Ukufumana inkcazelo evela kumasebe karhulumente lilungelo elisisiseko elinika amandla abemi, abaphandi, amashishini, kunye neengcaphephe ezingokwasemthethweni ukuba bahlale benolwazi ngemisebenzi karhulumente baze bafumane ulwazi oluchanabileyo. Enoba ufuna iingxelo zikawonke-wonke ngenxa yezomthetho, uphando lwemfundo, ukuthotyelwa kwezoshishino, okanye imicimbi yobuqu, ukuqonda indlela yokulawula iinkqubo zesebe zikarhulumente ngokunempumelelo inokukusindisa kwaye iqinisekise ukuba ufumana ulwazi oluchanileyo. Olu khokelo lunentsingiselo luza kukunceda udlule kuyo yonke inkalo yokufumana nokusebenzisa ulwazi kumaziko karhulumente, ukusuka ekuchazeni isebe elifanelekileyo ukuya ekunikeleni izicelo ezisemthethweni nokuqonda amalungelo akho asemthethweni.

Ukuqonda i-arhente ye-Arhente yeSizwe kunye nombutho

Oorhulumente balungelelanisa abameli babo ngokusebenza nangombandela abawubekayo ukuze bancede uluntu ngokubanzi. Urhulumente ngamnye ugcina intaphane yamasebe ajongene neenkonzo ezithile ezifana nezempilo neenkonzo zabantu, ezothutho, imfundo, ukhuseleko lwemekobume, umsebenzi, irhafu kunye nengeniso, irhafu kunye nomthetho, kunye nokhuseleko lukawonke-wonke. Ukuqonda eli lungiselelo lentlangano linyathelo lokuqala ekufumaneni ulwazi olufunayo.

Uninzi lwamazwe lulandela isakhiwo esifanayo solawulo olunee-arhente zomgangatho wekhabhinethi ezijonge amacandelo amaninzi kunye neebhureyithi. Umzekelo, iSebe lezempilo karhulumente lingaquka ukwahlulwa kobugcisa boluntu, iinkonzo zempilo yengqondo, iirekhodi ezibalulekileyo, kunye neendawo zokulungisa i-intwala zempilo. Icandelo ngalinye ligcina iirekhodi zalo nezixhobo zalo ezinxulumene nemisebenzi yalo ethile. Ukuzenza ube nobuchule ngale sakhiwo kukunceda ukuba ujonge uphando lwakho ngokunelisayo kwaye uqhagamshelane neofisi efanelekileyo ngqo.

Iiwebhsayithi zikarhulumente zinika iitshati zombutho kunye noovimba beenkonzo ezichaza iimbopheleleko zesebe ngalinye. Ezi zixhobo zixabiseke kakhulu ukugqiba ukuba yeyiphi isebe elinolwazi olukhethekileyo olufunayo. Amazwe amaninzi akwagcina ii-port ezisembindini ezikuvumela ukuba uphengulule amasebe amaninzi ngexesha elinye, uququzelela inkqubo yokufumana amasebe afanelekileyo.

Ukubona I-arhente Echanileyo Ngeemfuno Zakho Zolwazi

Isitshixo sokufumana ngokunempumelelo inkcazelo yombutho karhulumente kukuchonga isebe elichanekileyo ukususela ekuqaleni. Qala ngokuchaza ngokucacileyo ukuba yeyiphi inkcazelo oyifunayo kwaye kutheni uyifuna. Ngaba ufuna ukuneenkcukacha zentengiselwano, amanani abalulekileyo, imvume yokusingqongileyo, isiqinisekiso sobugcisa, okanye imizuzu yentlanganiso kawonke-wonke?

Qalisa uphando lwakho kwi-website karhulumente esemthethweni, edla ngokulandela indlela ye www.[state].gov. Ezi webhsayithi zinika umsebenzi wokuphendla, oovimba beenkonzo, kunye nohambo ngenqanawa olusekelwe kwisihloko olunokukunceda ufumane isebe elifanelekileyo. Amazwe amaninzi acwangcisa ii-website zawo ngabaphulaphuli (iingingqi, amashishini, iindwendwe) okanye zilandela iziganeko zobomi (ukuqala ishishini, ukutshata, ukuthenga impahla), ukwenza kube lula ukufumana abameli abafanelekileyo.

Ukuba akuqinisekanga ukuba liliphi isebe eligcina iirekhodi ozidingayo, qwalasela ukudibana nomgca ongundoqo wolwazi karhulumente okanye ukusebenzisa "Uqhagamshelwano Usebenza" kumsebenzi wewebhsayithi karhulumente. Abasebenzi belizwe bangasoloko bekulathisa kwisebe elichanekileyo kwaye banikezele ulwazi loqhagamshelano lweofisi ethile esingatha uhlobo lwakho lwesicelo. Ngaphezu koko, amaphondo amaninzi agcina iirekhodi zolawulo okanye iincwadi ezincedisa ekufumaneni iirekhodi zembali okanye ukufumana ukuba yeyiphi icandelo elikhoyo eligcina iindidi ezithile zolwazi.

Ingxamiseko yelizwe eliqhelekileyo nemisebenzi Yazo

Ukuqonda imisebenzi eqhelekileyo yamasebe aqhelekileyo karhulumente kungakunceda ukuba wazi ngokukhawuleza apho umele ukhangele khona inkcazelo ethile. ISebe loRhulumente okanye unobhala kaRhulumente uyakwazi ukusingatha ukubhaliswa koshishino, ii-ofisi zenkampani, iikomishini, kunye neengxelo zonyulo. ISebe leNgxelo-ntle ligcina iingxelo ezibalulekileyo ezifana nokuzalwa kwabantwana neziqinisekiso zokufa, uhlolo lweziko lempilo, kunye neengxelo zempilo yoluntu.

ISebe le-Mor Vehicles okanye i-Templations lilawula ilayisensi zomqhubi, ukubhaliswa kweemoto, neengxelo zokhuseleko lwendlela. Iibhodi zoochwepheshe zokujonga imisebenzi efana namayeza, umthetho, ukunyamekela amaziko, umhlaba, kunye nobugcisa bendalo. ISebe lezeNgxelo okanye i-Texas libamba iingxelo zerhafu, ngelixa iSebe le-Ortho lilawula inkcubeko yemisebenzi, iingxelo zokhuseleko lomsebenzi, nolwazi lwe-inshorensi.

Amasebe okusingqongileyo agcina imvume yokusebenza komgangatho womoya namanzi, ulawulo lwenkunkuma oluyingozi, kunye neenkqubo zokulondolozwa kwenkqubo. ISebe Lemfundo lijonge iziko lemfundo, iziqinisekiso zokufundisa, kunye nemfundo. Ukunyanzeliswa komthetho kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokhuseleko loluntu ilawula iingxelo zolwaphulo-mthetho, iinkonzo zongxamiseko, kunye nenkcazelo, nangona ukufikelela kwezi ngxelo kusenokuthintelwa ngenxa yezizathu eziyimfihlo nezokhuseleko.

Ukhangelo lwezibonelelo zengingqi kunye neeDatabase zamanani

Inkoliso yamaziko karhulumente andise ngokuphawulekayo ubukho bawo kwi-intanethi kwiminyaka yakutshanje, okwenza ubuninzi bolwazi olufikelelekayo kwiqonga lamanani. Ii-website ze-arhente zisebenza njengesixhobo sokuqala sokungena kwi-data ekhoyo, kwiingxelo, kwii-database, nakwizixhobo zokudlulisela izicelo ezibhaliweyo. Ngaphambi kokunikezela ngesicelo esisemthethweni, hlolisisa ngenyameko oko sele kufumaneka kwi-intanethi, njengoko oku kusoloko kukunika ulwazi olufuna ngokukhawuleza nangahlawulwa namaxabiso.

Ii-website zombutho wezoshishino zinika iintlobo eziliqela zezibonelelo zekhompyutha. Ii-database zikawonke-wonke zikuvumela ukuba ukhangele iirekhodi ezithile ezifana nelayisensi yezoshishino, isiqinisekiso sobugcisa, iirekhodi zempahla, kunye namatyala asenkundleni. Amasebe amaninzi anika oovimba abaziingcali ezibhaliswe ngamaphepha-mvume, amashishini abhalisiweyo, kunye nezibonelelo ezivumelekileyo. Ezi siseko zogcino-lwazi zisoloko zihlaziywa kwaye zinika iinkcukacha zexesha lokwenene.

Iingxelo zonyaka neempapasho zezibalo zinikela iinkcukacha ezibanzi malunga nemisebenzi yemibutho, iziphumo, kunye neziphumo zenkqubo yamanani. Ezi ngxelo zidla ngokupapashwa ngefomati yePDF kwaye zigcinwe kwiiwebhsayithi zezibonelelo kangangeminyaka emininzi, zikuvumela ukuba ulandele iinguqu ekuhambeni kwexesha. Amasebe amaninzi apapasha amaphepha-ncwadi, isibakala, neencwadana ezinenkcazelo ezichaza iinkqubo, iinkonzo, kunye neemfuno zolawulo.

Iiwebhsayithi ze-arhente ezihambayo ngokunempumelelo

Ukunyusa impumelelo yakho ekufumaneni ulwazi kwi-website zezibonelelo, sebenzisa umsebenzi wokukhangela wenxuwa ngamagama akhethekileyo anxulumene nophendlo lwakho. Ii-website ezininzi zikarhulumente ziquka izalathiso zokukhangela onke amaphepha namaxwebhu kwinxuwa. Zama amagama ophendlo olwahlukileyo ukuba umbuzo wakho wokuqala awuphumezi ziphumo, kwaye sebenzisa iimpawu zokucaphula ngqo ukushwankathela kwakho.

Hlola "Iingxelo" okanye "Iingxelo" amacandelo ewebhsayithi zombutho, asoloko equlathe amaphepha abanzi angafumanekiyo ngokuhamba jikelele. Jonga "Ida neZitatistiki" okanye "uphando" amacandelo anokuhlala kwidata, iingxelo zenzululwazi, kunye nocalulo lwentsingiselo. Abameli abaninzi bagcina "Imibuzo Ebuzwayo" (FAQ) amaphepha anika idilesi izicelo zolwazi oluqhelekileyo kunye nokhokelo ekufikeleleni kwiintlobo ezithile zeerekhodi.

Ukukhangela "Open Data" okanye "Ugcino-lwazi oluvulekileyo" ii-portages amanye amazwe asele ezamkelwe ukunikezela ngonikezelo oluninzi kwii-data zikarhulumente. Ezi nkcukacha zisoloko zikuvumela ukuba ukhuphele iiseti zogcino-lwazi ezinkulu kwiifomati ezahlukeneyo ukwenzela uhlalutyo kunye neenjongo zophando. Amanye amazwe athathe iinzame ezivulekileyo zogcino-lwazi ezenza ulwazi lukarhulumente lufikeleleke ngakumbi kwaye lusebenziseke kuwonke wonke.

Isebenzisa Ugcino-lwazi Oluvulekileyo Lwelizwe

Urhulumente omninzi useke ii-data ezivulekileyo ezisembindini ezithi zifake ii-data ezikhoyo ukusuka kumasebe amaninzi kwindawo enye efikelelekayo. Ezi ziqhagamsheli zimela inkqubela-phambili ebalulekileyo ekuboneni korhulumente kwaye zinika ii-data kwiifomati zomatshini ezifana neCSV, JSON, ne XML. Abasebenzisi bangakhuphela ulwazi, baluhlalutya, kwaye bajonge iinkcukacha ngemibandela esukela kwimpilo yoluntu nemfundo ukuya kwinkqubela-phambili yezothutho nezoqoqosho.

Iindawo zokubonisa ezivulekileyo zogcino-lwazi zidla ngokuquka izixhobo zokubonisana ezikuvumela ukuba uhlole ugcino-lwazi ngetshati, iigrafu, kunye neemaphu ngaphandle kokulayisha ezantsi iifomati ze data ezingalungiswanga. Ezi zixhobo zinokukunceda uqonde ngokukhawuleza intsingiselo neepateni kugcino-lwazi lukarhulumente. Ii-portals ezininzi zinika i-AP Is (Imidibaniso yeNkqubo yeNkqubo yeNkqubo) eyenza abaphuhlisi nabaphandi bakwazi ukufikelela inkqubo yogcino-lwazi ukwenzela ukudibanisa izicelo kunye neeprojekthi zophando.

Ukufumana ugcino-lwazi lwelizwe lakho oluvulekileyo, khangela "[igama lesithinteli] elivulekileyo" okanye khangela amakhonkco kwi webhsayithi enkulu karhulumente. Ezi ziqulathi- zincwadi ziquka iikhatagoti zedata ezicwangciswe ngesihloko, umbutho, okanye udidi lwedata, ukuze kube lula ukukhangela ii-data ezikhoyo. Izikhokelo zomsebenzisi noxwebhu lukunceda uqonde isakhiwo sogcino-lwazi, ukuhlaziya ubuninzi, kunye naziphi na iziphene okanye imingxubeko edityaniswe nee-data ezithile.

Ukuqonda Iingxelo Zoluntu Namalungelo Akho

Ngoxa i-Freedom of Information Act karhulumente (FOIA) isebenza kuphela kumasebe karhulumente okanye oorhulumente basekuhlaleni, lonke ilizwe limisele imithetho yalo yerekhodi kawonke-wonke elawula ukufikelela kwinkcazelo karhulumente neyasekuhlaleni. Le mithetho isekelwe kumgaqo wokuba iingxelo zikarhulumente zeze-orhulumente zizeze-wonke wonke kwaye kufuneka zifikeleleke ngaphandle kokuba iimvume ezithile zisebenza.

Imithetho yengxelo kawonke-wonke ihamba ngamagama amaninzi axhomekeke kurhulumente, kuquka iFOIA, iFAIL, Ilungelo Lokwazi, iSunshine Law, kunye neerekhodi ezivulekileyo. Nangona le mithetho isebenzisa amagama ahlukeneyo, iquka injongo enye yokukhuthaza ukubonakala korhulumente nokuphendula. Ukuqonda iingxelo ezithile zikarhulumente wakho kubalulekile ukuze ufumane ulwazi ngokunempumelelo kwaye wazi amalungelo akho ukuba isicelo asivunywanga.

Kucingelwa ukuba zonke iinkcukacha zikarhulumente zifumaneka kuluntu ngokubanzi, nangona ezinye iindidi zikhusela inkcazelo evakalayo efana nokuzifunela ubuqu, ukuphonononga okuqhubekayo komthetho, unxibelelwano olusemthethweni, iimfihlelo zorhwebo, kunye nemicimbi yokhuseleko lukawonke-wonke okanye lokhuseleko lwesizwe. Ii-arhente kufuneka zithethelele nasiphi na isigqibo sokuvimba iingxelo ngokucaphula iimvume ezikhethekileyo zokukhulula ezisemthethweni.

Uguqu-guquko lwesizwe kwimithetho yeziNcedo zikaRhulumente

Imithetho yerekhodi karhulumente yenzelwe ukuxhasa ingqiqo enye yondoqo yokubonakala kwembonakalo, kodwa ayifani, kwaye iimfuno zingahluka kakhulu kwiingingqi neendawo ezikhoyo. Olu mahluko ubonakala kwiindawo ezininzi ezingundoqo eziquka abanokucela iirekhodi, ii-alices zexesha lokuphendula, imirhumo yemirhumo, kunye neenkqubo zesibheno.

Kumgangatho wesizwe, iFOIA inika "nabani" unikezelo lokufanelekela ulwazi lukarhulumente kungakhathaliseki ukuba yiyiphi na imeko abahlala kuyo, kwaye amaphondo aquka iArizona neKansas alandela lo mzekelo. Noko ke, amanye amazwe athintela ufikelelo kubemi okanye kubemi. Ukuqonda iimfuno zobunjani belizwe lakho kubalulekile phambi kokunikezela isicelo.

Kumgangatho wesizwe, akukho sithuba sinye somtyaba wesizwe ekuvumeni nasekuzaliseni izicelo zolwazi lukawonke-wonke, kwaye ngoxa i-11 yezomazwe inganyanzelisi i-arhente yexesha eligunyazisiweyo, inkoliso ifuna ukuba abaphathi-lwazi lukawonke-wonke baphendule kwinani elithile lentsuku. Umzekelo, eCalifornia, amaqumrhu kufuneka agqibe ukuba iingxelo ezinokubhalwa zikwiziko lombutho kwaye zazise umfaki-sicelo, kwaye kwiimeko ezithile, isebe lingacela ulwandiso. Umthetho we-Sconshinet ufuna isicelo "ngokungangoko kunokwenzeka," kodwa hayi emva kwesiphelo sosuku lwesithathu loshishino emva kweriso, kwaye ukuba iingxelo azifumaneki ngoko nangoko, umgcini-ofisi kufuneka achaze ukulizisa umhla wokuqala nosuku kunye neerekhodi ezizakubakho.

Iintsontela eziqhelekileyo kwiingxelo zikawonke-wonke

Ngoxa imithetho yerekhodi kawonke-wonke ivuma ukutyhilwa, kwakhona bayazazi izizathu ezifanelekileyo zokungangeni nkcazelo ethile. Ukungakhululeki okuqhelekileyo kuquka iingxelo ezinokuthi zihlasele imicimbi yobuqu, njengeengxelo zezamayeza, amanani okhuseleko, needilesi zamakhaya. Iingxelo zokunyanzeliswa koMthetho zisenokungaxhomekeki ukuba ukuvunywa komthetho bekungaphazamisana nophando oluqhubekayo, amangqina ayingozi, okanye ukutyhila iindlela zophando.

I-athorney ekwindawo ephezulu yonxibelelwano olufanelekileyo kunye nemveliso yomsebenzi wamagqwetha ikhuselwe ekufumaneni imfihlo yokugcina imfihlo efunekayo ukuze imelo lomthetho liphumelele. Iimfihlelo zorhwebo kunye nolwazi loshishino oludluliselwe kumasebe karhulumente lungakhululwa ukuze kukhuselwe izilangazelelo zokhuphiswano. Iingxelo ezinxulumene nokuzingisa, imicimbi yabasebenzi, kunye neenkqubo zokhuseleko zidla ngokukhululwa.

Izicelo kufuneka zifake ukhutshelo oluncinci kwaye zikhuphe nawaphi na amacandelo eerekhodi anokutyhilwa ngeli xesha kuchazwa ulwazi lwangaphandle kuphela. Lo msebenzi, owaziwa njengolucaciweyo okanye olubomvu, uqinisekisa ukubonakala okuphezulu ngexa ukhusela izilangazelelo ezisemthethweni. Ukuba umbutho ukhanyela isicelo sakho ngokusekelwe ekukhululweni, kufuneka ucaphule ilungiselelo elingokwasemthethweni elithethelela ukukhanyelwa.

Izicelo zobuGcisa boLuntu

Xa ulwazi olufunayo lungekho kwi-intanethi okanye ngophando olungacwangciswanga, ungafaka isicelo serekhodi likawonke-wonke phantsi komthetho werekhodi karhulumente. Isicelo kufuneka sibe sencwadini kwaye ngokufanelekileyo sichaze iirekhodi ozifunayo, kwaye inkoliso yamasebe karhulumente ngoku yamkela izicelo zeFOIA ngekhompyutha, kuquka ngefom yeweb, i-imeyili okanye i-fax.

Xa unikezela isicelo seFOIL, yiba ngongqale kangangoko kunokwenzeka ekuchazeni iirekhodi eziceliweyo kwaye ziquke imihla enxulumeneyo, amagama, inkcazelo, njl.

Drafti isicelo esibhaliweyo esiquka iinkcukacha ezithile ezifana nomhla wesicelo, igama lakho kunye nolwazi loqhagamshelano, inkcazelo yeerekhodi ozifunayo, kunye nesakhelo sexesha olicelayo iirekhodi. Yichaze ngokucacileyo ukuba ufuna ukuvavanya iirekhodi ezisemntwini okanye ukufumana imibhalo, kwaye chaza indlela oyithandayo yokwamkela iirekhodi (iphepha, i-elektroniki, i-CD, i-SB drive).

Uqheliselo olulunge ngakumbi lwezicelo zobugcisa eziphumelelayo

An effective public records request balances specificity with reasonable scope. Instead of requesting "all emails from the department," narrow your request to emails from specific individuals, about specific topics, within a defined time period. This approach reduces the burden on agency staff and increases the likelihood of a timely response.

Sebenzisa ulwimi olucacileyo, olucacileyo ukuchaza iirekhodi ozifunayo. Kuphephe uphando lwasemthethweni ngaphandle kokuba uqinisekile ukuba luyimfuneko. Ukuba akuqinisekanga ukuba ungazichaza njani iirekhodi, qhagamshelana neseko kuqala ukuxubusha ukuba zeziphi iindidi zeerekhodi ezizigcinayo nendlela ezilungelelanisiweyo. Amaziko amaninzi akulungele ukukunceda ucoce isicelo sakho phambi kokuba usinikele ngokusesikweni.

Qwalasela indlela ofuna ukwamkela ngayo iirekhodi. Iifomati ze elektroniki zisoloko zikhawuleza kwaye zixabisa kancinci kunemibhalo yephepha. Ukuba ufuna iirekhodi ngendlela ethile yokuhlalutya okanye yezizathu zokufumaneka, yichaze le nto kwisicelo sakho. Kodwa ke, lumka ukuba abameli abafuneki ukwenza iirekhodi ezintsha okanye ukuqokelela ulwazi ngendlela ezingalulondolozi ngokuqhelekileyo.

Unokusingenisa Phi Isicelo Sakho

Zifake kwisicelo sakho kubagcini beerekhodi abamiselweyo besebe likarhulumente, abanokwenziwa ngeposi, i-imeyili, ifax, okanye ngokobuqu, kuxhomekeka kwindlela ekhethekileyo yonxibelelwano lombutho. Amasebe amaninzi atyumbe amagosa oshicilelo lukawonke-wonke okanye abaququzeleli be-FOIA abasingatha zonke izicelo. Khangela i-website yombutho ukufumana imiyalelo yokuzithoba nokuqhagamshelana.

Amanye amaphondo aye asebenzisa iindlela ezisembindini ze-intanethi zokunikezela iirekhodi zikawonke wonke kumaqumrhu amaninzi. La mathala abonisa inkqubo yokuthobela kwaye akuvumela ukuba ulandele ubume besicelo sakho kwi-intanethi. Ukuba imeko yakho inikela i-partial enjalo, ukusebenzisa yona kunokwenza le nkqubo ibe lula kwaye kukunika ukukhanya okungakumbi ngendlela esiphethwe ngayo isicelo sakho.

Xa unikezela isicelo sakho, gcina ikopi yeerekhodi zakho kunye nobungqina bokuthobela (isiqinisekiso se email, irisithi yeposi eqinisekisiweyo, okanye isitampu somhla). Olu xwebhu luzakuba lubalulekile ukuba ufuna ukulandela isicelo sakho okanye ifayile yakho isibheno. Qaphela umhla owungenise isicelo ukuze ukwazi ukulandelela ukuba ngaba umxhasi uphendula ngaphakathi kwefreji yexesha elifunekayo.

Ukuqonda Iindleko Neendleko

Amagosa karhulumente adla ngokuvunyelwa ukuba ahlawule imali yokuhlawula iimali zokulungiselela izicelo zikarhulumente, nangona izakhiwo ezithile zomrhumo zihluka ngokwerejista yephondo. Iindleko eziqhelekileyo ziquka irhafu yokukhuphela okanye ukukhuphela iirekhodi, ixesha elichithwa ngabasebenzi befuna nokuhlola iirekhodi, kunye neendleko zeenkonzo ezikhethekileyo ezinjengokuguqulela iirekhodi kwiifomati ezahlukeneyo okanye kumaxwebhu okuqinisekisa.

Amagosa karhulumente agunyazisa umrhumo wama-5093 ngekopi nganye yeerekhodi ezimalunga no-9.1x 14", okanye ixabiso lokuphinda kubhalwe ingxelo. Amanye amaphondo amisela ixesha elinokubhaliswa ngeyure ukwenzela abasebenzi, ngoxa amanye evumela abameli ukuba bahlawule iindleko zawo. Amanye amaqumrhu karhulumente anganikela iinkcukacha ngesisa okanye ngexabiso eliphantsi, ngoxa amanye enokuthi ahlawulele iindleko zokukhuphela amaxwebhu, abasebenzi bexesha lophando nokufumana, okanye ezinye iindleko zolawulo ezinxulumene nokuzalisekisa isicelo.

Urhulumente omninzi uvumela abafaki-zicelo ukuba bachaze ubuninzi bemali abazimisele ukuhlawula ngayo. Ukuba indleko eqikelelwayo ingaphezulu kunale mali, isebe liza kuqhagamshelana nawe ukuxubusha ngesicelo okanye ukuqhubekeka ngexabiso eliphezulu. Ukuba kuqikelelwa ukuba iindleko zingaphezulu kwe R2,50 (okanye R3,50) ukuba iqumrhu likarhulumente linokuba nabasebenzi abangaphantsi kwe-16 abapheleleyo) iqumrhu likarhulumente lingafuna iqhina, ukuhlawulwa okanye ukugcinwa kwemali.

Izixhobo zokunyusa nokuhlisa

Abaceli banokulinganiselwa kwiimeko apho abafaki-sicelo banokubonisa ukuba ukutyhilwa kwenkcazelo eceliweyo kusemdla kawonke-wonke ekutyhilweni kwenkcazelo kusenokuba negalelo eliphawulekayo ekuqondeni uluntu ngemisebenzi nemisebenzi karhulumente. Ukuba ukholelwa ukuba isicelo sakho sixhasa umdla kawonke-wonke, ungacela umhlawuleli xa usenza isicelo sakho.

Ukuxhasa isicelo somrhumo, chaza indlela le nkcazelo eza kusetyenziswa ngayo ukunceda uluntu. Abacholacholi, abaphandi, imibutho engafumani ngeniso, kunye nabantu abafuna ulwazi malunga nemisebenzi karhulumente bangalufanelekela ukuhlawula imali ehlawulwayo okanye ukuthotywa kwemali. Abanye bachaza iindleko zokuhlawula iindidi ezithile zabafaki-zicelo okanye zezicelo ezingaphantsi komda othile wexabiso.

Imithetho yeSunshine eMissouri nase South Dakota ivumela ukuba ihlawulelwe izicelo ezinika umdla kawonke-wonke; kodwa iFlorida neWyoming azivumeli ezi ziphazamisi. Ukuqonda imirhumo karhulumente wakho kungakunceda ukuba ufune umenzi we-rave nokuba ungawuthethelela njani.

Ukufumana Isicelo Neeyure Zokuphendula

Emva kokungenisa isicelo serekhoda kawonke-wonke, kubalulekile ukukhangela impendulo yombutho nokuqonda imigca yamaxesha esebenzayo. Imithetho emininzi karhulumente ifuna abameli ukuba bavume izicelo ngaphakathi kwesakhelo esikhankanyiweyo sexesha kwaye banikezele iirekhodi eziceliweyo okanye ingcaciso ngalo naluphi na ulibaziseko okanye ukukhanyela ngexesha elibekiweyo.

I-FOIL yaseNew York ivumela ukuba i-Sunshine iintsuku ezintlanu ukuba iphendule isicelo, ngeli xesha umthetho uvumela abameli bakarhulumente baseHawaii ukuba baphendule izicelo zerekhodi. EWisconsin, phantsi kweZiqinisekiso ezivulekileyo zoMthetho karhulumente, amasebe karhulumente kufuneka aphendule isicelo soMthetho we-Sunshine kwiintsuku ezilishumi emva kokuba efumene isicelo, esiquka iimpelaveki neeholide, nangona kukho iimeko ezithile apho ummeli angacela ulwandiso olude lufikelele kwientsuku ezilishumi ezongezelelweyo, logama nje benika isaziso esibhaliweyo kumnini sicelo esichaza isizathu sokukhula.

Ukuba umbutho awunako ukukunika iingxelo ngexesha lokuqala lokuphendula, kufuneka bakuxelele ukuba kulibazisekile kwaye banikele umhla oqikelelwayo apho iirekhodi ziza kufumaneka khona. Ukulibazisa kunokwenzeka ngenxa yobuninzi beengxelo eziceliweyo, imfuneko yokuqhagamshelana namanye amaqumrhu okanye imigaqo-mthetho, okanye ukuntsonkotha kweengxelo zokuzihlola ukuze ufumane inkcazelo ekhululekileyo.

Ukulandela Izicelo Ezingalibalekiyo

Ukuba awufumani mpendulo kwisakhelo sexesha esifunekayo, qhagamshelana nesebe ukubuza malunga nobume besicelo sakho. Chaza isicelo sakho ngomhla onikiweyo nangayiphi na inombolo yokulandelela okanye yokuthumela enikiweyo. Yiba nesidima kodwa phikelela ufuna ulwazi malunga nexesha onokulindela ngalo impendulo.

Uxwebhu luquka imihla kunye nomxholo wefowni, ii-imeyili, kunye nooleta. Olu xwebhu luzakuba luncedo ukuba ufuna ukwandisa isicelo sakho okanye ufako. Abameli abaninzi basongelwe zizicelo kwaye bangafuna isikhumbuzi, ngexa ezinye zisenokungasifuni isicelo sakho kwindlela yazo.

Ukuba iqumrhu liyaqhubeka lilibazisa ngaphandle kobulungisa, unokuba nezizathu zokufaka isikhalazo okanye isibheno. Amanye amaphondo aneeofisi zomantswana okanye abameli abanokungenelela ukusombulula ulibaziseko. Ukuqonda indlela yokusebenza yelizwe lakho kunokukunceda umisele amanyathelo afanelekileyo alandelayo.

Ukukhanyela Nokucombulula Ingxabano

Ukuba umbutho uphilile isicelo sakho uphelele okanye ngokwenxalenye, unelungelo lokubhenela kwisigqibo. Phantsi komthetho woMphathi-mikhosi kaRhulumente ungabhena ngokuzimisela kwe-FAL, kwaye ukuba ufuna ukukhupha isibheno esinjalo, kufuneka wenze oko ngeentsuku ezingama-30 kwimpendulo ebhaliweyo kwisicelo sakho se-FOIL. Le leta ikhanyelayo mayichaze isiseko esisemthethweni sokukhanyela nokunika ulwazi ngendlela yokubhenela.

Ungabhena ukukhanyelwa kwesicelo soMthetho weSunshine eWisconsin, kwaye ukuba umbutho karhulumente uyasikhaba isicelo sakho seerekhodi zikawonke-wonke phantsi koMthetho weWisconsin Open Records, owaziwa ngokuba nguMthetho weSunshine, unelungelo lokubhena eso sigqibo, kwaye ukwenza oko, kuza kufuneka ubhalise ityala kwinkundla yesiphakamiso ngokuchasene nesikhundla esikhankanyiweyo. Inkqubo yesibheno iyahluka ngorhulumente, kunye nezinye ezifuna izibongozo zolawulo kwintloko yombutho okanye kwiqumrhu lomphathi wenkundla, ngelixa abanye befuna izibheno zomgwebo zenkundla.

Xa ufaka isibheno, chaza ngokucacileyo isizathu sokuba ukholelwe ukuba ukukhanyela bekungafanelekile. Chaza amalungiselelo afanelekileyo omthetho karhulumente wakho wengxelo yorhulumente kwaye uchaze isizathu sokuba ukukhulula okuthethwa ngumbutho kungasebenzisi okanye kungasetyenziswa kakhulu. Thumela naluphina ulwazi oluxhasa impikiswano yakho yokutyhilwa.

Enye impikiswano

Amanye amazwe anikela ulawulo okanye ezinye iindlela zokucombulula iimpikiswano zokucombulula iingxelo zikawonke-wonke ngaphandle kokubekwa kwengxelo. Ezi nkqubo zinokukhawuleza zide zingabi naxabiso likhulu kunokuya enkundleni ngoxa zinika uhlolo oluzimeleyo lwesigqibo sombutho.

Ii-ofisi zesizwe, amagqwetha jikelele, okanye amaqumrhu omphathi okhethekileyo angakwazi ukungenelela ngokungacwangciswanga ukucombulula iingxabano. Qhagamshelana nala ma-ofisi ukuze ubuze ngendima yawo kwimicimbi yeerekhodi zikawonke-wonke nokuba anokuba luncedo kusini na kwimeko yakho. Nokuba ngaba akanakunyanzela ukutyhilwa, banokukwazi ukwenza unxibelelwano phakathi kwakho nombutho ukuba ufikelele isigqibo.

Ukuba imigudu yesigqibo engacwangciswanga iyasilela yaye ukholelwa ukuba ukukhanyela bekungafanelekile, kufuneka uqwalasele inyathelo elisemthethweni. Khangelana negqwetha elinolwazi ngomthetho obhaliweyo kawonke-wonke ukuze livavanye ukhetho lwakho kunye nokuba maninzi amathuba empumelelo. Amanye amazwe avumela amaqela axhaphakileyo kwiingxelo zikawonke-wonke ukuba aphinde afumane iindleko zegqwetha, nto leyo enokwenza ukuba i-antilice ikwazi ukubhaqa.

Ukufumana iindidi ezikhethekileyo ze-arhente ye-arhente karhulumente

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zolwazi zifuna iindlela ezahlukeneyo kwaye zingaba phantsi kwemithetho ethile ngaphaya kwemithetho jikelele ebhaliweyo. Ukuqonda iindidi ezahlukeneyo zolwazi kunokukunceda uqhubele phambili inkqubo ngendlela ephumelelayo.

Iingxelo zeshishini nezoMbutho

Ulwazi lokubhalisa ishishini, iinkampani ezibhalisiweyo, kunye nokubhaliswa kwamagama eshishini kusoloko kusenziwa nguNobhala weRhulumente okanye iSebe loMmandla. Ezi ngxelo zisoloko zifumaneka ngowonke-wonke kwaye zisoloko zifumaneka ngee-data ze-intanethi. Unokufumana ulwazi malunga namaxwebhu okwakha ishishini, abameli ababhalisiweyo, iingxelo zonyaka, namagosa eenkampani ngaphandle kokunikezela isicelo esisemthethweni.

Ukugcinwa kweengxelo zemisebenzi efana namayeza, ubungcaphephe, umthetho, umhlaba, kunye nolwazi ngendalo kugcinwa ziibhodi ezifaka imvume zikarhulumente. Ezi nkcazelo zisetyenziswayo zisoloko zikuvumela ukuba uqinisekise iimvume, uhlole izenzo zoluleko, kunye nemvume yokujonga. Eminye imisebenzi inokhuseleko olungakumbi lwasese olulinganisela ulwazi olufumanekayo kubantu bonke.

Iingxelo Ezibalulekileyo

Iziqinisekiso zokuzalwa, iziqinisekiso zokufa, iilayisensi zomtshato, kunye nemithetho yoqhawulo-mtshato igcinwa ngee-ofisi ezibalulekileyo zikarhulumente, ngokuqhelekileyo kwiSebe lezempilo. I-Asception kumaphepha-ngxelo abalulekileyo axhomekeke kubantu abachazwe kule ngxelo, kumalungu abo asondeleyo eentsapho, kunye nabanye abanomdla osemthethweni. Kuza kufuneka unike ubungqina bolwalamano lwakho okanye umdla osemthethweni ukuze ufumane ezi ngxelo.

Amaphondo amaninzi ngoku anika iinkqubo zokucwangcisa kwi-intanethi ukwenzela iirekhodi ezibalulekileyo, nangona usafuna ukunika uxwebhu olufunekayo kunye nokuhlawula iindleko ezifunekayo. Amaxesha okulungiselela ahlukene, neenkonzo ezilungiselelwe ukukhutshwa ezikhoyo kumvuzo owongezelelweyo. Ezinye iingxelo zomnombo zingafumaneka kuluntu emva kokuba inani elithile leminyaka lidlule.

Impahla Neengxelo Zelizwe

Iingxelo zempahla, eziquka izivumelwano, iimali zendlu, kunye nolwazi lwerhafu yempahla, zisoloko zigcinwe kumgangatho wengingqi kunokuba zibe ngamaqumrhu karhulumente. Noko ke, amanye amazwe agcina ii-database ezisembindini zenkcazelo yempahla efumaneka kwiirejista ezininzi. Ezi ngxelo zidla ngokufumaneka kuwonke-wonke kwaye zifumaneka rhoqo kwi-intanethi ngeewebhsayithi zovavanyo okanye zerekhoda.

Imvume yokusingqongileyo, izigqibo zokuhlala, kunye neengxelo zokusetyenziswa komhlaba zingagcinwa ngamasebe ombuso okusingqongileyo okanye amasebe okucwangcisa asekuhlaleni. Ezi ngxelo zibalulekile ekuthengiseni ngempahla, kwimisebenzi yokuphuhlisa, nasekuthobeleni imekobume.

Impilo Nokhuseleko

Iingxelo zohlolo lwezonyango, iivenkile zokuhlola iivenkile, nezinye iingxelo zempilo zikarhulumente zifumaneka kumasebe ezempilo. Ezi ngxelo zinceda abathengi benze izigqibo ngolwazi ngezonyango, iinkampani zokutya, namanye amashishini alawulayo.

Iingxelo zokhuseleko emsebenzini, kuquka iingxelo zohlolo lweOSHA kunye namanani okwenzakala emsebenzini, zigcinwa kumasebe emisebenzi karhulumente. Ezi ngxelo zinokubaluleka abasebenzi, abaqeshi, nabaphandi abafunda ngemikhwa yokhuseleko emsebenzini. Ezinye iinkcukacha zisenokungagunyaziswa ukukhusela imicimbi yobuqu ngoxa zisanikela iinkcukacha zempilo eziluncedo zoluntu.

Iingxelo zemfundo

Ugcino-lwazi lwesithili, iziqinisekiso zokufundisa, kunye nezibalo zemfundo zigcinwa ngamasebe emfundo karhulumente. Ngoxa iingxelo zabafundi zikhuselwe yimithetho yezobucala, iingxelo ezithe zangena kwimfundo yesikolo, ukubhalisa, imali epheleleyo, kunye nemali eninzi efumaneka kuwonke-wonke.

Imfundo ephakamileyo, enoba yeyasekuhlaleni okanye yeyasese, isenokulawulwa yimithetho yengxelo karhulumente ukuba ifumana inkxaso-mali karhulumente. Iingxelo ezingemisebenzi yaseyunivesithi, imali, nophando zisenokufumaneka, nangona iingxelo zemfundo kunye nemicimbi yabasebenzi isenokungavumelekanga.

Ukusebenzisa Ulwazi Ngobuchule Nangokomthetho

Xa ufumene ulwazi kumaziko karhulumente, kubalulekile ukuyisebenzisa kakuhle kwaye uthobele imithetho esebenzayo. Ezinye iingxelo zingangalawulwa yimiqathango ekusetyenzisweni okanye ekunikezeleni, nokuba zikhona ekuhleni. Ukuqonda ezi zithintelo kukunceda uphephe iingxaki ezisemthethweni kwaye kuqinisekisa ukuba usebenzisa ulwazi ngendlela efanelekileyo.

Inkcazelo yobuqu efunyenwe kwiingxelo zikawonke-wonke kufuneka isetyenziswe kuphela ngenjongo ezisemthethweni. Amaphondo amaninzi awavumeli ukusebenzisa iirekhodi zikawonke-wonke ngokucela ukurhwaphiliswa, ukukhathazwa okanye ezinye iinjongo ezingafanelekanga. Ukuba uceba ukusebenzisa ulwazi ukuze wenze uphando, uphando, okanye ushishino, qinisekisa ukusebenzisa kwakho imithetho yesizwe kunye nemilinganiselo yokuziphatha.

Xa upapasha okanye wabelana ngenkcazelo efunyenwe kumasebe karhulumente, qinisekisa ucoselelo lwawo kwaye unika umongo ofanelekileyo. Iingxelo zikarhulumente zisenokuba neempazamo okanye ziphelelwe lixesha, ngoko ulwazi olukhethwa ngamacala xa kunokwenzeka. Ukuba ubhala ngabantu okanye amashishini asekelwe kwiirekhodi zikarhulumente, qwalasela impembelelo enokwenzeka kwaye nokuba uqikelelo okanye amagqabaza awongezelelekileyo ayafaneleka.

Ukuqwalasela Ukhuseleko Nokungafihlisi

Nangona ulwazi lufumaneka ekuhleni alwathethi ukuba kufuneka lwandiswe ngokubanzi ngaphandle kokuqwalasela iintsingiselo zobumfihlo. Ulwazi lobuqu olunjengedilesi, amanani efowuni, kunye ne-data yemali kufuneka luphathwe kakuhle. Ukuba ngaba ugcina isiseko sogcino-lwazi lolwazi lukawonke-wonke, sebenzisa amanyathelo okhuseleko afanelekileyo ukunqanda ukufikelela okungagunyaziswanga okanye ukusetyenziswa kakubi.

Lumka ukuba abanye abantu basenokuba nemigaqo ekhuselayo ethintela ukutyhilwa kwenkcazelo yabo kwanokuba kwiingxelo zikawonke-wonke. Amaxhoba ogonyamelo lwasekhaya, amagosa omthetho, abagwebi nabanye asenokuba needilesi zabo kunye nezinye iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo ezifunyenwe kwiingxelo zikawonke-wonke. Zihlonele ezi khuseleko yaye ungazami ukuziphepha.

Ubuxhakaxhaka obunesantya kunye nezixhobo zophando

Ubugcisa bezi mini buye benza ukufikelela nokuhlalutya ulwazi lombutho wezorhulumente kube lula kunanini na ngaphambili. Iizixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye namaqonga anokukunceda ekuphengululeni idata ezininzi, utshintsho lwerekhodi ebhaliweyo kwixesha, kwaye uhlalutyo lwe data ezinkulu. Ukuqonda ezi zixhobo kungenza uphando lwakho lube luncedo kakhulu.

Ii-injini zophando lweerekhodi zikawonke wonke zikhupha ulwazi oluvela kwimithombo emininzi karhulumente, lukuvumela ukuba uphengulule kwii-ofisi zoorhulumente kunye namagunya ahlukeneyo ngexesha elinye. Ngeli xesha lenkcitho yezorhwebo, zingagcina ixesha elibalulekileyo xa kuthelekiswa nezombutho ngamnye wezogcino-lwazi. Noko ke, ngalo lonke ixesha uqinisekisa ulwazi oluvela kwimithombo yorhwebo nxamnye neerekhodi zikarhulumente ezisemthethweni, njengoko isiseko sesiseko sedata sesithathu sinokuthi sibe neempazamo okanye ulwazi oluphelelwe lixesha.

Izixhobo zohlalutyo logcino-lwazi kunye ne-software ingakunceda uqonde iiseti ezinkulu zogcino-lwazi ezifunyenwe kumasebe karhulumente. Iinkqubo zeSpreadsheet, i-software yobalo-manani, kunye nezixhobo zolwazi ezinika iziphumo zentelekelelo, imodeli, kunye nee-anomaliedies kugcino-lwazi oluninzi oluvulekileyo zinika i-APIS ebangela ukuba ugcino-lwazi olufumaneka ngezodwa lufumaneke kunye nonxulumano nezixhobo zohlalutyo.

Ukucwangcisa izilumkiso kunye noHlomelo lweNguqu

Amasebe amaninzi anika izilumkiso ze-imeyili okanye i-RSS zondla ngokwazisa ngeempapasho ezintsha, iinguqu zolawulo, okanye uhlaziyo kwii-database ezithile. Ukubeka ezi zilumkiso kunokukunceda uhlale wazi ngemibandela enika umdla ngaphandle kokusoloko uhlola iiwebhsayithi zeenkonzo. Amanye amasebe agcina iingxelo zezentlalo ezibhengeza ukukhutshwa kogcino-lwazi olutsha kunye nohlaziyo olubalulekileyo.

Kwiprojekthi yophando oluqhubekayo, qwalasela indlela ecwangcisiweyo yokuhlola ulwazi lwesebe lesizwe. Bhala iindlela zakho zokuphendla, ukugcina iikopi zeerekhodi ozifumeneyo, kunye nogcino-rekhodi xa iidatabase zigqitywe. Olu xwebhu lunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kophando lwakho kwaye luvumela abanye ukuba baqinisekise oko ukufunyanisiweyo.

Ukusebenza ne-arhente

Ukwakha ulwalamano oluhle nabasebenzi besebe likarhulumente kungakuphucula ngokuphawulekayo ukukwazi kwakho ukufumana inkcazelo ngokunempumelelo. Ngoxa unelungelo elisemthethweni lokufumana iingxelo zikawonke-wonke, ukusondela kwabasebenzi besebe abanesimilo nobuchule kwenza le nkqubo ibe ntle kubo bonke ababandakanyekileyo.

Xa uqhagamshelana namaqumrhu, cacisa kwaye ungqale ngoko ukufunayo. Qiniselela umongo wesicelo sakho ukuba unceda abasebenzi baqonde ukuba ziziphi iingxelo ezinokuba ziyimfuneko, kodwa ungaziva unyanzelekile ukuba uchaze isizathu sokuba ufuna inkcazelo. Khumbula ukuba abasebenzi besebe basoloko besebenzisa izicelo ezininzi ngoxa besingatha imisebenzi yabo eqhelekileyo, ngoko umonde nokuqonda kungenza lukhulu.

Ukuba usebenza kwiprojekthi yophando oluntsonkothileyo okanye ufuna uncedo lokuqonda iirekhodi ezikhoyo, qwalasela ucwangciso lwentlanganiso okanye umnxeba osuka kumasebe. Amagosa amaninzi athetha ngoluntu akulungele ukukunceda ucoce isicelo sakho okanye achaze indlela iirekhodi ezicwangcisiweyo. Olu hlolo lungacwangciswanga lungagcina ixesha kwaye lukunceda ukuba ukhuphe izicelo ezisebenzayo ezisesikweni.

Ukuqonda Iingxaki Neengxaki Zokugula

Amaqumrhu karhulumente ajongene nemiqathango emininzi enokuthi ithintele ukukwazi kwawo ukusabela ngokukhawuleza kwizicelo zenkcazelo. Ukunqanda uqingqo-mali, ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi, iinkqubo zobugcisa eziphelelwe lixesha, kunye nezicelo eziphezulu zonke zinokuba negalelo ekulibaziseni. Nangona ezi zinto zingakuthetheleli ukuphulwa kwemithetho yerekhodi kawonke-wonke, ukuyiqonda kungakunceda usebenze ngokunempumelelo ngakumbi namaziko.

Amanye amasebe agcina iirekhodi kwiifomati ezenza kube nzima ukukufumana. Iingxelo zephepha zingagcinwa kwizixhobo ezingekhoyo, ezifuna ixesha lokufumana nokuzihlola. Iirekhodi ze-elektroniki zingagcinwa kwisixokelelwano esilifa esifuna ulwazi olukhethekileyo ukuze zifumaneke. Ukuba umbutho uchaza le mingeni, cinga ukuba ungakwazi ukuxinanisa isicelo sakho okanye ukwamkela iirekhodi ngendlela elungiselelwe ngokulula.

Ukuqwalaselwa Ngokukhethekileyo Kwabaphandi Nabacholacholi - ndaba

Abaphandi kunye neentatheli basoloko beneemfuno ezikhethekileyo xa befumana ulwazi lwesebe lorhulumente. Uphando lwezobugcisa lungafuna ii-data ezinkulu, iirekhodi zembali, okanye ulwazi olukhethekileyo olungacelwanga rhoqo. Uphando lwe-Journal lungabandakanya izicelo ezikhawulezileyo okanye ulwazi ngemibandela ephikisanayo.

Amatyala amaninzi ayawuqaphela umdla othe ngqo kubantu kuphando noncwadi lwezi ngxelo yaye asenokunika abasebenzi abafuna ukusetyenziswa okanye abahlawulwa ngezo njongo. Xa ucela ukuthotyelwa, zichaze ngokucacileyo njengomphandi okanye umcholacholi-ndaba kwaye uchaze indlela le nkcazelo eza kusetyenziswa ngayo ekuncedeni abantu abanomdla.

Uphando lwemfundo olubandakanya imibandela yabantu, qinisekisa ukuba usebenzisa iirekhodi zikawonke-wonke ezihambisana neemfuno zequmrhu lokuhlola (IRB) kunye nemilinganiselo yophando. Nangona inkcazelo ithe yabonwa ngokubanzi, indlela yakho yophando nokusetyenziswa kolwazi isenokuphantsi kolawulo lwendlela yokuziphatha.

Ukwakha Isiseko Sophando

Ukuba uqhuba uphando oluqhubekayo usebenzisa ulwazi lombutho wesizwe, phuhlisa indlela ecwangcisiweyo yokuqokelela, ukulungelelanisa, kunye nokubhala ugcino-lwazi lwakho. Yenza isakhiwo sesiseko esikuvumela ukuba ulandele imvelaphi, umhla ofunyenweyo, kunye naziphi na izithintelo okanye iibhakathi ezinxulumene nerekhodi nganye. Olu xwebhu lubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka nokuphinda uphando lwakho luphumelele.

Qwalasela ugcino-lwazi olude oluqokelelayo. Iiwebsite zombutho karhulumente zingatshintshwa, ii-database zingahlaziywa okanye zisuswe, kwaye iirekhodi zingangabikho. Ukugcina uvimba wakho weerekhodi ezibalulekileyo kuqinisekisa ukuba uyakwazi ukuqinisekisa oko ukufunyanisiweyo kwaye kuvumela abanye abaphandi bakhe emsebenzini wakho.

Ukuhlala Usazi Iinguqulelo Ezazenziwa Kwimithetho Kawonke - wonke

Imithetho yengxelo kawonke-wonke kunye nemibutho yemibutho iguquka ngokuhamba kwexesha ngotshintsho lwemithetho, izigqibo zenkundla, kunye notshintsho lolawulo. Ukuhlala wazi ngezi nkqubela kukunceda uqonde amalungelo akho uze ulungelelanise iindlela zakho zokufumana ulwazi.

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Izigqibo zenkundla ezichaza imithetho yerekhodi zinokuchaphazela ngokuphawulekayo oko kufikelelekayo nendlela abameli abamele basabela ngayo kwizicelo. Ii-data ezisemthethweni, iinkonzo zendaba, kunye nemibutho yokwabelana ngezakhono idla ngokushwankathela izigwebo ezibalulekileyo zenkundla. Ukuba ubandakanyekile kwiingxelo zikawonke-wonke okanye kwizibongozo, qhagamshelana namagqwetha asebenza kule ndawo ukuze uqonde indlela izigqibo zakutshanje ezinokulichaphazela ngayo ityala lakho.

Inkxaso eyongezelelekileyo

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Iqumrhu loogqirha leentatheli, abaphandi, abasebenzi bethala leencwadi, kunye nezifundiswa zomthetho linikela uqeqesho kunye noncedo ekufumaneni inkcazelo karhulumente.

Iincwadi zemali-mali zeYunivesithi kunye namathala eencwadi omthetho agcina iingqokelela zamaxwebhu karhulumente kwaye anokunikela uncedo kwinkcazelo yophando yomaziko karhulumente. Abameli beerejistala abanobuchule kwinkcazelo karhulumente banokukunceda uchaze abameli abafanelekileyo, ufumane ii-intanethi zogcino-lwazi, uze uvelise iindlela zokuphanda ezisebenzayo.

Uluntu olukwi-intanethi kunye nemicimbi enikezelwa kwiirekhodi zikarhulumente nakurhulumente wezokubonakala kwamathuba okufunda kumava abanye nokubelana ngamaqhinga. Olu luntu lunokuba yimithombo eluncedo yamacebiso asebenzisekayo nenkxaso, ingakumbi xa kuthethwa ngezicelo ezilucelomngeni okanye amasebe angenamdla.

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Qalisa ngokuhlola ukuba yintoni esele ikhona kwi-intanethi nge-website yombutho kunye nee-portal zogcino-lwazi ezivulekileyo. Xa ufuna ulwazi olungafumanekiyo, faka izicelo ezicacileyo, zichaze ngokungqalileyo uze ulandele ngokufanelekileyo. Qonda amalungelo akho phantsi kwemithetho karhulumente yoshicilelo lwelizwe kwaye ukulungele ukubhenela ukuba kuyimfuneko. Sebenzisa ulwazi olufumana ngokufanelekileyo kwaye uhambelana nemithetho esebenzayo nemilinganiselo yokuziphatha.

Khumbula ukuba ukufikelela ulwazi lukarhulumente akuphelelanga kwiimfuno zomntu ngamnye, kodwa kukuhlala ucace gca kunye nokuziphendulela kulawulo lwedemokhrasi. Isicelo ngasinye esinempumelelo seerekhodi zikawonke-wonke siqinisa umgaqo osebenza kurhulumente ngenxa yabantu kwaye kufuneka sivuleke ekuhloleni uwonke-wonke. Ngokusebenzisa ilungelo lakho lokufikelela ulwazi, unegalelo kurhulumente ocace ngakumbi nonokuphendula wonke umntu.

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