Ukuqonda Intsingiselo Yenkcazelo Ephosakeleyo

I-Misprocession iguquke yaya kolunye locelomngeni oluzingisileyo lwexesha lamanani. Lubhekisela kulwazi oluxokileyo okanye olulahlekisayo olusasazwayo kungakhathaliseki ukuba ziyintoni iinjongo, olwahluke ngokuchanekileyo, olukhohlisayo. Imeko-bume yenkcazelo yale mihla, apho ulwandiso luhamba kwiqonga lezentlalo-ntle ngesantya esingazange sibonwe, luye lwandisa ukufikelela nokuchaphazela kwentengiso engachananga. Abafundi kunye nabafundisi ngokufanayo kufuneka bahlakulele ubuchule bokwahlula ulwazi olunokuthenjwa nobuxoki, amandla afunekayo kwingqibelelo yemfundo, ubumi kunye nobuchule obungongoma.

Ibinzana eligqwethekileyo liquka iindidi eziliqela ezahlukeneyo, nganye efuna indlela eyahlukileyo yokuhlola:

  • [[UMTL: 0] I-Disoinformation: Umxholo owenziwe ngamaqumrhu owenzelwe ukukhohlisa, ngokufuthi owenzelwe inzuzo yezobupolitika okanye yezorhwebo.
  • [[UMTL: 0] IMalformation: ulwazi lokwenyani (njengooposi babucala okanye amaxwebhu avuzayo) abelana ngenjongo eyingozi, ngokufuthi ngaphandle komongo.
  • ulwazi olukhokelayo: iingxelo ezichanekileyo ngobuchule ezichazwe ngendlela edala iimbono eziphosakeleyo, ezifana neqonga elithathwayo okanye imixholo yentloko eshukumayo.
  • [[UMTL:0] Intengiso kunye neenkohliso: izibhengezo ezingaqinisekiswanga ezisasazwanga ngokungacwangciswanga, maxa wambi ngaphandle kwenjongo enobungozi kodwa zithwele iziphumo zehlabathi lokwenene.

Ukuqonda ezi ntlobo zincinane linyathelo lokuqala ekwakheni indlela ecwangcisiweyo yokuhlola imvelaphi. Ngaphandle kokuqonda okunjalo, kwanabo bafundileyo bangalixhoba lokusebenzisa amaqhinga axhaphaza ukucalula ingqondo kunye neempendulo ezingokweemvakalelo.

Isizathu Sokuba Imithombo Ibaluleke Ngoku Ngaphezu Kwangaphambili

Iziphumo zokwamkela ngokungacingisisi ulwazi olungathembekiyo zidlulela ngaphaya kokungaqondani. Qwalasela iziphumo zempilo yoluntu: ngexesha lobhubhani we-COVID-19, ulwazi oluphosakeleyo ngonyango, ukugonya, kunye nokusasazwa kwemichiza kwakhokelela ekufeni okunokuthintelwa nokukhula kweengxaki. Kuluntu lwedemokhrasi, ukunwenwa kweengcamango zezobupolitika kuphelisa ukuthembana kwemibutho yasekuhlaleni nokukhutshwa koluntu. Kubafundi, ukuxhomekeka kwimithombo ethandabuzekayo kunciphisa umgaqo wesiseko womsebenzi wemfundo.

Imithombo ekhuphayo asibobuchule bokuzikhusela nje; ikhulisa ubuchule bokugxeka nokuzingca. Xa abafundi besoloko bebuza ngemvelaphi, injongo, kunye nobungqina obuxhasa ulwazi, bavelisa imikhwa yengqondo ebenza baphumele kwiingqeqesho. Le nkqubo ikwakhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kolwazi olunetyala, ukunciphisa amathuba okukhuthaza ubuxoki obuyingozi. Kwimeko apho nabani na anokupapasha, ubuchule bokwahlula uphawu kwingxolo buye baba yimfuneko ekuthabatheni inxaxheba enyanini kwibutho labantu.

Uvavanyo LweCRAAP: Isiseko Sesakhelo

Esinye sezixhobo ezihlala zihleli neziluncedo zokuhlola imvelaphi luvavanyo lwe-CRAAP, olwaveliswa ngabasebenzi bethala leencwadi kwiYunivesithi ye-California, eChico. I-acronym imela i-Lion, Relevance, iGunya, i-Accel, inyani, kunye nenjongo.

Imali

Imali ihlola ixesha elifanelekileyo lolwazi. Buza: Uthunyelelwa nini okanye uhlaziywe kokugqibela? Ingaba umxholo wakho ufuna ugcino-lwazi lwangoku okanye ingaba imithombo emidala isasebenza? Imimandla efana namayeza, ubugcisa, neziganeko zangoku, imihla yokupapashwa kwempapasho inzima. Noko ke, kuhlalutyo lwembali okanye isiseko senkcazelo esimisiweyo, imithombo emidala ingahlala inegunya. Umthombo onexesha elicacileyo lokupapashwa nembali yokuzihlaziya ubonakalisa ngokucace.

Phinda uphakamise

Uhlolo luqwalasela indlela le nkcazelo ehlangabezana ngayo neemfuno zakho. Ingaba iwuphendula ngqo umbuzo wakho wophando? Yintoni ejoliswe kwigcisa elijoliswe kwiprojekthi ebanzi, ngoxa ijenali elidumileyo lingabalulekanga kumsebenzi wemfundo. Imithombo ephambili yeyokuba ihambelana nobungakanani, iimfuno zobunzulu, nomgangatho wokuphanda.

Igunya

Igunya libuza malunga nomthombo wenkcazelo. Ngubani umbhali, umbutho, okanye umvakalisi? Ziziphi iziqinisekiso zabo, abahlobo, kunye nobuchule? Umthombo womatshini wokushicilela odumileyo waseyunivesithi uthwala ubunzima obahlukeneyo kune-blog engenagama. Khangela umbhali i-bio, i-accom, kunye nezicatshulwa kumsebenzi ojongwa ngoontanga. Kwimithombo yeweb, hlolisisa indawo ekuyo: .edu, .gov, kunye .org zinxulumane nemilinganiselo ephezulu yokuziphendulela kune-projekthi.com, nangona le nto ingekho siqinisekiso sokuthembeka.

Ucoselelo

Ucoselelo lubandakanya ukuqinisekisa ubunyani bento equlethweyo. Ingaba ulwazi luxhaswa bubungqina, ucatshulo, kunye neembekiselo kwimithombo ephambili? Ungafumana ugcino-lwazi lokuqala okanye imithombo exhasayo? Jonga iinkcazelo zombhalo osemazantsi, ii- bibliography, kunye namakhonkco kwizifundo. Iimpazamo, iimpazamo ezingaxhaswanga, okanye iimpazamo ezingqinelanayo ziiflegi ezibomvu. Ukuqhatha komnqamlezo kunye nezinye imithombo enedumekileyo bubuchule obunamandla boqinisekiso.

Injongo

Injongo ityhila isizathu sokuba le nkcazelo ikho. Ingaba ithenjiwe ukwazisa, ukungxengelela, ukuthomalalisa, okanye ukuthengisa? Ikho ukucalula ucalucalulo ngezantsi, okanye inkcazo yezopolitiko, ezorhwebo okanye zengqondo . Isenokugqwetha ukunikezelwa kwenkcazelo echanekileyo. Umahluko phakathi kokunika ingxelo, iimbono, kunye nokusasaza iingcamango. Imithombo echaza ngokucacileyo injongo yayo kunye nengxubano ezinokwenzeka zenzala ithembeke ngakumbi kunaleyo ifihla imibaliso.

Ukusebenzisa uvavanyo lwe CRAAP kufuna ukuqhelisa. Asiloluhlu olulula lokuhlola kodwa sisakhiwo sokubuza imibuzo elungileyo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, abasebenzisi bafake ezi mpawu kwaye bazenze ngokuzenzekelayo xa bedibana nolwazi olutsha.

Ubuchule bovavanyo oluqhubela phambili: Ngaphaya kwe-CRAAP

Ngoxa uvavanyo lweCRAAP luluncedo, abaphengululi banamhlanje abathetha iingcamango eziphosakeleyo bacebisa ukuba kusetyenziswe iindlela eziluncedo zokuhlangabezana neenyaniso zenkcazelo ekwi - Internet.

Ukufunda Emva

Ukufunda okulandelayo bubuchule obusetyenziswa ngabakhangeli benyaniso abangochwepheshe. Kunokuba uhlale kwiwebsite enye ukuvavanya ukuthembeka kwayo, abafundi bexesha elizayo bavula ii-tab ezininzi ukukhangela igama lomthombo kwiingxelo zangaphandle. Umzekelo, ukuba udibana nenqaku leendaba kwimpapasho engaqhelekanga, khangela igama lentlangano kunye namagama afana “bias,”“ ukujika.” Jonga iinkcazelo ze-Wkipedia, ukujonga uhlolo lweengxelo, kunye neengxelo ezixhasayo. Le ndlela ingaphandle ityhila umxholo othe nkqo (ukwehla kwinxuwa) isoloko ikhala.

Indlela YeSIFT

Iqaliswe nguMike Caulfield kwi Washington State University, indlela yeSIFT iquka iintshukumo ezine: Ukumisa, ukuqinisekisa imvelaphi, Fumana intsalela engcono, kunye noTrace ithetha ngomongo wokuqala. Ukuhamba kokuqala . "qhamisa" ume ngokunqakraza ukuze uxhathise iimvakalelo. Indlela yesibini ibandakanya ukuphengulula ubuchule bomthombo kunye nocwangciso lwezicwangciso. Intshukumo yesithathu ikhuthaza ukufuna okuthembekileyo, ukusekwa kokufumana ingxelo yento enye ekhoyo. Eyesine ishukuma ikhowudi ibuyela emva kwimvelaphi yayo, iqinisekisa ukuba inkcazelo ayithathiwe ngaphandle komongomo. I-SFT isebenza ngokukhethekileyo kuvavanya iimifanekiso, iividiyo, kunye nee-medipotives.

Ukukhangela Umfanekiso Ngasemva

Intelekelelo yentelekelelo yentelekelelo ixhaphakile, enemifanekiso ethathwe ngaphandle kwemeko okanye itshintshwa ngokwamanani. guqula izixhobo zokuphengulula umfanekiso, ezifana [[FLT: 0] IGoogle Imifanekiso ye-, , [i-Tineye, kunye [FLT] ne-IFL] I-IFARMARMER[, vumela abasebenzisi ukuba bafake umfanekiso okanye bathobe i URL ukuze bafumane inkangeleko yayo yokuqala eyaziwayo. Oku kungabonisa ukuba umfanekiso ubuyiselwe kwisiganeko esidala, esisetyenzisiweyo, okanye esingalunganga. Ngamaxesha onke khangela ii-metalog (i-IFLT), njengoko kunokwenzeka, indawo, kunye nenkcazelo.

IiWebhsayithi ezichanabileyo kunye noovimba abathembekileyo

Imisebenzi ejongwayo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulahleni inkohliso. La maqela asebenzisa iintatheli kunye nabaphandi abasebenzisa iindlela ezingqongqo ukuqinisekisa iziphumo. Ezinye zezona zidumileyo ziquka:

  • [[UMTL:0] Iziphene: Enye yeengingqi ezindala nezibanzi ezichitha amabali, egquma amabali asezidolophini, amarhe e-intanethi, kunye namabali ezobupolitika.
  • FOCTCC.org: Iprojekthi yeAnntenberg Policy Center egxininisa kubugcisa nentengiso zezobupolitika zase-U.S.
  • I-PolitiFACT: Izabelo “TruthntlaOMEter” zilinganiswa kwingxelo ezenziwa ngabezobupolitika nangamanani kawonke-wonke.
  • Abaxhasi Inyaniso Ikhangela: Inika intelekelelo yehlabathi lonke yenkcazelo egqwethekileyo enemikhondo yobungqina obucacileyo.
  • Imeko yehlabathi lonke ngokunethwekhi (IFCN): I-scompivers zezibaluleko ezinamathela kwikhowudi yemigaqo; abasebenzisi bangafumana amalungu aqinisekisiweyo ehlabathini lonke.

Xa usebenzisa inyani ngokukhangela amanxuwa, qwalasela umhla wokuhlola nokuba ityala lihlaziyiwe kusini na. Ezinye iinkcazelo ezigqwethekileyo zisuka kwi thutyana, ngoko ukulahla izithuba ukusuka kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezidlulileyo akuyi kuchaza umahluko wangoku.

Ukuqonda Iindlela Zokuqeqesha Ezibangela Ukungaziqondi

Kwanaxa kukho izixhobo ezingcono, inzululwazi yengqondo yabantu ingenza uvavanyo olusezantsi. Ukukhetha okugqithiseleyo kukhokelela kwimpazamo ezicwangcisiweyo ekucingeni. Iimbono eziliqela zinxulumene nokusasazwa kwenkcazelo ephosakeleyo:

  • [[FLT: 0] Ukuzingqina kocalulo: Utyekelo lokuxhasa ulwazi oluqinisekisa iinkolelo ezikhoyo. Olu tyekelo lwenza abantu bamkele imithombo ethandabuzekayo ehambisana nojongo lwehlabathi labo kwaye bangabafuni abalufuniyo uvavanyo.
  • [[FLT: 0] Isiphumo sokuzithemba ngokugqithisileyo: Abantu abanobuchule obusezantsi kwisihloko somhlomo banokungabi nabuchule bokugweba ulwazi olunzulu ngaso. Oku kungakhokelela ekuzithembeni ngokugqithisileyo ekuhloleni imithombo engathembekiyo.
  • [[FLT: 0] Abantu bagweba iziganeko ezisekelwe kwindlela elula ngayo engqondweni. I-vid, intembeko engaqhelekanga isoloko ingena kwinkumbulo ngaphezu kogcino-lwazi oluchanekileyo, ukuva umngcipheko.
  • [[FLT: 0] Isiphumo senyaniso: Ukuphinda utyhilo kuxwebhu kunyusa amathuba okuba ibonwe njengenyaniso, nokuba ixoka. Kungoko ukurhoxisa kumele kulumke ukungaqiniseli intengo yobuxoki yakuqala.

Ukufundisa abafundi ukuba bazi ukuba zikho iimbono ezingezizo eziluncedo ekuxilongweni izixhobo. Imithambo elula . "Iindlela ezilula" njengokucela abafundi ukuba bachaze ikhethe labo lokuziqinisekisa kwinqaku leendaba abavumelana nalo."Ingakha ulwazi lwe-metacog.

Ukukhuthaza ukufunda nale mithombo yemfundo kucwangciso lwemfundo

Ukukhuphela ulwazi kwizixhobo zokufundisa ezisemgangathweni kufuna ukuceba. Akwanele ukunika abafundi uluhlu lokuhlola kanye; kufuneka kusetyenziswe ubuchule kwiinkqubo nakwiiklasi.

Uhlolo lozinziso kwimixholo ekhoyo

Iiklasi zembali zingahlolisisa imithombo eyintloko yekhethe; inzululwazi inokuhlolisisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanani kwiingxelo zeendaba; iiklasi zamaNgesi zinokucombulula amava olwazi kwiindlela zokucinga. Xa uvavanyo lwemvelaphi luyinxalenye eqhelekileyo yolwazi, luye lufakwe ngaphakathi njengomkhwa wendalo kunokuba lube sisifundo sodwa.

Isebenzisa Iziganeko Zangoku Njengezifundo Zomzekelo

Xa nithelekisa iziganeko ezihamba phambili, phawula ukwahlukahlukana kolwimi, nomthombo wengxelo yeendaba. Thethani isizathu sokuba amanqaku amabini athetha into enye afikelele kwizigqibo ezingafaniyo nendlela yokucombulula loo mahluko.

Uqeqesho olululo

Xa besebenza ngamaqela amancinane, abafundi bangasebenzisa ii-web site zomjuxuzo kunye nezolwazi ukuze bavavanye iprojekthi ye-intanethi. Bachaza izinto abazifumanayo, bachaza ukuba ngowuphi umthombo abawuthembayo nesizathu sokuba. Ingxubusho yoontanga inceda ukuveza iingcamango kwaye ibhenca abafundi kwiimbono ezahlukeneyo.

Ukuphengulula Isithethe Sokuphanda

Khuthaza abafundi ukuba babuze “ndazi njani ukuba oku kuyinyaniso?” njengendlela yokuma engagqibekanga. Ukuthobeka kobuchule obungalinganiyo ngokuvuma xa ungaqinisekanga ngomthombo kwaye ubonisa indlela oza kuphanda ngayo. Yenza izithethe apho amathandabuzo ahlonelwayo kunokuba ajongwe njengengenantlonelo okanye egxekayo.

Ukuqhelisela Igumbi Lesikolo Okuluncedo

Ukuze baguqule ingcamango ibe ngumsebenzi, abafundisi- ntsapho banokuzalisekisa imisebenzi ecwangcisiweyo eyakha ubuchule bokujonga:

  • “ Faka iNjongo”: Gqibela amanqaku amathathu akwisihloko esinye [“esinye esisemthethweni, esinye ukusuka kwindawo eyaziwa njenge Onion, kunye nesinye esisuka kwimvelaphi yenkcazelo. Lumkisa abafundi ukuba bawabeke phantsi kwaye bathethelele izigqibo zabo ngokusebenzisa i-CRAAP kunye nokufunda okulandelayo.
  • Uphando lomfanekiso olubuyela emva: Bonisa umfanekiso ohambeyo kwintsholongwane (umz., “umfanekiso ohlekisayo” ozotyiweyo). Cela abafundi ukuba balandelele imvelaphi yawo besebenzisa uphengululo olubuya umva lomfanekiso baze baxele ukuba umongo uchane kusini na.
  • Uphando lobomi bomntu: nikeza abafundi igama le “ngcungela” efihlakeleyo echazwe kwinqaku le Internet. Bafune uphando lweziqinisekiso zokwenene zomntu kwaye bachaze naziphi na izinto eziqanjweyo.
  • [[UMTL:0] Imisformation Timeline: qesha ibhanti lobomi leceba elithile lenkohliso ukusuka kwimbonakalo yayo yokuqala ukuya ekulahlekeni kwayo ekugqibeleni. Xoxani isizathu sokuba yande kwaye kungenelele kusini na ukuba ibinokuyimisa.

Indima Yemithetho-mthetho Noyilo Lweplatform

Ukuqonda imvelaphi ethembekileyo kukwathetha ukuqonda imekobume esidibana kuyo nolwazi. Ii-algorithm zezentlalo methematika zimisa ukuganana ngokuchanekileyo, ukunyusa okanye ukuchukumiseka kwento equlethweyo. Amanqanaba e-injini yokukhangela anokusetyenziswa ngokulungelelaniswa kwe-injini yokukhangela (SEO) ngabadlali benkcazelo. Abafundi kufuneka bafunde:

  • Indlela yokusebenzisa abasebenzisi abaphambili bophendlo ukucoca iziphumo ngomhla, ummandla, okanye uhlobo lwefayile.
  • Ukuqinisekisa iiprojekthi zezentlalo-ntle, ukukhangela iibheji zobungqina, umhla wendalo, kunye nembali yexesha elidlulileyo.
  • Ulonto “lokunyanzelisa” alilingani ne“nyaniso”; ukuthandwa akubonisi ukuba uyathenjwa.

Iplatform yengxelo yokubona ngaphaya kunye nophando oluzimeleyo, njengophando olusuka ku uHarvard School Kennedy Misformation Review, inikezela ngolwazi oluchaza indlela intsingiselo esasazeka ngayo. Ukwazisa abafundi kolu phando kubanika amandla okucinga ngokungqongqo ngenkqubo ebumba ukutya kwabo.

Imilinganiselo Esemthethweni Neyobugcisa

Ngeli xesha uhlalutyo lwemvelaphi ingumba wokufundisa, ikwadibene nomthetho kunye nemilinganiselo yokuziphatha. Imithetho yokungathobeli, inkxalabo yokhuseleko, kunye namalungelo empahla enkcubeko anxulumene nokusasazwa kwenkcazelo engeyoyanyani. Abafundi kufuneka baqonde ukuba ukwabelana ngenkcazelo yobuxoki, kwanangengozi, kusenokuba neziphumo ezisemthethweni (njengesuti) kubantu okanye imibutho. Ngokucacileyo, kukho imbopheleleko yokungaphephithi nje kuphela ukudala inkohliso kodwa ukwayilungisa xa idibene. Ukuxubusha ngetyala ngokufana nengcamango yeqhinga elikhokelela kwisiganeko esixhobileyo.[1]

Isiphelo: Ukwakha Imikhwa Yokuhlolisisa Ubomi

Kule thuba apho ulwazi luninzi kodwa lunokuthenjwa, ubuchule bokujonga imvelaphi bubuchule obusisiseko bobomi. Izixhobo ezifana novavanyo lwe-CRAAP, ukufunda okungasemva, ukukhangela umfanekiso ogqwethiweyo, kunye nenyaniso ye-cheader ngokukhangela iiwebsite ezinika iindlela eziqinileyo zokuvavanya ukunyaniseka. Kodwa izixhobo zodwa azanelanga; zimele zidityaniswe nokuqonda intsingiselo yolwazi kunye namandla okwakha akhuthaza iingcamango ezigqwethekileyo. Kubafundisi-lwazi, injongo ayikokuguqulela abafundi kwizinto eziqhelekileyo ze-*, kodwa kuphuhlisa umkhwa wokuthandabuza ngokuthandabuza, “Yintoni imvelaphi yale nkcazelo, kwaye ndingayithemba?”

Ngokuzinika ezi zinto kwizifundo zesikolo, sixhobisa abafundi ukuba bakwazi ukumelana nokulawula ulwazi oluntsonkothileyo. Ukulwa nokungaxoki akuzuzwa sisombululo sinye kodwa ngokuyila isizukulwana seingcinga ezigxekayo ezifuna ubungqina, iinjongo zombuzo, kunye nokuxabisa ukuchana kwendlela.