Table of Contents
Ukuqonda iiNkonzo zoManyano noRhulumente
Ukulawula ummandla ontsonkothileyo weenkonzo zikarhulumente zikarhulumente norhulumente kungaziva ungomelezwa ngabemi abaninzi. Nokuba ufuna uncedo lwempilo, usebenzisela ukhuseleko loluntu, ukuhlaziya ilayisensi yokuqhuba, okanye ukufikelela uncedo longxamiseko, ukuqonda indlela yokuqhuba ezi nkqubo ngokunempumelelo ibalulekile ukuze ufumane uncedo nolwazi olufunekayo. Olu khokelo lubanzi luza kukuhamba kuwe kumacala abalulekileyo, oovimba, kunye neenkqubo zokufikelela iinkonzo zikarhulumente kumgangatho worhulumente norhulumente, ukuze ukwazi ukuba ngummeli onolwazi nobuchule obungakumbi nawe kunye nentsapho yakho.
Iinkonzo zikarhulumente zikho ukuxhasa abemi boluntu ubomi babo bonke, ukususela kwisiqinisekiso sokuzalwa ukusa kwiinzuzo zokuthatha umhlala-phantsi. Noko ke, inani elipheleleyo lamasebe, iinkqubo, kunye neemfuno linokwenza kube nzima ukwazi indawo ofanele uqale kuyo. Ngokuqhelanisa nesakhiwo seenkonzo zikarhulumente, ukuqonda iinkonzo ezingundoqo ezikhoyo, nokufunda iingcebiso eziluncedo kwiinkqubo zokuqhuba, ungalondoloza ixesha, unciphise unxunguphalo, uze uqinisekise ukuba uyamkela iinzuzo noncedo olufaneleyo.
Iinkonzo zikaRhulumente woManyano: Ingqikelelo engqinelanayo
Urhulumente wezwe lonke uqhuba amasebe amaninzi neenkqubo ezilungiselelwe ukunceda abemi baseMerika kwiimfuno ezininzi. Ukusuka kwimpilo nakwinzuzo yomhlala-phantsi ukuya kwiinkonzo zokufuduka kunye noncedo lwamava, iinkqubo zephondo zichaphazela phantse zonke iinkalo zobomi bentlalo-ntle. Ukuqonda ubukhulu beenkonzo ezikhoyo nendlela yokufikelela kuzo linyathelo lokuqala ekusebenziseni ngokunempumelelo ezi zixhobo.
I-USA.gov
Urhulumente osemthethweni okwizibuko USA. usebenza njengesango eliyintloko kubemi abafuna iinkonzo zorhulumente kunye nolwazi. Le website ibanzi idibanisa amakhonkco kumasebe ahlukeneyo karhulumente, inika oovimba benkonzo abalungelelaniswe ngesihloko, kwaye inika inkxaso yelwimi ezininzi kubathethi abangeyo siNgesi. Inxulumaniswe ngezolwimi ezininzi. Inxuwa lengingqi livumela abasebenzisi ukuba bakhangele ngobomi (njengenosana, ukuyeka, okanye ukuphulukana nomsebenzi), ngokombutho, okanye ngommandla othile wesihloko.
USA.gov inika unikezelo AUSAGUSH en Español, iqinisekisa ukuba abemi abathetha iSpanish bangafumana ulwazi olubanzi olunye ngolwimi lwabo oluthandwayo. Izibuko liquka umsebenzi onamandla wokukhangela, ubuza imibuzo rhoqo, kwaye uqhagamshelwano olungqalileyo kwiinkonzo ze Internet, iyenza ibe yindawo engundoqo yokuqalisa nabani na ofuna uncedo okanye ulwazi lwasekuhlaleni.
Iinkonzo zolawulo lokhuseleko loluntu
I-Social Security Administration (SA) ilawula enye yeenkqubo zengingqi ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi, inika umhlala-phantsi, ukukhubazeka, kunye neengenelo zokusinda kwizigidi zamaMelika. I-Citicates ingafumana iinkonzo ze-SSA ngemijelo emininzi, kuquka i-webhsayithi esemthethweni e SA.gov, ngomnxeba ku-1-77-1213, okanye ngokutyelela enye yee-ofisi zokhuseleko zentlalo-ntle zasekuhlaleni ezikulo lonke ilizwe.
Iinkonzo ezingundoqo ezikhoyo nge SSA ziquka ukufaka isicelo soKhuselo loluntu lweNtlalo-ntle, ukucela uncedo lomhlala-phantsi okanye ukufumanisa iinzuzo zexesha elizayo, ukulinganisela iinzuzo zexesha elizayo, ukuthatha indawo yekhadi lokhuseleko loluntu, kunye nokulawula iinzuzo ezikhoyo. I-SSA's iselurteal, ukhuseleko lweNtlalo-ntle ye-ntle ye-, ivumela abasebenzisi ababhalisweyo ukuba bajonge intelekelelo yabo yezentlalo, ukuqikelela iinzuzo zexesha elizayo, ukutshintsha ulwazi oluthe ngqo, ukucela ikhadi lobuphicociso, nokufumana ileta eluncedo.
Ukuyila ingxelo yam yoKhuseleko lweNtlalo-ntle, abemi kufuneka banikele inkcazelo yobuqu ukuze bazibonele, kuquka inani labo loKhuselo loNtlalo-ntle, ixesha nendawo yokuzalwa, kunye nedilesi yokuposa. Le nkqubo ikwafuna ukuba abasebenzisi baphendule imibuzo yokhuseleko esekelwe kwimbali yabo yetyala kunye neengxelo zemali ukuqinisekisa ukuba bakhuselekile.
ISebe leMicimbi yeMidlalo neNkxaso yezeMpilo
IMedicare, inkqubo ye-inshorensi yempilo yesizwe ngokuyintloko inceda abantu abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu, kwakunye nabantu abathile abaselula abaneziphene, ibonelela ngengxelo yempilo ebalulekileyo kwizigidi zamaMedicas kuwebhsayithi ye- yeMedicare.gov inikela inkcazelo ebanzi malunga nokubhalisa, iinketho, uthelekiso, kunye neenzuzo zeziyobisi ezigunyaziweyo.
Abami abafikelela kwiminyaka engama-65 ubudala kufuneka baqonde ixesha lokuqala lokuTsheba, eliqala kwiinyanga ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba inyanga iguquke ka-65 kwaye yandiswe kangangeenyanga ezintathu emva kokuba iphulo lokubhalisa lingekho linganeziphumo zezohlwayo eziqhubeka emva komnikeli wobomi. Iwebhsayithi yeMedicare inika izixhobo zokuthelekisa iinketho ezahlukileyo, kuquka i-Expreter Medicare (Izicwangciso Ezingu-A nezi-B), izicwangciso ze-Medicare Servement (Inxalenye yeC), kunye nenkcisombhu (Indawo D) yeziyobisi ezigunyaziwe (iCandelo).
Kubo bafuna uncedo kwiMedicare okanye imibuzo ephathelele ukukhutshwa kwengxelo, iState Health Inshorensi Active Program (Inqanawa) inikela amacebiso ngesisa, angenalucalulo kwiiofisi zasekuhlaleni kulo lonke iphondo. Abacebisi beNQANAwa banokunceda abo banokuncedwa baqonde ukhetho lwabo, bathelekise iiplani zabo, baze benze izigqibo ezithelekelelwayo ngenkxalabo yabo yempilo.
ISebe leMicimbi yeNkcubeko neMidlalo
U.S. Umignaticship kunye ne-Immigration Services (USCIS) zilawula inkqubo esemthethweni yokufuduka kwesizwe, iinkqubo zokulungiselela ubumi, amakhadi aluhlaza, imvume yomsebenzi, amaxwebhu okuhamba, kunye nezinye iinzuzo zokufuduka. I-webhsayithi esemthethweni ye-USCIS e-] USCIS.GOS[ inika iinkcukacha ezineenkcukacha malunga neenkqubo zokufuduka, iifomu zesicelo, iimali zokuhlawula, amaxesha okulungisa, kunye nemeko.
Iinkonzo ezingundoqo ezikhoyo nge-USCIS ziquka izicelo zokwenziwa, izibongozo ezisekelwe kuluntu, ukufuduka okusekelwe kumsebenzi, indawo yokhuseleko kunye nokulungiselela kweembacu, kunye nemeko yexeshana. Inkqubo ye-akhawunti ye-USCIS ye-intanethi ivumela abafaki-zicelo ezithile nge-electal, ukuphakamisa amaxwebhu axhasayo, ukuhlawula iindleko, ukukhangela imeko, nokufumana izazi ngezicelo zabo.
Kuncedo olusuka kumntu ohlala kwenye, iUSCIS isebenza ii-ofisi zasemasimini kunye namaZiko eNcediso yeNkqubo kulo lonke elaseUnited States. Izicwangciso zingacwangciswa kwi-intanethi ukwenzela iinkonzo ezithile, nangona iinkqubo ezininzi zokufuduka zifuna ukuba abafaki-zicelo balinde ukumiselwa okucwangcisiweyo okusekelwe kuhlobo lwesicelo kunye nakumsebenzi we-ofisi yasekuhlaleni.
Iinkonzo zemicimbi yengingqi
ISebe leMicimbi yezeMpilo (VA) linikela iinkonzo ezibanzi kumagqala asemkhosini kunye neentsapho zawo, kuquka ukunyamekela impilo, imbuyiselo yesiphene, iingenelo zemfundo, iimali-mali zasekhaya, kunye neenkonzo zokungcwaba. I-VA isebenza enye yeenkqubo ezinkulu zonyango oludityanisiweyo eUnited States, namaziko ezonyango, iikliniki ezingaphandle, kunye nezakhiwo ezisekelwe kuluntu ezikhonza amarhenkene kwilizwe lonke.
Izixhobo zokufumana iinkonzo nge-website ye-VA esemthethweni kwi-VA.gov, efumene utshintsho olubalulekileyo kwiminyaka yakutshanje ukuphucula amava omsebenzisi kunye nokufumaneka. Le ndawo ivumela amagqala ukuba afake izicelo zeengenelo kwi-intanethi, ucwangciso lokunyamekela impilo, ulwaleko, unyango, iingxelo zezamayeza, ukujonga ubume, kunye nonikezelo lwezibonelelo.
Iinzuzo ezingundoqo ze-VA ziquka imbuyiselo yeengxaki zenkonzo edityanisiweyo, iinkqubo zomhlala-phantsi zamavaleji emfazweni afumana ingeniso elinganiselweyo, imfundo kunye noqeqesho ngeenkonzo ze-GI Bill, ukubuyisela imisebenzi yempangelo kunye neenkonzo zengqesho, isiqinisekiso semali-mali yasekhaya, kunye neenkqubo ze-inshorensi yenkonzo yobomi. Iintlangano zenkonzo (VSOs) ezifana ne-American Legion, Veterans of Foreign Wars, kunye nee-Melika ekhubazekileyo
Inkonzo yengeniso yangaphakathi nenkxaso yerhafu
Inkonzo yeNgeniso yangaphakathi (IIRS) inika inkqubo yerhafu karhulumente, ukuqokelela irhafu kunye nokubuyisela irhafu yoomatiloshe nabantu ngabanye. I-website ye-IRS esemthethweni kwi- i-IRS.gov ibonelela ngoovimba abaninzi abahlawulela irhafu, kuquka iifomu zerhafu neempapasho, ukuqokelela ulwazi, ukuhlawula, ukulandelela ugcino lwerhafu, kunye nokuphendula kwimibuzo eqhelekileyo yerhafu.
Abami bangafumana iinkonzo ezininzi zesisa nge-IRS, kuquka ifashoni yeFree Falls elungele ukuhlawulwa ngengeniso ehlawulwayo ephantsi kwemiqobo ethile, i-Orgative Infective Taxior helper (VITA) ukwenzela abaqeshwa-rhafu abaphantsi kwengeniso egqithiseleyo, kunye nokunika irhafu iSilule soburhafu kwabaqeshi berhafu abaneminyaka engama-60 nangaphezulu. Ezi nkqubo zinika uncedo lwerhafu nge-IRS-ecerences kumazwe oluntu jikelele.
I-IRS ikwanikela izixhobo ze-intanethi ezifana noMncedi werhafu ophangaleleyo ekuphenduleni imibuzo yomthetho werhafu, umxhasi we-Anventimente wokulungelelanisa i-checks yokuzibophelela, kunye nenkqubo ye-Akhawuntal-ntes yokujonga iirekhodi zerhafu, ukwenza iindleko, nokuphatha izicwangciso zokuhlawula. Uncedo oluthe ngqo, abahlawuleli-rhafu bangabiza i-IRS ngoncedo lwe-IRS, nangona amaxesha okulinda anokuba luncedo ngexesha lencopho.
Iinkonzo zoncedo lwabafundi abaManyeneyo
Isebe leDraigray's Federal Students Aid lilawula iimali-mali zabafundi, izibonelelo, kunye neenkqubo zomsebenzi ezinceda izigidi zabafundi ukuba zihlawulele uqeqesho lwasekholejini kunye nolomsebenzi. Iwebhsayithi esemthethweni e StudeadAid.gov isebenza njengembutho ebanzi yolwazi olumalunga noncedo lwabafundi besizwe, kuquka nendlela yokusebenzisa, iintlobo zoncedo olufumanekayo, iinketho, kunye neenkqubo zokukhokha-mali.
Abafundi neentsapho kufuneka bagqibe isicelo sesicelo esikhululekileyo soFederal Students Aid (FAFSA) ukugqiba ukuba kufanelekile ukubonelela uncedo lwabafundi bezwe. IFASA ivula unyaka ngamnye ngo-Oktobha 1 ngonyaka wemfundo elandelayo, kwaye abafundi kufuneka basinikezele kwangoko kangangoko kunokwenzeka ekubeni olunye uncedo lunikezelwa kwingeniso yokuqala, isiseko sokuqala esigciniweyo. Isicelo sifuna ulwazi lwemali kwiimbuyekezo zerhafu, ezinokungeniswa ngqo ngokusebenzisa isiXhobo se-IRS sogcino-lwazi lwe-IRS.
Uncedo lwabafundi abafumana iFeant Grant luquka uPell Grants ukwenzela abafundi abaphantsi kwemfuno ekhethekileyo yemali, abalawulwa ngokuphandle nabangakhutshwanga, aba-PLUS Loans, aba-PLUS babazali kunye nabafundi abaphumeleleyo, kunye neenkqubo zomsebenzi wobuFederal. Ababoleki bangalawula iimali zabo zemali zemali zemali ezibolekisiweyo ngenkqubo ye-akhawunti ye-intanethi, enika ulwazi malunga nemali ebolekisiweyo, inzala, ulwazi-mqeshwana nenkcitho, kunye neenketho zecebo lokuhlawula.
Izibonelelo zolawulo loshishino oluncinci
I-SBA ye-website esemthethweni e-[FLT: 0] SBA. ixhasa oosomashishini baseMelika kunye nabaphathi boshishino abancinane ngeenkqubo zokuboleka imali, iinkonzo zokucebisa, ukufumana uncedo, kunye nokunceda kwintlekele. I-SBA ye-SBA] SBA.
Iinkonzo ezingundoqo ze-SBA ziquka ukuqinisekisa iinkqubo zokuqinisekisa ukuboleka iimali ezinceda amashishini amancinane angene kumakomkhulu ngokusebenzisa ababolekisi abathabatha inxaxheba, ukucebisa nokuqeqesha kwiiZiko elincinci loPhuhliso loBushishini (SBDC) kunye neenkqubo zoqeqesho lweSCORE, iinkqubo zokuqinisekisa amashishini afunwe ngamabhinqa kunye namashishini aqeshwa yimibutho encinane, kunye nokufumana uncedo kurhulumente. I-SBA ikwalawula iinkqubo zemali-mboleko yentlekele kumashishini kunye nabanini-khaya ezichatshazelwa ziintlekele.
IiNkonzo zikaRhulumente: Ukulawula izibonelelo zengingqi
Nangona iinkonzo zikarhulumente zinika inkxaso ephangaleleyo kulo lonke ilizwe, oorhulumente balawula imisebenzi emininzi abemi basebenzisana nayo rhoqo kubomi babo bemihla ngemihla. Ukusuka kumalayisensi okuqhuba kunye nokubhaliswa kweemoto kwirhafu zikarhulumente neenkqubo zempilo karhulumente, amaqumrhu karhulumente adlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunikezeleni iinkonzo eziyimfuneko kubemi. Ukuqonda indlela yokufumana ezi nkonzo zibalulekileyo kumgangatho karhulumente kubaluleke ngokufanayo njengenkqubo karhulumente yokuqhuba.
Ukufumana i-website karhulumente wakho
Umbuso ngamnye ugcina iwebhsayithi karhulumente esemthethweni esebenza njengendawo yokuqala yeenkonzo zikarhulumente kunye nolwazi. Ezi webhsayithi zilandela indibano engaguqukiyo enika igama leposi, zisebenzisa iindinyana ezimbini zeposi karhulumente zilandelwe yi .gov (umzekelo, ].gov yeyaseCalifornia okanye .gov[[FLT]] [] ka New York]. Amanye amaphondo asebenzisa ezinye iifomfom, njengemeko epheleleyo okanye iinguqu, kodwa zonke iiwebhsayithi zelizwe zisebenzisa ulawulo olusemthethweni ukuqinisekisa ubunyani nokhuseleko.
Iiwebhsayithi zikarhulumente zibonisa oovimba bemisebenzi abacwangcisiweyo, ii-database ezisemgangathweni, ii-portal zekhompyutha, kunye nolwazi oluphathelele amasebe karhulumente nee-ofisi zasekuhlaleni. Amazwe amaninzi athe asebenzisa imali ephawulekayo ekuguquleni amanani, nto leyo evumela abemi ukuba bagqibe intengiselwano epheleleyo kwi-intanethi ngaphandle kokutyelela ii-ofisi zokwenyani.
ISebe leeNkonzo ze-injini
ISebe le Motor Vehicles (DMV), okanye umbutho walo olinganayo kwiphondo ngalinye, ulawula ilayisensi zokuqhuba, ukubhaliswa kwemoto, ukudluliswa kweminxeba, kunye namakhadi okuchaza. Ngeli gama igama elithile lombutho lingafani ngorhulumente (manye amazwe ayibiza ngokuba liSebe leNgeniso, i-Mor Vehicle Division, okanye ezinye ezifanayo), iinkonzo ezinikezelweyo zisoloko zingqubana ngaphaya kwemiqathango.
Uninzi lwamazwe ngoku lunikela iinkonzo ze-intanethi kwintengiselwano eqhelekileyo ye-DMV, kuquka ukuhlaziywa kwelayisensi yokuqhuba, ukuhlaziywa kwemoto, utshintsho lwedilesi, izicelo zophinda- phindwa okanye ukwenziwa kobhaliso, kunye nocwangciso lokumisa. Ezi nkonzo ze-intanethi zingagcina ixesha elininzi xa kuthelekiswa nokutyelela i-ofisi ye-DMV, esoloko ibandakanya ixesha elide, ingakumbi ngexesha lencopho.
Ukuthengiselwana okufuna utyelelo olufuna intetho, njengezicelo zokuqala zelayisense yokuqhuba, uchazo lwe-ID yeNkcubeko yeNkcubeko, okanye uhlolo lwezithuthi, abemi kufuneka bahlole i-website yabo ye-DMV yesizwe ukuze bafumane amaxwebhu, iindleko, kunye nokufumaneka kwemali. Ngoku amazwe amaninzi afuna okanye akhuthaze ngokunamandla ukumiswa kweenkonzo ze-person, ezinokuhlelwa ngewebhsayithi ye-DMV yesizwe.
ISebe leMveli leNkxaso yeRhulumente neeNkonzo zeNtloko
Isebe lerhafu likarhulumente, elidla ngokubizwa ngokuba liSebe leNguqu okanye amagama afanayo, linika irhafu yengeniso karhulumente, irhafu yerhafu, irhafu yempahla, kunye neerhafu ezahlukeneyo zomgangatho karhulumente. Urhulumente ngamnye unemiqathango yerhafu, namanye amazwana angenayo irhafu, amanye anerhafu erhafu erhafu erhafu erhafu erhafu, kanti amanye asebenzisa izibiyeli zerhafu ezithe ngqo njengenkqubo karhulumente.
Iiwebhsayithi zesebe lerhafu lephondo zinika iifomu zerhafu nemiyalelo, imiyalelo yokuqokelela irhafu, iinketho, irejista yemali, kunye nokhokelo kwimithetho yerhafu. Amazwe amaninzi anikela irekhodi ye-elektroniki yamavoti ukuze afumane iibhaso-mali zerhafu karhulumente, mhlawumbi ngenkqubo yawo okanye ngonxulumano nabanikezi be-software yerhafu.
Abemi kufuneka balumkele umhla wokugcinwa kwerhafu karhulumente, ongqamana nommiselo werhafu karhulumente ka-Aprili 15 kodwa onokuthi wahluke kwezinye iimeko. Amasebe erhafu karhulumente akwanika iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zetyala lerhafu kunye nezikhuthazayo, ezifana nesihlawulelo serhafu yempahla kubantu abadala, iimali zerhafu zerhafu ezifumanelwe ingeniso, kunye nezikhuthazo zerhafu yeshishini.
ISebe lezeMpilo nezoLawulo
Impilo yempilo kunye namaqumrhu eenkonzo zabantu alawula iinkqubo ezininzi ezilungiselelwe ukuxhasa abantu abasengozini nokukhuthaza impilo kawonke-wonke. Ezi nkqubo ziquka iMedicaid, iNkqubo ye-Inshorensi yezempilo yaBantwana (CHIP), iMPAWU yexeshana kwiintsapho ezisweleyo (TENF), iSomeral Nutrition Assition Program (SNAP, izitembu zokutya ngaphambili), iinkonzo zokunceda abantwana, kunye namanyathelo oluntu empilo.
IMedicaid, enika inkcazo yempilo kubantu abangenayo kunye neentsapho, ixhaswe ngokumanyeneyo ngurhulumente norhulumente kodwa igawulwe kumgangatho karhulumente. Urhulumente ngamnye umisela imilinganiselo yakhe yokuzimela ngaphakathi kokhokelo lwesizwe, umisela iinkonzo ezigqunyiweyo, kwaye alawule iinkqubo zonikezelo. Izazingezo zingafaka isicelo seMedicaid nge-webhsayithi yempilo karhulumente nangeenkonzo zabantu, nge-webhsayithi ye-Engliginety Inshorensisty Mectorims e .Healthqure.v, okanye ngokutyelela iiofisi zoluntu.
Iingenelo ze-SNAP zinceda amakhaya afumana imali ephantsi athenge ukutya kwaye alawulwa ngabameli bakarhulumente phantsi kwemigaqo karhulumente. Izicelo zinokufakwa kwi-intanethi, ngeposi, okanye umntu ngamnye kwii-ofisi zobulali. Amaphondo amaninzi aye akhupha inkqubo yesicelo kwaye ngoku akhupha inzuzo ngokunikezela ngenzuzo ye-elektroniki (EBT) asebenza njengamakhadi edebit kubathelisi abagunyazisiweyo.
Iinkqubo ze-inshorensi ze-horsel yokungaqeshwa
Amaziko asebenzayo aseburhulumenteni alawula iinkqubo ze-inshorensi yokungaqeshwa, ezinika uncedo lwemali lokwexeshana kubasebenzi abaphulukana nemisebenzi yabo ngaphandle kwempazamo yabo. Urhulumente ngamnye umisela iimfuno zawo ezifanelekileyo, iimali eziyingenelo, kunye nethuba leengenelo, nangona iinkqubo zikarhulumente zinokunyusa iinzuzo ngexesha lokungaqeshwa okuphezulu.
Abahlali abaphulukana nemisebenzi yabo kufuneka babhale phantsi iinzuzo zokungaqeshwa ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka, njengoko kukho ixesha lokulinda ngaphambi kokuba kuqalise iingenelo. Iinkqubo zinikezelwa ngewebhsayithi yombutho wabasebenzi karhulumente, kwaye abathathi-nxaxheba kufuneka banike ulwazi ngembali yemisebenzi yabo, isizathu sokwahlukana kwemisebenzi, nokufumaneka komsebenzi. Amaphondo amaninzi afuna abafuni-mali ukuba babhalise kwinkqubo yokuphengulula umsebenzi karhulumente kwaye ngokukhutheleyo afune umsebenzi ngoxa efumana iinzuzo.
Amaziko asebenzayo karhulumente akwanikela uncedo lokukhangela imisebenzi, amacebiso ngomsebenzi, iinkqubo zoqeqesho, kunye nonxulumano nabaqeshi. Ezi nkonzo zifumaneka ngamaziko emisebenzi aseMerika (akwabizwa ngokuba ziZiko ezi-One-stop House), ezisebenza kuluntu kulo lonke elo lizwe.
Ukuhlaziywa nokuphinda kusetyenziswe
Amazwe alawula imisebenzi emininzi kunye nemisebenzi ngeebhodi ezilawulayo kunye namaqumrhu alawulayo. Ezi ziquka oogqirha bezonyango (oogqirha, abongikazi, amazinyo, oogqirha bamazinyo), oogqirha bezonyango, oogqirha bezomthetho (ooomatshini, aba-paralegali), ushishino lokwakha (oooogqirha bezombane, abasebenzi bezixhobo zombane, abasebenzi bendalo), abaphathi-mazakhono, oomatshini bendalo, abasebenzi bezemihlaba-mhlaba, nabanye abaninzi.
Iimfuno zooGcisa ezifuna i-intwala zobuchule zahluka kakhulu ngokwemfuno yemfundo, kuquka iimfuno zovavanyo, iimfuno zemfundo eziqhubekekayo, kunye neenkqubo zokuhlaziya. Iintsebenziswano ezifuna ukufumana okanye ukugcina amalayisensi obugcisa kufuneka zijonge i-website yebhodi yezorhulumente ukuze zifumane iimfuno ezithile kunye neenkqubo zokusebenza.
Amazwe amaninzi aye asebenzisa iinkqubo zokuqinisekisa i-intanethi ezivumela abathengi ukuba bahlole ubume belayisense yoogqirha, bajonge naziphi na izenzo zoqeqesho, kwaye baqinisekise iziqinisekiso. Ezi nkqubo zikhuthaza ukubonakala ngokucacileyo kwaye zinceda ukukhusela abathengi kuogqirha abangasetyenziswanga okanye ababohlwayiweyo.
IiNkundla zikaRhulumente neeNkonzo zoMgaqo-siseko
Iinkqubo zenkundla zeli lizwe zisingatha amatyala amaninzi asemthethweni eUnited States, kuquka amatyala olwaphulo-mthetho, iimbambano zamakhaya, imicimbi yomthetho wentsapho, imicimbi ephambili, ukwaphulwa kwemithetho yenkundla. Urhulumente ngamnye ugcina iwebhsayithi yenkundla enika inkcazelo ngeendawo zenkundla, iinkqubo zenkundla, iinkqubo, iinkqubo zokuphendla iinkundla, iinkqubo zokuphengulula, kunye nobuncwane bokunceda.
Urhulumente omninzi uye waphuhlisa iinkqubo ze-intanethi ezivumela amagqwetha kunye namagcisa azibonelela ngokwawo ukuba agcine amaxwebhu enkundla ngombane, ahlawule iindleko zemali kwi-intanethi, kwaye afumane izaziso ze-elektroniki malunga namatyala awo. Ezi nkqubo ze-e-e-covid zibaluleke kakhulu, ingakumbi emva kwesifo se-COVID-19, esikhawulezisa ukwamkela iinkonzo zenkundla ezikude.
Amazwe anika abemi abangakwaziyo ukuhlawula igqwetha, amatyala anika oovimba abahlukeneyo boncedo olusemthethweni, kuquka imibutho yoncedo enikela uncedo olusemthethweni ngokukhululekileyo kubantu abafumana imali ephantsi, amaziko enkundla anceda abantu ngeenkqubo zenkundla, negqwetha elinxibelelanisa abantu namagqwetha kwindawo yabo.
Imisebenzi Ebalulekileyo yeeNkonzo zikaRhulumente eziBalulekileyo
Ukuqhuba ngempumelelo iinkonzo zikarhulumente kufuna okungaphezulu kokwazi nje ukuba ngawaphi amaqumrhu onokudibana nawo. Izakhamuzi eziqonda iindlela ezisebenzayo zokusebenza nezoburhulumente zingalondoloza ixesha, ziphephe ukunxunguphala zize ziphumeze iziphumo ezingcono. Amacebiso alandelayo aza kukunceda usebenzise iinkonzo zikarhulumente norhulumente ngendlela ephumelelayo.
Hlala Usebenzisa Iiwebhsayithi Zorhulumente Osemthethweni
Enye yeyona mithetho ibalulekileyo yokufikelela kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente kukusoloko usebenzisa iiwebhsayithi zikarhulumente ezisemthethweni, ezisebenzisa i .gov ummandla. Lo mmandla uvalelwe kumasebe karhulumente asemthethweni kwaye unika isiqinisekiso sokuba ufumana ulwazi oluchanileyo neenkonzo. Zingawaphaphele ama-webhsayithi aphelayo kwi- .com, .org, okanye amanye amaphondo, njengoko la macandelo esenokuba ziinkonzo zorhwebo ezihlawula iindleko zolwazi okanye uncedo olufumaneka ngokukhululekile kwimithombo karhulumente, okanye ngaphezulu, asenokuba ziindawo eziceliweyo ezicelelwe ukuba ulwazi lobuqu.
Xa ukhangela iinkonzo zikarhulumente kwi-intanethi, khangela ummandla we-.gov ofuna iziphumo zokukhangela kwaye uqinisekise i-website ye-URL phambi kokuba ungene nakoluphi na ulwazi lobuqu. Ii-website zikarhulumente ezisemthethweni zikwasebenzisa unxulumano olukhuselekileyo (https:///) ukukhusela i-data yakho ngexesha losasazo. Ukuba akuqinisekanga ukuba i-website ivumelekile na, yisebenzise kwi-ofisi esemthethweni efana ne-USA.gov kunokuba unqande kwiziphumo zokukhangela okanye amakhonkco avela kwimithombo engaziwayo.
Ukuqokelela Uxwebhu Olufunekayo Ngaphambili
Izicelo zorhulumente neenkonzo zifuna uxwebhu olukhethekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba lungubani, ukuba lungangeni, kunye nezinye iinkcukacha ezifanelekileyo. Phambi kokuba uqale nayiphina inkqubo yesicelo okanye ukutyelela iofisi karhulumente, qwalasela ngenyameko iimfuno zoxwebhu kwaye qokelela zonke izinto ezifunekayo. Olu lulungiselelo lungathintela ulibaziseko, luphephe imfuneko yokutyelelwa okanye ukuthotyelwa, kwaye luqinisekise ukuba isicelo sakho silungiswa ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Amaxwebhu aqhelekileyo afunekayo kwiinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zikarhulumente aquka izatifiketi zokuzalwa, amakhadi oKhuseleko loNtlalo-ntle, amakhadi okusebenza komqhubi, iipesenti zombutho, iziqinisekiso zomtshato, imiqathango yoqhawulo-mtshato, imiqathango yerhafu, ukubuyiselwa kwerhafu, iingxelo zebhanki, iindleko zezemali, kunye nokugcinwa kwemali. Gcina la maxwebhu abalulekileyo elungelelanisiweyo kwaye agcinwe ngokukhuselekileyo, kwaye uqwalasele ukugcina iikopi zomzimba kunye neeskeni zamanani ukuze kufikeleleke lula.
Ukuze kufumaneke iinkonzo ezifuna amaxwebhu abhaliweyo okanye iikopi ezigunyazisiweyo, ceba kusengaphambili ukuzenzela ezi zinto, njengoko ukucela imibhalo ebhaliweyo kwiiofisi ezibalulekileyo okanye kwamanye amasebe kunokuthabatha iiveki eziliqela.
Yila i-akhawunti yonxibelelwano ukwenzela ufikelelo oluNgqongqo
Ngoku oorhulumente abaninzi banika abantu ii-akhawunti ze-intanethi ezivumela abemi ukuba bafumane iinkonzo, bathumele izicelo, bahlole imeko yabo, bahlawule, balawule iingxelo zabo ngombane.
Xa usenza ii-akhawunti zikarhulumente kwi-intanethi, sebenzisa ii-password ezomeleleyo, ezohlukileyo kwaye yenza ukuba kubekho ubungqina obubini befakta xa bukhona ukukhusela ulwazi lwakho lobuqu. Gcina ii-akhawunti zakho zikhuselekileyo kwaye uhlaziye ulwazi lwakho loqhakamshelwano ngokukhawuleza xa lutshintsha ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana izaziso ezibalulekileyo.
Qwalasela ukwenza iingxelo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu nangaphambi kokuba ufune iinkonzo zabo, njengoko inkqubo yokuqinisekisa ingathabatha ixesha. Ukuba sele imiselwe namaziko afana noKhuseleko lweNtlalo, lwe-IRS, lwe-DMV, nabanye bathetha ukuba uza kukulungela ukufikelela kwiinkonzo ngokukhawuleza xa kuyimfuneko.
Waqonde Amaxesha Okulungiselela Nokuceba Ngokuhambelana Nawo
Iinkonzo zikarhulumente zidla ngokuquka amaxesha okulungisa anokubakho iintsuku ngeenyanga, kuxhomekeke kwinkonzo, ukusetyenziswa kwesebe nokuntsonkotha kwemeko yakho. Ukuqonda amaxesha okulungiselela nokuceba ngokufanelekileyo kunokukunceda uphephe uxinezeleko kwaye uqinisekise ukuba uyamkela iinkonzo xa ziyimfuneko.
Ii-website ezininzi zezibonelelo zinika ixesha elithelekelelwayo lokulungiselela iinkonzo eziqhelekileyo. Umzekelo, ukulungiselela ii-passport kuthatha iiveki eziliqela ngexesha eliqhelekileyo naxa kuthatha ixesha elide ngexesha lencopho yohambo, izicelo zokufuduka ze-USCIS zingathabatha iinyanga okanye iminyaka kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwesicelo, kwaye izicelo zokhuseleko lweNtlalo zidla ngokucaciswa kwiinyanga ezimbalwa.
Xa ufuna iinkonzo ngomhla othile, njengepass yokuhamba okanye iingenelo eziza kuqala ngexesha elithile, faka isicelo sakho kuhle ngaphambi kwexesha ozigqibileyo. Amasebe amaninzi anika ucwangciso lokulungiselela umrhumo owongezelelekileyo xa kufuneka umsebenzi ngokukhawuleza.
Gcina Iingxelo Ezinenkcukacha Zazo Zonke Iindlela Zokungenelela
Ukugcina iingxelo ezicokisekileyo zokunxibelelana kwakho namaqumrhu karhulumente kubalulekile ukuze ulandelele izicelo zakho, ucombulule iimbambano, unike amaxwebhu xa kuvela iingxaki. Yenza inkqubo yokubhala, enoba yeyokwenyama okanye yamanani, ukulungiselela amaxwebhu anxulumene nenkonzo nganye karhulumente oyisebenzisayo.
Iingxelo zakho kufuneka ziquke iikopi zazo zonke izicelo ezingenisiweyo, amanani esiqinisekiso okanye iiresi, iileta ezifunyenwe ngabameli, iiphetshana elivela kwincoko yocingo (kuquka umhla, ixesha, igama lommeli, kunye nesishwankathelo sengxoxo), iikopi zamaxwebhu angenisiweyo, kunye nokulandelela iinkcukacha ze-apply widget. Ukuba utyelela iofisi ngokobuqu, gcina nayiphi na imibhalo enikiweyo kunye negama lomntu okuncedileyo.
Ezi ngxelo zinokuba luncedo kakhulu ukuba ufuna ukulandela isicelo esilibazisiweyo, ukubhenela kwisigqibo okanye ukusombulula ukungangqinelani kwinkcazelo yakho. Zikwanika uxwebhu olufuna isalathisi sakho kwaye zinokukunceda uphephe ukwenza imigudu okanye ukuphosa ixesha elibalulekileyo lokugqiba.
Lungiselela iindlela ezininzi zokuqhagamshelana
Amagosa karhulumente anika iindlela ezininzi zokufumana uncedo, kuquka iiwebhsayithi, iilayini zomnxeba, i-imeyile, ukuncokola nge-intanethi, iposi kunye nokutyelela umntu nge-oyile. Ukuqonda ukuba ufanele usebenzise ixesha elingakanani unxibelelwano ngalunye kunokukunceda ufumane uncedo olufunayo ngokufanelekileyo.
Uninzi lwabasebenzi abasebenzisa ii-website zoncedo oluqhelekileyo kunye nezorhwebo, ii-website zezibonelelo zidla ngokufumaneka ngokukhawuleza kwaye zisoloko zinika iimpendulo zemibuzo eqhelekileyo. Kwimiba entsonkothileyo okanye iimeko ezifuna uncedo lobuqu, iintambo zefowuni kunye neenkonzo ze-intanethi zingakudibanisa nabameli abanokuthetha ngeemeko zakho ezithile.
Xa ubiza abameli bakarhulumente, zilungiselele amaxesha okulinda anokuba made, ingakumbi ngexesha lencopho.
Kwimiba efuna inkcazelo eninzi okanye uxwebhu, unxibelelwano olubhaliweyo ngeposi okanye iinkqubo ezikhuselekileyo ze-intanethi zokuthumela imiyalezo zingaba zifanelekile. Utyelelo olukwi-person kufuneka lugcinelwe iimeko ezifuna intsebenziswano ejongene nobuso, njengoqinisekiso lobungqina, uhlolo loxwebhu, okanye ucoselelo lwengxaki entsokothileyo.
Funa Uncedo Kumaqela Abalawuli
Imibutho emininzi engafumani ngeniso, amaqela eenkonzo zobugcisa, kunye namaqumrhu eenkonzo zoluntu anikela uncedo lwasimahla kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente zokuqhuba inqanawa. Le mibutho inokuba luncedo ngokukhethekileyo kwiimeko ezinzima, kwiinkqubo zokubhenela, okanye xa kunzima ukufumana uncedo ngemijelo eqhelekileyo.
Imizekelo iquka imibutho yoncedo olusemthethweni kwimicimbi enxulumene nenkundla, iManyano yeNkonzo yeVeterans ukwenzela ii-VA, i-University Inssurance Programs zeMedicas, amaqumrhu okunikela ingcebiso ngezindlu kwiinkqubo ezinxulumene nezindlu, kunye nemibutho yorhwebo erhwebe kwimisebenzi yokufuduka. Le mibutho isebenzisa abasebenzi namatsha - ntliziyo anolwazi ngeenkqubo zikarhulumente kwaye anokunikela ukhokelo, uncedo ngezicelo, kunye nommeli wakho xa kuyimfuneko.
Iinkonzo ezininzi ezinikelwa ngaphandle kwexabiso, ingakumbi kubantu abangenayo okanye abantu abathile. Musa ukuthandabuza ukufuna uncedo xa uzama ukuqhuba iinkonzo zikarhulumente ngokwakho.
Waqonde Amalungelo Akho Nendlela Onokubhenela Ngayo
Xa ufaka isicelo seengenelo zikarhulumente okanye iinkonzo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba unamalungelo kuyo yonke inkqubo, kuquka ilungelo lokuphathwa kakuhle, ilungelo lokubhena izigqibo ezingalunganga, nelungelo lokufikelela kwiirekhodi zakho. Ukuba isicelo sakho sikhanyelwe okanye awuvumelani nesigqibo esenziwa ngumbutho karhulumente, unelungelo lokubhenela.
Iinkqubo zezibheno ziyahluka ngokweziko nangenkqubo, kodwa ziquka ukunikezela isicelo esibhaliweyo sokuphinda uphinde ujonge ngaphakathi kwesakhelo sexesha elibaluliweyo, ukunikezela ngobungqina obuthe kratya okanye uxwebhu lokuxhasa ityala lakho, kwaye ukuba nokwenzeka ukuba uquke ityala phambi komgwebi womthetho wolawulo okanye umphathi obhenelayo. Iiwebhusayithi ze-Agency zinika ulwazi ngamalungelo esibheno kunye neenkqubo, kunye nezibhengezo zokukhanyela ziquka imiyalelo yendlela yokubhena.
Musa ukucinga ukuba ukukhanyela kokuqala kugqibele ngezantsi .ukukhanyelwa okuninzi kuyarhoxiswa ngokubhena, ingakumbi xa abafaki-sicelo benika uxwebhu olongezelelekileyo okanye ingcaciso. Cinga ukufuna uncedo kwigqwetha okanye kumbutho wobugcisa ukuba ufuna ukubhenela kwisigqibo, ingakumbi kwizinto eziphezulu ezifana neengenelo zesiphene okanye amatyala okufuduka.
Iinkonzo zikarhulumente wamanani nemigudu yokwenziwa kwale mihla
Amasebe karhulumente kumgangatho worhulumente nowaseburhulumenteni aye enza utyalo-mali olubalulekileyo ekuguquleni amanani kwiminyaka elishumi edluleyo, ngenkqubela ekhawulezileyo emva kwesifo se-COVID-19. Le migudu yokuphucula ijolise ekwenzeni iinkonzo zikarhulumente zifikeleleke, ziphumelele, zisebenziseke kwaye zibe ngumhlobo wabemi.
Inkonzo yengingqi yengingqi yengingqi kunye neNkqubo zeMobile
Abameli abaninzi bakarhulumente baye benza ii-ofisi ze-intanethi ezidibanisa iinkonzo ezininzi kwindawo enye, ezivumela abemi ukuba bagqibe iintengiso ezahlukeneyo ngaphandle kokutyelela ii-ofisi eziphathekayo. Ezi zibuko zibonisa iinkqubo zokungena ezikhuselekileyo, iibhodi ezibonisa ulwazi olufanelekileyo kunye nezenzo ezizizo, uxwebhu olunobuchule bokufaka ubuchule bokufaka, iinketho ze-elektroniki, nokufumana irejista yezicelo nezicelo.
Izicelo ezihambayo zixhaphakile, namaziko aphuhlisa ii-apps zenkonzo ezifana ne-TSA PRECCP, ukuthunyelwa kwe-pasipower, ukufunyanwa kwengxelo yoKhuseleko lweNtlalo-ntle, iinkonzo ze-DMV zephondo, nezinye ezi. Ezi zicelo zibonelela ngeenkonzo zikarhulumente ezifanelekileyo kwii-cell phone namacwecwe, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuba abemi basebenzisane namaziko karhulumente ngokweenkqubo zabo.
Uqinisekiso lokwazi ngamanani
Njengoko iinkonzo zikarhulumente zihamba kwi-intanethi, abameli baye basebenzisa iinkqubo zoqinisekiso ezintsonkothileyo zokukhusela ukuqhatha ngeli xesha begcina ufikelelo. Ezi nkqubo zidla ngokusebenzisa uqinisekiso lwezininzi, zifuna abasebenzisi ukunikezela ngento abayaziyo (igama eligqithisiweyo), into abanayo (i-imeyili okanye ikhowudi yobungqina), yaye ngamanye amaxesha zizinto ezizi (i-data ye-biometric).
Abanye abameli bamkele igama elithile.gov, inkonzo yobungqina eyabelweneyo evumela abemi ukuba basebenzise i-akhawunti enye ukufikelela kwii-webhsayithi ezininzi zikarhulumente. Le nkqubo inciphisa imfuneko yokuyila nokuphatha ii-akhawunti zombutho ngamnye ngoxa ukulondoloza imigangatho yokhuseleko eqinileyo.
Ukufikelela koFikelelo noLwimi
Iiwebhsayithi zikarhulumente zanamhlanje zenziwe ngofikelelo engqondweni, zilandela iziKhokelo zeWeb Ufikelelo lwe-Universe Inforence Lines (WCAG) ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantu abaneziphene bayakwazi ukufikelela kwiinkonzo ze-intanethi. Iimpawu ziquka ukuhambelana komfundi, i-keyboard, i-oyile-ehamba, ubungakanani bombhalo olungelelanisiweyo, iindlela zomahluko ophezulu, kunye nolunye uhlobo lombhalo wemifanekiso.
Ukufumaneka kweelwimi kuphucukile, kunye namasebe amaninzi anikela iinkonzo ngeelwimi ezininzi. Amasebe omanyano kufuneka anike abantu abanobuchule obuninzi bamaNgesi, kwaye amasebe amaninzi karhulumente aneemfuno ezifanayo. Iinkonzo zokuguqulela, iiwebhusayithi ezithetha iilwimi ezininzi, kunye neenkonzo zokutolika ziqinisekisa ukuba imiqobo yeelwimi ayibathinteli abemi ekufikeleleni kwiinkonzo ezifunekayo.
Iinkonzo zikarhulumente oqhelekileyo ngokwesiganeko sobomi
Ukuqonda iinkonzo zikarhulumente osenokuba uzidinga ebudeni bexesha lobomi neziganeko ezahlukeneyo kunokukunceda ucwangcise kusengaphambili uze ufumane uncedo xa luyimfuneko. Amacandelo alandelayo achaza iinkonzo zikarhulumente eziqhelekileyo ezilungiselelwe ziziganeko eziphambili zobomi.
Ukuzalwa Nokuzalwa Kwabantwana Beselula
Xa umntwana ezalwa, abazali kufuneka bafumane isiqinisekiso sokuzalwa kwiofisi ebalulekileyo yephondo, bafake inombolo yoKhuseleko loNtlalo lomntwana, kwaye bafake isicelo se-inshorensi yempilo ngoMedicaid okanye nge-CPIP ukuba bafanelekile. Abazali basenokufanelekela iingenelo ezifana ne-Special Compatical Controtion Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), enika amabhinqa akhulelweyo, oomama abatsha, nabantwana abancinane inkxaso yezondlo.
Imfundo nophuhliso lomsebenzi
Abafundi neentsapho zabo bayasebenzisana neenkonzo zikarhulumente kulo lonke uhambo lwemfundo, kuquka ukufaka isicelo sokuncedwa kwabafundi kufutshane neFASSA, ukufikelela kwiinkqubo zolwazi lwemfundo karhulumente, ukusebenzisa iithala leencwadi zikawonke-wonke, nokuba nenxaxheba kwiinkqubo zophuhliso lwemisebenzi. Kusenokufuneka ukuba abantu abaselula babhalise i-Service yokukhetha (incopho yamadoda aneminyaka e-18 ubudala) baze bafumane iilayisensi okanye amakhadi okulawula.
Ukutshintsha Komsebenzi
Ukutyhubela iminyaka yomsebenzi, abemi basebenzisana neenkonzo zikarhulumente ezinxulumene nomsebenzi, kuquka ukuhlawula irhafu, ukunikela kwiNkundla yoKhuselo loLuntu neMedicare, ukufumana iimvume zobugcisa, ukufumana iinzuzo zokungaqeshwa xa kuvela ukuphelelwa ngumsebenzi, nokusebenzisa iinkonzo zophuhliso lwemisebenzi yokuguqula umsebenzi. Abantu abasebenza kunye nabaphathi bamashishini banentsebenziswano eyongezelelekileyo namaziko karhulumente obhaliso lwezoshishino, ukuthoba irhafu, nokuthobela irhafu, kunye neemfuno zolawulo.
Umtshato Nentsapho Iyatshintsha
Umtshato ufuna imvume yomtshato kunomabhalane wengingqi okanye kwiofisi yasekuhlaleni efanayo, kwaye kusenokufuneka ukuba kuqanjwe amagama kwiincwadi ezahlukeneyo zikarhulumente eziquka amakhadi oKhuseleko Loluntu, amalayisensi okuqhuba, kunye nee-passsport. Uqhawulo-mtshato lubandakanya ukuququzelela inkundla kwaye lungafuna utshintsho kwingenelo, ukugcinwa kwerhafu, kunye namaxwebhu asemthethweni. Iinkqubo zokungatshati zibandakanya amasebe karhulumente amaninzi kunye neenkundla zenkundla.
Impilo Nokungakhuthazi
Iziganeko ezinxulumene nobomi ezinxulumene nezonyango zisenokufuna ukufikelela kwiinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zikarhulumente, kuquka ukusebenzisela iingenelo zokukhubazeka ngokhuseleko loluntu olukhoyo (SDI) okanye ukhuseleko loMdal Infige (SSI), ukubhalisa eMedicare okanye eMedicaid, ukufikelela kwiintengiso ze-inshorensi yezempilo yephondo, okanye ukusetyenziswa kweenkonzo zonyango lonyango. Amasebe ezonyango aseburhulumente akwanikezela ngeenkonzo zoluntu zonyango ezifana nokugonywa kwemichiza, iinkqubo zokuthintela izifo, kunye nemfundo yempilo.
Ukuthatha umhlala phantsi
Ukuya kungena kumhlala phantsi kubandakanya ukudibana okuninzi okubalulekileyo kwenkonzo karhulumente, kuquka ukufaka isicelo sokufumana iingenelo zokhuseleko loluntu (ezinokwenziwa malunga neenyanga ezine ngaphambi kokuba kufike ixesha lokuqalisa kosuku), ukubhalisa eMedica kukwixesha lokuqala lokuHlela, okunokwenzeka ukuba ubhalise ukhuseleko loMdal Infice ukuba ubuncwane bulinganiselwe, kwaye ukufikelela kwiinkonzo eziphezulu ezilungiselelwe ngurhulumente nangabameli basekuhlaleni. Abathatha umhlala phantsi kufuneka bahlolisise imeko yabo yerhafu, njengoko imali yomhlala phantsi ihlawulwa ngokwahlukileyo kwengeniso yomsebenzi.
Ukuphela Kokuceba Ubomi Nemibandela
Xa ilungu lentsapho lihamba, abasindi kufuneka basebenzisane namaziko ahlukeneyo karhulumente, kuquka ukuxela ukufa kuKhuseleko loluntu, ukucela uncedo olusindileyo ukuba kufanelekile, ukusingatha imicimbi yefa ngenkundla yeprobate, ukufumana iziqinisekiso zokufa kwiofisi yerekhodi ebalulekileyo yephondo, kunye neenzuzo zamavava. Ucwangciso lwangaphambili, njengokwenza ukuthanda nokuzuza, lungazenza lula ezi nkqubo ngamaxesha anzima.
Ukuzikhusela Kubuqhophololo Nakubuqhetseba
Ngelishwa, abaqhathi badla ngokuzenza abameli bakarhulumente ukuba babe imali nenkcazelo yabo kubemi abangalumkanga.
Umxokelelwano wokhuhleko lukaRhulumente oQhelekileyo
Abakhohlisi badla ngokuzenza abasebenzi be-IRS, uLawulo loKhuseleko lweNtlalo-ntle, iMedicare, amagunya okufuduka, kunye namaqumrhu okuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi bomthetho bayangena ngokunjalo kwiminxeba yocingo, ii-imeyili, okanye imiyalezo yokubhala imiyalezo echaza ingxaki nge-akhawunti yakho, ityala lemali, iingenelo zakho ziya kubekwa, okanye ungenelwe kwingxaki esemthethweni. Umqhathisi ubangela ungxamiseko noloyiko lokunyanzela amaxhoba ukuba anike inkxakezo yobuqu okanye ahlawule intlawulo olukhawulezileyo.
Amagosa karhulumente akasayi kubiza inkcitho ekhawulezileyo, asongele ukubanjwa okanye ukusetyenziswa kwemithetho esemthethweni ngefowuni, acele intlawulo edlula kumakhadi okanye kuthunyelelwa ucingo, acele ulwazi lobuqu olufana neenombolo zoKhuseleko loluntu okanye iinkcukacha ze-akhawunti yebhanki ngomnxeba okanye ii-imeyili, okanye afune ukuhlawulwa ngaphandle kokubhala isaziso. Ukuba ufumana uqhagamshelwano olunjalo, ngokuqinisekileyo lubuqhetseba.
Indlela Yokuqinisekisa Ukudibana Okusemthethweni Korhulumente
Ukuba ufumana uqhakamshelwano olungalindelekanga oluzibanga luvela kumbutho karhulumente, musa ukunikezela ngolwazi okanye wenze naluphi na ubhaso. Endaweni yoko, xhoma okanye ucime umyalezo kwaye qhagamshelana nombutho usebenzisa inombolo yomnxeba okanye iwebsite oyifumana ngokuzimeleyo (inkcazelo enganikwanga ngumfono- mfono). Jonga kwi webhsayithi yesebe okanye inombolo yomnxeba kwimvelaphi ethembekileyo enjenge USA.gov, kwaye qhagamshelana nomzi-mente ukuqinisekisa ukuba bazama ukufikelela kuwe.
Uthumelo lukarhulumente olusemthethweni luza ngeposi eneleta yesebe kwaye luquka iinkcukacha ezikhethekileyo ngetyala lakho okanye i-akhawunti yakho. Kwanangoko, qinisekisa ubunyani ngokuqhagamshelana nomzi-zimfama phambi kokuphendula okanye ukunikela nayiphi na inkcazelo.
Ukunika ingxelo ngobuqhophololo
Ukuba udibana noqhatha kukarhulumente okanye ukholelwa ukuba ubulixhoba lobuqhophololo, xela kumagunya afanelekileyo. IKhomishini yeFederal Trade yamkela iingxelo kwi Ingxelo yeFraud.ftk.gov, kwaye unganika ingxelo yokuqhatha kwisebe elithile elizimiliselweyo. Ukuxelwa kobuqhophololo kunceda abasemagunyeni bafumane imigaqo yemikhwa kunye nabaqhatha-mthetho, ukukhusela abanye abasenokuba ngamaxhoba.
Oovimba Boncedo Olokugqibela
Ngaphandle kweenkonzo ezinikelwa ngabameli bakarhulumente, kukho oovimba abaninzi abanceda abemi ukuba balawule iinkqubo zikarhulumente baze bafumane uncedo abalufunayo.
211 Ulwazi neNkonzo yokuziphindelela
Ukudibanisa abantu abafowunelayo 211 kulwazi olubanzi kunye nenkonzo yonxibelelwano enika ulwazi malunga neenkqubo zikarhulumente, iinkonzo ezingangeni ngeniso, kunye nezibonelelo zoluntu. Iinkonzo ezikhoyo kwimimandla emininzi ye-United States, 211 zikho ngoochwepheshe abaqeqeshiweyo abanokunceda ekuchongeni iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo, ukubonelela iinkcukacha, kwaye maxa wambi bancedise ngezicelo. Le nkonzo ibaluleke kakhulu xa ungaqiniseki ukuba yeyiphi inkqubo okanye inkqubo enokukunceda kwimeko ethile.
Inkonzo yeNkcubeko yeNkcubeko
Abameli bakho abanyuliweyo kwiKhomishini bagcina ii-ofisi zeenkonzo ezincedisa kwimiba yombutho karhulumente. Ukuba ufumana iingxaki nombutho worhulumente, njengeengenelo ezilibazisayo, izicelo ezilahlekileyo, okanye imibandela engalungiswanga, ukuqhagamshelana noMmeli wakho okanye i-ofisi yoMmeli we-U. Abasebenzi beBhunga--mikhosi bangakunceda. Abasebenzi bangenza uphando kuwe, ukucela uhlaziyo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha banceda ukucombulula iingxaki. Fumana ulwazi lwabameli bakho ngeNdlu lweNdlu neWebhsayithi yeN.
I-Ofisi yeQumrhu leNtshona Koloni
Amaphondo amaninzi aneeofisi eziphanda ngezikhalazo ezingee-ofisi zikarhulumente zoorhulumente kwaye zinceda ekucombululeni iingxabano phakathi kwabemi namaqumrhu karhulumente. Ezi ofisi zisebenza njengamaqela angathathi-nxaxheba anokuhlola imeko yakho, ahlolisise iingxaki, kwaye asebenzele kwizigqibo ezifanelekileyo. Iinkonzo ze-Ombudss zikhululeke kwaye zinokuba luncedo ngokukodwa xa nisele nidinwe ngamajelo aqhelekileyo ngaphandle kwempumelelo.
Ithala leencwadi likawonke-wonke
Iincwadi zikawonke-wonke zisebenza njengeenkonzo ezixabisekileyo zokufikelela kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente, ingakumbi kubantu abangangeniyo kwi-intanethi ekhaya okanye abaswele uncedo ngobugcisa. Iithala leencwadi ezininzi zinika iikhompyutha ii-intanethi ukufumaneka, uncedo ngee-intanethi, iinkonzo zokushicilela kwiifomu zikarhulumente, yaye maxa wambi abameli abamenywayo abavela kumasebe karhulumente anikela uncedo oluvela kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente.
Imigaqo-nkqubo esekelwe kuluntu
Imibutho emininzi yoluntu inikela uncedo ngeenkonzo zikarhulumente, ngokufuthi inikela uncedo olukhethekileyo ekuncedeni abantu abathile okanye ekunyamekeleni iimfuno ezithile. Ezi ziquka amaziko oovimba abaphambukeli, amaziko aphezulu, imibutho ekhubazekileyo yokungafumani misebenzi, abasebenzi abasweleyo, kunye namaqumrhu oluntu.
Amacebiso Aluncedo Kwiimeko Ezithile
Iimeko ezithile zifuna ulwando olukhethekileyo xa kuqhutywa iinkonzo zikarhulumente.
Iinkonzo zokuhamba ngaphandle kokufumaneka kwe-Intanethi
Ngoxa iinkonzo ezininzi zikarhulumente zifudukile kwi-intanethi, amasebe asanikela iindlela zokufumana abemi ngaphandle kokufikelela kwi-intanethi. Iinkonzo zomnxeba, iiposi, kunye nokutyelela abantu abakwi-personson kusekho kwiinkonzo ezininzi. Iincwadi zoluntu, amaziko oluntu, ezinye ii-ofisi zikarhulumente zinika abo bakufunayo ikhompyutha ne-Internet iindlela zokufumana izicelo zephepha okanye uncedo lomnxeba ukuba awuzithandi okanye awukwazi ukufikelela kwiinkonzo ze-intanethi.
ISebe elifumana iiNkonzo ezinoMgaqo-nkqubo oMngcipheko
Amasebe alawula urhulumente kufuneka anike abantu abanobuchule obulinganiselweyo bamaNgesi ithuba lokufikelela, kwaye abameli abaninzi bephondo baneemfuno ezifanayo. Inkoliso yamasebe aphambili anikela iinkonzo ngeelwimi ezininzi, kuquka iSpanish, isiTshayina, isiVietnamese, isiKorea nezinye. Xa kuqhagamshelanwa nabameli, bacela itolike okanye izinto eziguqulelwe ngolwimi lwakho oluthandayo. Iiwebhsayithi ezininzi ziquka ukhetho lolwimi, kwaye iinkqubo zefowuni zisoloko zinikela inkxaso kwiilwimi ezininzi.
Izindlu Zokuhlala Ezinokubangela Isiphene
Kufuneka ukuba amaqumrhu karhulumente anike abantu abaneziphene ezifanelekileyo phantsi koMthetho weNkcitho nemithetho efanayo. Oku kuquka izakhiwo ezifikelelekayo, ezinye iifomati zamaphepha (njengemibhalo emikhulu okanye iBraille), abatoliki bolwimi lwezandla, ubugcisa bokunceda, kunye neenkqubo eziphuculiweyo xa kuyimfuneko. Xa kulungiselelwa okanye kucelwa iinkonzo, yazisa iziko naziphi na iindawo zokuhlala ozifunayo, kwaye kufuneka zinikezelwe.
Ukuphatha Amaxwebhu Alahlekileyo okanye Abelwe
Ukuba amaxwebhu abalulekileyo karhulumente afana nekhadi lakho loKhuseleko lweNtlalo-ntle, ipasipo yokundwendwela, okanye ilayisensi yomqhubi iyalahleka okanye ibiwa, thatha amanyathelo okuwabuyisela uze ukhusele ekubiweni kweempawu zomntu. Xela amaxwebhu ebiweyo kumapolisa asekuhlaleni, ucele abangenisi-mali abafanelekileyo, qwalasela iingxelo zakho zetyala ngomsebenzi okrokrelekileyo, kwaye ucinge ukubeka iqhinga okanye ukuthenga ngetyala kwiifayile zakho zetyala. Amaxwebhu amaninzi karhulumente anokutshintshwa, nangona inkqubo isenokuthatha ixesha kwaye ifuna iingxelo ezixhasayo.
Ulungiso Lwempazamo Kwizirekhothi Zorhulumente
Iimpazamo kwiirekhodi zikarhulumente, njengamagama angalunganga, imihla yokuzalwa, okanye amanani oKhuseleko loluntu, zingenza iingxaki ezinkulu xa ufikelela kwiinkonzo. Ukuba ufumanise impazamo, qhagamshelana nombutho ofanelekileyo ngoko nangoko ukucela ulungiso. Kuza kufuneka unikezele uxwebhu olungqina ulwazi oluchanekileyo, njengesiqinisekiso sokuzalwa, imiyalelo yenkundla yotshintsho lwegama, okanye ezinye iingxelo zesebe. Gcina imibhalo yazo zonke iileta kwaye ulandele rhoqo de ilungiseke impazamo.
Ukuhlala Usazi Iinkonzo zikarhulumente
Iinkqubo zikarhulumente, imigaqo kunye neenkqubo zitshintsha rhoqo, ngoko ukuhlala wazi ngeenkqubo ezihlaziyiweyo notshintsho kubalulekile ekufumaneni iinkonzo eziphumelelayo. Ukuzibophelela ekuhlaziyweni kwe-imeyili evela kumasebe osebenzisana nawo rhoqo, ukulandela iingxelo zezentlalo-ntle yabantu ezinxulumene neemfuno zakho, ukukhangela iiwebhusayithi zomaziko eenkonzo ngamaxesha athile ukuze kuvakaliswe kwaye kulungiswe iinguqu, kwaye kunikelwe ingqalelo ekuchongeni kweenkqubo zikarhulumente neenkqubo.
Utshintsho olukhulu kwiinkqubo zikarhulumente luxelwa kwangaphambili, lunika abemi ixesha lokulungiselela nokulungisa. Umzekelo, iinguqu kumaxesha okubhalisa, uhlaziyo kwimithetho yerhafu, okanye utshintsho olululo lokunceda iinkqubo ludla ngokupapashwa ngemijelo emininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba bayazi kakuhle into ebanzi.
Isiphelo: Zinike Amandla Njengemmi Esele Ifundile
Ukutyunjwa kweenkonzo zikarhulumente norhulumente akuyomfuneko ukuba kube yinto eyoyikisayo. Ngokuqonda isakhiwo seenkonzo zikarhulumente, ukwazi apho ungafumana khona ulwazi olunokuthenjwa, ukusebenzisa oovimba abakhoyo, nokulandela iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokusebenzisana namaqumrhu karhulumente, ungafumana iinkonzo neengenelo ozifunayo ngokunempumelelo.
Khumbula ukuba kukho iinkonzo zikarhulumente zokunceda abemi, kwaye abameli baneembopheleleko zokunikela iinkonzo ezifikelelekayo, ezifanelekileyo nezisabelayo. Musa ukuthandabuza ukubuza imibuzo, ukucela uncedo, okanye ukuxhasa wena ngokwakho xa uqhuba ezi nkqubo. Nokuba ufaka isicelo seengenelo, ukuhlaziya amaxwebhu, ukufuna ulwazi, okanye ukucombulula iingxaki, iindlela kunye nobuncwane obuchazwe kweli sikhokelo kuza kukunceda uqhube iinkonzo zikarhulumente ngentembelo enkulu nangempumelelo.
Njengokuba iinkonzo zikarhulumente ziqhubeka zisebenza ngokuhambelana nokuguqula, ukuhlala unolwazi nobhetyebhetye kuzakunceda. Thatha uncedo lweenkonzo ze-intanethi xa zikulungele, kodwa yazi ukuba iindlela zokufikelela zesithethe zikhona xa ziyimfuneko. Yakha ulwalamano nabameli abaluncedo, gcina iirekhodi ezicokisekileyo, kwaye unganikezeli ukuba udibana nemiqobo ./ukuzinzisa kunye nolwazi zizixhobo ezinamandla zokuqhuba ngempumelelo iinkqubo zikarhulumente.
Ngokufumana ulwazi nokwazi indlela yokufumana iinkonzo zikarhulumente, awuncedi nje wena kuphela kodwa ukwanceda namalungu entsapho, abahlobo namalungu asekuhlaleni afuna ukhokelo.
Amaziko angundoqo eeNkonzo zikaRhulumente eziBalulekileyo
- Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufikelela kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente ezisemthethweni kunye nolwazi
- Qalisa ngemibutho ephakathi njenge USA.gov ukwenzela iinkonzo zikarhulumente kunye newebhsayithi esemthethweni karhulumente weenkonzo zikarhulumente
- Ukuqokelela onke amaxwebhu afunekayo phambi kokuba kuqalwe iinkqubo okanye iiofisi ezityeleleyo ukunqanda ulibaziseko
- zincwadi ezifumana inkxaso-mali
- Gcina iingxelo ezineenkcukacha zazo zonke izicelo, iileta nokunxibelelana nesebe likarhulumente
- Ukuqonda amaxesha okulungiselela nokucwangcisa kusengaphambili ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyafumana iinkonzo xa zifuneka
- Yenza iindlela ezininzi zoqhakamshelwano (elayinini, kwifowuni, kwiposi, ngaphakathi kwe-person) ezisekelwe kwiimfuno zakho ezikhethekileyo
- Phendula uncedo kwiintlangano zobugcisa, kwiinkonzo zoncedo ezingokwasemthethweni, nakwimibutho yoluntu xa kufuneka
- Wazi amalungelo akho, kuquka ilungelo lokubhenela kwizigqibo ezingalunganga nokucela indawo yokuhlala
- Zikhusele kumaqhinga ngokuqinisekisa nakuphi na ukudibana okungalindelekanga okuthi uvela kumaqumrhu karhulumente
- Ukusetyenziswa kweenkonzo zoncedo lwesisa njengeelayini zenkcazelo ezingama-21, iinkonzo ezidityanisiweyo, kunye namathala eencwadi kawonke-wonke
- Zigcine wazi ngeenguqu kwiinkqubo zikarhulumente nemigaqo-nkqubo enokukuchaphazela
Ukuze ufumane ulwazi olungakumbi ngeenkonzo zikarhulumente karhulumente, tyelela USUSA.gov, isikhokelo esisemthethweni kulwazi neenkonzo zikarhulumente. Ukufunda okungakumbi ngeenkonzo ezithile zelizwe lakho, jonga kwiwebhsayithi karhulumente karhulumente osemthethweni. Ukuze ufumane uncedo ngokuqhuba iinkonzo zikarhulumente kuluntu, qhagamshelana nolwazi lwasekuhlaleni kunye nenkonzo yakho yenkonzo okanye ndwendwela ithala lakho leencwadi likawonke-wonke ukuze ufumane iikhompyutha, i-Internet, kunye nabasebenzi banolwazi abanokukunceda ukuba ufumane izinto ozidingayo.