Ukuqonda Amalungelo Akho Ngoxa Ubanjiwe Yaye Uzibopha

Xa ujongene nomthetho onyanzelisayo, ukwazi ukukhusela kwakho ngokusemthethweni akungombandela nje wemfundo ephambili kuphela, ingachaphazela ngqo iziphumo zetyala lakho. Amaxesha okubanjwa nokuvalelwa kwawo anzima, kodwa umthetho unika izinto ezizikhuselayo ezicetyiweyo ezilungiselelwe ukukukhusela ekunyanzelweni, ukuziqhatha, nokuxhatshazwa. Eli nqaku lichaza ezo nqanaba ngenyathelo, linikela ukhokelo olusebenzisekayo kwiimeko ezifanayo, kwaye lichaza indlela yokuqinisa amalungelo akho ngaphandle kokunyusa impikiswano.

Ukulawula ukubanjwa nokuvalelwa komthetho kusekelwe kwiSindululo sesine, seSihlanu, seSihlanu, seSinye neseshumi elinesine soMgaqo-siseko wase-U. Nangona iinkqubo zahluka ngokwesizwe nangolawulo lwamagunya, imigaqo engundoqo iyasebenza kulo lonke ilizwe. Ukuqonda le migaqo kuyakunceda ukuba ulungelelanise imicimbi namapolisa, wenze izigqibo ozaziyo, kwaye ukhusele izilangazelelo zakho ezingokwasemthethweni xa uthe wamiswa.

Umahluko Phakathi Kwento Oyibekileyo Nokubanjwa

Enye yezona zinto zidla ngokudideka kukuba uvalelwe okanye ubanjiwe, la magama mabini aneentsingiselo ezahlukeneyo ezingokwasemthethweni yaye abangela ukuba amalungelo ahlukeneyo afuneke.

  • [[Umthetho:0] Ukunyanzelisa ukumiswa koMthetho (ukumiswa koMkhosi): unyanzeliso lomthetho lungakuvalela kancinci ukuba urhanela ngokusengqiqweni ukuba ubandakanyekile kumsebenzi wolwaphulo-mthetho. Awukhululekanga ukushiya, kodwa oku akukabi lubanjwa. Kufuneka unikezele kumazwe athile, kodwa ugcina ilungelo lokungathethi ngaphaya kolwazi olusisiseko.
  • [[FLT: 0] Ukubanjwa kwenzeka xa amapolisa ekufaka kwintolongo ngenxa yesizathu esilindelekileyo sokuba wenze ulwaphulo-mthetho. Ngeli xesha, ukhuseleko olupheleleyo lwemiGaqo-siseko luyasebenza, kuquka izilumkiso zikaMiranda phambi kokuncinwa kwegunya.

Kungenzeka ukuba ukudibana kwakho nokungalawuleki kujika kube kukubanjwa, kungene ekubotshweni. Ukuqonda iingongoma zokuguquka kukunceda wazi ukuba umele uwasebenzise ngamandla kangakanani na amalungelo akho.

Amalungelo Akho Ngexesha Lokubanjwa

Ukunyanzeliswa komthetho kuyafuneka ukuze kuhlonelwe la malungelo, yaye ukusilela ukwenza oko kunokukhokelela ekucinezeleni ubungqina okanye ezinye iindlela zonyango ezisemthethweni.

Umele Uhlale Uthe Tyaba

IsiHlamlisi sesihlanu sikukhusela ekunyanzelweni ukuba ube lingqina elichasene nawe. Unelungelo elipheleleyo lokungavumi ukuphendula imibuzo ngaphandle kokunika igama lakho nenkcazelo esisiseko (kwimimandla emininzi). Ukusebenzisa eli lungelo akunakusetyenziswa nxamnye nawe njengobungqina bokuziva unetyala. Ukuba ukhetha ukuthetha, nantoni na onokuthi ingakwazi ukusetyenziswa enkundleni. Kunconyelwa ukuba uthethe ngokucacileyo, “Ndicela ilungelo lam lokuhlala ndithulile,” kwaye uyeke ukuthetha ngoko nangoko.

Ukuya Ekunene Kwindawo Entle

IsiHlanzi soHlaziyo seSithandathu siqinisekisa ilungelo lokunika icebiso elingokwasemthethweni xa ityala liqalile (umz., emva kokubanjwa okanye ukumangalelwa). Ngokuqhelekileyo, unelungelo lokucela igqwetha ngaphambi kokuba uphendule nayiphi na imibuzo, nangaphambi kokuba umangalelwe ngokusemthethweni. Ukuba awunakukwazi ukuhlawula igqwetha, elinye liza kumiselwa kuwe. Kufuneka ucele igqwetha lithethe ngokuphandle: “Ndifuna ukuthetha negqwetha lam.” Xa ucela igqwetha, lonke umbuzo kufuneka ume de lifike igqwetha.

Unelungelo Lokwazi Ityala

Kufuneka amapolisa akuxelele isizathu sokubanjwa kwakho ngexesha lokubanjwa kwakho okanye ngokukhawuleza njengokuba kusebenza. Oku kwenziwa ngamazwi okanye ngoxwebhu olukhohliweyo. Ukuba awuxelelwanga isizathu sokuba ubambe, buza ngqo: “Ndimangalelwa ntoni na?” Qaphela ukuba kwezinye iimeko, njengokubanjwa phantsi kwesiqinisekiso, usenokungafumani nkcazelo epheleleyo de ube udityanisiwe.

Ukujamelana Netyala Elifanelekileyo Nenkqubo Efanelekileyo

UMthetho-nkqubo weshumi elinesine ohlaziyiweyo uqinisekisa ukuba unelungelo lokusetyenziswa komthetho ofanelekileyo. Oku kuquka ilungelo lokuchophela ityala ngokusesikweni, inkundla yabachopheli-tyala engakhethi buso, kunye nokukwazi ukunikela ingxubevange. La malungelo asebenza kuyo yonke inkqubo engokwasemthethweni, kungekhona kuphela ngexesha lokuchotshelwa kwetyala.

Amalungelo akho ngexesha lokuzibophelela (Isiphelo sokuphumla)

Xa uvalelwe entolongweni, amalungelo akho ayaqhubeka ekukhusela ngoxa uvalelwe okanye uvalelwe entolongweni.Nangona ungakhululekanga ukuba uhambe, uhlala ukhuselekile.

Ukufumana Unyango

Ukuba wenzakala, uyagula, okanye unemeko yempilo ekhoyo efuna unyango, ukunyanzeliswa komthetho kufuneka kunikezele unyango olufunekayo. Ukungazikhathaleli iimfuno ezinzulu zezonyango kungenza ukwaphulwa koMphetho-mda wesiXhosa okanye weshumi elinesine. Ukuba ufuna uncedo lwezamayeza, cela uncedo olucacileyo noluphindaphindiweyo.

Unelungelo Lokuqhagamshelana Nomnye Umntu

Imithetho emininzi ikuvumela ukuba wenze inani elifanelekileyo lefowuni emva kokubhalisa intsapho, abahlobo okanye igqwetha. Eli lungelo lisoloko lilawulwa ngumthetho wesizwe okanye inkqubo yesebe lamapolisa. Ukuba awuvumelekanga ukwenza umnxeba, cela umphathi uze uphawule ukukhanyelwa. Kwamanye amazwe, une-actutory elungileyo ubuncinane kumnxeba omnye wasekuhlaleni.

Ukungaxhathisi Kumkhosi Ogqith ’ Emgceni

Ukunyanzeliswa komthetho kungasebenzisa kuphela amandla asengqiqweni phantsi kweemeko. Ngexesha lokubanjwa nokuvalelwa, unelungelo lokungathotyelwa kugonyamelo olubi, isohlwayo esinenkohlakalo nesingaqhelekanga, okanye iimeko ezingaqhelekanga. Ukuba uphantsi kwegunya eligqithisileyo, zama ukukhumbula iinkcukacha ``amanani ebhadge, amaqela, amangqina' kwaye unike ingxelo ngawo ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Kunene Kulungelelwaniso Olukhawulezayo

Emva kokuba ubanjiwe, kufuneka usiwe phambi komgwebi ngaphandle kokulibazisa okungeyomfuneko, okuqhelekileyo kwiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kwezingama-48 (iimpelaveki neeholide ezithe kratya). Oku kubizwa ngokuba yimbonakalo yokuqala okanye i-arhente. Kule ndlebe, uza kuxelelwa ngezityholo kwaye unikwe ithuba lokucela igqwetha okanye ibheyile. Ukulinda okungaphaya kwexesha elifanelekileyo kungacelw'ucelw'ingxaki nge-habeas corpus.

Ukucela Amalungelo Akho: Indlela Nexesha Lokuthetha

Ukwazi amalungelo akho kusisiqingatha sedabi, kufuneka wazi ukuba ungawacela njani. Amapolisa aqeqeshelwe ukuqhubeka ebuza nasemva kokuba uthandabuza. Ukuze uzikhusele, musa ukuthembela kwiingxelo ezingacacanga. Sebenzisa ulwimi olucacileyo nolungqalileyo.

  • Ukuthula: “Ndicela ilungelo lam ukuba ndithi cwaka. Andiyi kuphendula nayiphi na imibuzo ngaphandle kwegqwetha lam."
  • [[UMTL:0] Ukucela igqwetha: “Ndifuna ukuthetha negqwetha. Andiphenduli nayiphi na imibuzo de igqwetha lam lifike.”
  • Ukwala ukuphengulula: “Andivumi ukuphendla. Ndicela amalungelo am okuLandlwa kweyesine."

Xa ucela, uyeka ukuthetha, kwanencoko encinci okanye amagqabaza nje angathanga anokusetyenziswa njengobungqina. Ukuba amapolisa ayaqhubeka ebuza, ahlale athule kwaye akaphenduli. Musa ukuxhathisa, nokuba ukholelwa ukuba amalungelo akho aphulwayo, unokuthi abangele ukuba umangalelwe.

Ukuqonda Amalungelo EMiranda

Abantu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba amapolisa kufuneka afunde isilumkiso sikaMiranda ngexesha ababanjwa ngalo. Oko akuchananga ngokupheleleyo. Amalungelo eMiranda asebenza kuphela xa kuhlangatyezwana neemeko ezimbini: (1) uvalelwe (kungekho mvume yokuhamba) kwaye (2) uyancinwa (kubuzwa ngolwaphulo-mthetho). Ukuba amapolisa akananjongo yokukubuza, akufuneki ukuba anike iMiranda izilumkiso ngoko nangoko.

Izilumkiso ngokwazo zikhuselwe ngokweprocedtural, hayi ngasekunene lokukhupha imfazwe. Ukuba amapolisa awakwazi ukukunika izilumkiso ze Miranda akwakuncina, naziphi na iingxelo ozenzayo zingacinywa enkundleni yenkundla ngezantsi. Kodwa ke, ukunganikezi izilumkiso kuMiranda akukwenzi uzive uphulukezelo.

Nokuba amapolisa akafundi amalungelo akho, usenelungelo lokuthula nokuhlala uthule kwigqwetha. Musa ukulinda ukuba ufundelwe () qinisekisa amalungelo akho ngokuqhubekayo.

Ukwaphula Umthetho Okuqhelekileyo Ebudeni Bokubanjwa Nokuzigcina Ungekho

Phezu kwako nje ukuqeqeshwa nokubekwa kwemithetho, ukwaphulwa kwamalungelo kuyenzeka rhoqo. Ukwazi indlela eqhelekileyo yokuwasebenzisa kunokukunceda ubone xa amalungelo akho ephulwe.

Ukukhangela Okungekho Sikweni Nokupheliswa

Amapolisa adla ngokufuna isiqinisekiso esisekelwe kwisizathu esilindelekileyo sokuphendla ikhaya lakho, inqwelo-mafutha, okanye umntu. Abaphambukeli baquka isiganeko sokuphendla ukuze babambe, bajonge imbono ecacileyo, bavume, kunye neemeko ezicacileyo. Ukuba amapolisa akuphengulula ngaphandle kwesiseko esisemthethweni, nabuphi na ubungqina obufunyenweyo busenokucinywa. Ungaze uvume kuphengululo", okanye ngesenzo `ungakulungelanga ukuzibona.

Ukungenelela

Ukuxolelwa okubandakanya ukusongelowa, izithembiso zokungaxolelwa, okanye uxinzelelo lwengqondo olude lungaphazamisa amalungelo akho afanelekileyo. Ukuba unyanzelekile, oko kusenokungamkeleki. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba unyamezele ukuncinwa kangangeeyure ezininzi, cela igqwetha uze uyeke ukuphendula imibuzo.

Ukukhanyelwa Kwecebiso

Ukuba ukhanyelwe ilungelo lokuthetha negqwetha emva kokucela oko kukwaphula umthetho okunzulu. Nayiphi na imibuzo elandelayo kufuneka iyeke ngoko nangoko. Ukuba ubungqina bufunyenwe emva kokukhanyelwa, bungakhutshwa.

Inkcitho Egqith ’ Emgceni Okanye Inkcitho Engafanelekanga

UMthetho oLawulweyo wesiXhosa wesibhozo awuvumi ukuba ungenele ibheyile eninzi. Unelungelo lokufuna ukuviwa kwebheyile nokucelwna naliphi na ityala kunokuba uqinisekise ukuba ubuyela enkundleni. Ngokunjalo, awunakugcinwa ngokungenasiphelo ngaphandle kwetyala okanye ukuchotshelwa kwetyala.

Oko Umele Ukwenze Ukuba Amalungelo Akho Aphulwayo

Ukuba ukholelwa ukuba amalungelo akho aphulwa xa ubanjwa okanye uvalelwe entolongweni, umele ucebe ukuba ungenza ntoni.

  • Uxwebhu: Uxwebhu lwesiganeko: Bhala phantsi yonke iinkcukacha ngexesha isentsha. Quka amagama, amanani ebheji, amanani enqwelo-mafutha, iinkcazelo zabaphathi, ulwazi, kunye nendawo echanileyo kunye nexesha. Thatha iifoto zomonakalo.
  • Ubungqina obugciniweyo: Gcina nabuphina ubungqina obubonakalayo (umz., impahla ekrazukileyo, iirekhodi zezamayeza, ii-log zomnxeba). Ukuba wenzakele, funa unyango ngoko nangoko kwaye ufumane ikopi yengxelo yezamayeza.
  • Ukudibana negqwetha: Musa ukuzama ukusingatha ukwaphulwa kwamalungelo ngawe. Igqwetha lamalungelo oluntu okanye igqwetha lokhuseleko lolwaphulo-mthetho lingakucebisa ukuba uqalise intshukumo yokucinezela ubungqina, ukucela umonakalo ngaphantsi kwama-42 U.S.C. . . . . . . . . okanye ufaka isikhalazo kwicandelo langaphakathi lemicimbi yamapolisa.
  • Ifashoni yesikhalazo esisemthethweni: Inkoliso yamasebe amapolisa inenkqubo yokukhalaza yasekuhlaleni. Yazi ukuba uphando lwangaphakathi lungacotha, kwaye iziphumo ziyahluka. Izikhalazo zomanyano zisenokubekwa kwiSebe lamaLungelo aManyano eSiviko.
  • Cwangcisa inyathelo lomthetho: Ukuba ulwaphulo lwalungachananga `````ngokugqithisileyo'''. njengokunganyanzeliswa, ukubanjwa ngobuxoki, okanye ukutshutshiswa ngolunya] ungakwazi ukufaka ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho lomonakalo. Igqwetha linokuvavanya iinzuzo zentengo yakho.

Iimeko Ezikhethekileyo: Xa Amalungelo Esenokuhluka

Iintlobo ezithile zokubanjwa zithwala imithetho eyongezelelekileyo okanye imiqathango kumalungelo akho. Kubalulekile ukuqonda le ntsingiselo.

DUI / DWI Iyamisa

Ukuba uyekile ukukrokra ngokuqhuba phantsi kwempembelelo, imithetho iyahluka ekubambeni okuqhelekileyo. Ungacelwa ukuba wenze uvavanyo lokunganxili kwibala okanye usebenzise i-aflyzer. Ngaphantsi kwemithetho echaziwe, ukwala uvavanyo lwemichiza kungaphumela ekuzifakeleni imvume ezenzekelayo, nokuba kamva ukhululwe. Noko ke, usenalo ilungelo lokuhlala uthulile. Ungalivumi igqwetha phambi kokuba uvume ukusela okanye ukusebenzisa iziyobisi.

Ukubanjwa Kogonyamelo Ekhaya

Amaphondo amaninzi anemigaqo-nkqubo enyanzelisayo yokubamba kwimicimbi yogonyamelo lwasekhaya. Ukuba amapolisa aphendula kwingxwabangxwaba yasekhaya, asoloko kufuneka abambe umchasi ophambili, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ngubani owabizayo. Unamalungelo afanayo nawo nawuphi na omnye umkhobo, kodwa lumke ukuba ungagcinwa “ukungabikho kwexesha” eliyimfuneko. Qhagamshelana negqwetha ngoko nangoko, njengoko izityholo zogonyamelo lwasekhaya zithwala iziphumo ezikhethekileyo ezifana nemiyalelo ekhuselayo kunye nokuphulukana namalungelo emipu.

Ukubanjwa Okuchaphazela Ukufuduka

Ukuba awungommi wase-U.S., ukubanjwa kungaxhokonxa iziphumo zokufuduka. Unelungelo lokuqhagamshelana ne-console. Musa ukusayina nawaphi na amaxwebhu anxulumene nokufuduka ngaphandle kwegqwetha. Ukwanelungelo kwigqwetha elikwimicimbi yolwaphulo-mthetho, kodwa kwinkundla yokufuduka, kufuneka unikezele ngokwakho. Ukuba ubanjwa yi-Immigration kunye ne-CORMEncement (ICE), cela ukuthetha negqwetha uze ungaphenduli imibuzo ngemeko yakho ngaphandle kwecebiso elisemthethweni.

Ukubanjwa Kwabo Babelapho

Ukuba ubanjwa kwisiqinisekiso esibalaseleyo, unelungelo lokubona isiqinisekiso nokuqinisekisa usebenziso lwaso. Isiqinisekiso kufuneka sisekelwe kwisizathu esilindelekileyo kwaye sityikitywe ngumgwebi. Ukuba amapolisa akubamba kwisiqinisekiso esicacileyo esiphosakeleyo okanye esiphelelwe lixesha, ungakucel ’ umngeni kwimbonakalo yakho yokuqala yenkundla.

Indima Yomelo Olusemthethweni

Ukuba negqwetha elinobuchule yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ekukhuseleni amalungelo akho ukutyhubela ukubanjwa nokuvalelwa. Igqwetha linokuthi:

  • [[UMTL: 0] Bangakunceda ugqibe ukuba ungaphendula imibuzo okanye uhlale uthulile.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Amalungelo akho ayahlonelwa: Bangangenelela ukuba amapolisa adlula, kwaye bangafaka iifayile zentshukumo ukucinezela ubungqina obufunyenwe ngokungekho mthethweni.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Ibheyile ye-Negotiate okanye ukhupho: Igqwetha lingaphikisana ngebheyile esezantsi okanye ukhupho lwangaphambili ngaphandle kweemeko.
  • Ukukunika enkundleni: Baza kukulungiselela ukuzikhusela kwakho, bacel ’ umngeni ummangalelwa, kwaye bathethele ngeziphumo ezingcono ezinokwenzeka.
  • iisuti zefayile zoluntu ukuba kuyimfuneko: Ukuba amalungelo akho aphulwe, igqwetha lingafuna imbuyiselo okanye isiqabu esingeyomfuneko.

Ungalithathi lula ixabiso legqwetha kwanakwimeko ezibonakala zincinane. Ingxelo yolwaphulo-mthetho, kwanaxa kusenziwa impazamo, ingachaphazela umsebenzi, indlu, kunye nokunika ingcebiso.

Oovimba bolwazi oluthe vetshe

Ezi zixhobo zilandelayo zinika ukhokelo olusemthethweni noncedo olugunyazisiweyo:

  • [[FLT: 0] Inkululeko yengingqi yeAmerican (ACLU): [[FT:2] Yazi Amalungelo Akho: Ukuba Unqanyulwe ngamaPolice – izikhokelo ze Concise zokudibana nokugcinwa komthetho.
  • Abaxhasi bomthetho besizwe Guilld: UNLG Izibonelelo zabasebenzi abasemthethweni – inkxaso engokwasemthethweni kunye noovimba bokhuselo abajoliswe kukhuselo.
  • [[UMTL:0]U.S. Isebe lamaLungelo eSihlalo soMsebenzi woMsebenzi: [[[FT:2]] AmaLungelo eCivil Ulwahlulo[ – izikhalazo zefayile malunga nehambo engafanelekanga nocalucalulo.
  • [[FLT: 0] IINkxaki zomthetho: [[FT:2] Indlela Iinkundla ezisebenza ngayo: Ukubamba – Inkcazo ye-ABA yenkqubo yokubamba.

Iingcinga Zokugqibela

Ukwazi amalungelo akho asemthethweni ngexesha lokubanjwa nokuvalelwa akuthethi ukuba ufanele ukhuselwe; kukuzikhusela kwinkqubo enzima nesoyikisayo. Eyona ndlela ingcono kukuhlala uzolile, ugxininise amalungelo akho, ungathethi ngokukhululekileyo, ufune icebiso elingeyomfuneko kwangoko kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Nangona kungekho mntu ulindele ukubanjwa, ukulungiselela kunokwenza umahluko phakathi kwenkqubo elungileyo nemiphumo engekho bulungisa.

Ukuba ukhe wakwimeko apho amalungelo akho esengozini, khumbula: Awuwedwa. Imibutho yoncedo olusemthethweni, abakhuseli boluntu namagqwetha obuqu akhona ukuze akuncede uqhube indlela. Umthetho ungasoloko usebenza ngokugqibeleleyo, kodwa izixhobo zokuzikhusela zikhona, kufuneka ukwazi ukuzisebenzisa.