Ubuchule Beeporitimenti: Iintlobo, Iinkqubela Nentsingiselo Yazo

Unyulo lokuqala lwenza isiseko sokukhetha umtshato eUnited States, luxonxa abavoti abajongene nonyulo qho. Ngokungafaniyo nonyulo jikelele, oluthi lujike ii-pali ezimbini ezinkulu ngokuchasene, i-primedys inike amalungu eqela kwaye maxa wambi abavoti abazimeleyo amandla okugqiba ukuba ngubani oza kuphatha ibhanile yeqela. Ukuqonda abaqhubi beeprojekthi kuyimfuneko kubafundisi, kubafundi, kunye nakubemi abatshateneyo abafuna ukubona intloko-ndaba baze baqonde indlela ekwavela ngayo ngokoqobo idibini.

Inkqubo engundoqo yale mihla yavela kwiNguquko yeNkathi eProfections yasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, xa iimeko zaqalisa ukutshintsha iinguqu ezivaliweyo zegumbi lokungena kunye neendibano ngevoti ezithe ngqo zamalungu eqela. Namhlanje, iprimparies lunyulo olulawulwa nguluhlu lwemithetho kunye nemithetho yeqela. Oku kuntsonkothile kuthetha ukuba umjikelo ofanayo wonyulo ungabonakalisa ngokuphawulekayo imithetho eyahlukeneyo kumaphondo akufuphi, ukwenza inkqubo ibe nomtsalane kwaye inxunguphazeleke. Ukubaluleka kwe-Primenti kwandamenti kwanda ngaphaya kokhetho nje lomthetho: iphembelela amaqonga, ukubotshelelwa kweqela, ukuvota, kunye nolwalathiso lwendlela yesizwe.

Esi sikhokelo sandisiweyo saphula iindidi zezingeni, abalungisi-makhareji bemiqathango, intsingiselo enzulu yale miba, ucelomngeni olubathwayo, kunye notshintsho olunokuphinda luthathe indlela iMelika ethatha ngayo ii-mine. Ukuba ufundisa udidi lwamaqumrhu okanye ulungiselela iKhomishini ye-FLT, i-Federal Evolution iproject, umyalelo ogqibeleleyo wamakhandlela ozakulola ukuqonda kwakho umhlaba okhethiweyo.

Iintlobo Zee-crimes

Unyulo lokuqala luza ngeendlela eziliqela ezahlukeneyo, nganye inemithetho eyahlukeneyo malunga nokuba ngubani onokuvota nokuba abaza kubhaptizwa banokuhamba njani. Ukhetho lohlobo lokuqala lungachaphazela umvoti, ubuchule bokuvota, kunye nokuhonjiswa kwechibi lemichiza.

Ii-Primetric eziValiweyo

Kwisidlangalala esivaliweyo, kuphela amalungu abhalisiweyo eqela lezobupolitika angavota kwintloko-siseko selo qela. UDemocrat obhalisiweyo akanakuvota kwibala eliphambili leRiphabliki, kwaye ngokuchaseneyo. Le nkqubo yenzelwe ukuthintela “ukuvota,” apho amalungu eqela elichasayo ekhuphela ngabom ivoti yomntu obuthathaka okanye azame ukuphembelela ukhetho lomnye umbutho. Njengango-2024, kuquka iFlorida, iKentucky, iNew York, kunye ne-Oregon asebenzisa amaPricity avalayo ubuncinane iqela elinye elikhulu.

Abaxhasi baphikisa ngelithi amagumbi okugcina ingqibelelo eqela ngokuqinisekisa ukuba ngamalungu anyanisekileyo kuphela anokuthetha ekukhetheni umBambele osezantsi. Abagxeki baphikisa ngokuthi balulalula abavoti abazimeleyo (abasenokufuneka ukuba babhalise ngeqela ukuba bathathe inxaxheba) kwaye banokunyanzela amaqela akwindawo ezigqithisileyo kuba kuphela amalungu amaninzi akhetha ukuvota kwiminciphiswano evaliweyo. Uphando olusuka ku [FLT: 0] Ingqungquthela Yombuso yomthetho yeLegislatures[ lubonisa ukuba umvoti ujikelezo wobuvoti kwiiprosta ezivaliweyo udla ngokuba phantsi kunenkqubo evulekileyo, ngokwenxalenye ngenxa yokuba idityani elipheleleyo lomntu ofanele ukuvota livalelwe.

Vula Iindawo

Izaphuli-mthetho zivumela nawuphi na umvoti obhalisiweyo ukuba abe nenxaxheba nakweliphi na igalelo eliphambili, kungakhathaliseki ukuba liliphi iqela labo. Abavoti bakhetha nje ukuba yeliphi iqela eliza kuthatha ukhetho ngosuku lonyulo. Le nkqubo ikhulisa ukhetho lomvoti yaye idla ngokukhethwa ngabantu abazimeleyo nabaphakathi. Amazwe anjenge-Alabama, i-Indiana, iMichigan, iMississippi, neTexas asebenzisa iiprion kwimistries zombini amaqela amakhulu.

Ujikelezo lweziprime ezivulekileyo kukuba bayakwazi ukuvota ngokufanelekileyo, njengoko abatshateli kufuneka babhenele kukhetho olubanzi oluquka ukuvota abavoti. Bakwanyusa inxaxheba jikelele. Noko ke, abachasi balumkisa ukuba abavuleli bamema “ukuvula,” apho amalungu elinye iqela akhetha ngokucwangcisiweyo umvoti obuthathaka ngakumbi kwelinye iqela. Ngoxa uphando lwemfundo lucebisa ukuba ukuhlasela kunqabile ekuqheliseni, ukuqiqa kokusebenzisa irhintyelo.

Ii-Primes eziValekileyo

I-Semi-cripmes evaliweyo ibetha umhlaba ophakathi: amalungu eqela elibhalisiweyo angavota kuphela kwisiseko seqela lawo, kodwa abavoti (abazimeleyo) bangakhetha ukuba yeliphi iqela eliphambili ukuba lithathe inxaxheba kulo. Lo mzekelo ujolise ekulondolozeni ulawulo lweqela ngeli linika ilizwi elizimeleyo. Ama-Arizona, iColorado, iMassachusetts, kunye neNtlambo Carolina zisebenzisa iinkqubo ezivaliweyo kancinane kwiqela elinye elikhulu.

Ekuqheliseni, amaprimiri avinjwe kancinane afana ne-primrives ezivulekileyo, ngeli xesha ugcina umqobo kumalungu abhalisiweyo eqela eliphikisanayo. Oku kungenza oyena uphambili udityanisiweyo ngaphandle kokushiya imida yeqela. Olunye ucelomngeni lolokuba amajelo kufuneka achaze ngokucacileyo “umgangatho” kwaye alawule iirolathisi zokuvota ngokokuko.

IiPrimoniers eziPhezulu- Kwisibini

Kwakhona zaziwa ngokuba “ziijingle primiry” okanye“ iingubo ezingekho mgaqweni,” inkqubo ephezulu-emibini ithumela bonke abatsha abatsha-kanti nabamele ukuthatha inxaxheba ($naye umvoti omnye). Abavumi abathathi-nxaxheba bakhetha omnye, kwaye abavumi abafumana olona luvoti luphambili kunyulo jikelele, ngaphandle kokuba lilungu leqela. Le nkqubo isetyenziselwa urhulumente neeofisi zikarhulumente eCalifornia naseWashington, kunye nezinye iiofisi eNebraska naseLouisiana (isebe laseLouisiana lisebenzisa “iana fomu-vote" efana nayo ebangela ukuba kungabikho mfuneko yokukhetha okuqhelekileyo.)

Inkqubo ephezulu-2 yenzelwe ukwenza buthathaka ukonakalisa okugqithisileyo kocalulo ngokunyanzela abatsha abatsha ukuba bakhuphisana namalungu elinye iqela eliphambili kwaye emva koko bakhuphisa elinye iqela. Ikwaqinisekisa ukuba unyulo ngokubanzi lubonakalisa abanyulwa ababini abathandwa kakhulu, nokuba bangamalungu eqela elinye. Abagxeki baphikisa ngelithi inkqubo ephezulu-2-2 ingakhokelela kunxulumano oluqhelekileyo lweqela elikhulu, kwaye inciphisa ukhetho lomvoti ngokubanzi ngokunikela kuphela ukhetho.

Iinkqubo Ezibandakanyekileyo Kwii-Primesters

Inkqubo yokuqala asiyosiganeko esinye, esifanayo kodwa lulandelelwano lwezicwangciso ezinokunwenwa kangangeenyanga ezininzi. Ukuqonda iqonga ngalinye kunceda ukuphelisa indlela ibala lethemba eliba ngayo liqela elinye.

Ukukhotyokiswa Nokuqotywa Kwezinto

Nganye isiqalo sokuqala ngexesha lokufakelwa kwemithetho-mvume apho abatshayeli bafaka khona amaphepha onyulo kwigunya lorhulumente. Amaqumrhu kufuneka aqokelele ubuncinane benani lotyikityo olusuka kubavoti ababhalisiweyo, ahlawule umrhumo wefashoni, agqibe isibhengezo sobunyani. Ii-freals kunye nemfuno zosayino zahluka ngokubanzi ngorhulumente nangeofisi. Umzekelo, umtshayeli wolawulo usenokufuna amawaka eotyikityaniweyo ukuze avele kwi-osipala eTexas, lo mvoti yemithetho yowiso-mthetho isenokufuna kuphela amakhulu ambalwa. Imimiselo yemithetho ye-Federal Ecompution Comment idioperation idiza umaleko wemfunote izimfuno zabathathi borhulumente abatshayi. Iqonga lokulungisa iqonga elinoba ngumqobo ongaphandle phantsi kwemigxutyiweyo okanye umphanga ecwangciswe phantsi kwevoti.

Ukubhikica Nokuphikisana

Xa sele bekwi-comput, abaza kufumana iphulo lokuphumelela amavoti aphambili. Inkamkelo zigxininisa ucoceko lwengqondo kunye nokunyaniseka kweqela, njengoko abavoti abaphambili bedla ngokukhetha kakhulu kune-omatiloshe jikelele. Ingxoxo zisoloko zilungelelwaniswa ziikomiti zeqela okanye izibhengezo zezixhobo zekhompyutha kwaye zinokulinganiselwa kuphela kubaquququzelela abadibana novoteko okanye abaqokelela iibhunga eziphambili. Kwimiqobo yomongameli, iqela lesizwe limisela iingxubeko ezisoloko zixhasa abaphambili, impikiswano exhokonxayo malunga nokuba ngubani ofumana i-mibhobho. Ukunyuka kwemi yemida yemibatho nezokubhengeza kwamaziko ephakathi kuguqule iphulo, ukuvumela abaqhubi abanikela ngemi bombutho-o abancinane nabasebenzi boncedo abangahambisi bezo zesithethe.

Iindlela Zokudlulisela noSuku lokhetho

Usuku lokuqala lonyulo luyincopho yolo khetho, kodwa ukuvota ngokwako kuthatha iintlobo ezininzi. Amazwe amaninzi anika uvota ngokutshatiswa kwe-imeyile, ekuvoteni kwasekuqaleni, nokuvota okukhoyo ngoku kuqhelekile. Ama- States anemithetho eyahlukileyo xa abachongi kufuneka babuyiselwe kwaye nokuba ngaba amaposi anokubuyiselwa nokubalwa. Isifo sokuvota se-COVID-19 sikhawuleze ukuthathelwa indawo kwe-posi e-ePrimentary, kodwa kunyuswe imibuzo engokuphathekayo ngokhuseleko nokufikelela ekuhlaleni okuhlala kubekwe icala. Abavoteshi ababhaliswe ngeqela (kuvaliwe okanye kufutshane) mabacele ukuba ubalo oluchaphazele ubalo oluchaphaze kwimposiso yebhola eboli okanye ukurhoxanduswa kwemfundo. Ukuvota kuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abanokungenwa kwe-voti.

Ubalo

Emva kokuphengulula, amagosa onyulo abala iibhola zonyulo kunye neziphumo eziqinisekisiweyo. Kwinkoliso yamaPrimpont, umvoti ofumana iziphumo ezininzi, kodwa amanye amazwe afuna uninzi (ngaphezu kwama-50 ekhulwini) ukuphepha ukuphuma. Runoff primerivary, eqheleke kakhulu kumazwe asemazantsi njenge Georgia neLouisiana, anyanzelisa unyulo lwesibini phakathi kwabatsha abatsha abaphezulu ukuba akukho namnye ufikelelayo emnyango. I-Runoffs inokurhuqa ixesha eliphambili kwihlobo, ukuvavanya unya unyaniso kunye nemithombo yemali. UVote ukubalal uphantsi kombuso kunye nolawulo lwasekuhlaleni, kwaye iziphumo ezimxinzelelwa zidla ngokungqinwa ngeveki ezimbalwa, nto leyo eyaziwa ngokusemthethweni liqela liqela.

Thumela Okukhethileyo

Kwi-democratic primiry, ivoti edumileyo iyodwa ayimiseli uthotho; abameli abanikwe umncomi ngamnye ekugqibeleni bagqibele ukutyunjwa kwemithetho yabo kwindibano yeqela lesizwe. Abathunywa banikwa umlinganiselo kwiDidemocratic Primiries (nomnyango we-15 ekhulwini wokufumana ubuchule) kwaye ngokudibanisa umxube wemithetho elungelelanisiweyo kunye nokufumana impumelelo kuyo yonke imiqathango. Inginginya yesizwe nganye imisela imithetho yayo kwimigaqo yayo phakathi kweqela lesizwe, idala indlela enzima ephembelela iphulo. I-Candidate kufuneka ifikelele ubalo oluthile lwe-crin ku-okstmin-net . . . .

Ukubaluleka Kweencwadi

Abakhi bezindlu eziphezulu bawubumba wonke umjikelo wonyulo.

Ukhetho Olungenamsebenzi Nezigqibo Ezifanelekileyo

Ucalucalulo lumxinwa kumhlaba ophangaleleyo wabaphikisi kwiqela elinye, umsebenzi ophembelela ngokuphawulekayo ukhetho lomvoti ngoNovemba. Isigqumathelo esivelisa ipesentiliste nomnenga sisenokufaka isicelo sokujija umvoti, lo gama isiqala esiphakamisa i-ideolgate sinokunceda isiseko kodwa silungelelene. Isiko loMgaqo-mthetho wobubhino-mthetho [[FLTLT: 1] [umthetho ongundoqo] ubhale indlela imithetho engundoqo echaphazela ngayo isikhundla semiqathango-ognome. Kwimibutho emininzi yemibutho, isiqala singukhuphiswano lokwenene kuba unyulo lukhuselekile kwizandla zeqela elinye. Ukuqonda oomatshini abaphambili kunceda ukucacisa isizathu sokuba ezinye iingini eziqinileyo ngexesha lokhetho.

Umanyano Lweqela Nongquzulwano Lwangaphakathi

Oomatiloshe banokudibanisa okanye bahlule iqela lezobupolitika. Ukhuphiswano olusuka phambili kodwa olunentlonelo luphela ngokuzingisa abazahluleli abafumana inkxaso-phambili. Kodwa iintloko-mikhosi ezikrakrayo, ezingalunganga zingashiya amanxeba ahlalayo, nabaxhasi abaphulukani nolwala ukuvota i-ennene okanye kwanekusebenzela iqela eliphikisanayo. Unyaka ka2016 weRiphabliki yaBallekiya owenziwe ngokunzulu kwicandelo elithe gqolo lweqela lonyulo. Inkokeli yeqela isoloko izama ukulawula ingxabano yangaphakathi ngokungqinelana, iinkqubo zengxoxo, kwaye imisela imithetho evumela abatshayo. Uhlobo lokuqala oluthiyo luvule okanye oluvaliweyo.

Ubungqina Bomsebenzi

Unyulo lokuqala lwembali lutsala abavoti abambalwa kakhulu kukhetho oluqhelekileyo, kodwa lunganika amacandelo onyulo oluphezulu lwezibonelelo eziphambili zomvoti kwaye lungaxela kwangaphambili ihlombe jikelele lonyulo. Ngokuchaseneyo, iinguqu ezisezantsi zinika amandla amancinane, amaqela alungelelanisiweyo `okluvo oluqhelekileyo `ongamele amalungu abanzi eqela. Udidi oluphambili oluchaphazela ngqo: ukuvuleka nokuvaleka kwezakhiwo eziphambili jikelele lubona ukuba nenxaxheba kukhulu kunobotshelelwayo. Utshintsho olufana nolo suku olunye novoti-ovota kunye noqhatho lweposi luye lwaboniswa ukukhuthaza ukujika okuphambili. Izikolo kunye nemibutho yoluntu efundisa ngoomatshini abaphambili iprocensties ekufuneka idlale indima ephambili.

ICandelo loMgaqo-nkqubo

Iziphumo eziphambili zithumela iziphumo ezinamandla ezithi isiseko seqela sijongeke njengezibaluleke kakhulu. Uloyiso lokuqala oluqhutywa ngumtya kwintshukumo yemozulu lunganyanzela iqonga leqela ukuba limisele inkqubo yokusingqongileyo; uthothotho loloyiso oluvela kwimiqathango enzima enzima; uthotho lweemba lunganyanzela iqela kwimithetho engqongqo engqongqo. Ngale ndlela, iproteni ayiyiyo kuphela eyabalekayo kwi-njenge-arhente kodwa emeleyo. Unyuko lweTea Party emva konyaka wama-2018 kunye namaza aqhubekayo ka-2018 omabini aqala kwimfazwe ephambili apho abaquququzeleli boyise kwimi okanye izindululo. Abafundi benzululwazi yezobupolitika badla ngokusebenzisa iziphumo eziphambili ukubonisa indlela abazenza ngayo abantu abazenza ngayo izinto ngexesha elidluleyo.

Iingxaki Neengxubakaxaka

Abangeni basoloko begxekwa ngokuthandabuza ukuba abathathi cala bafanele bathethe kakuhle yaye abasebenzi kakuhle.

Ucinezelo lolawulo lwezibonelelo zelizwe

Imithetho ye-ID ebekelwe umda, iindawo zokuvota ezisikelwe umda, kunye nokusika iindawo zokuvota zamandulo ngokungenakulinganiswa kuchaphazela iqaqobana, ingeniso ephantsi, kwaye abavoti abaselula kwi-primester. Ngenxa yokuba ukurhoxa kokuqala kusezantsi kunemiqathango jikelele, nawuphi na umqobo owongezelelekileyo ungawushiya umphumo. Umzekelo, ukuvalwa kwendawo emnyama ejikelezayo eGeorgia ngexesha le-20202020 ephambili kwimigca emide kwaye ihluliwe. Imingeni esemthethweni iyaqhubeka phezu komgaqo-siseko wemiqathango eyahlukeneyo, kwaye ingxoxo engaphaya kwamalungelo okuvota ihlala isembindini kuvuse. [[FLT] RR] ijek eVote[FLT] imiba ephambili yemibutho enje ephambili kunye neyokungenelela ukufikelela kwemigaqo engundoqo.

Impembelelo Yemali

Imali yenkamzamkelo idlala indima ephakanyisiweyo kwi-primcaries, apho abatshayeli befuna ukwahlulwa ngokwabo kuqingqo-mali lwezihlangu. Abathengi abanobutyebi banokulawula iintengiso ze-media, ngoxa abacuphi abacuphi bezama ukukhupha umyalezo wabo. Imali ephezulu nemali emnyama idla ngokujolisa iziqalelo zokungahlali kwimiqathango okanye ukukhuthaza izinxulumanisi. Iminyaka engama-202222 yabona ukusetyenziswa kwezibhengezo zentengiso ze-lektroniki kumabonwakude kwizindlu ezikhuphisana. Abagxeki bephikisa ukuba imali igqwetha inkqubo yokukhetha, abantu abanomvuzo abanomvuzo abanokubonakalisa kakhulu kunabo abamele izigralelo eziphambili. Iimfuno zeNkundla zemfundo ephakamileyo ziyahlukahluka, kunye neemfuno zeNkundla yeNkundla yeNkundla yesizwe [FL.][FPG.1]

Ukwenziwa kwe-Gerrymandering noyilo lweSithili

Umthetho ochaphazela iinguqu ngokudala imimandla elwahlula kakhulu abantu apho unyulo olungundoqo lukuphela kokhuphiswano. Kwimimandla ekhuselekileyo, umnqolobi ophambili uqinisekiswe ukuba usisihlalo kwiBhunga, kwaye abatshabhisi-nxaxheba banokubhenela kweyona ntloko ephambili kunaleyo iphambili yokukhetha. Oku kunegalelo elinamandla kwingqungquthela. Utshintsho olungundoqo, njengomsebenzi ozimeleyo osetyenziswa kumacandelo anjengeKhalifoniyani nase-Arizona zilungileyo, lungaqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa kwesihlalo kwiBhunga, kodwa uqheliso-othisha bangasebenzisa imfaniso ye- i-Grigergerman. [[FLT]] imfaniso yemigraving.

Ukulayishwa kwangaphambili nokuSuper Ulwesibini

Kwi-presidential primial, ixesha lokhuphiswano lwesizwe lidala ucwangciso olucinezelweyo oluvumela abatshakazi abavunyiweyo. “Ukulayisha” kubhekisele kutyekelo lwamazwe lokususa amabala awo angaphambili kwikhalenda ukunyusa impembelelo. KuLwesibini, xa ishumi elinesibini okanye ngaphezulu lamazwe avota ngosuku olunye ngoMatshi, iye yaba sisiganeko esibalulekileyo esinokugqiba ngokunempumelelo ukurhoxiswa ngemini. Abagxeki baphikisa ukuba imikhosi ephambili efaka isithuthili sokuqhuba amaphulo esizwe ngaphambi kwexesha, ukuvala abaqhubi abafuna ixesha lokwakha. Amaqela esizwe aye azama ukulawula ikhalenda yokuqala, kodwa aphikisa ukuphulukana indima yawo yokuqala. Hamshire noIose, abaxhasi abaphambili, bawayixhasi beendawo zabo zobundlongondlongo.

Iintlola Ezingaphezulu Kwezinyusi

I-Caucuses luhlobo oludala lokukhetha amatshamsha abandakanya iintlanganiso ezijongene nobuso kunokuba ziqhutywe ngokufihlakeleyo. Ziye zagxekwa ngokuba zingakwazi ukufikelela abasebenzi, abazali, nabantu abaneziphene, kwakunye nokuntsonkotha kwazo. I-Democratic caucus ka-2020 yehlela kwisiphithiphithi xa ixela iziphumo ezilibazisayo zentsuku. Ngokungathi kunjalo, iDemocratic National Committence ide-emphasus kwimithetho yayo enzima, kwaye amazwe amaninzi aye atshintsha ahlala kwipristary. Noko ke, i-caucsus isahlala ihleli kwamanye amazwe nakwii-ofisi, ingakumbi kwimigangatho yasekuhlaleni.

Iimbono Zomahluko Nezotshintsho

Ngelixesha inkqubo engundoqo yase-US yahlukile, ezinye iindlela zolawulo-melo zisebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo ukukhetha abaza kunyulwa jikelele. Ukuqonda ezi ndlela zonyango kungakhanyisa oko kusenokuphuculwa kwinkqubo yamaMelika.

Indlela Amanye Amazwe Akhetha Ngayo Ukulawula

Kwiinkqubo ezininzi zepalamente, iinkokeli zeqela zikhethwa ngonyulo lwangaphakathi oludla ngokuvulwa kancinci kune-American princial. I-United Kingdom’s Labour Party kunye neKhomistendi eququzelelayo isebenzisa iingxoxo zobunkokeli ezivulekelwe ngamalungu eqela okanye kwanabantu ngokubanzi kwezinye iimeko (ngokuba “linye ilungu, ivoti enye”). Noko ke, abathathi bePalamente badla ngokukhethwa ngamaqumrhu asekuhlaleni anegalelo elincinane likawonke-wonke. IKhanada isebenzisa iingxoxo ezivula ngokufuthi ezibandakanya amalungu asekuhlaleni kuphela. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, amazwe amaninzi awabambi izikhalo zabathazi abavumi bomthetho; iqela eliphakamileyo lilawula inkqubo yokukhetha. I-US iqhelene ngokubhekiselele ekulawuleni ekulawuleni ekulawuleni, imo yemo ye-mo-modensitive yezo zoontala onke. Le nkqubo yoontathothotho zikwa-phambili.

Utshintsho Olunokubakho Kwinkqubo Esisiseko

Kuye kwacetywa iinguqu eziliqela ukusingatha iintsilelo zezingeni:

  • Abavoti ababuthathaka bayasuswa kwaye amavoti abo akwimo elungileyo ade aphume. Kunyulo oluphambili lwe-RCV Primmies, abavoti abathathi-nxaxheba ngokwendlela yokukhetha. Ukuba akukho mvoti ufumana uninzi lwevoti yokuqala ye-choce, abathathi-nxaxheba ababuthathaka bayakhutshwa kwaye abavoti babo bakhutshelwa ukuba babhenele kude kuvele uninzi. RCV isetyenziswa kunyulo lokuqala eMaine nase Alaska (kwieofisi zooomasipala) nakwiiofisi eziliqela ngaphaya kwelizwe. Iphelisa imfuneko yokukhupha iintambo ezibiza imali ezininzi zemali kwaye ikhuthaza abatshayo ukuba babhenele ngaphaya kwesiseko sabo.
  • [[FLT: 0] Usuku olungundoqo lohlanga: ukubamba zonke izilawuli zombuso ngosuku olunye kungaphelisa ukulayishwa phambili nokunika abo baza kubhaptizwa indawo yokudlala. Abachasi baphikisa ukuba izakuthoba iphulo lokulwa ingca nokuthandwa ngamazwe ngamaqela asekuhlaleni.
  • [[FLT: 0] Ibhalisa elizenzekelayo ne-Ofisidiyo yoSuku Efanayo: iinkqubo zobhaliso ezandisayo ziyakwandisa ukubhalisa okungundoqo, ingakumbi phakathi kwabavoti abaselula nabambalwa. Amazwe amaninzi amkele le migaqo ngempumelelo engenakuthelekelelwa.
  • Ukusetyenziswa kwemibhobho yePrime: Iinkqubo ezihambelanayo, ezifana nenkqubo yesiXeko saseNew York, zinganciphisa impembelelo yabanikeli bezityebi kumaphulo aphambili. Amanye amazwe nezixeko sele enikela uthelekiso lukawonke-wonke kwabathe bavuma ukuchithwa kwemida.
  • Ii-Nonpartans Primitant ngeNqanawa Ephezulu: Utshintsho kwindlela ephezulu-emibini, phezulu-ne primiries (esetyenziswe eAlaska) ithumela abaphezulu abane abathathi-nxaxheba kunyulo jikelele, apho uvotelo lwe-choce lusetyenziswa khona. Le modeli inyusa ukhetho lovoti kwaye inciphisa iziphumo zophango.

Isiphelo

Abenzi bamaplani-nkqubo `iintlobo, iinkqubo, kunye nokubaluleka----ayiyo nje kuphela i-triclebral trivia. Bagqiba ukuba ngoobani abathathi-nxaxheba abazichazayo, bayazichaza njani, kwaye yiyiphi imbambano elawula impikiswano kawonke-wonke. Kubafundisi- ntsapho, abenzi-makharente abaphambili bathetha ukuxhobisa abafundi ngezixhobo ukuqonda isizathu sokuba abaza kuba batshayele nabanye abantu bavele. Kukwathetha ukujamelana nocelomngeni olulula olululayo lwenkqubo esesikweni: ukuvota, ukuphelisa imali, kwezobupolitika, igerrymanbing, kunye nekhalenda evuza izityebi kunye nezixhobo ezinxibelelanayo.

Utshintsho luselundini. Ama- States kunye namatheko azama ukuvota okuphezulu okune-primries, kunye nokufikelela okuphezulu. Umnqweno kawonke-wonke wokutshintsha ukhule njengokunganeliseki kukuhlaliswa kwethanga kunye nokukhula kwe-grid lock. Ngokuqonda indlela amaplanga asebenza ngayo . kwaye ezinye izinto ezikhoyo zingatyhalela phambili inkqubo ebonisa ngakumbi ukuthanda kwabantu. Ii-rimrimo azizinzi; zingumsebenzi oqhubekayo, kwaye ukufundwa kwabakhenkethisi babo kunika amandla okulungisa inkqubela.