyo okanye ngendlela eyawahlonelayo ulawulo lwawo. Kangangamashumi eminyaka, abantu belizwe lalapho babeye bakhutshwa okanye balinganiswe ngeendlela ezinciphisa inzuzo yesizwe ngenxa yezopolitiko. Ubalo lwama-1880, umzekelo, luvumele amagosa e-Indiya ukuba anike amalungu esizwe njenge "Antinawahliswangahlawulwangarhafunwanga" ukuba ayephila ngokufanelekileyo, abakhankani. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, ubalo lwasetyenziswa ngamagosa asekuhlaleni ukulungiselela i-mashishini ezwe nokugqiba ukubalwa kwelizwe.

Kwimbali yakutshanje, ii1970 zabona iSebe lezempilo yoLuntu lase-U.S. kunye neNkonzo yezeMpilo yaseIndiya ikhupha isinqumlisi kumabhinqa ahlala eIndian, ngokufuthi ngaphandle kwemvume engokolwazi. Nangona oku kwakungeyosenzo sokubala abantu, kwasekwa inkolelo yokuba nayiphi na ingqokelela yogcino-lwazi karhulumente ingenzelwa ukulwa neziqu zamaIndiya. Isiphumo sisifo esibangela ukuba nasiphi na isicelo solwazi lobuqu — kuquka nokubalwa kwabantu — imbali enzulu.

Uhlolo lwenkcubeko

Ukunikela Iinkokeli Neenkokeli Zesizwe Nabadala

Amanyathelo okubala asebenzayo aqhutywa ngabantu ngokwabo. Ulawulo lwezizwe luthetha ukuba oorhulumente besizwe banegunya lokugqiba indlela okwenzeka ngayo ukubalwa kwabantu kumazwe abo. Ukufikelela phantsi kwemisebenzi yoluntu kunqabile ukuphumelela. Endaweni yoko, kufuneka ziqale ngokuthetha ngokusemthethweni namabhunga esizwe neenkokeli zokomoya. Izizwe ezininzi zigqithisa isigqibo sokuxhasa ukubalwa kwabantu, ukuphawula amalungu ebutho lawo athatha inxaxheba. Abadala banempembelelo enkulu njengabagcini bolwazi namazwi athenjwayo. Ziwaquka ekulungiseleleni iintlanganiso, iintlanganiso, ukuqeqesha, kunye nezibhengezo zenkonzo zasekuhlaleni ziqinisekisa ukuba imiyalezo ithethwa ngendlela efanelekileyo. Umthetho karhulumente weBrebiauganda, osungulwe ngo-2012, kufuneka ukuba kuququlwe rhoqo, kodwa kufuneka ukuba kuquququze iprojela imicimbi yasekuhlaleni.

Ukufikelela kulwimi nezinto eziluncedo ngokwenkcubeko

Ukuguqulelwa kodwa akwanele — izixhobo kufuneka zilungiswe ukuze zibonise izithethe, izithethe ezidluliselwa ngomlomo, kunye nemiqondiso ecacileyo yoluntu. Umzekelo, i-Census Bureau of “Lizwe Lesizwe Lesizwe Lesizwe i-Indian Irenian Resource Kit,” elikhoyo ukwenzela i-202020 Censurebration, kuquka ubugcisa obuvela kwi-Iverticalgn kunye ne-practing echaziwe ziingcali zolwimi lwesizwe. Amacandelo kanomathotholo kwii-radioglasi kwii-Navajok, iiholo zedolophu ezithetha ngebali, kunye nezikhokelo ezichaza inkqubo yokubala ngokwezibonelelo ezibhalwe phantsi kwesiNgesi zonke iinkquluko kunye nentluvo ezibhaliweyo. Xa izinto ezibhaliweyo ziyimfuneko, kufuneka zivezwe ngokwendlela kunye neenkqubo zolwimi lwesizwe.

Ingqokelela yogcino-lwazi olusekelwe kuluntu kunye nezibonelelo zobulali

Ukusuka kuluntu kunezinye zezixhobo zokwakha intelekelelo ezinamandla. Abalawuli beendawo bayazazi izithethe zasekuhlaleni, bayayazi ijografi, kwaye basenokufumana ulwamkelo emakhayeni. Bangachaza ukubalwa kwabantu ngokweenkcazo eziqhelekileyo nangezincoko ezinxulumene nokufihla imfihlo ngqo. Ngexesha le 202020 yemida, izizwe ezininzi zaseka “I-Complete Counting Counts" ezathi zaqesha abemi basekuhlaleni njengeekhenketho. Abanye oorhulumente besizwe basebenza ii-ofisi zabo zokubala, ngokwahlukene nabasebenzi be-Centiesbaurage Bureaues, banika amalungu aqhelekileyo ubuso ukuze bajike. Le mizekelo inceda ukuboyisa imiqobo: Abalawuli bendlela bomhlaba bazi ukuba zigqithephi iindlela zobumda, ezithe zafuduka, nalapho zifumana khona izindlu ngaphandle kweedilesi.

Ubuxhakaxhaka bobuxhaka kunye ne-media kumxholo

Nangona ukufikelela kweminxeba kulinganiselwe, iintsapho ezininzi zelizwe lasekuhlaleni zinecellular phone, kwaye iinkonzo zokuthumela imiyalezo zinokuba yibhulorho esebenzayo. Iingingqi ezininzi zesizwe zisebenzisa amaphulo e-SMS ukukhumbuza abahlali ngeeyure zobalo, ukunikezela ikhonkco elingqalileyo kwi-intanethi okanye inombolo yomnxeba ukuba litsale umnxeba. Iiqonga zezezezentlalo-ntle-ntle-ntle njengeFacebook kunye neInstagram zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo zokutyela, ingakumbi kumalungu amatshana anokukhuthaza izalamane ezikhulile ukuba zibe nenxaxheba. Isitshixo sobalo-nomathotholo, esihlala singumthombo oyintloko weendaba kwimimandla ekude, kufuneka sibe yinxalenye yendlela ephakathi yecebo lokungena. Izibhengezo iilwimi zasekuhlaleni, njengee-wwwwss, i-filos, kunye nee-miskitsking, zifikelela kubantu abangaze bafunde ifomu ye-imeyili. Isitshixo se-gnoptoptoptooggggn, i-ognomes, i-ognomey ye

Amaqabane Aphumelelayo Ukuze Axhaswe

Umanyano loManyano noLuntu loMkhosi

I-Censure Bureau ye-U.S. iqhube inyathelo elifanelekileyo kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje ukuqhuba unxulumano olusemthethweni noorhulumente besizwe. Iphepha leSibonelelo seSizwe inikela ukhokelo, i-webinars, kunye neendawo zokunxibelelana ne-Fritan Complient Count — amaqela asekuhlaleni asungulwe phambi kobalo ngalunye — aquququzelela imigudu kunye nengxelo yeengxaki zokufumana ubalo lwengingqi. Kwimijikelezo ye-2030, i-dvoctacy sele iphantsi kokwandisa uphuhliso-mali lwesizwe nokuncedisana kweKomiti ye-Aviom yonyaka edibana nobalo.

Imibutho Engenangeniso NeyobuGcisa

Intlangano ezinjenge [FLT] i-National Congress of American Indian (NCAI]) kunye ne-[FLT]GONTment American Rights Fund ([FARF]][FF]][FLT]][FLT]]]] inikezela ngoovimba ababalulekileyo bokuthabatha inxaxheba. UMbutho we-NaCAI'S Bacrobec Butting Buts, iqhuba uqeqesho, kunye nemibandela yokuphucula i-GOGOGOG. I-UNINUM (UM) ijolise kubalo lwe-II-IMGOPLAS, ezithelekelelwa nakwezii-70% ze-Ediansssss, iyakwazi ukusebenza kwimibutho elinguqulukelo oluqhelekileyo phakathi kwe-omatina .

Inkxaso yoncedo kunye neNgxowa-mali yeeNkcukacha

Iziseko zolawulo ziphawule ngokukhulayo ukubaluleka kokubalwa kwabantu ukuze bafumane i-equity. Kwi-2020 yezigidi zeerandi ezinika intlawulo zathunyelwa kwimibutho yesizwe ngentsebenziswano enjenge-Census Equity Fund ne-We Count. Noko ke, inkxaso eqhubekayo yemali iyafuneka ngaphaya komjikelo weminyaka elishumi. Iinkqubo ezininzi zokufumana inani labantu besizwe zisungulwa iinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba ukuba kuqalise ukubalwa kobalo, ngexesha elincinane lokwakha okanye ukuqesha abasebenzi. Utyalo lwexesha elide kwisiseko sogcino-data lwasekuhlaleni — njengamaziko olwazi lwasekuhlaleni, iinkqubo zoguqulelo, kunye nokuqeqeshwa kobugcisa bokufunda amanani — zingahlawulwa nje kuphela ngenxa yobalo oluchanekileyo kodwa zonke iingxelo zexesha elizayo ezixhomekeke ekuthembeni kwabo.

Amabali Aphumelelayo Avela Kwizizwe

Imizekelo yokuphumelela kobalo-manani inika izifundo ezisebenzisekayo. KwiNavajo, umgudu omkhulu ngowama-2020 owenziwa kwizindlu zesahluko — izakhiwo zolawulo zasekuhlaleni — njengeendawo zokudwelisa. Amagosa esahluko anika abadala izithuthi, izidlo zasekuhlaleni, kwaye anikela uncedo olungqalileyo lokuzalisa le ndlela. Izibhengezo zikanomathotholo ezisetyenziswayo kumaNavajo zafikelela abemi kulo lonke ilizwe. Isiphumo yaba yile ngxaki yokuba, nangona kwakusengaphantsi kwe-avareji yesizwe, kwabonisa inkqubela ecacileyo kunyaka wama-2010.

E-Alaska, ikomkhulu lasemaphandleni leBheteli kunye needolophana ezingqonge iYup'ik zaphumelela ekuthinteleni iilwimi ngokuvelisa iividiyo ezifutshane ezichaza ukubalwa kwabantu eYup'ik nasesiNgesini. Iinkonzo zempilo zasekuhlaleni, ezazisele zinolwalamano oluthembekileyo neentsapho, zaqeqeshelwa ukuxubusha ngokubalwa kwabantu ngexesha lokutyelelwa ekhaya. ICensus Bureaunior yaphinda yalungiselela “ukuphulaphula iintlanganiso apho abadala babeneenkxalabo, kwaye ezo ntlanganiso ziphembelela ngqo indlela imibuzo eyayichatshazelwa ngayo kwimijinga elandelayo.

IKootenai Bunjal eMontana yathatha indlela yokuqala: ibhunga lesizwe laphumeza isigqibo sokuvakalisa ukubandakanyeka kobalo lwabantu isenzo sokuzigqibela. Baqesha abadweli babo kwaye basebenzisa ikhompyutha ehambayo ukuqokelela iimpendulo nakwiindawo ezingekho kwi-intanethi. Le modeli yayihlonelwa yaze yavelisa ulawulo lwesizwe oluphantse luphelele kuzo zonke iintsapho ezifanelekileyo.

Icebiso Ngobalo Lwexesha Elizayo Naxa Uthe Wadlula

Ukukhangela phambili, utshintsho oluninzi lwezakhiwo lungabangela ukuba kube lula. Okokuqala, iBhunga leNtshukumo kufuneka liqhubeke lisenza sisebenze kakuhle inkqubela yalo yokuhlola isizwe, lisenze sisebenze kunokuba sifake isaziso. Okwesibini, “Izibonelelo zeMelika Ezipheleleyo” ezisisigxina — ezixhaswayo ngonyaka wonke — ziya kuvumela abantu ukuba bakhe ubuchule kunokukhuphisana nyaka ngamnye. Inkqubela phambili kuluhlu lwedilesi lwamazwe esizwe kufuneka isetyenziswe yi-tellitellite kunye nomanyano lwasekuhlaleni kunokuba ixhomekeke kwizithuthi zeposi. Okwesine, ukwamkelwa kwendlela ezininzi zokuphendula — kuquka iifomu, ifowuni, ikhompyutha, kunye ne-person — kufuneka igcinwe, ecaleni kwabasebenzi abayahluleli bemi-mfono abathetha iilwimi ezininzi ze-Iunivalvance.

Iinguqu zomthetho, ezinjengokwandisa ixesha lokuphendula ngokwemiba yabantu kwimimandla ekude yesizwe okanye ukunikezela nge-intanethi ehambayo ehambayo, zisenokunciphisa imimandla engaphantsi kwe-intanethi. Okokugqibela, ulawulo logcino-lwazi yingcamango ekhoyo yokuba izizwe ezininzi zixhasa: ilungelo lokulawula indlela i-data eqokelelwa ngayo, egcinwe ngayo, nesetyenziswayo. Xa izizwe zineenkcazelo zazo, zikholose ngenkqubo ezenzekayo.

Isiphelo

Ukunika ubalo oluchanileyo lweendawo zamaNative Merika kunye namaZiko elizwe akuyongxaki nje yobugcisa — ngumbandela wokungalingani, okusesikweni, nokuzithemba. Wonke umntu ongaxelwanga umela ukulahleka kwemali ezikolweni, ukunyamekela impilo, iindlela, kunye neenkqubo zokulondoloza impucuko. Kodwa ngaphezu koko, ukucima nokungalingani komdla nelizwi kwinkqubo yedemokhrasi exhomekeke kwidemokhrasi. Ngokubeka intembeko, ulawulo, nokuzibandakanya ngobuchule, oorhulumente besizwe, oorhulumente besizwe, abasebenzisana bengeniso, kunye neemali zemali, ziyakwazi ukwakha ikamva apho wonke umntu ovelayo, obalwayo, owe, owevayo. Indlela engaphambili ifuna umgudu othelekelelwayo, ukuthobeka ngenxa yokuzingxhwanguphaza kwembali, kunye nokusebenzisana kobunyani ekuzukiseni ubulumko boorhulumente boluntu