Table of Contents

Uthutho lukawonke-wonke lusisiseko sedolophu nesokuhamba ngeendawo ezisemaphandleni, ukudibanisa abantu kwimisebenzi, imfundo, ukunyamekela impilo, namathuba okuzonwabisa. Ngaphezu nje kwendlela yokusuka kwinqaku elingu A ukuya kwinqaku B, ibumba iimpawu zezixeko, iphembelela amaxabiso ezinto ezikhoyo, kwaye imisela indlela abantu abahlukene ngayo ngokulinganayo abanokufikelela kwiinkonzo ezibalulekileyo. Imigaqo-nkqubo yendawo .......

Indima Yezothutho Kuluntu

Iinkqubo zokuthutha zikawonke wonke, kuquka ooduladula, oololiwe, iziporo ezilula, kunye neevenkile zokuthutha, zinika iingenelo ezininzi ezingaphaya kwendlela elula yokuhamba. Zisebenza njengoluntu olulungileyo olunokunciphisa iindleko zoluntu luze luphucule umgangatho wobomi kwiindidi ezininzi.

Iingenelo Zemekobume

Ngokususela abakhweli kwizithuthi ezizimeleyo ukuya ekuthuthweni kunye, ezothutho zikawonke-wonke zinciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi eshushu. Ngokutsho kweAmerican Public Transportation Association, umntu omnye osuka kwinqwelo-moya ehambayo ehambayo ukuya kuthuthwa uwonke wonke anganciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekharbon nge-30% ngemini. Iinqwelo-mafutha ezimbalwa endleleni zithetha ukuncitshiswa komoya kunye nomgangatho osezantsi we-ozone osezantsi emhlabeni, nto leyo ephucula impilo yokuphefumla edolophini. Izixeko ezinenkqubo eziqinileyo zokuthutha iqhele ukuba nendawo eluhlaza kakhulu nengangeni, ukucutha kwamanzi aphumayo kunye nesiphumo sobushushu basedolobheni.

Iingenelo Zezoqoqosho

Isithuthi sikawonke-wonke yi-injini enamandla yezoqoqosho. I-dola nganye efakwe ekuthuthweni ivelisa malunga nee-irandi ezingama-4 (R3,50) ngokweembuyekezo zezoqoqosho, njengoko iphucula ukufikelela kwimisebenzi, inyusa amaxabiso empahla kufutshane nezitishi, kwaye inciphisa iindleko zokuxinana. Iindawo ezinokusetyenziswa zitsala amashishini kunye netalente, kwaye inkonzo ethembekileyo inganciphisa iindleko zezithuthi zasekhaya ngokuphawulekayo, qho nge-R3 000 okanye ngaphezulu ngonyaka xa kuthelekiswa nokuba ne-nqwelo-mafutha. Le mali inyuka kunyuswa kwii-marikemini, ukwandisa ingeniso esetyenziswa kwezinye izinto kunye neenkonzo.

Inkcubeko

Kubantu abangakwaziyo ukuqhuba ngenxa yobudala, ukukhubazeka, ingeniso, okanye ukhetho, isithuthi sikawonke-wonke siluncedo. Iinkqubo zothutho ezingenakulinganiswa ziqinisekisa ukuba imimandla efumana ii-asethi eziphantsi, uluntu olunombala, needolophu ezinamadolophana zisoloko zisebenza kwaye zinokuthenjwa. Ngaphandle koku kufikelela, abantu abaninzi bazivalwa amathuba omsebenzi, imfundo, kunye nonyango. Izithethe ezibeka umgangatho ophezulu ekucebeni inkonzo. /ejengeneni kwemibutho ephantsi yemibutho yeenkqubo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi abashicinezelelweyo abasebenzi abasebenza ebusuku basebenza ngemibutho eshicinezeneno.

Ukuncitshiswa Kwendlela

Imali yokuzinzisa izithuthi i-R3,50 yezigidi zezigidi zemali eUnited States ixabisa uqoqosho ngaphezu komlinganiselo wamawaka ezigidi zeerandi ngonyaka ngenxa yokulahleka kwemveliso nokulahlwa kwepetroli. Uthutho lukawonke-wonke lukhulula lo mthwalo ngokususa abantu abaninzi kwisithuba esingaphantsi. Uduladula omnye ungathatha indawo yeenqwelo-moto ezingama-40 ukuya kuma-60, kwaye inqwelo-mafutha ingathatha indawo yamakhulu. Iindlela ezithengwayo kunye neenkqubo ezifanelekileyo zikaloliwe azincedisi nje kuphela abasebenzi abasebenzi abahambayo kodwa zikwahlazi izithuba ezikhoyo, ukuhambisa iilori, kunye nezithuthi zongxamiseko, zisenza yonke inkqubo yezithuthi imendo eqinileyo.

Impilo Nokhuseleko

Abasebenzi abahamba kakhulu kuneenqwelo-mafutha, ngokufuthi beqokelela inxalenye ebalulekileyo yomsebenzi wabo womzimba wemihla ngemihla bengena bema. Olu thutho lusebenzayo lunciphisa amaxabiso okutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo, isifo sentliziyo, kunye nesifo seswekile. Ngaphezu koko, uthutho lukawonke-wonke lukhuseleke ngokuphawulekayo kunokuqhuba: umngcipheko wokufa ohanjiweyo ngekhilomitha okanye ngololiwe uphantse ube phantse ube lishumi lezithuthi zabucala. Izitrato ezikhuselekileyo kunye nomlinganiselo wengozi yengozi ziluncedo ezibonelelwa zinkqubo zohambo ezihamba kakuhle.

Indlela Izithethe Zasekuhlaleni Eziluchaphazela Ngayo Uthutho Loluntu

Imigaqo-nkqubo yasekuhlaleni yeyona ilawula ukuba inkqubo yokuthutha iphumelele okanye iyaxabana. Izigqibo ezenziwe ngamabhunga esixeko, iibhodi zokuthutha, kunye noothunywashe abacwangcisiweyo babumba yonke into ukususela kubuninzi benkonzo ukuya kumlinganiselo wamaxabiso ukuya kulwakhiwo lwenethwekhi.

Imali nenkxaso

Uthutho lukawonke-wonke lunentsebenziswano enkulu kwaye lufuna inkxaso-mali eqhubekayo ukugcina izibonelelo ezikhoyo kunye nokwandisa ukufikelela kwimfuno eyandayo. Oorhulumente bongingqi baphakamisa imali yokuthutha ngemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo: irhafu yentengiso (onke amagosa avunyiweyo, njengeSiko lephondo leLos Angeles's County's Imeeme M), iirhafu zempahla, ingeniso yokupaka, kunye nentlawulo lwemirhumo yemali jikelele. Uzinzo nobungakanani bale mijelo lwemali zichaphazela imigangatho yenkonzo ekhoyo, ummiselo wesithutho, kunye nogcino-mfumba. Xa imali ithelelwa imfuno, iimali ziphotho zidityaniselwa phantsi kwendlela, okanye zinyusa ukulungiswa okuyimfuneko okuziiiindawo zokuhlayo kunye nokunyuka kweminxeba.

Umanyano kunye nezibonelelo zikarhulumente, ezifana nezisuka kwiFederal Transit Administration (FTA), zikwadlala indima ebalulekileyo kodwa zifuna imali yongqinelano yasekuhlaleni. Izobupolitika zasekuhlaleni zizakucwangcisa uthutho olucwangcisiweyo kwiibhanki ngokufuthi yimeko yesigqibo sokuba isixeko sinokukhusela ezi zibonelelo zikhulu. Ulwazi oluninzi kwiinkqubo zemali yezwelonke lungafunyanwa kwiwebhsayithi yeFLT FLT]

Ukucwangcisa iDolophu nokuzimin

Ikhowudi yokulungisa kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo esetyenziswa emhlabeni imisela indawo abantu abahlala kuyo nabasebenza kuyo ngokunxulumene nezikhululo zokuthutha. Imigaqo-nkqubo yokusasaza ikhuthaza ukuxinana, ukuxutywa kolwakhiwo lwe-oyile kwisiqingatha se-meya enkulu yeminxeba. Oku kwenza indawo eyakhelweyo apho kuhamba, ukuxhonywa kwebhitshi, nokukhwela lukhetho lwendalo. Ngokuchaseneyo, ukusetyenziswa kommandla omnye ohlula imimandla yokuhlala kwimpumlo zentengiso kusoloko kubangela ukuba kungabikho ukunikezela rhoqo, ukuxabisa iindleko zenkonzo yokuthutha. Izixeko eziye zaguqula indawo ukuvumela uxinano lwezinyuko kufutshane nohambo, njengoMinneapolis kunye noPortland, zibone iindleko ezisezantsi zezithuthi zabahlali.

Imigaqo enika uphakamiso ibalulekile. Obona buncinci bufunekayo bokumisa izithuba ezintsha ezinyanzelisa abaqhubi ukuba bafake uphatho lwemoto olukhululekileyo, ngeli xesha ukupakisha okuninzi kukhuthaza ukuqhuba kwindawo edlulayo. Izixeko ezihambela phambili zithatha indawo yophaka ngokugqithisileyo, okanye zifaka izithuba kumgca wokupaka imoto ukuze zibonise imfuneko, ezikhulula indawo yokuhlala zize zinciphise intshukumisa yokuhlala.

Umanyano

Ulwandiso phakathi koothunywashe abathuthayo neenkampani zabucala zingandisa inkonzo ngaphandle kokwenza uxanduva loqingqo-mali lukawonke-wonke. Imizekelo iquka ulwabelo lwebhayisekile kunye neeprojekthi zesithuthuthu, iinqwelo-moya ezincinane ezisebenzisa imimandla esezantsi, kunye nemisebenzi yokuphuhlisa apho abaphuhlisi bobuqu bakha izitishi okanye iipropati ezidityaniswe ukutshintshisana ngobunzima obuphezulu. Ulwandiso lufuna ulawulo olucokisekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukufikelela okulinganayo, kodwa xa lwenziwe kakuhle, banyusa ulwando nokunciphisa iindleko.

Ubungqina

Ulwamkelo lukawonke wonke olunentsingiselo lubalulekile ekwakheni uthutho olusebenza kwabo balusebenzisayo. Ngokwembali, imisebenzi emininzi yothutho yabekwa kuluntu ngaphandle kolwazi lwabo, ikhokelela kwiindlela eziphosa isiphelo esingundoqo okanye ezityeshela iimfuno zabantu abadala nabantu abakhubazekileyo. Imisebenzi yanamhlanje engcono iquka ukuphuma kweelwimi ezininzi, izixhobo zekhompyutha, iziganeko ezi-pop, kunye nentlawulo kumalungu asekuhlaleni athatha inxaxheba ekucwangciseni iibhodi. Amaziko afaka phambili amaziko avelisa iinkqubo ezinika ugxaso olunelisa uluntu kunye noomatiloshe olunolwano olunentoko oluphezulu nolunolwandiphelise uluntu.

Iintlobo Zothutho Lwasekuhlaleni Neingenelo Zazo Ezikhethekileyo

Asizizo zonke iindlela zokuthutha ezidalwe ngokulinganayo. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zisebenza iimfuno ezahlukeneyo, kwaye imigaqo-nkqubo yasekuhlaleni kufuneka ithelekise utyalo-mali nobunzima bobume belizwe nobunzima babemi bendawo.

I-Bis

Ibhusi yeyona ndlela ithambileyo nekhoyo kakhulu yothutho lukawonke-wonke. Zingabuyiselwa ngokulula okuthelekisayo, zizenze zilungele ukutshintsha indlela. Iinkqubo zothutho lwebhasi zangoku ezikhawulezayo (BRT) ezinendlela ezinikezelweyo, ngaphandle kwebhodi yokuqokelela, kwaye umgangatho wokukhwela ungasondela kwisantya nakumbilini wesiporo esikhaphu-khaphu kwisiqingatha sexabiso. Izixeko ezifana neCuritiba, Brazil, ne Los Angeles zibonise ukuba iBRT ingaguqula ukushukuma xa kuxhaswa yimithetho yezobupolitika.

Izixhobo Ezikhanyisayo Nezikhephe Ezisemgwaqweni

Umsele wombane unika umbilini ophezulu kunye nesantya kuneebhasi xa zibaleka kumalungelo akhethekileyo endleleni. Utsala abakhweli abangenakuthatha indlela okanye bangayihambi bangayihambisi inkqubela yezoqoqosho kwipaseji yabo. Kodwa ke, kufuneka utyalo-mali lwekomkhulu oluphezulu nonxulumano olulucokisekileyo nezinye iindlela.

Inqwelo - moya Enzima Nendlela Ezisezantsi

Iindlela ezisezantsi zinika umthamo ophezulu kunye nesantya esikhawulezayo kwiipaseji ezixineneyo zasezidolophini. Zisusa iitrafiki ezitratweni ngokupheleleyo, zidibanisa amadlelo ukuya kwimimandla esembindini weshishini. Imizekelo iquka iMTA yesiXeko seNew York kunye neMetro yeWashington. Ukwakha iintambo ezintsha ezihamba ngaphantsi komhlaba kubiza imali eninzi kakhulu kwaye kungenisa ixesha elininzi, kodwa iingenelo zexesha elide ngokwendlela yokuhamba namaxabiso omhlaba zingathethelela ixabiso.

Umgca Omfutshane

Umvalo osetyenziswa ngemigama emide phakathi kwamadlelo edolophu namaziko esixeko. Usetyenziswa ngabasebenzi abathatha uhambo olunye imihla ngemihla kwaye inokuba yindlela yexabiso ukuncedisa imimandla ephantsi. Imithetho exhasa ipaki- kunye neendawo zokuthutha iibhasi, iinkonzo zoomatiloshe, kunye nokudibanisa amakhadi nothutho lwasekuhlaleni inyusa ubunomtsalane bayo.

IiFerres kunye ne-Taxis yamanzi

Kwizixeko zonxweme okanye zomlambo, iintsimbi zinika umboniso okhawulezayo owenziwe ngohlobo oluthile kumendo ozeleyo. Zibaluleke kakhulu apho iibhulorho zilinganiselweyo. Iinkqubo zasekuhlaleni kufuneka ziqinisekise ukuba iitheminali zowezo zifumaneka ngenyawo, ngebhayisekile, nangoduladula, kwaye ezo ndleko zikhuphisana nezinye iindlela.

I-Micro-Transit kunye neeNkonzo ze-On-Demand

Inkonzo entsha, enjengeziphekepheke ezidityanisiweyo okanye amaqabane angaphantsi eenqwelo-moya, zizalise izithuba kwinkonzo yesithethe ejikelezweyo. Zingaphumelela kwikqutyana elisezantsi okanye kuhambo lwasemva kobusuku. Nangona kunjalo, abenzi bemithetho kufuneka baphephe ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zodula-bham ezizinzileyo okanye ukwenza iinkqubo ezimbini zokuphatha apho abasebenzisi bezixhobo ze-stavvy bafumana inkonzo engcono.

Iingxaki Zokuhamba Kubantu Bonke

Phezu kwazo nje iingenelo zayo, iinkqubo zokuthutha abantu zijongene nemimoya ephawulekayo efuna ukwenziwa kwemigaqo ecwangcisiweyo.

Ukuxhasa iintsinga kunye nojikelezo lokubulala lweTransit

Amaziko axhasa ngemali aneleyo anciphisa usetyenziso, anciphisa ukukhwela, okuthi ngokulandelayo kugwetyelwe ukunyuka. Oku kuthambeka okusezantsi kuxhaphakile kwiinkqubo ezixhomekeke kwimithombo yengeniso engaguquguqukiyo. ICOVID-19 efake olu tyekelo, njengoncedo lwemeko yongxamiseko lunyuse amaqumrhu amaninzi kodwa lungacombululi iintsilelo zemali ezingaphantsi kwesakhiwo. Imali enikezelweyo yexesha elide imithombo yemali eninzi (enjengerhafuthensi okanye irhafuthezo ezikhutshelwa ukunyuka kwexabiso-/iirhafuthefu yerhafu efuneka ukuphelisa umjikelo.

Umgaqo-nkqubo

Kwizithethe zemoto esembindini, ezothutho zikawonke-wonke zingajongwa ngokuphosakeleyo njengendawo yokuzihambela yokugqibela "kwezigqibo zokugqibela" kwabo bangakwaziyo ukuthenga imoto. Esi sikrobisa sicutha ukukhwela inqwelo-moya kwaye sinciphisa inkxaso yezopolitiko yezezimali. Amaphulo okuqonda uluntu abalaselisa ukunceda ukunceda, ukuthembeka, kunye neengenelo zokusingqongileyo zokuhamba anceda ekutshintsheni ingqiqo. Amabali empumelelo yokwenene, anjenge-RTDD okanye i-Nxulumaniso ye-Light Rail ka-Seattle, abonisa ukuba xa uthulo lwenqanawa luhamba ngokukhawuleza kwaye lusetyenziswa rhoqo, abantu bemilishwa bonke abafumana ingeniso.

Ukwaluphala

Inkqubo ezininzi zokuthutha, ingakumbi kwizixeko ezidala, zithwaxwa ngamashumi eminyaka yokuzigcina kuhlezisiwe. Izalathiso, imiqondiso, izitishi, kunye nezithuthi zifuna ukulungiswa ngokuqhubekayo. IAmerican Society of Civil Engineers inika izibonelelo zothutho icandelo leD. Ngaphandle kokubuyiselwa kohlobo olukhulu, ukuthembeka nokhuseleko oluninzi. Iinkokeli zezobupolitika kufuneka zimisele ulungiso lweziko lobomi ngaphandle kokwaphulwa kwenkqubo ezikhoyo.

Ukuswela Imisebenzi Neengxaki Zomsebenzi

Amaziko adlulisayo kulo lonke ilizwe azama ukuqokelela nokugcina abaqhubi, abakhandi, kunye nabathumeli. Imivuzo yokukhuphisana, iimeko ezingcono zokusebenza, kunye neeleli zomsebenzi ziyafuneka. Imithetho evumela umsebenzi wexesha elithile, ucwangciso oluthambileyo, kunye neenkqubo zoqeqesho zinokubanceda batsale abantu abasebenzayo abahlukahlukeneyo.

Ukhuseleko nokhuseleko

Abakhweli beenqwelo-mafutha kufuneka bazive bekhuselekile kwizithuthi nakwimida. Inkxalabo yolwaphulo-mthetho, ukungabi namakhaya, kunye nongxamiseko lwezempilo yengqondo kwiinkqubo zothutho kufuneka benze into enovelwano kodwa ephumelelayo. Izithethe ezandisa ubukho boonozakuzakuzo (kunokuba ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo abaxhotyisiweyo), ziphucule ukukhanya kunye neCCTV, zinxibelelane nabantu kwiinkonzo zoluntu zinokuphucula ukhuseleko ngaphandle kolwaphulo-mthetho.

Uhlolisiso Lwemeko: Indlela Imilinganiselo Yokuziphatha Yasekuhlaleni Eyiyo Impumelelo

IPortland, Oregon – Uphuhliso olu- Transit-Oriented Olwenziwe Ekunene

Urhulumente wengingqi yePortland, Metro, usebenzise imida yokwanda kwedolophu kunye nokuhlala kwindawo engqonge uphuhliso olulula kunye neentambo zoduladula. Inkqubo ye-MAX Light Rail, evulwa ngo1986, yalandelwa kukucwangcisa umhlaba ngenkathalo eyakhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezidityanisiweyo, imimandla ehambayo kufutshane nezitishi. Isiphumo sisixeko apho phantse i13% yabasebenzi basebenzisa uthutho, kwaye abaninzi baphila ngaphandle kokuba nemoto. Izifundo ezivela ePortland zibalase okokuba ungeniso lwezithuthi kufuneka ludityaniswe ngenkqubo exhasayo yomhlaba. Iinkcukacha ezininzi zingafunyanwa kwi umgangatho woMgaqo-ngatho Transtis Street Develoption Transrection .

IHouston, ETexas – Inkqubo Esetyenziswa Ebus

Ngo- 2015, isibonelelo se Houston's METRO salulungisa ngokupheleleyo uthungelwano lwebhasi ukusuka kwimodeli ye-drop-apply-hub ukuya kwinkqubo yegrid enobuninzi obuphezulu kwiipaseji ezingundoqo. Utshintsho olwandisiweyo lomsebenzi ukuya kwiindawo ezithe kratya, kucuthe amaxesha okulinda, kunye nonyuselo lwe-akhwelo lwenqanawa ngonyaka wokuqala, nangona kungekho lwandisiweyo kuqingqo-mali. Ubeko lwezibonelelo lwasekelwa kwigalelo loluntu oluninzi kunye nohlalutlo logcino-data, okungqina ukuba ngaphandle kwenkxaso entsha, iinkqubo ze-qhinga zinokuphucula inkonzo. Lo mzekelo uchazwe ngu [ transent [[FLT]]

ILos Angeles County – Imilinganiselo M Nemvukelo Yotshintsho

Ngonyaka ka-2016, abavoti beNtlanganiso yeLos Angeles bagunyazisiwe i-M, irhafu yesiqingatha se-isenti yorhwebo evelisa irhafu eqikelelwa kwiwaka lezigidi zeerandi ngaphezu kwama-20 lama-20 000 kwiminyaka engaphaya kwama-40 ukwenzela imisebenzi yothutho kunye nee-grand. Imali inceda ukwandisa inkqubo yeMetro Rail, imigca yeBRT, kunye nonxibelelwano lokuqala/okokugqibela nolunxibelelwano. Umlinganiselo wenziwe ngexesha elimisiweyo kunye noluhlu oluphambili olunika intengiso lwerhafu yabo iza kusetyenziswa njengesithembiso. Iziphumo zokuqala zibonisa ulwakhiwo olunezenyukekayo nolwano oluqalayo emva kweminyaka yokuwohloka. Ibonisa ukuba imali yonikezelo lwendawo, ikhuselwe ngenkqubo yedemokhrasi, inokuguqula ummandla okwindawo olungeleneyo yenqwelo-moto.

Amalungiselelo okuphucula uthutho lukawonke-wonke

Abantu banokusebenzisa iindlela ezininzi zokomeleza iinkqubo zabo zokuhambisa, kungakhathaliseki ukuba imeko yezobupolitika injani na.

IiBus Lanes kunye neBhasi ezizizo

Ukuseka iindlela zebhasi ezahlulwe ngokoqobo kwiinqwelo-moya, ukuzinyanzela ngeekhamera, nokunika iibhasi indawo yokuqala kwimiqondiso yendlela zinganciphisa amaxesha okuhamba ngama-20-40%. Le yenye yezona ndlela zixabisa imali eninzi ukuphucula inkonzo ngaphandle kokuthenga iimoto ezintsha.

Iinkqubo ezidityanisiweyo zokwehlisa inqanawe kunye nee-Hubs zokuthoba ingxinano

Imithetho eyenza ikhadi elinye lokuhambisa imali okanye iprogram yooduladula, oololiwe, izabelo zeebhayisekile, kwanopaksha isenza uhambo oluninzi lungabinamthungo. Izikhulu zehlolo--'polity's's's's's's. /iendawo apho iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zidibana khona/izenza kube lula ukufuduswa nokunyuswa kwenkqubo yesixokelelwano sonke. Izixeko ezifana neLondon neSingapore ziye zaqalisa ukuhlawula ngaphandle kwentlawulo kuzo zonke iintlobo.

Iinkqubo ze-preter Equity

Intengiso yemali ehlawulwa phantsi, ukugqithisa imali ngenyanga ngepesenti yengeniso, okanye uthutho olukhululekileyo lolutsha nabakhulileyo lungasusa imiqobo yemali. Izixeko ezininzi, kuquka iBoston neSeattle, ngoku zinika abahlali imali encitshisiweyo ngezantsi komnyango othile wengeniso, exhaswa ngemali enikezelwayo.

Umanyano loluntu lwenqanawa yokuqala/Okokugqibela

Inkonzo yokukhwela engaphantsi, izitishi ezincedisa iibhayisekile ezitishini zothutho, kunye neendawo eziphuculiweyo ezihamba ecaleni kwendlela kunye nendlela yebhayisekile zingandisa ukufikelela kothutho oluzinzileyo. Imithetho efuna uphuhliso olutsha ukunikela kwinkxaso-mali yeziphumo zesiphumo okanye izivumelwano zoluntu zingaxhasa olu qhagamshelwano.

Ucwangciso-Mbali woBume kunye noLwazi lweXesha lokwenene

Amaziko okudlulisela kufuneka apapashe ugcino-lwazi oluvulekileyo ngemiqathango, iindawo zezithuthi, kunye noomatiloshe abakhweli benqanawa. Oku kubonakalisa kakuhle kukhuthaza abaphuhlisi benkqubo ukuba benze izixhobo ezinceda abakhweli balungiselele uhambo. ulwazi olufikela ngexesha lokwenene ekumiseni kwaye ngemiqondiso yamanani lunciphisa ixhala kwaye lilinde amaxesha, kuphucula amava abathengi.

Ikamva Lothutho Lukawonke - wonke

Ubugcisa obudityanisiweyo kunye nokutshintsha-tshintsha kwentlalo kuza kuphinda kudlule kumashumi eminyaka azayo.

Ubuchule beenqanawa zokulwa

Amasebe amaninzi atshintshela kuoduladula bombane, abazolileyo, abacocekileyo, nababiza imali eninzi ukuba basebenze ngaphezu kobomi babo kunedizili. Umthetho wokuhlawula iindawo zokugcina impahla nakumali afuna ucwangciso olucokisekileyo kodwa lungadityaniswa kwimigca yombane ekhoyo kunye nemigaqo ekhoyo echuliweyo.

IVhihicles ezimeleyo kunye neMicro-Tansit

Iziphekepheke ezizifaka ngokwazo sele zivavanywa kwindawo eziphantsi, ezilawulwayo. Zinganika ekugqibeleni iindleko eziphantsi, kumsebenzi ophantsi kwimimandla ephantsi. Noko ke, ngaphandle kolawulo oluzisebenzelayo, izithuthi ezizimeleyo zinganyusa ukuxinana ukuba zisetyenziswe njengezithuthi zobuqu kunokuba zabelwe iinkonzo zikawonke-wonke. Izixeko zifuna iinkqubo eziqinisekisa ukuba ii-AV zisetyenziswa ukushukuma kohambo olwahlukeneyo kunokuba zisetyenziswe kuhambo olunye.

Ukukhotyokiswa njengenkonzo (MaaS)

Imigangatho yezithuthi edityaniswe ngeenketho ezahlukeneyo kwinkonzo yomrhumo omnye, evumela abasebenzisi ukuba bacebe, incwadi, kunye nokuhlawula uhambo ngemiboniso enqamlezayo nge-app enye. Le modeli ingadibanisa ngaphandle komthungo uthutho kawonke-wonke, isithuthi, isabelo sebhayisekile, nesabelo sesithuthuthu. Iprojekthi yesikhokelo eHelsinki nase Sydney ithembisa, kodwa impumelelo ixhomekeke kumaqumrhu agcina ulawulo phezu kwemigangatho elungileyo nengaphelelanga.

Ukungaguquguquki Kwemozulu

Isixokelelwano sodluliso masenziwe ukumelana neziganeko zemozulu ezonakeleyo", amaza obushushu, kunye nomphakamo wolwandle. Kwangaxeshanye, iipasethi zohambo lwasemva (ezinomsebenzi omninzi) zifuna iinethwekhi ezinceda uhambo kunye nohambo oluhambayo. Ukuchachana okungatshintshiyo kuthetha ukwandisa inkonzo kwimimandla ekwimbali ephantsi kwenkonzo, hayi nje ephakathi kwimbindini wedolophu.

Indlela Onokuxhasa Ngayo Uthutho Olulunge Ngakumbi

Abantu ngabanye banokuphembelela inkqubo yothutho yasekuhlaleni ngeendlela ezininzi eziqinileyo:

  • Intlanganiso zikawonke-wonke zebhunga lesixeko sakho, ibhodi yothutho, kunye nekhomishini yokucwangcisa. gqabaza ngeenguqu zenkonzo, izicelo zoqingqo-mali, kunye neeprojekthi ezintsha.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Ukuxhasa inkxaso-mali yemilinganiselo yenkxaso-mali [ evela kwiibhola zasekuhlaleni. Ulungiso oluninzi lothutho luxhomekeke kwirhafu yentengiso eyamkelekileyo okanye kwimitya.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Sebenzisa uthutho ngokwakho kwaye ukhuthaze abahlobo kunye nentsapho ukuba benze okufanayo. Inqanawa ephezulu ekhwele inqwelo-moya iqinisa imeko yotyalo-mali.
  • I-Ithiyeni okanye ukwenza iqela lothutho lokuhambisa kummandla wakho. Amazwi aqokelelayo athwala ubunzima obungaphezulu kunalowo ngamnye.
  • [[FLT: 0] Jonganisela amagosa akho anyuliweyo ngqo malunga nezinto eziza kuqala kuhanjiswa. Uthungelwano olubhaliweyo, ingakumbi amabali obuqu, lunempembelelo enamandla.
  • Ijenali yoluntu elikufutshane eligquma imiba yothutho. Uluntu olufundekileyo luxhotyiswe bhetele ukuba lugcine iinkokeli zinobutyala.

Isiphelo

Uthutho lukawonke-wonke lungaphezulu kakhulu kunento eluncedo `````Indlela yokuhamba'''' ijongene nokuphumelela komsebenzi kawonke-wonke ochaphazela impilo yemekobume, ukuchuma kwezoqoqosho, ukulingana, nomgangatho wobomi. Izigqibo zenkqubo eziwenziwe kumgangatho wobulali .imali ezibekw'endleko apho inkqubela ivumelekileyo, indlela abantu abahlala kuyo abafuna ngayo ukuphumelela okanye bangangaphumeleli. Ngokuqonda ukudibanisa inkqubo kunye nokhetho lohambo, abemi bangaba ngabaxhasi abasebenzayo kwingingqi yabo yezothutho olufanelekileyo olufanelekelelwe luluntu lwabo. Uhambo oluya kuhambo olungcono luqala ngolwazi, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwezentengiselwano yezentlalo.