ISihlalo soMgaqo-siseko seRaje Sabha

IBhunga laseRaje Sabba, okanye iBhunga laseUnited States, lifumana igunya lalo kwiGatya 80 loMgaqo-siseko wamaIndiya, eliwumisa njengegumbi eliphezulu lePalamente. Ngokungafaniyo neLok Sabhaha, enamalungu anyulwe ngokuthe ngqo ngabantu, uRaje Sabba amalungu anyulwe ngokungqalileyo ngamalungu eendibano zesizwe, uRajiya Sabha anyulwe ngamalungu anyuliweyo amaqela asekuhlaleni asekuhlaleni, athe athe afumana inkqubela phambili emakhaya, njengoko amazwe anegunya eliphambili kwezolimo, ilizwe elilawula ubugcisa, inzululwazi, ubugcisa, okanye inkonzo yentlalo. Ngalo ndlela unyulo lunika uRojeya Sabba umgangatho okhethekileyo woburhulumente okhethekileyo kunolawulo oluphambili lwesizwe kunokuba kufune ukuphuhliswa kwangoko ukuhambela phambili kwesizwe, njengoko amazwe alawula ulawulo oluphambili phantsi komGawula-siseko-siseko sesizwe. I-Sjanha isebenza njengemigosawulo yemeko yenkqu yamazwe alawula inkqum

Ubomi bobomi be Rajiya Sabba ukuba ngamalungu asemaphandleni — ixesha elineminyaka emithandathu lithatha unyaka omnye wesithathu namalungu athatha umhlala-phantsi nyaka ngamnye — linika inkqubela phambili yokuba igama leLok Sabha leminyaka emihlanu aliyichazi. Olu nyuselo luvumela uRajiya Sabba ukuba abandakanye neengxaki zokukhula kwamakhaya, ezifana nemveliso yokulima, izibonelelo zelizwe, kunye nentlalo-ntle, ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwemijikelo yonyulo. Amalungu akhula ngokunzulu kwimicimbi yasemaphandleni ngokusebenza kwasemaphandleni nangokuphikisana, enza iRajiya Sabba inqo yendawo yolwazi lwasemaphandleni amaIndiya. Le nkumbulo ibaluleke kakhulu ekuphuculweni kwemigaqo-nkqubo efuna ingqalelo eqhubekayo, njengamashumi eminyaka, njenge-Pradtadri Yadking (ulracrac) okanye i-Arackinggn

Indima yomthetho kuphuhliso lwasemaphandleni

Ukuhlaziywa Nokuhlaziywa KweeBhili Zasemaphandleni

I-Rajiya Sabba umsebenzi oyintloko wowiso-mthetho kukuhlola amatyala adluliselwe yi-Lok Sabba. Le nkqubo yokuhlola yasemaphandleni ayipheleli nje. Xa iLok Sabhaha igqithisa ityala elinxulumene nolimo, umhlaba, okanye umsebenzi wasemaphandleni, iRajiya Sabba ihlola icandelo ngokwemiba, isoloko ithumela kwikomiti ekhetha ukuhlolisisa iinkcukacha. Umzekelo, [[FLT: 0] iSibonelelo seSibonelelo sorhwebo neSikhundla, uMthetho, 2020[FLT] [FLT] othenjiweyo, udla ngokuqalisiweyo kwiimeko zeRajiya, apho amalungu athetha ukuba anyuke khona ngeziphumo zayo kwimpembelelo yalo-mafamanyeneyo, ukukhokelela kwi-amthematima, ukuzama i-manyuse-amthe-aaaaaa i-ethelced, i-aethel'iethemos, ngokufana ne-Actives.[2] kunye no-Ac.[2044] kunye no-Advolution, kunye no

IRaje Sabra ikwanamandla okuvelisa amatyala, nangona oku kungaqhelekanga. Noko ke, kwimicimbi ebalulekileyo yesizwe efuna ukuvumelana kwamazwe, iRaje Sabba isoloko ikhokela. Umzekelo, Imithetho elungileyo kunye neNkonzo (GST) ISivumelo, 2017[FLD:1] yaqala kwi Rajanya Sabhaha kuba yayifuna ukuvalwa kwemithetho-siseko kuba ifuna ukuvunywa kwemithetho-siseko yemithetho-siseko efuna imvume yomthetho-ogracties entsimini yeIndiya — ingakumbi kwigalelo lezezolimo ze-mafama, abarhwebi abancinane kwindoda eva, kunye namatyalifayina — zazidityaniwa kakhulu kumazwe ase-Rarrya Sabab, kunye namalungu amakhulu asekuhlaleni asekuhlaleni kwirhafu eentenezentene yerhafu ee.

Iikomiti Ezizinikele Kwimicimbi Yasemaphandleni

IRaje Sabra isebenzisa inkqubo yekomiti eyomeleleyo enika uvavanyo olunzulu lwemiba yokuphuhlisa kwasemaphandleni. Ikomiti enxulumene nePalamente ekwindawo ekumanyeneyo yoPhuhliso lwasemaphandleni kunye nePanchayati Raj yikomiti edityanisiweyo edibanisa amalungu amaqela alapho, kodwa umelo lukaRagya Sabha uqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wemeko yesizwe ulawula inkqeqele. Le komiti ihlola iimfuno zenkxaso zenkonzo yoBulungiseleli boPhuhliso lwamako, ihlola iindleko ezibhekiswe kuyo, kwaye ithatha izifundo ezinxulumene nezimeko zezindlu zasemaphandleni, ukusela amanzi, nobundyebo. Iingxelo zayo, ezifana noxandulo lwamashumi amabini anesibini eMahGanspalgn, ikhokelwe ekuphuculweni kwemigaqo ehlaziweyo, kuquka nokusetyenziswa kwemiqatha ephulweni kweprojekthi yeprojekthi.

Enye ikomiti ebalulekileyo yiKomiti emela ukuzibulala komlimi, i- kunye neziphumo zemozulu kwimveliso. Le ngxelo iRajiya Sabha ibalaselisa ngokwenani elikhulu ngenxa yomlinganiselo wemali yeRajiya Sabba enemvelaphi yobulimi. Le komiti iveze iziganeko eziphawula ukuzibulala komfama, ukutyala kwezezolimo, kunye neziphumo zemozulu kwimveliso yemveliso. Le ngxelo i-201 kwimali ye-FLT:2] UMicro Imali exhobileyo [, umzekelo, ikhokelela ekunyukeni kwemali ephumayo, ukusuka kwi-555 000 crroce ukuya kwi-51, inceda ngqo abalimi kwi-propatievents ezikhoyo. Le komiti inikela ingxelo, ngexa ingaboshekeliswanga kubunzima obukhulu, ngokokusetyenziswa kwe-gromente, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemithetho yezopolitiko, isoloko ukuphinda-enza kwakhona.

Umelo lwezilangazelelo zasemaphandleni

Isakhiwo somanyano kunye namalizwi asemaphandleni

I-Rajiya Sabba iqinisekisa ukuba ibalaselisa ukuba ngobuninzi babemi basemaphandleni abagqunywa zii-contitues zasedolobheni eziphakathi kwedolophu. I-United States efana no-Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Odisha, Madya Pradesh, kunye neRajasthan — ezinentsingiselo ebanzi yabemi basemaphandleni — banomfanekiso omkhulu kwiRajiya Sabbahha enxulumene nabemi babo kwiLok Sabbahha. Oku kungumthetho owenziwe ngengozi: kunika amaphondo amancinane kunye nabo banemibutho e-gragrian intetho ephezulu kwinkqubo yesizwe. Umzekelo, uRajiyahaha ilungu elisuka eSimanyalash Prashade okanye i-Utankankal inganyusa iimbambano ezinxulumene nemali, okanye ii-ethenwa zasemaphandleni, okanye ii-Adomsbans (eding) ezinokuthi zitshone nge-ogrobian'iebugromesss.

Amalungu atyunjweyo athe gqolo andisa lo mGaqo-siseko. Inqaku lama-80 loMgaqo-siseko livumela uMongameli ukuba anike amalungu ali-12 ubuchule kwimimandla efana noncwadi, inzululwazi, ubugcisa, kunye nenkonzo yentlalo. Uninzi lwaba baniminee lusebenzisa izikhundla zazo ukuxhasa imimandla yasemaphandleni e-Indiya — abasebenzi bezentlalo abanjengoSudha Murty (ojolise kwimfundo yasemaphandleni kunye nobuchule bezempilo) kunye nezazinzulu ezifana noGqr. M.S. Swanathan (uyise weMenguquko) usebenzise izikhundla zabo ukuxhasa iinjongo zasemaphandleni. Amalungu anezimo ezichuliweyo azisa iimpikiswano ezingezodwa, ubungqina obusekelwe kwingxoxo ephambili yengca, ezikhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwezoqoqosho kwesizwe, ukuxhasa ingcubango, ukuxhasa kwemali esemaphandleni, kunye nokulima.

Iyure yombuzo kunye nokuphendula kwegunya

IRajiya Sabba's Question Hour sisixhobo esinamandla sobuveleli basemaphandleni. Amalungu angabuza imibuzo ephicothiweyo (okanye impendulo) nengakhange ijongwe (ebhalwe) kubefundisi nakuzo naziphi na iinkalo zokuphuhlisa kwasemaphandleni. Le mibuzo igubungela uludwe olukhulu lwemixholo: isimo sonyulo lwasemaphandleni phantsi kweDeendardyardyay Gram Jyotia, inkqubela-Manta, iNyaka ebhaliweyo (iNqanda) kunye nenkqubo ebhaliweyo) ye-Yahoxa (Gramin), ukwenziwa kweSizwe saseLivalklihomes Mis, kunye nokuchazwa kwemiba yoluntu kusetyenziswa kwe-Ayman Bharat esemaphandleni. Abalungiseleli kufuneka baphendule le mibuzo kumgangatho wendlu, ukulungiselela inkcaciso neenkcazelo ezibanzi kuphela kodwa bakhuphe inkqubela-ndaba yasemaphandleni, kwaye basebenzise umzekelo we-Syhadab kwimigropt .

Ngapha koko, iRajiya Sabba isebenzisa iingxoxo ezifutshane zolwakhiwo, izigqibo zamalungu azimeleyo, kunye nokutsalela ingqalelo kwimiba yasemaphandleni. Isigqibo sabucala selungu esishukunyiswe yiRajiya Sabba lungu ngo 2022 ekufuneni umsebenzi woBulungiseleli Ohlukeneyo Wabafazi Basemaphandleni Basemaphandleni Ubuchule obukhokelela ekudalweni kwephiko elinikezelweyo kumsebenzi wophuhliso lwaseMadolobheni ojolise kwimisebenzi yamabhinqa. Ezi zinyathelo zibonisa indlela uRajiya Sabba, kwanabo bangengawo amalungu eqela elilawulayo, abanokuyilungisa ngayo inkqubo ngokubhalisa okuqhubekayo.

Ulawulo nohlolo lodweliso lwamakhaya

IiKomiti ZePalamente Nokutyelela Intsimi

I-Rajiya Sabra's uvelela umgama ongaphaya kweDelhi. Iikomiti zayo zithatha rhoqo uhambo lokuhlola iindawo zasemaphandleni ukuphunyezwa komgangatho womhlaba wocwangciso. Umzekelo, iCommettee kuMkhosi ongokwasemthethweni woLwimi (ezine-Rajishima Shabhacums) ezityelela amaphondo esizwe eJarkanbhan kunye ne-Chattigargarh ukuvavanya indlela izinto zokuphuhlisa asasazwa ngayo kwimizwana yelizwe lasekuhlaleni. [[FLT] [FLT]] Commettee kuMhla eNtshona Koloni yeSihla neSpoolmes, isebenzisa iziphumo ezithe ncam zemali ezithe xhathiweyo, ezithe zidityaneyo, ezithe ziquka iziphumo ze-Rajhabshab projectsssss kuvavate i-okties. Ingxelo ezithe amanqaku athe amanqaku athe ncam athe , athe , athe , athe

IRajiya Sabra Sabha iphinda ikwazise iingxelo zonyaka zemibutho yophuhliso lwasemaphandleni, iziqu ezizimeleyo, kunye neemisebenzi kawonke-wonke esebenzayo kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni. IBhanki yelizwe leLimokazi nelelizwekazi (NALT: 1], i-[FLT]] i-[FLT]] Cooral Coalfields [, i-[FLT] inguMbutho we-Dray'ood ] ye-Indiya [[[[FLT]]], kunye [FLT] ne-Central Coalfields eMilients eBalse[[ [okuchaphazela uluntu kummandla wemigodi) wonke ophantsi kwemali esetyenziswayondla, yaye esetyenziswa kakhulu yimali e-Rhaviesworket, kunye nakumazwe amabhinqa athenwa yimali.

Ukutsalela Ingqalelo Kwimida Yokuzalisekisa

Enye yezona ndlela zobuveleli zisebenzayo zeRajiya Sabha' yiNkqutyana yeNkxaso , apho amalungu angaphakamisa khona imicimbi engxamisekileyo yokubaluleka kwabantu ngaphandle kwesaziso sangaphambili. Imicimbi yenkqubela-phambili yasemaphandleni idla ngokubonakala kwintshukumo ezinjalo: ukuwa kwebrorho yasemaphandleni eBahar, ukufa kwabantwana ngenxa yokungondleki kakuhle eMaharashtra, ukungaphumeleli kwenkqubo yokusasaza uwonke wonke eRajapasthan. Ezi zintshukumo zibangela ingqalelo olukhawulezileyo kumaziko eendaba kwaye zinyanze urhulumente ukuba aphendule ngokukhawuleza. Umzekelo, ukutsalela ingqalelo kwizenzo zokuphumelela kwempucuko engcono ekwama-201 kwi-othemithemala e-machiza ePunb kukhokelela ekubukeni inkqubo yokubulala ii-michiza ekhuselekileyo phantsi kolawulo lwemichiza ekhuselekileyo kwiMilkiskican. I-Shayray'igney's.

Imizekelo engqalileyo yeRaje Sabha echaphazela uphuhliso lwasemaphandleni

IMahatma Gandhi Imisebenzi yasemaphandleni Iqinisekisa

IMGNREGA mhlawumbi ngumthetho obalulekileyo wophuhliso lwasemaphandleni obalulekileyo kwi-Indiya, enika isiqinisekiso esisemthethweni seentsuku ezili-100 zomsebenzi owenziwayo nyaka ngamnye kwikhaya lasemaphandleni ngalinye elinamalungu amadala asebenza ngokuzithandela umsebenzi wezandla ezingenamsebenzi. IRajiya Sabba yenza indima ebalulekileyo ekulungiseni lo Mthetho. Xa izivumelwano zalapho zaveliswa ngo-2004, iKomiti yeRajiya Sabba's Stan ephethe ukuPhucutha okuninzi koorhulumente, imibutho yoluntu, kunye nemicimbi yorhwebo. URajiya Sabhaha amalungu asuka kwiphondo lodamorrali afana ne-Pradesh kunye ne-Jajasan yaqhusan iqhutyelwa ukuququzelela ukulondoloza amanzi kunye nokuvikelwa kwemvula phantsi kocwangciso lwemiqathango yonyaka, ukusetyenziswa komdlalo lwamashishini osungulweyo, ukusetyenziswa kwemiqathango ye-Meya.

Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Gramin (PMAY-G)

I-PMAY-G, ejolise ekunikezeni izindlu ze-pucca ezinezinto ezisisiseko ezingundoqo kuzo zonke izindlu zasemaphandleni ezingenandlu, zenziwe kakuhle nguRajiya Sabha uphatho. Ngo-2017, iKomiti yeRajiya Sabba's kuPhuhliso lwasemaphandleni yafumanisa ukuba i-Union's quare comment yemali ye-62018,20 lakh kwimimandla ecacileyo yanele, ikhokelela kulwakhiwo oluphantsi lwexabiso eliphantsi. Ikomiti inconyezwe linyuswe kukudibanisa i-intengiso yemali yemali yeLiteral Labourbeurs. Urhulumente wamkela esi sindululo ngo-201818, unika ingeniso yemali eninzi ku-61. Lakh 30 kwimimandla engenanto engenanto ne-67. I-Syhabha enzima.

UAyushman Bharat – Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY) kwimimandla yasemaphandleni

Ngeli xesha uAyushman Bharat ephambili uyinkqubo yezempilo, impembelelo yakhe yasemaphandleni ibiyinkxalabo kaRajeya Sabba. IKomiti yeRajiya Sabha's kwi-Health and Family Welfare yahlola ukufikelela kwecebo kumakhaya ngo-202020 kwaye yafumanisa ukuba ngama-30% kuphela kwizindlu zasemaphandleni ezifanelekileyo zasemaphandleni afumene amakhadi azo eAyushman. Ikomiti yancomela ukuba i-sillliation yenkqubo yenkqeqesho, ukusebenzisa amaziko aqhelekileyo enkonzo kwisizukulwana samakhadi, kunye nokunxulumana nemisebenzi yesizwe yezonyango ye-National Health Mis Mission's yasemaphandleni. Urhulumente waqalisa uqhutlo khethekileyo kuma-201 ukuya kulwando lwasemaphandleni, okuphumela kulwando lwamakhadi angamashumi amahlanu eencwadi angamashumi amahlanu namahlanu eencwadi. I-Syabhab ichaza iimfuno zemisebenzi ye-mali ye-eeeeforeagrac aphakathi yasemaphandleni.

Inzuzo ethelekisayo: Raje Sabra vs. Lok Sabba kuPhuhliso lwasemaphandleni

IRajiya Sabba''s ekhethekileyo kunye nobude bobomi inika iingenelo ezahlukileyo kune-Lok Sabha ekubhekiseni kwinkqubela-phambili yasemaphandleni. Okokuqala, amalungu ayo awanyulwanga ngqo kwimizi yobomi basemaphandleni, enciphisa uxinzelelo lokunikezela ngexesha elifutshane, olubonakalayo 'ubuchule bokuyila ipropulist'. URajiya Sabba uyakwazi ukujolise ingqalelo kutshintsho lwexesha elide lwesakhiwo — olufana nolokutshintsha umhlaba, ulungiso lwezolimo lwentengiso, okanye ukuxhasa ukusetyenziswa kwemizimo zasemaphandleni — ngaphandle koloyiko lobunyulo olusemva kwenqanawa. Le nkululeko ivumela ukuqikelelwa kobungqina obuninzi, inkqubo esekelwe kwimo yendalo. Okwesibini, uRajyayahaha esekelwe kwimeko-ngamele ukuba amalungu alungele ukutshintsha-onke yelizwe lasemaphandleni.

Okwesithathu, indima yeRajiya Sabba ekukhuseleni izilangazelelo zikarhulumente phantsi kwenkqubo yorhulumente ikhusela ukuphuhliswa kwelizwe lasemaphandleni. Iinkqubo ezininzi zophuhliso lwasemaphandleni — ezifana no Rayshtsiya Krishi Vikas. kunye nePlatting Squalies [FLT] Pregs [FLT] Pregs [FLD:] SYM [FLT: 3] — zisetyenziswa ngamazwe, kwaye iRajiya Sabra iqinisekisa ukuba urhulumente ophakathi akangeneli kwi-Rogragoria. Le ngcali ice ijongenelo esebenzayo emakhaya, njengoko kumele ithetha ukuba inkcacitho ephakathi kurhulumente omtsha. Umzekelo, u-Rajya u-Syaha elungele ukuzama ukuzama ukuzama ukuqhuba imodensi ephakathi yombuso we-gatifomu-rajini ephakathi, onke amazwe azimeleyo, ngokoburhulumente azimeleyo, ngokoburhulumente-onke, kufuneka afunde ngokoburhulumente boburhulumente boburhulumente bo

Noko ke, iRajiya Sabba ayipheli imiqathango yayo. Unyulo lwayo olungangqalanga luthetha ukuba amalungu asenokungagunyaziswa ngqo ngabantu basemaphandleni, kwaye abanye abahlalutyi baphikisa ngelithi iRaje Sabha iye yaba likhusi kupolitiko oluthathe umhlala-phantsi, abantu abazizityebi, kunye namalungu akwiqela anyanisekileyo asenokuba akanazimvelaphi ezinzulu kwibutho lamaphandle. Ngaphezu koko, iRajiya Sabha ayinakukwazi ukusungula amatyala emali (kuquka uqingqo-mali lwaminyaka lemali), nto elinganisela amandla ayo okuphembelela ukuphuhlisa inkxaso yasemaphandleni ngqo. Noko ke, indima yayo ijongelwa, ukuvelela, kunye nomelo lwasemaphandleni luhlala lubalulekile.

Iingxaki Nendlela Engaphambili

Phezu kwayo nje iminikelo yayo, iRajiya Sabha ijongene nocelomngeni olukhulu ekuphumezeni inkqubela yayo yasemaphandleni. Okokuqala, ukuphazamisana kweziganeko zepalamente — ukungquzulana rhoqo, ukuphuma, nokungxola — iye yanciphisa ixesha elikhoyo lokuxoxa ngengxoxo encinci kumaphandle. Kwintlanganiso yama-2023 yemoans, iRajinya Sabranha Yanca yexesha lokuhlala kwayo elingaphezu kwama-50 [Fonta], elithe tye kakhulu amandla ayo okuxubusha ngeMission yempilo yelizwekazi] okanye i-Romatilitiom ye-S. Ngokufulthi ibonelele i-Prada [2] [impan, i-Mancancanca i-ka i-kaynca i-kayi-kayi-ya [inqa' ekwixesha elimiselweyo, [Foctive], i-Syuptions sy.Espell, ingu-ethe , i-empeethe ngqi yamalungu axham, isebenzisa i-ogcuance , njengoko isebenzisa

Ukuqinisa indima yeRajiya Sabba kuphuhliso lwasemaphandleni, utshintsho oluninzi lufanele ukucingwa. Esinye isicelo kukwandisa inani leRajeya Sabha amalungu avela kumazwe asemaphandleni amakhulu, ngaloo ndlela andisa ilizwi lawo. Enye ingumyalelo wokuba ikomiti yeRajiya Sabba eqhuba inkqubela yasemaphandleni iquke amalungu asemaphandleni akwimimandla yasemaphandleni anabemi abasemaphandleni abanokubaluleka kwabemi basemaphandleni. Isicelo sesithathu kukunika uRapya Sabha indima esesikweni ekuvunyweni kwemithetho yophuhliso nomthetho oyalunikayo, oyayayayayayayayayayayayayayayayayayayayamkileyo ngoku ibhaka ipala ipalame. Okokugqibela, ukuphuhliswa kwe-Alam la komiti ye-Amplamente kunye neentlanganiso ze-ofisi ye-ofisi yephondo — ngokuqinisekisa ukubekwa kolawulo olungqongqo lwexesha lokuhlala nokunikwa kwemiqatha kwemiqatha yemiqatha yesizwe.

Isiphelo

IRajiya Sabba ithatha indawo ekhethekileyo nebalulekileyo kwidemokhrasi yaseIndiya, ingakumbi ekuphucukeni kwelizwe lasemaphandleni. Indlela yayo yomgaqo-siseko — unyulo olungangqalanga, amagama akwiminyaka emithandathu, ukumelelwa kwesizwe, kunye nokubekwa kwengcali : ixhobisa ukubandakanyeka kwiingxaki zasemaphandleni, ngendlela eqinileyo, eqinisiweyo, nelawulayo. Ngemithetho, ikomiti, imibuzo, kunye nolawulo lwemithetho, oluchaphazela imigaqo-nkqubo echaphazela ubomi bamaIndiya akwizigidi ezingama-900. IRajiya Yahab , ingumqabela, i-MGNRE, i-YYY, inguAya-G, inguAyushman, kunye nezinye izikhephe zokuphuhlisa ezininzi zasemaphandleni, xa kuthengwa ukuphumelela okuluncedo, ukuphumelela kwecandelo lwayo olukhoyo lweekhompum, ukusetyenziswa kwe-ekhompume, ukusetyenziswa kwemeko eninzi. [enye i-Indiya:[iafyas, i-am, ingculogo, ingculo yondla, eluncedo kakhulu