Isiseko Sobulungisa Borhulumente

Ingcamango yokuhlola nokulinganisela ingundoqo ekusebenzeni korhulumente olungileyo nosesikweni. Iqinisekisa ukuba alikho isebe elinye likarhulumente elinamandla kakhulu kwaye isebe ngalinye linokuqwalasela lize lisikelele izenzo zabanye. Le nkqubo yenzelwe ukukhusela inkululeko yomntu ngamnye nokuxhasa imigaqo yedemokhrasi, esebenza njengesikhuseli sokunyanzelwa kwegunya ekhokelwa ngokwembali ekhokelela kwingcinezelo nokuxhatshazwa. Ngaphandle kwale nkqubo, kwanoorhulumente abameli banokuhlahlela ulawulo olungqongqo, njengoko imbali iye yabonisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

Umbindi wayo, uhlolo nolungelelwaniso lwamandla asasazwayo kwiiqumrhu ezininzi zolawulo, nganye inemisebenzi eyahlukileyo kunye namandla okuthintela ezinye. Oku kusasazwa akuyonto nje eluncedo yolawulo kodwa yisakhiwo somGaqo-siseko soyilo sangabom esicetyelwe ukudala ukhuphiswano kunye nokucalucalucalulo lolawulo. Isiphumo soxinzelelo sihlisa ukwenziwa kwesigqibo ngemposiso, sinyanzelela ulalanisa nokuthintela izenzo zokungxama okanye zokucinezela. Abahlali-mthetho, abenzi bomthetho, kunye nabaphengululi ngokufanayo baqonda le nkqubo njengesiseko solawulo-siseko emhlabeni wonke.

Imvelaphi Yeepektroli Nolungelelwano

Ingcamango yokuhlola nokulinganisela ingalandelwa emva kweGrisi yamandulo, apho izithandi zobulumko ezifana noPolybius zagcina umgaqo-siseko oxutyiweyo weRiphabliki yamaRoma zaza zaphawula indlela amagunya ayo ahlukeneyo avelisa ngayo uzinzo. Noko ke, yayizinkcuba - buchopho zoluNqano, ingakumbi uMontesquieu, owayichazayo le ngcamango ngendlela eyaphembelela ulawulo-lawulo-lulawulo-lulawulo-lulawulo-lulo lwamanyeneyo. Wagcina ukuba inkululeko ikhuselekile xa umthetho, ulawulo-mthetho, kunye nemisebenzi yezomthetho yahluliwe kwaye inikwe indlela yokuhlola enye.

Montesquieu’ imibhalo yabumba ngqo uluvo lwabaseki baseMerika. UJames Madison, kuFederali No. 51, wabhala ngokudumileyo ukuba i “ imfuno kufuneka yenzelwe ukulwa namabhongo, i” ukubeka ulwahlulo lwamagunya njengesisombululo esiyimfuneko kwingxaki yobuntu kurhulumente. UMgaqo-siseko we-U.S., wagunyaziswa ngo-188, wagunyazisa ezi ngcamango ngokudala amasebe amathathu alinganayo anamagunya angenawo kunye nesiseko samandla azimeleyo. Oku kuphuhliswa kwaba yimodemodeli yemithetho yedemokhrasi jikelele jikelele jikelele ehlabathini, ukusuka kwingxaki yemeko-Fransi yendaleko kurhulumente yelase-Asia naseLatin America.

Ukuphuhliswa kwembali yokuhlola nokulinganisela akuzange kuphele ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesibhozo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ubuchule baguqulwa ukucombulula imingeni emitsha. Ukwanda kwamaqela ezobupolitika, ulwando lwamaqumrhu olawulo, kunye nolwandiso lolwandiso lwezomthetho lwemida eyongezelelekileyo kwisakhiwo sokuqala. Namhlanje, ukuqonda le mvelaphi kunceda abemi balapho baqonde isizathu sokuba inkqubo isebenze njengoko isenza kwaye baqonde xa iphantsi koxinzelelo. Ukuvavanya ngokunzulu impembelelo kaMontesquieu, jonga le Stanford Encyclopedia of Filosophysie.

Amasebe Amathathu Karhulumente

EUnited States, urhulumente wahlulwe ngamasebe amathathu: uwiso-mthetho, umphathi, kunye nekomiti egwebayo. Isebe ngalinye linamagunya ahlukeneyo kunye neembopheleleko, ezivumela ukuba zisebenze ngokwahlukileyo ngoxa lisadityaniswe nge-web yemiqathango. Esi sakhiwo se-trartite sidityanisiwe kumacandelo amathathu okuqala omGaqo-siseko wase-U.S., ngalinye liseka umthombo owahlukeneyo wegunya ngesiseko salo sonyulo okanye sokumiselwa kwalo.

Isebe Elisemthethweni

Isebe lemithetho, iBhunga lowiso-mthetho, linembopheleleko yokwenza imithetho. Lineegumbi ezimbini: Indlu yabameli neNdlu yeeNdlu. Indlu, kunye nemithetho yayo eyiminyaka emibini kunye nonyulo olungqalileyo lwabantu, yayinzelwe ukubonisa ukuthanda okuthandwayo. IBhunga, elinemithetho yeminyaka emithandathu nemiselwe zizindlu zowiso-mthetho, yayinenjongo yokulungiselela ukuzinza nokumela izilangazelelo zikarhulumente. Zonke, zidlulisela iindleko, zibhengeza imfazwe, zilawula urhwebo, kwaye zilawula uqingqo-mali lwemali. Ingqungquthela ikwalawula amandla engxoweni, okuthetha ukuba akukho nyathelo legunya lendlu yempatho linokuqhubeka ngaphandle kokuxhaswa kwemithetho.

Isebe Elilawulayo

Isebe elilawulayo, elikhokelwa nguMongameli, linembopheleleko yokunyanzelisa imithetho. UMongameli ukhonza njengenkomfa yemikhosi exhobileyo, eqhuba inkqubo yamanye amazwe, emisela amagosa kunye nabagwebi besizwe, kwaye eqinisekisa ukuba imithetho karhulumente iphumezwe ngokuthembeka. Isebe eliphetheyo liquka isebe elikhulu lesebe kunye namaqumrhu alawula yonke into ukusuka kukhuseleko lwesizwe ukuya kumgaqo-bume bemeko-bume. UMongameli ukwanegunya elinamandla, uvavanyo olunetyala kwi-propati ye-wisticioc.

Isebe Eligwebayo

Isebe lejaji, elikhokelwa yiNkundla ePhakamileyo kunye neenkundla zamatyala ezisezantsi, linembopheleleko yokutolika imithetho nokuhlola ubugqeba balo. Abagwebi bamaQela basebenza ubomi babo bonke ukukhusela ingcinezelo yezobupolitika, besenza sigqibo sokungakhethi buso. Ngamandla okuhlola isigwebo, amiselwe Marbury v. Madison [1803], iinkundla zinokuwisa imithetho okanye izenzo eziphezulu ezichasene noMgaqo-siseko. Eli gunya lenza ukuba ijaji ibe ngumgcini wamalungelo onamandla omntu ngamnye kunye nemiqathango yegunya likarhulumente.

Indlela Osebenza Ngayo Nolungelelwano

Izixhobo ezisebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezivumela isebe ngalinye ukuba lijonge lize libeke ezinye umda. Le nkqubo ibalulekile ekuthinteleni ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwamandla nasekuqinisekiseni ukuba izenzo zikarhulumente zibonisa ukuthanda kwabantu. Intsebenziswano inamandla, nesebe ngalinye elinezixhobo zokuxhathisa ukungenelela nokunyanzela intsebenziswano.

  • [[NKQUBO:0] IBhunga eliLingeneyo: IBhunga lingaphengulula lize libambe amatyala kwizenzo zolawulo, amaxwebhu namangqina, kwaye lingawasebenzisi kwaye lisuse amagosa karhulumente kuquka uMongameli. IBhunga liqinisekisa ukubekwa komongameli kwaye lifaka izivumelwano ezigunyazisa impembelelo enkulu kubasebenzi besebe abaphetheyo kunye nenkqubo yamanye amazwe.
  • [[NTL:0] Igunya loMongameli angawunika umthetho odluliselwe yi-Congress, efuna ukuba isibini sesithathu se-magumbi angaphezulu abekwe phantsi. Le mikhosi iqhubela phambili iqwalasela uMongameli ’ imiqathango kunye nolwakhiwo olubanzi lwemiqathango edityanisiweyo. Isisongelo seveto kuphela singenza ubuchule bomthetho.
  • [[NTLA] Impinda yeJodicial: IiNkundla zingavakalisa imithetho okanye izenzo zolawulo ezingekho semthethweni, zizenzi zitshitshise nakanjanina inkxaso yowiso-mthetho okanye yegunya elilawulayo. Eli gunya linwebela ekuhloleni imimiselo yesebe, imiyalelo yegunya, nemimiselo yequmrhu, ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke inyathelo likarhulumente lihambelana nemiqathango yesiseko.
  • Isiqinisekiso kunye namagunya okuGqibela: uMongameli ubeka abagwebi borhulumente namagosa aphezulu, kodwa iNdlu yeQela kufuneka ibaqinisekise. Eli gunya labelanayo likhusela amasebe ekusebenzeni urhulumente kunye nabalandeli abanyanisekileyo. Ikwadala uvavanyo lwezopolitiko kwingcamango yezomthetho.
  • [[Umthetho:0] Amandla oMgaqo-siseko: Indlu ingawabeka amagosa karhulumente e- “ ulwaphulo-mthetho oluphezulu kunye nabasebenzi abangalunganga, i-” kwaye iBhunga liqhuba ityala. Eli nyathelo libeka ityala lomphathi kunye namasebe ejaji ajongene nehambo engafanelekanga enzulu, njengoko kuboniswe kwiimeko ezininzi zembali.
  • Amandla ePurse: ulawulo lwemali karhulumente. Akukho nkqubo yegunya eliphetheyo enokuthi isebenze ngaphandle kwemali efanelekileyo, inika iKhomishini ukuxhotyiswa kwemithetho. Eli gunya libaluleke kakhulu ekuhloleni amabhongo omongameli kwinkqubo yangaphandle kunye nesenzo somkhosi.

Ezi nkqubo azisebenzi ngokuzikhetha. Zisebenza ngeendlela ezintsonkothileyo, zidala inkqubo apho isebe ngalinye kufuneka lithethele lize lilalanise ukuze lifeze iinjongo zalo. Ngokomzekelo, umongameli we-veto angakhokelela kwiNgqungquthela ekuvuselweni komthetho, ngoxa isisongelo sovavanyo lungathintela iKhomishini ekubekeni imithetho enwebekayo. Isiphumo sokuqulunqwa singurhulumente oqhuba ngabom kwaye ofuna ukuba kwenziwe into ebalulekileyo.

Ukubaluleka Kokuxilonga Nokulungelelana

Iingqiniba kunye nolungelelwano lubalulekile ngenxa yezizathu eziliqela, kuquka ukuthintelwa kobundlobongela, ukukhuselwa kwamalungelo omntu ngamnye, nokukhuthazwa kokuziphendulela korhulumente. Ezi ngenelo azikho nto ibonakalayo kodwa zinentsingiselo ecacileyo ngendlela abemi abalawulwa ngayo nendlela ulawulo lomthetho olugcinwa ngayo.

Ukuthintela Ukucinezelwa

Ngokusasaza amandla, akukho sebe linye elinokulawula amanye. Oku kuDalatsha kwakusemgangathweni kuMsunguli ’ umyili, owayesoyika igunya elisezantsi kwanakwiintlobo zedemokhrasi. Xa elinye isebe liphamba, elinye linezixhobo zombutho ukuba lixhathise. Oku kuthintela kwesakhiwo kwenza kube nzima nakweliphi na iqela okanye inkokeli ukubamba ulawulo olupheleleyo, ukugcina ulawulo lwedemokhrasi lwedemokhrasi naphakathi kweemeko zezobupolitika.

Ukukhuselwa Kwamalungelo

Amalungelo ayalondolozwa xa igunya likarhulumente lilinganiselwe. Uhlolo lwezeejaji lukhusela inkululeko yokuthetha, inkululeko yonqulo, inkqubo efanelekileyo, kunye nokhuseleko olulinganayo kwiintloko-mthetho okanye kwizenzo zolawulo ezisenokuphazamisana nazo. Ukwahlulwa kwamagunya kudala kwakhona iinkalo ezininzi zokufikelela kubemi ekucel ’ umngeni izenzo zikarhulumente, ukuqinisekisa umgaqo wokuba urhulumente umele asebenze ngaphakathi kwemida esemthethweni. Umzekelo, abantu ngabanye banokumangalela amaqumrhu karhulumente ngenxa yolwaphulo-mthetho, kwaye iinkundla zinegunya lokuyalela ukupheliswa.

Ukuphendula kunye nokubonisa ngaphaya

Isebe ngalinye kufuneka liphendule kwamanye, kukhuthazwa ukuba kubonakale ngaphaya kolwazi kunye nembopheleleko. Uphando olusemthethweni lubhenca ukuziphatha okubi okuphezulu, iimbono ezigwebayo zicacisa iimbopheleleko zikarhulumente ezingokwasemthethweni, kunye nenkqubo yokunyulwa kwesebe lizigcine zinobutyala kuwo onke amasebe kubantu. Olu thungelwano luqinisekisa ukuba izenzo zikarhulumente ziphantsi kocelomngeni oluselubalaseleni nolusemthethweni. Ngaphandle kovavanyo nolwahlulo, ukuphendula kubuthathaka njengoko amandla ehla oko kwaye iinkqubo zolawulo zipheliswa.

Ukukhuthaza Inkululeko Nokulalanisa

Ungquzulwano olubangelwa kukuxilonga nokulungelelanisa abenzi benkqubo ukuba bakhe imibutho elungelelanisiweyo baze bafune ukulalanisa. Umthetho kufuneka udlule omabini amagumbi eBhunga, uphumelele kwi-veto, kwaye umelane nocelomngeni lobumongameli. Le nkqubo, nangona icotha, ivelisa imigaqo eqwalaselwe ngenyameko enandipha inkxaso ebanzi. Ikwakhusela iminqweno encinane ngokufuna amatyala aphezulu ukwenzela izenzo ezithile, ithintela inkoliso elula ekubangeleni iinguqu ezinzulu ngaphandle kokuvumelana okubanzi.

Uhlolisiso Lwetyala Kwiipeksi Nakulungelelwano

Imizekelo yembali ibonisa ukuphumelela kovavanyo nolungelelwano olusebenzayo. Iimeko eziphawulekayo ziquka ihlazo leWatergate, ukucetyiswa kwetyala kuMongameli uBill Clinton, kunye neenkxwaleko zakutshanje kubaphathi abaphezulu. Imeko nganye ibonisa indlela urhulumente asebenza ngayo phantsi kwengcinezelo yehlabathi yokwenene yezobupolitika, etyhila zombini amandla nobuthathaka kwinkqubo.

Isikwenkwe Samanzi

Ihlazo leWatergate lowe-1970 lakhokelela kwisiphithiphithi esikhulu sezobupolitika laza labonakalisa amandla eBhunga eliphetheyo lokuphanda isebe. Ukuqala ngokuqhekeka kwikomkhulu leKomiti yezolawulo lwezolawulo lwezolawulo lwezolawulo lwezolawulo lwezikomkhulu, kwaye ngokulandelayo imigudu yokugquma iWhite House Battel, ihlazo laquzeleka ngothothotho lwee-checkss: ijajiyalelo lokukhutshwa kweeteyithi zeWhite House, iKhomishini yaba ne-Profeclate yazi ezicuthekileyo, kunye neKomiti yendlu yeJadiary Com evola amanqaku okunga ukunga imigaqo yokunga. Ekugqibeleni ihlazeka koopoli kaMonga Nixon & quos ngoAptarsques ngoAgue, ibala impumelelo yokuhlola nokulawula kwedemokh kulawulo lolawulo lolawulo lolawulo lolawulo lolawulo-othorishipt.

Ukuphenjelelwa NguBill Clinton

Ukuququzelelwa kukaMongameli uBill Clinton ngowe-1998 kwakusisinye isiganeko apho kwavavanywa khona uvavanyo kunye nolwahlulo. Emva kokutyholwa kokunganyaniseki nokuthintelwa kokusesikweni okunxulumene nokuziphatha kwakhe okungekho mthethweni, iNdlu yabameli yavota ukuba ivotelwe ukuba i-Clinton nganye. Indlu yeQela yaze yamkhulula emva kokuvavanywa. Le nkqubo yabonisa ukuba isebe lemithetho i’ igunya lokugcina umphathi wesebe linetyala lokuziphatha okubi, liqinisekisa ukubaluleka kokungathobeki ngokwesondo. Yabonisa kwakhona ukuma kobupolitika kokungagunyazi, kunye neziphumo zoluvo lolungelelaniso lukawonke wonke njengemilinganiselo esemthethweni. Imeko kaClinton ihlala iyindawo yokubhekisa imigaqo yokuqonda nokungatyikiselwa kwegunya-gcisa.

Inkundla Ephakamileyo Nomyalelo Olawulayo

Imizekelo yanamhlanje yamandla ophando oluphezulu okulawula iquka izigqibo ezininzi zeNkundla ePhakamileyo ezibetha okanye ezimisela imiyalelo yabalawuli. Abaselula bahlola iheader & Tube Co. Seayyer (1952), iNkundla yagqiba ukuba uMongameli Truman akanakukwazi ukuthatha izigambhu zentsimbi ngexesha lemfazwe yeKhoreji ngaphandle kogunyaziso lolawulo lwequmrhu. Kutshanje, iNkundla ibuye yazinze izenzo zesikhululo kwinginginya yokufuduka, kumgaqo wemeko, nokhuseleko lwesizwe. Le mizekelo ibonisa ukuba iinkundla ziya kumiselwe imidabambo yomgaqo-siseko xa isigqeqesi-nga-ngameli sokhuseleko sesizwe okanye amagunya kaxakeka. Ilungu elilawula i-julrispride ngokubhekiselele kwegunya-mthetho libonisa ukuba ukujonga nokuzinzo oluthe rhoqo nokulungela ulawulo lwezo lwezolawulo.

Ulawulo lobuntlola olulungelelanisiweyo

Ityala leKomiti yeCawa lokuchonga iingxelo zonyaka ka-1970 libhenca ukuxhatshazwa okugqithisileyo kwamaziko obuchule, kuquka ukujongwa okungekho mthethweni, amaqhinga okubulala, kunye nokuhlola ikhaya. Olu phando lwengqungquthela lwakhokelela ekudalweni kweNkundla yeNgqino yoBuntlola yaseMazweni (FISC) kunye neNgqilaniso yoLawulo oluPhezulu, ukuseka iingqino ezintsha kwimisebenzi yobuchule obuphezulu bamasebe ase-United States. Ityala libonisa ukuba ukuhlolwa nomlinganiselo awudityaniseki kodwa uphendukile ukuphendula ukutyhilwa kokuxhatshazwa kwemizwa kwemibutho yemithetho emitsha yokulawula amandla olawulo.

Ucelomngeni Lokuxilonga Nokulungelelana

Nangona zibalulekile, uphando nokulungelelana kujongene nocelomngeni kulawulo lwale mihla. Ukuthatyathwa kwezobupolitika, ukuphangwa kwezikhulu, nokukhuthuka kwezithethe kungenza ukuphumelela kwale nkqubo i. Ukuqonda ezi ngxaki kubalulekile kubemi abasebenzela ukulondoloza urhulumente womgaqo-siseko.

Ukuhlaziywa Kwezobupolitika

Ucalucalulo olugqithisileyo lungakhokelela kwiqhina elikwintlupheko kwaye luthintele ukuphatha okunempumelelo. Xa ukunyaniseka kweqela kuthatha indawo yokuqala kunoxanduva lwamasebe, amasebe angasilela ukukhangelana. IBhunga elilawulwa liqela elinye njengoko uMongameli enokuthi aqhube ulawulo olude, ngelinye ixesha iBhunga elilawula inkcaso lingasebenzisa amandla okuphanda aluncedo kunokuphendula nyani. Ukwenziwa kwentelekelelo kunciphisa ukuzimisela ukulala, kwenza ukuthobeka kwemiqathango kunye nolungelelwano kube nempumelelo encinane. Ukuncipha kwe-bipartantishishishini, okuchazwe yi-mili yezopolitistiki efana ne-D - NWOTNATET, kubonisa ukukhula komvo lwamaqela edityalwayo phakathi kwamaqela ukususela ngowe-19707077777.

Ufikelelo olungaphezulu

Oomongameli bangazama ukwandisa amandla abo ngaphaya kwemiqathango yomgaqo-siseko, ingakumbi kwiindawo zokhuseleko lwesizwe, amagunya ongxamiseko, kunye nokubekwa kolawulo. Ukwanda kwesebe eliphetheyo kunye nokwanda kwemiyalelo yezolawulo, isalanda somongameli, kunye nemimiselo yeziko ithe yawasusa amandla kwiBhunga. Ukusetyenziswa kwamazwi okutyikitya, apho oomongameli bavakalisa injongo yabo yokunganyanzelisi imithetho ethile abayityikityo, kwakhona bavavanya imida yemiqathango yomgaqo-siseko. Abaphengululi kwimibutho efana neBrennan Center yeJaji yeJaji yeJaji, bachase ukwandisa amandla okulawula kumacala omabini, bechasana ukuba le njongo ikhawule kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje.

Ukubhijabhija kweminwe

Uqheliselo lwesithethe oluxhasa iingqikelelo kunye nolungelelwano lungatyeshelwa. Umzekelo, umgaqo ochasene nokudubula abaphathi beFEF ngexesha lomkhosi, ukucebisana kweKholathi ngesenzo somkhosi, nokugcina inkonzo yezoburhulumente engathanga-nxaxheba akusoloko kucetyiswa kumthetho kodwa kunyanzelekile ngokwembali yokuziphatha kukarhulumente. Xa le mithetho iphengululo ithe yaphela, iindlela zomthetho zokuhlola zisenokungqinela. Umzekelo, umthetho ochasene nokudubula abaphathi be-FBI ngexesha lophandoqo oqhubekayo waphulwa ngo-2017, kwaye isithethe seNjenga lokuqwalasela ii-mshelaniso zomthetho phakathi kwe-ethe ngqini elungelelanisayo ngokweembali ebanzi. Ukulungisa le mithetho kufuna ingqalelo ekhoyo kuzo zopolitiko kunye noorhulumente noluntu.

Imigaqo-nkqubo

Isebe lejaji, elihloselwe ukuba libe yeyona izimeleyo, lijongene nocelomngeni olunxulumene nokubekwa kwamalungiselelo. Amadabi oqinisekiso aye anyuka ngokuhambelana, yaye abalawuli abajongene nokulibaziseka nokubekwa kwetyala okugqithisiweyo. Ukuthemba uluntu kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo kuye kwancipha, ngokuhlola okusuka kuGallup ebonisa irejistation engaphantsi kwama-50% kwiminyaka ethile. Ukuqondwa kweenkundla njengamaziko ezobupolitika kunokuba abalawuli abangakhethi buso bawabeka esichebini kusongela amandla azo okusebenza njengee-chebo abasebenzayo kwamanye amasebe. Ukugcina igunya lokulawula inkundla kufuna ukuzimela nokuqinisekisa ukuba ikomiti ixhomekeke kwimigaqo esekelwe kwiziqinisekiso ezingaphantsi kwama-50% kunokusekelwe kwiimvavanyo ze-litvo.

Ubuchule bolawulo

Urhulumente wale mihla, onamagunya amakhulu olawulo kunye negunya lawo elilawulayo, ulucelomngeni lokwahlukana kwamandla ngokwesithethe. Amasebe olawulo adibanisa imithetho, impatho-siseko, kunye nemisebenzi yokugweba kwimibutho enye, aphakamisa imibuzo ngokuphendula nokuvelela. Imfundiso engagunyaziswanga, emisela iiKhomishini ’ amandla okudlulisela amandla emithetho-siseko sowiso-mthetho kumasebe, aye abuthathaka. Urhulumente olawulayo owenziweyo usebenza ngengqiqo enkulu, ngokufuthi ukhuselwe kwityala elithe ngqo. Izigqibo zakutshanje zeNkundla ePhakade ziquka West Congress Congress &sququareareare [[FLD] [202], uphawu oluhlazisweyo lokulungela ulawulo olulawulayo, kodwa uxinzelo olusayo olusayo.

Ukulondoloza Iindlela Nolungelelwano

Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ii-checks nolungelelwano luhlala lusebenza, abemi kufuneka bahlale bebophelelekile yaye benolwazi. Ukuba nenxaxheba kwinkqubo yedemokhrasi, kuquka ukuvota nokukhuthuza, kubalulekile ekubekeni ityala kurhulumente. Ukulondolozwa korhulumente womGaqo-siseko ekugqibeleni kuxhomekeke kumntu onolwazi nokhutheleyo okulungeleyo ukukhusela imigaqo-nkqubo yoluntu nokufuna ukuba aphendule onke amasebe.

  • Hlala uphathwe: Ukuqonda imicimbi yezobupolitika kunye nezenzo zikarhulumente kubalulekile. Imithombo yeendaba ethembekileyo, imibutho ezimeleyo yokugada inja, kunye nolwazi olusemthethweni lunceda abemi bamazwe bavavanye ukuba ii-checks kunye nolungelelwano lusebenza kakuhle na. Ii-ekhompyutha njenge-Congregational Research Service inikeza uhlalutyo olungomthetho nolungolulo lwemiqathango.
  • Iparicipate kukhetho: yindlela esisiseko yokuphembelela urhulumente nenkxaso yomqondiso kwimigaqo-siseko. Unyulo oluphambili, phakathi kwexesha lonyulo, kunye nokhetho lwasekuhlaleni yonke into efuna ukugqiba ukuba ngubani onegunya kunye nezinto eziza kuqala abazifunayo. Abami kufuneka bavavanye abathathi-nxaxheba ngokusekelwe kwintlonelo yabo kwimida yolawulo kunye neenkqubo zedemokhrasi.
  • Imigaqo yokuxhasa ukubonakala ngaphaya: ekhuthaza ukukhutshwa kwemali yezemali evulekileyo kunye nokuziphendulela, kuquka ukukhutshwa kwephulo, imithetho yemilinganiselo yemilinganiselo, nenkululeko yolwazi. Ukubonakala gca kwenza ukuba ulongamelo lube lunamandla anzima ukuba naliphi na isebe lisebenzise kakubi igunya emfihlekweni.
  • Iqumrhu loMbutho loMkhosi weDefend: Thetha nxamnye nezenzo ezinciphisa iichemo kunye nolungelelwano, kungakhathaliseki ukuba unxulumene namaqela. Inkxaso yenyani yeqonga ikhusela inkqubo ekukhukulisweni ngokuthe ngcembe. Imibutho yabemi, iimbumba, kunye namaziko emfundo adlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni imigaqo-siseko.
  • [[NTLA] I-Support Independent Institutions: Umatshini wokushicilela okhululekileyo, ijaji ezimeleyo, kunye nenkonzo yengingqi yengingqi yengingqi ziluncedo ekugcineni ii-check kunye nolungelelwano. Ukuxhasa la maqumrhu ngokubophela kunye nokukhusela ukuhlasela kwezobupolitika kunceda kugcine inkululeko nokuphumelela kwawo.

Isiphelo

Ii-checks nolwaluko lusimbombo sorhulumente olungileyo nosesikweni. Zikhusela amalungelo omntu ngamnye, zithintele ubuzwilakhe, zikhuthaza ukuphendula komntu wonke amasebe. Njengabemi, yimbopheleleko yethu ukuphakamisa le migaqo nokuqinisekisa ukuba urhulumente wethu uhlala enyanisekile kwiinjongo zakhe zedemokhrasi. Le nkqubo ayikuzinqumli; ifuna ingqalelo eqhubekayo, ukuthanda kwezobupolitika, kunye nabantu abathenjiweyo ukuba basebenze njengoko kucetyiwe.

Ingxelo yembali ibonisa ukuba xa uhlolo nolungelelwano lugcinwa, ulawulo-lwazi lwedemokhrasi luzinzile, amalungelo akhuseleke ngakumbi, kwaye urhulumente usabela ngakumbi kulawulo. Xa ebuthathaka, umngcipheko wolawulo olungqongqo, ukunganyaniseki, kunye nokungabi nabulungisa kwamacebo okulawula okusesikweni kwanda. Isizukulwana ngasinye kufuneka sifunde iindlela zorhulumente womGaqo-siseko size sizinikele ukuzigcina. Ukuqhubeka sifunda ngembali nangengcamango yokwahlula amagunya, [FLT: 0] uqokelelo lwamaxwebhu asisiseko ogcino-Mazikomsila anike izinto ezisisiseko, ngelixa ] i-Chon.[FLT].

Ikamva lokuhlola nokulinganisela lixhomekeke ekubeni abemi bayakuqonda oko bakuxabisayo nokuba bayakwenza na ukukhusela. Kwixesha leenguqu ezikhawulezileyo zezobupolitika namandla olawulo andayo, imigaqo yokunika igunya nokuzibambana iyaqhubeka ibalulekile njengangoko yayinjalo ekusungulweni. Ngokuhlala benolwazi, benenxaxheba kwiinkqubo zedemokhrasi, kwaye bebeka onke amasebe etyala, ummi ngamnye unegalelo ekulondolozeni ulungelelwano lomgaqo-siseko olukhusela inkululeko nokusesikweni kubo bonke abantu.