Izihombo ezihombisiweyo nezihombiso ezihonjisiweyo zendlu yasebukhosini ziphakathi kwezona zinto zihlonelwayo ehlabathini, ziquka iinkulungwane zolawulo lobukumkani, igunya, kunye nobuchule bobugcisa. Ngaphandle kwexabiso lazo elimangalisayo lemali, ezi ziqwenga zisebenza njengezinto ezibonakalayo ezinxulumene nexesha elidlulileyo, ezimela ulongamo, ubuzwe, nelungelo lobuthixo lookumkani. Ukusuka kwiidayimani ezibengezelelekileyo zeBritane iBritane iMagugu ukuya kwimbali yobukhosi beFransi neRashiya, umbandela ngamnye uthetha ibali loloyiso, isithethe, kunye nobungcweti obuqhubeka bubangel ’ umdla kubabhali-mbali, abahobe, nabavumisibo bonke abantu.

Imvelaphi Nemvelaphi Yezinto Ezinqabileyo Zobukumkani

Isithethe samandulo samatye anqabileyo abhalwe kwangaphambili kwimbali. Impucuko yamandulo enjengeYiputa, iMesopotamia, kunye neNtlambo iIndus yasebenzisa izinyithi ezixabisekileyo namatye anqabileyo ukubonisa isikhundla, igunya lonqulo, namandla emfazwe. OoFaro babenxiba izigqubuthelo zegolide nezithsaba, ngoxa ookumkani baseSumer babesebenzisa izikrele neintonga zobukhosi ezazibekwe ngelaphu. Le mifuziselo yamandulo yavelisa isikhokelo kwimicimbi yamva, apho amatye amatye ayengeyo nje amafutha anokuhombisa kodwa ayeyiyo amazwi okulawula.

Kumaxesha aphakathi eYurophu, kwavela ingcamango yezihombiso zobunqambi njengengqokelela yemibhiyozo yobukhosi belizwe. UBukhosi obungcwele baseRoma, ngokomzekelo, bahlanganisa i-Imperial Regalia, kuquka i-Imperial Cord, i-Holy Lance, kunye ne-Imperial Orb. Ezi zinto zasetyenziswa ekubopheleleni iintambo kwaye zazigqalwa njengezingcwele, zazisoloko zigcinwe kwizakhiwo zecawa. Ii-British King King Hall Hallers zazibonisa imvelaphi yazo kwinkulungwane ye-12, nangona uqokelelo lwakuqala lwatshatyalaliswa okanye lwathengiswa ngexesha lemfazwe ye-Rhulumente ne-Commonwe. Emva kokuba uKumkani uCharles II egunyazisa ububhishophu obutsha, obuninzi obusasetyenziswayo namhlanje.

Ukuvela Kwezinto Ezifuziselayo

Izinto ezazikhethwe kwizinto ezinqatyisiweyo zasebukhosini zazingazenzeki ngengozi. Igolide yayifuzisela ilanga, ubunaphakade, nokungagudi. Isilivere yayimela inyanga nokungacoceki. Amatye egolide ayeneentsingiselo ezikhethekileyo: iirubi zenkalipho nenkanuko, iisafire zobulumko nenkoliseko yobuthixo, ii-emeraldam zethemba nokuvuselelwa, kunye needayimani ngenxa yokungabi nabungozi namandla. Amatye amatye aqhotyoshelweyo kwilungiselelo elichanileyo lokuqinisa igunya lokumkani elingokobuthixo nelolawulo lobuzwi.

Ngexesha leRenaice, iinkundla zasebukhosini kulo lonke elaseYurophu zakhuphisana ukuze zifumane amatye anqabileyo amakhulu nanqabileyo. AmaPhuthukezi, amaSpeyin, yaye kamva ubukhosi baseBritane bazisa iidayimani kunye namanqatha anemibala emibala esuka kumathanga eIndiya, eAfrika, naseMzantsi Merika, okuya kukhula ngakumbi ubutyebi kunye nolwahluka-hlukeneyo lwemirhumbu enqabileyo. Idayimani edumileyo eKoh-i-Noor, ekuqaleni yaseIndiya, yadlula ngezandla eziliqela zobukumkani ngaphambi kokuba ibe yinxalenye yeBritane Yezinyoli kwinkulungwane ye-19.

Iintlobo Zezinto Ezinqabileyo Zasebukhosini Nentsingiselo Yazo Yomfuziselo

Izacholo zasebukhosini ziquka uludwe oluninzi lwezinto, nganye yenzelwe izithethe nemisebenzi ethile. Ukuqonda ezi mpawu kutyhila umfuziselo ogqunyiweyo ofakwe kwimonarchy.

Izithsaba Nezithsaba

Isithsaba singumqondiso opheleleyo wolongamo. Ukusuka kwisithsaba esinzima, esinxitywa ekuthwini okanye ekuhlatyweni izithsaba ezilula ezisetyenziswa kwisidlo sombuso, isakhiwo ngasinye sibonakalisa indima yokumkani. ISigqeba solawulo se-Imperial sikwi-UK, siqulethe amatye anqabileyo angaphezu kwama-3 000, kuquka i-Cullinan II dayimani kunye neStuart Sapshire. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iCorones izithries ezincinane ezinxitywa ngabathetheli nabathetheli, ezidla ngokuvela kwisikhundla esikwintloko yobukhosi.

Izikere Neengqayi

Intonga yobukhosi imela amandla okumkani okulawula nokuzisa okusesikweni. Ngokwesithethe saseBritani, iScreete kaMongami neSiphambano iphethe idayimani I, eyona dayimani inkulu eqingqiweyo ehlabathini. I-orb, ingqukuva ephahlwe ngumnqamlezo, ifanekisela ulawulo lokumkani phantsi kwegunya lamaKristu. Zombini ezi zinto zinikelwa ngexesha lowiso-mthetho wokubekwa kwesikhundla.

IiRings neebhulukhwe

Amakhonkco abizwa ngokuba “ziindandatho zohlanga,” zibekwa emnweni wokumkani ukubonisa umnqophiso wabo norhulumente. Ikumkanikazi uConsort’s Ring ngokufanayo ifuzisela indima yakhe. Izixhobo zobukumkani, njenge-Armillae kwisakhiwo sobukhosi saseBritane, zimela ukunyaniseka nobulumko, ezisuka kwizixhobo zomkhosi wamandulo.

IiTiaras kunye neeDiadems

IiTiara ziphakathi kwezinto ezibonakalayo zegolide namhlanje, ezinxitywa kwisidlo sangokuhlwa sikarhulumente, ii-galas, kunye nemitshato. Zavela kwimingxuma yamandulo yamaGrike kunye nentloko yentloko kunye nentambo yentsimbi yamaRoma. IDaimondma inguodem kaGeorge IV, inxitywa ngukumkanikazi Elizabeth II amaxesha amaninzi, iimpawu zolu lutsha, iintaka, kunye nee-shamrocks ukufuzisela uBukhosi boMbuso. I-Tiaras isoloko inezinto ezinokusetyenziswa, ezivumela ukuba zinxitywe njengemifuno okanye iibhulukhwe.

IiNecklacs, iibhurorho, Neehempe

Iminqwazi yentsimbi yasebukhosini, njengeQueen Mary’s Fringe Necklace, isoloko inzima ngamatye amakhulu anqabileyo kwaye idluliselwa kwizizukulwana. Ibhulorho zisebenza zombini njengomhlomelo kunye neempawu zokuchukumisa; ezininzi zinemifanekiso okanye iirocket zamalungu entsapho. Ii-earring, zidla ngokufana ne-tiaras okanye iminqwazi, ijongeke ngokupheleleyo. I-Cambridge Diana ka-Kangars, eyanxitywa nguPrinces Diana kwaye kamva nguKate Mobacton, ngumzekelo odumileyo we-tiara edityaniswe ngamavi.

Amanqatha Adumileyo Ehlabathi

Amazwe amaninzi agcina ingqokelela yeminqwazi edumileyo yehlabathi, nganye enembali eyahlukileyo nentsingiselo yenkcubeko. Ngezantsi yimizekelo ebalaseleyo.

Amanqatha OBukumkani Obumanyeneyo

Ibekwe kwiNdlu Yegolide eTower yaseLondon, iBritane Imayile zeMithili ebizwa ngokuba yeyona idumileyo ehlabathini. Le ngqokelela iquka i-Imperial State Cord, inxiba iSigqeba se-Palamente, kunye neStard’s Cord’s, isetyenziswa kuphela ngexesha lokuthweswa isithsaba. i-Orb, iScleederters, kunye ne-oyile yemibhiyolo zikwanokuboniswa. Iindwendwe zingabona iidayimani ezinkulu zeCullin, iKoh-Noorday (ingasese kwingxoxo eqhubekayo), kunye neBlack Princes Rurba (irnel). Imbuthombo ifanelekelwe ngaphezu konyubhiliyoliyo, nangona ixabiso lazo linembali likhulu.

Amanqatha Esithsaba SamaFrentshi

Izithsaba ze-frentshi zasasazwa kakhulu emva kokuwa kolawulo lobukumkani. Ezininzi zathengiswa kwimali kaNapoleon ngonyaka ka-1885, kodwa ezinye ii-iconics ziyasinda. ISithsaba sikaLouis XV, esenziwe ukuze abekwe kwi-Louvre, ngoku ikwi-Louvre. IRegent Daymond, itshetshe eliyi- 140-carat elifunyanisiweyo elifunyenweyo eIndiya, lafakwa kwisithsabalo kwaye kamva lasetyenziswa kwikrele likaNapoleon. [FLT:] I-ISlambronsons yaquka iSDiamond ne Hopediam (ngoku kwi-Smithsonian). Namhlanje, zimbalwa izinto ezisele kwimbutho zaseFrance, eziboniswe kwi-Lwords de Coaf. [F]

I - Imperial Regalia YaseRashiya

I-famalia yaseRashiya, esetyenziswa yi-Tsars, iquka i-Monomakh’s Cap/a-uboya obunemicu yegolide ekwinkulungwane ye-13 okanye ye-14(neBhona Enkulu ye-Imperial, yenzelwe uCatherine Omkhulu ngo1762. Le ndawo ineedayimani ezingama-4,936 kunye ne-pinel enkulu. I-OrlovDamond, kanye inxenye yentonga ye-Catherine Great, ngoku iseNkloko yeDiamond yeKremlin. Emva kweMvukelo yeRussia, iziqwenga ezininzi zathengiswa ngurhulumente weSoviet, kodwa iNgxowawa yeDamond ihlala ingubo enkulu exabisekileyo. [[FLT] [FLDamond: 0]

Ezinye Izinto Ezinokuphawulwa

Isithsaba Sobukhosi SaseIran

Izithsaba zentsimbi zase Iran, ezigcinwe kwiCentral Bank yaseIran eTehran, ziquka iDeya-i-Noor dayimani (enye yedayimani ezinkulu zepinki) kunye neKini Ithrime yohlanga lwamaQajar. Ezi ziqwenga zasetyenziswa kangangeenkulungwane kwaye ngoku zibubutyebi besizwe. iBhanki yaseIran inikeza ulwazi ngeMoneral of National Yeyers.

Amanqatha Esithsaba SaseSweden

Izixhobo zobukhosi zaseSweden ziquka iSithsaba sikaEric XIV, esenziwe ngowe - 1561, nezithsaba eziliqela zikarhulumente ezasetyenziswa ekubotshweni kwezithsaba de kwangowe - 1907.

Amanqatha Esithsaba SaseSpeyin

Amatye anqabileyo aseSpeyin awabalwanga kakhulu ngenxa yeemfazwe eziqhelekileyo. Isithsaba esisetyenziswa ekuthwesweni kwenqanawa nguAlfonso XII (ngoku esigcinwe kwiRoyal Palace of Madrid) sifana nesithsaba sangaphambili esatshatyalaliswa emlilweni. IJoyas de la Corona (IiVimba Elikhulu) liquka iTiara kaKumkanikazi eyenziwe ngegolide nedayimani yaseSpeyin.

Ukulondolozwa, Ukuboniswa Nokusetyenziswa Kwale Mihla Kwezi Sithsaba

Namhlanje, izithsaba ezininzi zigcinwe kwiimyuziyam ezikhuselekileyo okanye kwimingxuma egudiweyo, ezigcinwe ngocoselelo ngamaqela ee-operator. Ibritane Imayile zigadwa rhoqo kwiTower of London, apho izigidi zeendwendwe zizibona nyaka ngamnye. Indlu yeJewelsing House ilawula ukufuma, iqondo lobushushu, kunye nokukhanyisa ukukhusela amatye anqabileyo kunye nezinyithi. Ukucoca kunye nokuhlola rhoqo kwenziwa yiBhobe eliyibhelereler, indawo ebekwe nguMark Appleyard.

Nangona zikho iimyuziyam, izinto ezininzi zisasetyenziswa ngokwesithethe. ISigqeba soMkhosi we-Imperial saseBritani sinxitywa minyaka le ekuvulweni kwePalamente. IiTiara kunye neebhulukhwe zibolekwa kumalungu entsapho yasebukhosini ukwenzela isidlo nemitshato karhulumente. Le ndima idibeneyo.

Imicimbi engqubanayo neengxoxo zezopolitiko

Ukuvunywa kwezihombiso ezininzi zomphezulu kuvuselele iingxoxo ngokuphangwa kwemfazwe, ukufuduswa kwelizwe, kunye nelifa lenkcubeko. Ngokomzekelo, idayimani iKoh-i-Noor, iye yathatyathwa yi-Indiya, iPakistan, i-Afghanistan, neIran, nangona ihlala kwiBritane durulers. Ngokufanayo, iidayimane zaseIndiya naseAfrika zazisoloko zithathwa njengamaxhoba emfazwe okanye uhlazo. Ezinye iimfamamfama ziye zaqalisa ukuphendula le miba ngophakamo ngophando oluqinisekisiweyo, kwaye kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ingxubuliso yemithetho iyaqhubeka isenza ulwano lwento enzima yokuxabisa ezi zinto.

Ubuchule Obusemva Kwezinto Zobugcisa

Ukudalwa kwezinto ezinqabileyo zobukumkani ngokwembali bekubandakanya ezona zikhandi zegolide zintle, izinyithi zobunqambi, kunye nezinamellars. Ngexesha leNguquko, uBenvenuto Cellini wasebenzela oopopu nookumkani. Kwinkulungwane ye19, indlu kaGarrard (ngoku uGarrard & Co.) yasebenza njengeBhorn Merlerler kwingine yobukumkani bamash. Imiyalelo yale mihla, njengegunya likakumkanikazi, ifuna imigangatho ephakamileyo. Itechniques njengepavé, i-filgree, kunye nokukroba ngesandla iyaqhubeka isetyenziswa, idityaniswe nezixhobo ezichanekileyo zale mihla.

Isiqwenga ngasinye sezinto zokuhombisa sidla ngokwakhiwa sineziqalelo ezinokudityaniswa ukuvumela ubhedu. Ulawulo lwephondo lwephondo, umzekelo, luneengqameko ezahlukeneyo ezinokususwa ukuze lusetyenziswe lula. Inkqubo yoyilo ibandakanya injineli entsonkothileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba izithsaba zilungelelanisiwe kwaye zinokusetyenziswa kangangeeyure eziliqela.

Ukuqokelela nokugcina iNgxowa-mali kwiRoyal - Inkcitho

Ngoxa izithsaba zomphezulu zixabisekile kwaye zingatshintshi, intengiso yezacholo eziphefumlelweyo ze-domnshown---reprojects, iziqwenga zelizwe ezivela kwiintsapho zasebukhosini, kunye nee-tiaras zembali ziyaqhubeka zisebenza. Izindlu zokudityaniswa ziqhubeka ziphumelela njenge-Christie ne Sotheby's ezithengwa rhoqo ngesiqinisekiso samandla obukumkani, ezisoloko zigunyazisa izigidi zabantu. Umzekelo, ukuqokelelwa kwempahla ye-windsor enqabileyo emalunga nezigidi ezingama-50,000 (50 ezigidi). Abaqokeleli befunda imbali yeceba ngalinye, umnini wayo wokuqala, kunye nokubonakala kwayo kwimifanekiso nemifanekiso. Noko ke, abathengi kufuneka babonise ukwenziwa komsebenzi nokukhuthulwa kolawulo, umqondiso; uqinisekiso olufana noosomaqhuzunge-Royal Sty Treastrity.

Kwabo banomdla wokufunda okungakumbi ngembali yamatye anqabileyo asebukhosini, inikezela ngengxelo epheleleyo yento nganye eqokelelwe eBritane, kuquka imifanekiso ephezulu nembali eziqinisekisiweyo. Victoria kunye noAlbert Museum igcina ingqokelela ebalulekileyo yempahla eqingqiweyo equka iinkulungwane eziliqela.

Intsingiselo Yezithethe Nezobupolitika Yezithsaba Namhlanje

Kwinkulungwane yama-21, izihombiso ze-athom ziseneempawu ezinamandla. Ziphakamisa iimpawu zesizwe, zitsala ukhenketho, kwaye zisebenza njengezikhumbuzo zembali yesizwe esinegama elinozuko nelentlungu. Kusekho ezo kumkani zikhoyo endaweni yazo, njenge-United Kingdom, Sweden, neJapan, i-ulawulo ludibanisa umlawuli wangoku nonobumba okwiminombo emva kweenkulungwane. Kuzo ezo zangaphambili iikumkani ezifana neFransi neRashiya, iindidi eziseleyo zibangela iflaream nengthelekelelo yegunya.

Umdla woluntu ngezihombo zobukumkani awubonisi mqondiso wokuphela. Iingxelo zexwebhu, iincwadi, kunye neengxelo zezentlalo ezinikelwe kumxholo zinabalandeli abazizigidi. Imiboniso ebonisa iimpahla zobukumkani, ezifana “nobungangamsha beBhunum-tshe-mboleko” ezibonisa kwiimyuziyam eziliqela, zitsala izihlwele ezinkulu. Oku kuhlala kubonakalisa unxibelelwano olunzulu lomntu kwizinto ezimele igunya, ubuhle, nembali kwipakethi enye eqaqambileyo.

Ukuqonda imbali nentsingiselo yamatye anqabileyo entsapho yasebukhosini nezithsaba ezihonjisiweyo kusenza sixabise izithethe zezinto eziphathekayo namaziko abumba ihlabathi lanamhlanje.