Isiseko somthetho-siseko somthetho

Isenzo sobuProfethi sisebenza kwisiseko somthetho esingafaniyo ngegunya, kodwa imigaqo emininzi esisiseko iyamkelwa kwiintlanganiselo zedemokhrasi. Ilungelo lokuthetha ngokukhululekileyo, ilungelo lokuhlanganisana ngoxolo, nelungelo lokucela urhulumente ukuba alungise izikhalazo lingunobangela wokungagunyazi okusemthethweni. Ukuqonda ezi migaqo-siseko ibalulekile kuye nabani na ofuna ukusebenza ngokunempumelelo ngaphandle kokuqhuba umthetho.

EUnited States, uHlaziyo Lokuqala lukhusela intetho, indibano kunye nesibongozo. Ukhuseleko olufanayo lukho phantsi kweNgqungquthela yaseYurophu yaMalungelo Abantu, ingakumbi iGatya 10 (inkululeko yokubonakalisa) kunye neGatya 11 (inkululeko yokuhlanganisa kunye nokudibanisa). Amanye amazwe amaninzi angenawo amalungelo alinganayo kwimithetho-siseko okanye kwimithetho esemthethweni. Noko ke, la malungelo awaphelelanga ngokupheleleyo. Oorhulumente bangayimisela imiqathango esengqiqweni ngexesha, indawo, kunye nendlela yokubonakalisa, ukuba loo miqathango iqulathelwe yi-neutral, ilungelelenethi, kwaye bashiye eminye imijelo yonxibelelwano evulekileyo.

Abenzi bomthetho-siseko abaqonda ezi zithintelo zomGaqo-siseko banganyanzela utshintsho ngeli lixa benciphisa umngcipheko womthetho. Ukungazi umthetho kunqabile, ngoko imfundo esemthethweni eqhubekekayo iluncedo olulungelelanisiweyo. Iintlangano ezinjenge [[FLT: 0]ACLU's Know Agrees Your Rights [[[FLT: 1]] zinika isikhokelo sesiseko solwazi olumele luhlolwe phambi kokuba umbangiselwano luthathe inyathelo.

Izixhobo zomthetho ezikhoyo kumthetho

Abaququzeleli banesixhobo ezahlukahlukeneyo abanokuzisebenzisa. Isixhobo ngasinye sithwala ingqwalasela ezikhethekileyo zomthetho, kwaye amaphulo asebenzayo adibanisa iindlela ezininzi zokungena ngobuchule.

Izenzo Zokuqhayisa Nokwenza Izinto Ngoxolo

Imibhiyozo kawonke-wonke yeyona ndlela ibonakalayo yokwenza izinto. Xa iqhutywa ngoxolo, ikhuselwa intetho kunye nendibano. Abaququzeleli kufuneka baqaphele iimfuno zokuvumela iimbutho ezinkulu, ukuvalwa kwesandi, nokuvalwa kwezitrato. Izixeko ezininzi zifuna imvume yokuvala izithuthi okanye yokusebenzisa isandi esiphezulu. Ukungaphumeleli ukufumana imvume efunekayo kungaphumela ekuhlawuleni okanye ekuvalweni, nangona ukungabikho kwemvume iyodwa kungazenzeki ngokuzenzekelayo kubangele ukuba ukuvukeleli ukuba kuhlale kuseluxolweni okanye kungenaluxolelo.

Iinkundla ziye zasoloko zikholelwa ukuba ukubhenela kwimibhiyozo ezenzekelayo ekuphuleni iindaba akuyi kufuna imvume ephambili, njengokuba imfuneko ingaba ingumthwalo osisigxina wokuthetha. Umahluko ongundoqo kukuba ngaba ukuqhankqalaza kuzenzeka okanye kucetywe kusengaphambili. Imibhiyozo engalindelekanga kufuneka ihlale ikho ngoxolo kwaye iphephe ukuvala iinqwelo-nqwelo-moya zongxamiseko okanye ibangele iingozi zokhuseleko lukawonke-wonke.

Amagosa Karhulumente Acela

Ilungelo lokucela lilokwakudala, likwayinkqubo yedemokhrasi yale mihla. Izibongozo zingabhekiswa kumabhunga asekuhlaleni, kwizindlu zowiso-mthetho, kumaqumrhu orhulumente, okanye kwanakuwo onke amaqumrhu ezizwe ngezizwe. Nangona ukucela kusoloko kusemthethweni, abaxhasi kufuneka bakuphephe ukudlulisela inkcazelo yobuxoki okanye ukusebenzisa utyikityo oluyinkohliso. Amanye amagunya afuna izicelo ukuze kuhlangatyelwe ulungelelwaniso okanye utyikityo ukuze kuqwalaselwe ulawulo olusemthethweni. Ukuqonda ezi mfuneko zobugcisa kungenza umahluko phakathi kwesicelo esityeshelwayo nomntu onyanzelela ukuva.

Ukuqhatha Nokukhohlisa

Ukurhwebelana kuluhlobo lobugqeba obuthe ngqo obujoliswe ekuphembeleleni umthetho okanye umthetho. Ii- Grassroot zibandakanya ukukhuthaza amalungu kawonke-wonke ukuba aqhagamshelane nabameli bawo, ngoxa ukunyanzelisa ngqo kubandakanya ukudibana namagosa okanye abasebenzi bawo. Kumazwe amaninzi, ukukhuthaza kukhuselwa intetho ekhuselekileyo, kodwa abaxhasi kufuneka baqaphele ukubhaliswa nokusetyenziswa kweemfuno ezisetyenziswa xa abasebenzi behlawulwa bechitha ixesha elibalulekileyo ekufuneni intsebenzi okanye xa kuhlawulwa iindleko ezithile.

Abaxhasi bamatsha - ntliziyo abasoloko bebhenela kwimfuno yokubhalisa, kodwa imibutho ehlawulwayo kufuneka ijonge kwicebiso elingokwasemthethweni ukuba ukungenelela kungumsebenzi ongundoqo. [[FLT: 0] I-League of Women Vodders Advocacy Irkit[[[FLT: 1] inikela ukhokelo olusebenzayo ekuqhubeni le mithetho.

Ukungavisisani Nocelomngeni Olungokwasemthethweni

Ukumangalelwa okucwangcisiweyo kusenokuba sisixhobo esinamandla kubaxhasi. Ukumangalelwa ngokusemthethweni ukucel ’ umngeni imithetho engekho mgaqweni, ukukhusela amalungelo abaqhankqalazi, okanye ukunyanzela ukuthatha inyathelo likarhulumente ngoncedo loluntu kungadala utshintsho oluhlala luhleli. Ukumangalelwa kodidi, izenzo zamalungelo abantu phantsi kweCandelo 1983, kunye namalungiselelo afanelekileyo abami bendalo yiyo yonke imizekelo yezixhobo zokuxhasa indalo ezikhoyo kubaxhasi.

Ucalulo lufuna umelo olusemthethweni kwaye lungabiza imali eninzi. Noko ke, iindawo ezininzi zinemirhumo ehlaziywayo efuna urhulumente ukuba ahlawule iindleko zamagqwetha xa abalandeli bemfazwe bephumelela kwiimeko zamalungelo abantu. Imibutho enjenge [[FLT: 0]NAACP Ukhuselo lwasemthethweni neNgxowa-mali yemfundo yemfundo iye yasebenzisa ipetroligie ukuphelisa ucalucalucalulo lwenkqubo kamashumi eminyaka.

Ukungakhathalelwa Nengcinezelo Yezoqoqosho

Amabhunga akhuselweyo luhlobo lwentetho ekhuselweyo phantsi koMphetho-mvaba Wokuqala, ukuba nje awangenisi nxaxheba okanye acuthe amaqela angoondilele. Abathengi banelungelo lokungavumi ukuthenga izinto okanye iinkonzo ezisekelwe kwimigaqo okanye kwizenzo zenkampani. Ngokufanayo, abaxhasi basenokulungiselela amaphulo okukhuthaza ukurhweba kwiinkampani ezichasa izenzo zazo.

Iinkundla ziye zahlula phakathi kwabasebenzi abaphambili (abasemgangathweni kwinkampani) kunye nabacoci abalandelayo (abacinezeli beqela lesithathu ukuyeka ukwenza ishishini ngabo bajoliswe kuko). Abakhandli besibini bangajongana nemiqathango esemthethweni phantsi komthetho wemisebenzi kwezinye iindawo. Abenzi bezomthetho abalungiselela amaphulo oxinzelelo lwezoqoqosho kufuneka bajonge isiluleko esisemthethweni ukuqinisekisa ukuba iindlela zabo azingqubani namalungu omthetho alwayo, umsebenzi, okanye itort.

Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwamanani nokukhuthaza

I-intanethi iye yandisa izixhobo zobugcisa, amaphulo oonontlalo-ntle, izibongozo ze-intanethi, iidrafti ze-imeyile kunye nokudalwa kolwakhiwo ziluhlobo lwentetho ekhuselekileyo. Kodwa ke, i-applicit yamanani iphakamisa imiba ekhethekileyo engokwasemthethweni. I-Doxing (ukuvakalisa inkcazelo yangasese ngenjongo embi), ukuhlaselwa ngekhompyutha, kunye namaphulo alungelelanisiweyo okungavumelani nomthetho. Ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kokuthethwa kwi-intanethi kunye nehambo engekho mthethweni kuyinto enzima.

Icandelo 230 loMthetho woNxibelelwano oDala kwi-US linika ukhuseleko oluphangaleleyo kwiqonga ukwenzela okuqulethwe ngumsebenzisi, kodwa abaxhasi basenotyala ngokobuqu kwizithuba zabo. Ulawulo, ukuchaswa komgunyathi, nokuphembelela ugonyamelo akukhuselwa, nokuba kukusebenza kwi-intanethi okanye ngaphandle komsebenzi. I-Exlectronic Foundation's Yazi amalungelo Enu oovimba bemali abanikela ukhokelo olulungileyo kumaziko akhuthaza amanani.

Oko Abantu Abazenzayo Banokukwenza Ngokusemthethweni

Umlinganiselo wokwenza imisebenzi esemthethweni uphangalele, kodwa imisebenzi ethile isoloko ikhuselwa ngaphaya kwemimandla. Ukuqonda la mazibuko akhuselekileyo kwenza abo balwayo basebenze ngentembelo.

Izinto zolwazi ezisasazwayo

Ukunikezela ngamaphecana, amaphecana, okanye ezinye izinto ezibhaliweyo kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke kusoloko kukhuselekile. Imithetho ingasasaza izinto kwindlela, kwiipaki, nakwiziganeko zikawonke wonke ngaphandle kwemvume elawula imimandla emininzi. Imiqathango ilinganiselwe ekuthinteleni ukungcoliswa okanye ukuvalwa kweenqwelo-moya. Abasebenzi kufuneka bacoce emva kokusasazwa koncedo lukawonke wonke baze baphephe ukwaphulwa kwemithetho.

Ukunxiba Impahla Yomfuziselo Okanye Ukubonisa

Ii-T-shirt, amaqhosha, ii-andom, kunye nezinye iziboniso zomfuziselo ziluhlobo lwehambo ecacileyo ekhuselwe yiSihlaziyo sokuqala. INkundla ePhakamileyo ibisoloko ibambelele kwelokuba ukunxiba ngesigidimi sezobupolitika kukuthetha. Ngokufanayo, ukubonisa imiqondiso okanye iiflegi kwimpahla yomntu kudla ngokukhuselwa, phantsi kwemithetho yomqondiso yasekuhlaleni equlathwe yi-nethintial nesengqiqweni.

Ukushicilela Iindlela Zokunceda Uwonke - wonke

Abaqulunqi banelungelo lokurekhoda amagosa amapolisa namanye amagosa karhulumente awenza imisebenzi yawo kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke. Eli lungelo liye lavunywa ziinkundla ezininzi ze-appelte njengelungu eliqulunqe iSihlaziyo Sokuqala. Ukushicilela kusebenza njengovavanyo lokusetyenziswa kakubi kwegunya nokunika ubungqina kwiingxoxo ezisemthethweni. Noko ke, abaxhasi kufuneka baqaphele ukuba amanye amaphondo anemithetho efuna ukusetyenziswa kwesandi, nangona oku kudla ngokungasebenzi kwintsebenzi kwintsebenziswano kawonke wonke apho kungekho lulangazelelo olufanelekileyo lwemicimbi yobuqu.

Ukuba Nenxaxheba Kwincwadi Yokubala Ilizwe

Nabani na unokuba ngumcholacholi-ndaba ngexesha leminyaka le-apply. Iingcali ezibhala iziganeko, iingxoxo namangqina, kunye neengxelo ezipapashiweyo zibandakanyeka kumsebenzi okhuselweyo wamaphephandaba. Nangona kungekho "kusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokukhusela ikhompyutha, abaxhasi bentatheli abanokuba nelungelo lokukhusela phantsi kwemithetho yezokhuselo karhulumente evumela abacholacholi ukuba bakhusele imithombo eyimfihlo. Le mithetho iyahluka ngokubanzi, ngoko ke uphando lwasekuhlaleni lubalulekile.

Imida Esemthethweni Nehambo Enconyelweyo

Ukuqonda indawo ekuthethwa kuyo kubalulekile ngokufanayo. Imisebenzi ethile isoloko ingekho mthethweni yaye isenokuphumela ekumangalelweni, ekubekeni ityala lolwaphulo - mthetho, okanye kuzo zombini.

Ugonyamelo Nomonakalo Wezinto

Ugonyamelo aluze lukhuselwe. Ukuhlaselwa, ibhetri, isiphithiphithi, kunye nolwaphulo-mthetho olunokukhokelela ekubanjisweni, ekutshutshisweni nasekuvalweni. Kwanokuba ugonyamelo luqhambuka ngokuzenzekelayo ngexesha loqhankqalazo olunoxolo, abathathi-nxaxheba ababandakanyeke kwizenzo zogonyamelo baphulukana nokhuseleko lwabo olusemthethweni kwaye banokujamelana nezityholo ezinzulu. Abaququzeleli bafanele baqeqeshe ukuthotyelwa ukuphelisa iimeko ezinzima baze bade bade badele umbhiyozo kubo nabani na obabandakanye nabo bangabandakanyekileyo.

Umonakalo wempahla, kuquka ukuqhekeza iifestile, izakhiwo zokutshiza, okanye ukutshabalalisa ipropati kawonke-wonke, ikwangekho mthethweni. Ngoxa abanye abaxhasi bemiqathango bephikisa ukuba umonakalo wempahla luhlobo oluthile lwentetho efuziselayo, iinkundla ziye zaluchasa olu khuselo. Inkqubo esemthethweni iphatha ukutshatyalaliswa kwempahla njengezenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho njengokonakalisa okanye ubuqhetseba kungakhathaliseki ukuba ziphenjelelwa kwezobupolitika.

Ukugqitha nokungagunyaziswanga okungekho mthethweni

Ukudlula kwimpahla yabucala okanye ukuhlala kwizakhiwo zikarhulumente emva kweeyure ngaphandle kwemvume kuyinto engekho mthethweni. Ilungelo lokuqhankqalaza aliquki lungelo lokungena emakhayeni abantu, kumashishini, okanye kwizithuba zikarhulumente ezithintelweyo ngokuchasene neminqweno yomnini. Amanye amaziko anemithetho ekhethekileyo echasene nokumisa iintente kwiipaki zikawonke-wonke okanye ezihlala kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke. Abaquququzeleli abacwangcisayo ukuba bahlale okanye basebenze okanye basebenze kufuneka balungiselele ukubanjwa kwaye bafumane inkxaso esemthethweni.

Umahluko phakathi kwezinto zikawonke-wonke nezizezabo ubalulekile. Iindlela ezisecaleni neepaki zisisiko loluntu. Umbindi wesakhiwo sikarhulumente usenokuba yindawo kawonke-wonke elinganiselweyo apho intetho ithintelwe kakhulu khona. Abanini-mpahla abazimeleyo banokungamfaki mda umntu nangasiphi na isizathu engavumelekanga yimithetho echasene nolwaphulo-mthetho.

Ukuchasa kunye neentetho zobuxoki

Ukwenza iingxelo zenyaniso ezibubuxoki ngomntu okanye umbutho kusenokukhokelela ekutyholweni. Amatyala kawonke-wonke kufuneka angqine intsingiselo yobubi obuthetha oko kwenziwa ngolwazi lwenkohliso okanye ukungayikhathaleli inyaniso ukuze iphumelele kwintengiso exoliweyo. Abantu ngabanye kufuneka bangqine ukungakhathali kuphela. Abenzi-mthetho kufuneka baqinisekise izibakala ngaphambi kokupapasha izityholo, ingakumbi ezo zinokonakalisa idumela okanye indlela yokuziphilisa.

Iingxelo zobuxoki ezenziwe kumagosa karhulumente zisenokukhokelela ekumangaleleni kobuxoki okanye ekuthinteleni okusesikweni. Ukuxoka kumthetho, ukukhupha ubungqina bobuqhetseba, okanye ukuyila amayelenqe okunganyaniseki kotshaba, zonke zibubungozi obusemthethweni.

Ukucaphula Isenzo Esingenamthetho

Uvavanyo lweBrandenburg yeNkundla ePhakamileyo lwaqinisekisa ukuba intetho ekhuthaza umsebenzi ongekho mthethweni iyakhuselwa ngaphandle kokuba ijoliswe ekukhuthazeni okanye ekuphumeleni inyathelo elisondeleyo lolwaphulo-mthetho kwaye isenokuvelisa isenzo esinjalo. Kukukhuselwa nje iingcamango ezingekho ngqiqweni, kwanezo zidityanisiweyo, zikhuselekile. Kodwa ukuxelela isihlwele ukuba sihlasele isakhiwo okanye senzekalise umntu othile, apho isihlwele sisenokulandela khona ngoko nangoko, sinqamle umgca singene kwintshupheko engakhuselekanga.

Iingcali kufuneka zilulumkele ulwimi lwazo ngamaxesha ashushu. Intetho ye-hyperbolic efana "ifuna ukulwa" isoloko ikhuselekile ukuba isisidelelo esicacileyo, kodwa ubizo olungqalileyo lwesenzo esingekho mthethweni esikhawulezileyo lungaphumela kwityala lolwaphulo-mthetho.

Isalathisi esiphindiweyo seNkundla eQhuba okanye iMisebenzi kaRhulumente

Ukungenelela kwinkundla, iintlanganiso zowiso-mthetho, okanye eminye imisebenzi karhulumente esemthethweni kungaphumela ekudeleni inkundla, ihambo engalungelelananga, okanye izityholo ezithintelayo. Ngoxa abaxhasi bezomthetho benelungelo lokuqwalasela imicimbi kawonke-wonke, ukuyiphazamisa ngokungxola, ukungavumi ukuhamba, okanye enye ihambo ephazamisayo ayikhuselwanga. Kukho iindlela ezisemthethweni zokuvavanya izenzo zikarhulumente, kodwa ukuphazamisa imicimbi akuyonye yazo.

Ukunduluka kwemvume nemithetho yasekuhlaleni

Imithetho yasekuhlaleni isenokuhluka-hluka kakhulu, yaye oko kusemthethweni kwesinye isixeko kusenokuthintelwa kwesinye. Abaququzeleli bemithetho bafanele baphande ngemithetho engqalileyo emiselwe bona ngaphambi kokuba balungiselele iziganeko.

Iimfuno Zokuvumela Iindibano

Izixeko ezininzi zifuna imvume yokuhamba, ukuhambahamba, nokuhlanganisana. Amaqhinga emvume kufuneka anganeliswe ngokungathathi cala kwaye angenakusetyenziswa ukucalula iimbono ezithile. Ixesha elifanelekileyo, indawo, kunye nendlela emiqathango evumelekile ngayo, kodwa amagosa akanakukhanyela imvume ngenxa yokuba engavumelani nomyalezo. Abaququzeleli abavumi bakwamkeli bemvume yokuzikhulula komthetho. Basenokungavumela ukuba kuhlaziswe intengo esemthethweni yokuHla iMyelelo wokuqala.

Izicelo zemvume zidla ngokufuna iinkcukacha ngendlela, inani elilindelekileyo labathathi-nxaxheba, isandi sokunika isandi kunye nexesha. Ukusebenzisa kwangethuba kunye nokusebenzisana namagosa kunganciphisa ukukhuhleka. Ezinye izixeko zinenkqubo ezicwangcisisiweyo zokusabela ngokuzenzekela kwiziganeko zangoku.

Ulwandiso Nolwandiso

Imimiselo yengxolo ithintela umthamo kunye nexesha lesandi esinyusiweyo. Izazi-mthetho ezisebenzisa izikhulisa-sandi, iintsimbi, okanye umculo onyusiweyo kufuneka zihlole imithetho yengxolo yasekuhlaleni. Iiyure zokuzola ziqheleke phakathi kwe 10 PM ne 7 AM. Kwanaxa kuvunyelwa, ingxolo ephazamisa izibhedlele, izikolo, okanye iindawo zokuhlala isenokuthintelwa. Imiqondiso yokusebenza ngesandla kunye nengoma azifuni mvume, kodwa isandi esinyusiweyo sidla ngokuba yiloo nto.

Uhambo Olusecaleni Nendlela Esetyenziswayo

Iindlela ezisecaleni zeendawo zikawonke-wonke apho amagqabi ekhutshwa, ingqokelela, kunye neembutho ezincinane zisoloko zivumelekile ngaphandle kwemvume. Izitrato zikwafuna imvume yokuvala okanye ukuhambisa. Abaqhubi kufuneka baphephe ukuvala amasango okwakha, izithuthi, okanye iindawo zokufikelela kuzo ngexesha likaxakeka. Ukuhamba ngenqwelo-moya kungakhokelela kwintlawulo engalunganga, ngoko ke ukushiya indlela ecacileyo yabadlulayo kubonakalisa intlonelo kwaye kulumkile ngokusemthethweni.

Indima Yokuxhasa Okusemthethweni Yaye Wazi Amalungelo Akho

Nokuba akukho mntu umele achaze iprobono, ukuba negqwetha eliwuqondayo umthetho wokuqhankqalaza kunokuthintela iingxaki ezingokwasemthethweni nokunciphisa imiphumo xa kubanjwa.

Ababoniseli Abasemthethweni Noxwebhu

Abaqwalaseli bezomthetho baqeqeshelwe ukuqeqesha amatsha - ntliziyo akwimibhiyozo yokuhlola ihambo yamapolisa nokubhala nayiphi na imiba engokwasemthethweni. Ubukho bawo bungathintela ukuziphatha okungamkelekiyo kwaye bunganikela ubungqina obubalulekileyo ukuba amalungelo aphulwe. Imibutho emininzi yenkululeko yasekuhlaleni inikela uqeqesho olusemthethweni. Abathathi-nxaxheba kufuneka bameme ababukeli abangokwasemthethweni kwiziganeko eziphambili baze baqeqeshe abathathi-nxaxheba ngendlela yokubhala inkxalabo nabo banyanzelisa umthetho.

Wazi Amalungelo Akho

Wonke umntu olwela ukulwela ukungenelela kufuneka azi into afanele ayenze xa emiswa ngamapolisa. Imigaqo esisiseko yile: hlala uzolile, ungaxhathisi, mxelele ukuba unelungelo lakho lokuhamba, buza ukuba ukhululekile ukuba ukhululekile ukuba ungayi, uze uhlale uthe cwaka ukuba ubanjiwe de ube negqwetha. Ukunxibelelana namapolisa kungakukhusela ekutyholweni ngobuxoki, kodwa abaxhasi kufuneka bakwenze oko ngaphandle kokuphazamisana namapolisa.

Yazi Amakhadi Amalungelo Akho Achaza Ngoshwankathelo la macebiso anokushicilelwa aze asasazwe kwimibhiyozo.

INgxowa-mali yeBhayile kunye neeNethwekhi zokuXhotyiswa

Ezinye iinkonzo zilungiselela imali yokuxhasa abaqhankqalazi ababanjwayo. Le mali kufuneka ilungiswe ngocoselelo ukuze kuphetshwe iingxaki ezingokwasemthethweni. Iminikelo yokuhlawula ibheyile ingaba luncedo ukuba ingxowa-mali ilungiselelwe njengengeniso. Iinkonzo zenkxaso esemthethweni zinokubanceda abaxhasi ababanjwayo bafumane imvume ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba nezi nkqubo zibekwe kwindawo yangaphambili ngaphambi kokuba kuvele ukuqhankqalaza kunganciphisa uxinezeleko nomonakalo wokubanjwa.

Imbono Yamazwe Ngamazwe Ngamalungelo Omthetho

Nangona eli nqaku ligxininisa kumthetho waseUnited States, abaxhasi bamanye amazwe bafanele baqonde imigaqo yabo yomthetho yasekuhlaleni. UMthetho Wehlabathi Lonke Wamalungelo Abantu noMvumelwano Wezizwe Ngezizwe Owamalungelo Oluntu Nawopolitiko uyawavuma amalungelo okuhlanganisana, okuthetha nokudibanisa le migaqo.

KuMthetho we-United Kingdom, i-Public Order Act ne-Police, Crime, iSentensication and Courts Act imisela imiqathango kwimiqathango enokubangela ingxolo okanye ukuphazamiseka. IJamani inemithetho engqongqo echasene nokubonakalisa imifuziselo yeentlangano ezingavumelaniyo. I-Indiya ifuna imvume yangaphambili yeendibano ezinkulu. Amanye amazwe aseMbindini nase-Asia ayakulwa naluphi na uhlobo loqhankqalazo lwezopolitiko. Abenzi-mthetho kufuneka basoloko besenza uphando phambi kokuba bamisele imithetho yasekuhlaleni.

Imibutho yamalungelo abantu yamazwe ngamazwe enjengeAmnesty International and Human Rights Watch ibhala phantsi indlela urhulumente anokusabela ngayo kwizenzo zobufazi ehlabathini lonke yaye inokubanceda abo balwela amalungelo abantu abajamelene nengcinezelo.

Isishwankathelo Semiqathango Esemthethweni Yabo Baqulunqa Umthetho

  • Imibhiyozo yoxolo kunye nemiboniso ikhuselwe kumalungelo omgaqo-siseko, kodwa imvume ingafuneka kwiintlanganiso ezinkulu, kwisandi esinyusiweyo, okanye ekuvalweni kwesitrato.
  • Ugonyamelo kunye nokonakalisa izinto azikhuselekanga kwaye zingakhokelela kwityala elinzulu lolwaphulo-mthetho eliquka ukuhlasela, ukuqhushumbisa, nomonakalo wempahla.
  • [[Umthetho:0] Ukwamkela kunye nokubhenela kusemthethweni, kodwa abaxhasi kufuneka baphephe iintetho zobuxoki, ubuxoki, kunye nokubhenca okungachazwanga okubangela iimfuno zobhaliso.
  • Ukudlula kwimpahla yabucala nokuhlala okungekho mthethweni kwezakhiwo zikarhulumente kusoloko kungekho mthethweni, kwanakwiinjongo zezobupolitika.
  • [[Ulwaphulo-mthetho:0] kunye neengxelo zobuxoki zingakhokelela ekumangalelweni kwamakhaya kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, izityholo zolwaphulo-mthetho zokwenza iingxelo zobuxoki.
  • Isithatha-phambili sobuGigali sikhuselwe yintetho, kodwa ukuthuka, ukungcungcuthekisa, kunye nokuvuselela akukhuselwanga kwaye kungaphumela kwityala lolwaphulo-mthetho.
  • Ukuqulunqa amapolisa kuluntu lonke kunelungelo elikhuselweyo, nangona imithetho yokurhuqa icingo karhulumente isenokumisela imiqathango kushicilelo lwesandi ngaphandle kwemvume.
  • [[UMTL:0] Ngokucaphula isenzo esisondeleyo sokungathobeli umthetho asikhuselwa xa intetho ijoliswe kwaye mhlawumbi ivelisa ihambo engekho mthethweni.
  • [[[UMTL:0] Ulungiselelo lwasemthethweni luquka uqeqesho lwamalungelo akho, abaqwalaseli abasemthethweni, kunye nemali yebheyile zingakhusela abaxhasi kwaye zinciphise umonakalo ekubambeni okungekho mthethweni.
  • Imithetho yengingqi yomahluko omkhulu ngoko ke uphando luvumela iimfuno, amasiko engxolo, kunye neziqu zoluntu kulawulo lwakho olukhethekileyo lubalulekile phambi kokuba uthathe inyathelo.

Iingcali eziyiqondayo kwaye eziyihlonelayo imida esemthethweni zingaxhasa ukutshintsha ngokunempumelelo nokuzinzisa. Umthetho unika ithuba elibalulekileyo lokusebenzisa ubuchule bokuqhayisa, ukuqhankqalaza, kunye nentetho enamandla. Ukusebenza kwemida akulwenzi lungasebenzi ubuchule akulomeleza ngokuqinisekisa ukuba ugxininiso luhlala luhleli kunombangela kunokukhusela okusemthethweni. Lo mbutho umele uthathe ixesha lokuqonda amalungelo abo, ukuhlonela amalungelo abanye, nokwakha ulwalamano noochwepheshe bomthetho abanokuxhasa umsebenzi wabo. Inkoliso lemibutho yoluntu idibaniselwano idibanise ukuqiniseka ukuba ikho okufanelekileyo kokuzikhusela ngokwezomthetho.