Ukuqonda iiPacs Ezinganxulunyaniswanga

Ii-PACs, ezingekho mgaqweni zizimele ngokwamacandelo e-PaCs, ngokungafaniyo nee-PACs, ezidityaniswe nee-Pucs, ezinxulumene nee-mibutho, ii-acs, ezinxulumene nee-mibutho, ii-mibutho yezentengiselwano, ii-PCs, okanye imibutho yamalungu, engekho nxulumeneyo nezobupolitika.

Igama elithi "alunakudibana" livela ngqo kuMthetho weCandelo loNqumo loManyano (FECA) kunye neKhomishini yoNqumo loManyano loManyano (FEC). Le mibutho ayixhaswa okanye ilawulwe yiyo nayiphi na enye into kwaye kufuneka inamathele kwimimiselo eyahlukileyo yemithetho elawula intlawulo yayo, ukuchithwa, kunye nokuxelwa kwengxelo. Imela indalo ehlukeneyo, kuquka ii-PACss, amaqela amaqela okhetho elinye (umz. umz., amalungelo ebham, okanye amalungelo okuqhomfa kook ’ isisu), kunye namalungelo olawulo asungulwe ngabalawuli bezobupolitika kodwa acuthwe njengengeyoyokudibanayo ukuba ayidityaniswanga kwikomiti yephulo. Inkululeko yabo inika zombini inkululeko kunye nomthwalo okhethekileyo olusebenzayo.

Imithetho elawulayo

I-FEC ngumbutho oyintloko ojongene nokunyanzelisa imithetho yezemali nokunika izimfuno zokutyhilwa. Ucwangciso lomgaqo-nkqubo wee-PAC, kuquka nezingadityaniswanga, lusekelwe kuMthetho weCandelo loPhuhliso-Mgaqo-nkqubo kunye nokubuyiselwa okulandelayo. Iziqalelo ezingundoqo zesi siseko ziquka imiqathango yomnikelo, imiqathango yomthombo, kunye nezicwangciso zokunika ingxelo.

Imida yegalelo kunye noMqathango oMthombo

I-PAC engadityaniswanga ingummiselo ongqongqo weminikelo ovela kubantu, kwezinye iikomiti ze-PAC, kunye neqela. Phantsi komthetho wangoku, umntu anganikela kwii-$5 000 ngonyaka kwi-PAC engadityaniswanga. I-PACs ingafak ’ isandla ukuya kwi-$5 000 (R3,000) kwikomiti yonyulo. Le mida, ngoxa ijoliswe ukuthintela ukunganyaniseki okanye ukubonakala kwayo, inganyanzela ngokuphawulekayo ukuba ingxowa kwemali ye-PACs, ingakumbi abo bangenaso isiseko esikhulu somni okanye inkxaso yequmrhu. Ukongeza, abangadityaniswanga-mali abangeniswangavumelekanga iminikelo yemibutho, imibutho yempatho, okanye yezobuzwe, engafani nezinye iikomiti zezobupolitika ezifana nee-PACC okanye ii-prodial PCs, ezineeces, ezinemithetho eyahlukeneyo.

Iimfuno zoNyaka nezokuXhasa

Ukukhanya okucacileyo kungumsebenzi ongundoqo wolawulo lwezemali. I PAC enganxulunyaniswanga kufuneka ibhalise ngeengxelo ze-FEC kunye neengxelo ezithe rhoqo ezichaza ii-discs zazo, ukukhutshwa kwezimvo, amatyala, kunye nomnye umsebenzi wemali. Ingxelo zifuneka ngokwekota ngeminyaka engekhoyo yonyulo kunye nanyanga ngexesha lokunyulwa, okanye ngokuchasene nocwangciso olungelulo, okanye kucwangciso olungelulo lwe-nu kunye neengxelo zonyuso. Umgangatho wento efunekayo uquka ukuchithwa kweminikelo yee-R202020, okanye iindleko ezininzi ze-R202020, kuquka igama, umsebenzi, nomqeshwa, nomqeshi wazo-mali ongophiweyo. Olu lwazinzo lufumaneka ekuhleni kwi-FEC kwaye lunokufunyanwa ngabachongi, abachaniseki be-ndaba, kunye nee-wonke-wonke-wonke-wonke-wonke-wonke-wonke, ngoxa ezi zinto zisenza ezi mfuneko zokulawula nolawulo ezikhoyo zemali ezikhoyo ezikhoyo zezelelwayo.

Uxanduva olungundoqo olujongene nee-PAC ezinganxulunyaniswanga

Ukusebenzisa ulwembu oluntsonkothileyo lwemithetho yeFEC yenye yezona miqobo ibalulekileyo kwi PACs ezingeyoedityanisiweyo. Ngokungafaniyo neePAC ezidityaniswe kakuhle ezisoloko zinamaqela asemthethweni kwindlu okanye abasebenzi abathobelayo, ii-PAC ezininzi ezingadityaniswanga zisetyenziswa ngamatsha - ntliziyo amancinci okanye abasebenzi abancinane abahlawulwayo. Isiphumo sempazamo sincinane, kwaye neziphumo zemposiso zengozi zengozi zingaba nkulu.

Ukuntsonkotha Kwemithetho Yomanyano

I-FEC imigaqo isaziwa njengenenkcukacha. Ukuqinisekisa oko kungumnikelo ngokuchasene nenkcitho ezimeleyo, ukuqonda imithetho yokunxibelelana okulungelelanisiweyo, kwaye ukucazulula ngokuchanekileyo ukudibanisa iimpazamo kusenokuba nzima. Ukhokelo lwe-FEC, ulawulo olugunyazisiweyo, kunye nemiba yokunyanzelisa inika ulwahlulo oluthile, kodwa ubuninzi bemithetho kunye nokuhlaziywa rhoqo kwenza kube nzima ukwenzela ukuba iinkcubeko ezingezona ingcali zikhoyo. Iimpazamo ezincinci, ngokufaka ingxelo yemali esemva kosuku, ukuphonononga, okanye ukungaphumeleli ukuchaza igama lomthengisi, ukukhuphisana, intenga, intengo entle, okanye kwanesenzo esisemthethweni esisuka kwi-FEC. Le mikhosi esoloko idityaniweyo engekhona nemali yayo esemthethweni, isebenzisa imali engekho ngokomthetho kwimali yayo engekho mthethweni.

Inkxaso-mali eBalulekileyo

Umlinganiselo womnikelo ozii-$5 000 ngonyaka ungumqobo owoyikekayo. Ukwakha ifayili eqinileyo yomnikeli kuyimfuneko kuyo nayiphi na iPAC, kodwa i-PACs engazidibanisiyo kufuneka yenze njalo ngaphandle kwesiseko somtyaba esakhelweyo somanyano okanye uthungelwano lomsebe. Zixhomekeke kakhulu kwiposi ngqo, ingxowa-mali ye-imeyili, i-imeyili, izibhengezo zamanani, kunye neziganeko. Noko ke, ixabiso lokufumana umnikeli liphezulu, kwaye umlinganiselo womnikelo umele unyuse ukubuya kwemali. Kwi-PAC efuna ukunyusa isigidi se-R1, ingalufuna ubuncinane unyuselo, kunye nezininzi ezingaphantsi. Oku kwenza kube nzima ukuphumelela kwe-PC umgangatho wolonwabo olunandisiweyo, imiqatha, i-okanye nemiqatha yekhalenda, engaqhubeki, i-ede imiqatha, unyuso-ehlo-ehlo.

Inkxalabo Yasese Neziphumo Zomxube

Ukwamkelwa kwabantu abanikelayo, kuquka amagama abo nabaqeshi, kusenokuba nemiphumo ekhwankqisayo kwinxaxheba. Kwixesha lokuqhambuka kwezobupolitika, abanikezeli kwiimeko ezingentle zezobupolitika, abanokuchaphazeleka okanye abangenwayo bangajamelana nokukhathazwa, ukuxhatshazwa nguwonke-wonke, okanye ukuchatshazelwa kwezobugcisa. Ngoxa iNkundla ePhakamileyo iye yaxhasa ukuchana kwemfuno yezomGaqo-siseko kwiimeko ezifana i-CIINC]. I-FECCP [FLT] [12] [20] i-2010] i-XUT] kunye [incon v. .FECCCP] i-[FLT] (2014], iziphumo ezisebenzayo kwi-PAC enxibelelanayo. Abanye abantu abanikela uncedo kuncedo olulukuko, ulawulo oluluvo olulukunye lwezorhwebo, okanye umbalelo oluthe lulu.

Uguqu-guquko lomgangatho weRhulumente kunye noBuzingo obongeziweyo

Ii-PAC ezingadityanisiweyo ezisebenza kumgangatho wesizwe zijongene nemeko-bume eyahluleke kakhulu yomthetho wezemali. Urhulumente ngamnye unemithetho yakhe yesehlo yezemali, imida yomnikelo, ukuxela ixesha, kunye nemiqobo yokutyhilwa. I-PAC esebenzayo kumazwe amaninzi kufuneka ilandele imiyalelo emininzi yemithetho yomthetho eyahlukeneyo, nganye inentlobo zayo kunye nenkqubo yokulungisa. Le ngxaki intlupheko yemali engundoqo yolawulo kwaye ingumqobo omkhulu kwimibutho efuna ukulinganisa imigudu yayo yokuyila ingca. Imithetho yomanyano inika ubuchule obufanayo, kodwa iimfuno zikarhulumente zidla ngongeza iimaleko zokuthobela okunokulawulwa okunokungathwalwa kwe-PACCes.

Impembelelo kwimisebenzi nakubuchule

Isiphumo sonyuselo lwale mingeni yolawulo sinzulu. I-PAC engazidibanisiyo isebenza ngoqingqo-mali oluncinci nobubhetyebhetye obuncinci kunonxulumano lwazo. Ulawulo lwentloko-ntla yenqanawa ludla kwiindleko zocwangciso, kwaye uloyiko lokwaphula imithetho ye-akhane lungakhokelela ekuzibekeni esichengeni. Ezinye ii-PAC zingakhetha ukwamkela iindlela ezithelekelelwayo, ukuphepha iintlobo ezithile zenkcitho okanye uthungelwano olunokuxhobisa iimfuno ezintsonkothileyo. Ezinye zingakhetha ukuyila ezinye iintlobo zeekomiti zezobupolitika, ezinjengee-PACs ezinkulu, ezingasayi kusetyenziswa imida yomnikelo kodwa ezimele zihambisane nemithetho eyahlukeneyo. Oku kuthintelo lungaguqula umhlaba wezopolitiko kwiinjongo ezingacwangcielwayo.

Ngokubhekele phaya, ukuthobela umthwalo kungathintela abangeni abatsha abakwi-PACs abangadityaniswanga konke konke. Abaququzeleli abanolwazi olulinganiselweyo olungomthetho bangafumana umqobo wokulawula uphezulu kakhulu ukuba ucace, ukunciphisa iingxube zamazwi kwinkqubo yezobupolitika. Oku kunxulumene kakhulu nokunikwa indima yee-PAC ezingadityaniswanga ekumeleni phantsi kokungachazwa kwembono kunye nokuvavanya isimo sobume. Ngokufutshane, ngelixa imiqathango yomgaqo ifuna ukuqinisekisa ukubonakala nokuthembeka, kwakhona ingakuthintela ngokungaziyo ukuthabatha inxaxheba kunye nokuhlaziya.

Imizekelo kunye nemeko yehlabathi lokwenene

Le mingeni ayiyonto nje ethethwayo. Qwalasela i-PAC encinane elungiselelwe ngabaxhasi bemekobume yasekuhlaleni kwilizwe ledabi. Ukunyusa ii-$50 000 kwinkcitho ezizimeleyo ezixhasa iprojekthi ephambili, i-PAC kufuneka ifakethe ifayile ngo-FEC, imisele umgcini-mali, iseka inkqubo yokuthobela, kwaye ifayile enenkcukacha zengxelo. Kufuneka iqinisekise ukuba unxibelelwano lwayo lwemali luquka iidislayidi ezifanelekileyo kwaye yonke iminikelo ivela kwimithombo esemthethweni. Imposiso enye (*.) njengokwamkela umnikelo osuka kumxhasi okholelwa ngempazamo ukuba umda ngukhetho ngamnye kunonyaka ngamnye.

Omnye umzekeliso: ukhokelo oludityaniswe nelungu leBhunga kodwa olunganxulunyaniswanga ngokusesikweni nephulo labo kufuneka lusebenzise imithetho esetyenziswayo ngobuchule. Ngeli xesha ukhokelo lwe-PAC lungadityaniswanga, lusoloko lusetyenziswa ukuxhasa imisebenzi ye-politiki ethile. I-FEC inemithetho eneenkcukacha malunga nokuba imali ingasetyenziswa nini kwaye njani, kwaye nayiphi na imposiso inokubonwa njengegalelo elingamkelekanga ekuzifihleni. Oku kwenza ukuba kufuneke ukhokelo olusemthethweni kwaye kuthintele isantya esifanelekileyo esinokuthi amaqela azimeleyo abenaso.

Ubuncwane bangaphandle obufana [[NTL:0] FEC' isikhokelo sePACS inikeza ulwazi olubalulekileyo, kodwa ubuntlola buhlala bungomelela. Iziko leCamgagal Campment kunye neminye imibutho ine ezibhaliweyo iimeko ezininzi apho iiPaC ezingeyonxinene zijamelene neentelekelelo kwiimpazamo ezincinci zokuxela. [

Ukucetyiswa Kotshintsho Nezicombululo

Abenzi bemithetho, izifundiswa nabameli bacebisa utshintsho oluninzi ukusingatha iingxaki ezijamelene neePaC ezingeyongiyo ngaphandle kokuthoba isidima sokukhanya nokusesikweni.

Ukwenza Umthetho Ube Lula

Olunye utshintsho oluqhelekileyo lukukukuqukumbelana kweemfuno ze-FEC ezinika ingxelo, ingakumbi kwii-PAC ezincinci. I-Ideas iquka ukunyusa umqobo wokwenziwa kwento ukwenzela iminikelo kunye nenkcitho ukunciphisa amaphepha, ukuvumela i-elektroniki ithambeka ngemidibaniso elula, kunye nokunika izikhokelo ezicacileyo zolwimi olucacileyo ukuze i-FEC ithobele. I-FEC yenze inkqubela nenkqubo yayo yokukhupha i-informing, kodwa uphuhliso oluthe phucutheko kusetyenziso kunye nezo-omatshini zinokuhlisa iimpazamo ezikhoyo.

Umiselo olubotshelelweyo olusekelwe kubungakanani okanye kumsebenzi

Enye indlela kukwenza inkqubo enethala apho i PACs encinci engadityaniselwanga ijongene nemithwalo emincinci elawulayo. Umzekelo, iPACs enyusa okanye echitha ngaphantsi komthamo othile (umz., ii-$500,000 kumjikelo) ingafaka iingxelo ezithe rhoqo kwaye ibe phantsi kwemithetho eyenziwe lula. Oku kunganciphisa umthwalo onzima osetyenziswayo kwimibutho yengca ngelixa igcina ukukhanya okupheleleyo kwemininzi, ikomiti enempembelelo engaphezulu. Enjalo ikhona kwamanye amazwe kwaye iye yaxhaswa ngabaxhasi abalungisi abahlukeneyo botshintsho.

Ukubonelela ngeZibonelelo ezingokwasemthethweni neziququzelelayo

Kwii-PAC ezininzi ezingadityaniswanga, isithuba esikhulu kukufikelela kwicebiso lomthetho elifikelelekayo kunye nokuthobela. Ukwenza ikliniki ephantsi okanye iprobobo ye-liniki yokusebenzisana, okanye iplatfomu ye-intanethi ephakathi enezixhobo zokuxela ezizenzekelayo kunye nee-exakeko zokwenene zexesha lokwenyaniso, kunganceda ekulinganiseni ibala lokudlala. I-FEC sele inika ezinye izinto zokufundisa, kodwa yandisa ezi ngezixhobo zokukhokelana, ii-webinar, kunye nenkxaso ngqo yabaphathi befayili bokuqala bexesha inokuba luphuculo olubalulekileyo.

Ukulungelelanisa Ukubonakala Kwendlela Nemfihlo

Ukuthetha nenkxalabo yomnikeli kuntsonkothile kakhulu, kodwa ezinye izicelo zicebisa ukuphanda izinto ezifana nokulibazisa ukutyhilwa koluntu ngeminikelo ethile esezantsi okanye ukuvumela abanikeli abajongene nezisongelo ezinokuvela ukuba bacele ukuba babhace ngenkqubo eqinisekisiweyo. Noko ke, amanyathelo anjalo kufuneka acetywe ngobuchule ukuze kuphenjelelwe ukuzama ukukhupha ibhaqo ukuze kufumaneke imali emnyama. Injongo kufuneka kube kukukhusela abantu ekuhlungwini ngelixa belondoloza ixabiso lolwazi lokutyhila iproject kunye nemithetho elawulayo. Umthetho onamandla kakhulu wokuzikhusela ekuchaseni i-aradass i-ars i-asenokunciphisa iziphumo ezimfihlo ngaphandle kokutshintsha imigaqo ecacileyo.

Isiphelo

I-PACs engadityanisiweyo zizithuthi ezibalulekileyo zokuzimela ngokwazo ezopolitiko, zivumela abemi ukuba balungeleleze baze bakhuthaze iinkolelo zabo ngaphandle kwemibutho yamaqumrhu namaqumrhu. Kodwa ukulawulwa kwemeko-bume abahamba kuyo kuzele bubunzima, iindleko, nemiphumo engacacisiweyo. Ukulungelelanisa iminqweno esemthethweni yokubona ngaphaya, okusesikweni, nokuthembeka nemfuneko yokukhuthaza ummandla wezopolitiko wemeko yezobupolitika onamandla nofikelelekayo kukuqhubeka kucelomngeni. Njengoko imigaqo yezentengiso yezemali iqhubeka isebenza, ingakumbi ngokulandela izigqibo zeNkundla Ephakamileyo kunye namaqhinga ezobupolitika, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela imithwalo enzima kakhulu kwezi komiti zizimeleyo. Ngokuzenza lula izinto, ukuthobela inkxaso, nokulungisa imicimbi, inkqubo elula, abasebenzi benkqubo yokulungisa imicimbi ngokweziquluvo, i-PAC, banokunceda ukuba baqhubeke indima yabo ngaphandle kwemithetho yabo ye-demodemokhrasi, i-yokuba balungele ukulawulwa yimeko yexesha elizayo.