IGreen Party yaseJapan, eyaziwa ngokobulali njenge Midori no Kai (IiGhana), ibingumandla asebenzayo ezobupolitika akhuthaza ukulondolozwa kwendawo engqongileyo, ubulungisa bentlalo kunye noxolo ukususela ekuyinjweni kwayo. Ngelixesha iqela lihlala lingumdlali omncinane eJapani odla ngokuqhelekileyo, i-tragoriory yalo inika uhlolo olubonisa indlela eluhlaza ngayo imicimbi yezobupolitika enokuthi ifumane igatya kwilizwe elinezithethe ezinamandla zemizi -mveliso kunye nenkqubo yecandelo amabini aqinileyo. Ukuqonda ukusebenza kokhetho lwamaGreens eJapan kunika uluvo olubalulekileyo kwinkxaso-oglover elungele ukuxhasa inkqubo yendalo kunye nemiqobo ejongeneentla ejongene nemidabini yesithathu kwicandelo lezakhiwo eJapan.

Imeko yembali kunye nokumiliselwa

IGreen Party yaseJapan yasekwa ngokusemthethweni ngo-2008, ivela kumaqela asekuhlaleni okungqongileyo, abaxhasi bezixhobo zokusingqongileyo, kunye nabemi abahambela phambili abafuna ilizwi elahlukileyo lezobupolitika ngaphandle kweLiberal Democratic Party (LDP) kunye neDDEmocratic Party yaseJapan (DPJ). Imigaqo yeqela elisekweyokusungula yagxininisa ukulondolozwa kwemekobume yendalo, idemokhrasi, idemokhrasi engenamkhosi, nentlonelo ngeyantlukwano efana neyamaqela aluhlaza ehlabathini lonke.

IJapan yayibone intsebenziswano zangaphambili eziluhlaza, njengoManyano oluLuhlaza kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zasekuhlaleni, kodwa ezi migudu aziphumelelanga ukulahla ilahle kwiqela elaziwayo kwisizwe. I-2009 kunye ijolise ekudaleni ugqatso olumanyeneyo olukwaziyo ukukhuphisana ngonyulo oluninzi. Amanani aphambili aquka Ama-Ayoki, umxhasi wemekobume besizwe, kunye no-Incictrato Kimura , owazisa amava avela kwimibutho yabemi eKyo. Ngaphandle koko kusungulwayo, iqela eliphezulu, eliqala ngomelo oluncinane, nolungathwalishwa oluncinane.

Ixesha lokusekwa kweqela lalibalulekile. Ingxaki yemali yehlabathi lonke ka-2007-2008 yayilugungqisile ukholo kulawulo lwezobukhepitali olungathintelwayo, kwaye iJapan yayingquzulana “neshumi leminyaka elilahlekileyo”. Kodwa inkxalabo yemekobume yayisele ingekho ngqiqweni kwintetho enkulu yezobupolitika. I-LDP, nangona ezinye zazikho kwizixhobo ezinamandla, yahlala inxulumene kakhulu noshishino lwamandla enyukliya kunye noshishino olunzima.

Inkqubo Elawula Ietelectoral YaseJapan Nempembelelo Yayo Kwimimandla Encinane

Ukuze kuqondwe ukusebenza kweGreens, umntu kufuneka aqwalasele inkqubo entsonkothileyo yokhetho lwamaJapan. Indlu yabameli (indlu engezantsi) isebenzisa inkqubo exubeneyo yelungu lephondo elinamalungu angama-289 kunye nezihlalo ezilinganayo ezingama-176 (i-PR) kwimimandla eli-11 yengingqi. Indlu yeBhunga (indlu ephezulu) inezihlalo ezili-14/i-PR ezinyuliweyo ngoluhlu lwe-PR kunye nezihlalo ezili-100 kwimimandla esekelwe kwi-ofisi enye, ezinye iziqengqeshe ezinemivonti eninzi).

Le nkqubo ixhasa kakhulu amaqela amakhulu anokufumana abavoti kwilizwe lonke kunye nomyalelo ozinzileyo. Amaqela amancinane afana neGreens ajongene neemiqobo enzima: kufuneka bame ezindaweni ezifanelekileyo ukuze bafumane izihlalo zePR, kodwa basoloko bengenamali kunye nentlangano yokufumana intsebenziswano kwimimandla enye. umqobo [5%] kwizihlalo zePR kwindlu esezantsi", okanye ukungahlali phantsi kwesihlalo ukuba baphule phantsi kwe-PR, kodwa basoloko bengenamngeni weqela elikwingingqi ekwindawo ephantsi kweyo, ngoko ke, iiGreens azifane zifikelele ekuphumeleleni kwisihlalo sesizwe, nangona bekhe intsika yemiqobo yasekuhlaleni apho umqobo kunye nee-meternee.

Ubuchule bokhetho lwesizwe: Uhlalutyo olunenkcukacha

Indlu yabameli yowama-2009

IGreens yakhuphisana nonyulo ngokubanzi lwangowe-2009, olwathi lwabona uloyiso olungokwembali lwe-DP ku-LDP. Abahlali beGreens bafumana intsebenziswano kwisithili esimbalwa kwaye bahamba noluhlu lwePR kwingingqi enye. Uvotelo lwabo lwazwenibanzi lwalungaphantsi kwe-0.1%, kwaye abazange bafumane zihlalo. Olu nyulo lwalawulwa yiqonga le-DPJ yenkcubeko yezoqoqosho nentlalo, kwashiya igumbi elincinci lokuthumela intlalobume. Sekunjalo, iqela lafumana amava aluncedo.

Indlu yabameli

Unyulo lonyaka ka-2012 lwenzeka kwiinyanga ezimbalwa emva kwentlekele yenyukliya yaseFukushima Daiichi (kaMatshi 2011). Umsindo woluntu nxamnye namandla enyukliya wawumkhulu, kwaye intshukumo ezichasene nenyukliya zanda. IGreens inethemba lokusebenzisa olu tshintsho. Bafaka amabhaptiza amaninzi kwaye basebenzisa iPR kwimimandla emininzi. Kodwa, i-Japan Renation Partion Par [ i-[FLT] kunye [[FLT]] neqela elingaphambili leJapan [ ithabathe kakhulu ivoti elwa ne-cutting, kunye ne DP’s esekhohlo. UGenewP' ulwahlulo lwase lwamkela malunga ne-0. UGreenter ulwando olunamandla oluthe kratya u--ede kwi-Greevelve.

2017 Indlu yabameli

Njengoko kuphawulwe kwinqaku lokuqala, unyulo lonyaka wama 2017 lwabona unyuko oluncinane ku-0.5% lwevoti. Olu nyulo lwalungaqhelekanga kuba olu nyulo lwasandul' ukusekwa [[FLT: 0]] uParty weSihombo [ [luyilwe ngu Yurikoike] nolu- i-Constialigational Party of Japhal [ [CDP]]) yahlula abangeni-mthetho abaninzi abazimeleyo kodwa babaleka eP. [[5] Inani lamalungu abonisa ukukhula kwemozulu nokungalungiyo kwengingqini esemaphandleni, eselula. Noko ke, iqela aliphumelelanga CDP, ezinye iinkqubo ezidityaniswe kwiplatimenti eluhlaza, ezidityaniyo, ezibona uGreyidiza i-Greyithi.

2021 Indlu yabameli

Unyulo lwendlu olusezantsi kakhulu ngo-2021 lwabona iGreens ye-PR yehla ifikelela malunga no-0. Unyulo lwagqunywa yisifo se-COVID-19 kunye noluhlu lwe-PDP oludumileyo lukaNkulumbuso Yoshihide Suga (emva luthathe indawo ngu Fumio Kisida). UGreens walwa nzima ukuchaza umyalezo owahlukileyo ngaphaya kolawulo lwemekobume, kwaye ukubonakala kwabo kwahlala kusezantsi. Noko ke, bakha uluhlu lwe-PR kunye noluhlu oluncinci [[[FLT: 0] i-New Socialist Party kumaqela athile, kodwa oku akuzange kuveze izihlalo. Ukungaphumeleli kokrwe 2% 5% 5% uklot trans oluthe trans.

Indlu yamaBhunga: 2010 ukuya kuma-2022

Unyulo lwendlu ephezulu, olubanjwe rhoqo emva kweminyaka emithathu kwisiqingatha sezihlalo, lunika indawo entle kancinci ngenxa yokuba inkqubo yePR isebenzisa uqhagamshelwano lwelizwe lonke ngomnyango osezantsi (malunga ne-2% yovote yesizwe lungakhupha isihlalo ukuba umgangatho weqela eliza kunyulwa ugxininiswa). Ngo-20222, izabelo zazo zithe zatshona kwindlu ephezulu ukususela ngo-2010. Ngo-2019, zafumana malunga no-0.6% we-PR-enovota engcono kakhulu yesizwe ukufikelela kumgama ophezulu wesihlalo (umqobo omalunga nonyaka ka-1.2.5%, izabe zithe faka isabelo sazo kwi-0.5% phakathi kwemibalo encinane nenkcubango yezoqoqosho. Iqela likwafumene ne-PUredioctive-199, kodwa lingena mpumelelo.

Umlinganiselo jikelele kulo nonyulo lwesizwe ucacile: ukukhula okucothayo ukusuka kumgangatho ongaphantsi kwe-1% ukuya kumgangatho ongaphantsi kwe-1%, kodwa akukho mpumelelo iphunyezo. IGreens ihlala ililungu elingumchaphazeli kwezobupolitika zesizwe, kodwa inkxaso engaguquguqukiyo, nangona incinane, ibonisa isiseko esinyanisekileyo sabavoti abanolwazi ngemekobume.

Unyulo Lwasekuhlaleni: Impumelelo Yokwenene

Ngoxa iziphumo zesizwe zidimaza, iiGreens ziphumelele kwimpumelelo enenjongo kumasipala nakumgangatho wezoburhulumente. Unyulo lwasekuhlaleni eJapan lusoloko luxhomekeke kunxulumano lobuqu, unxulumano loluntu, kunye nodumo olululo, ngezantsi kwento enokuthi ithintele ukunqongophala kwemitshini kunye nenkxaso yemali.

IBhunga lesiXeko kunye neZingqungquthela zeNdibano

IGreens ibambe izihlalo kwizixeko ezininzi ezinkulu, kuquka ekoya, Tokyo (ingakumbi kwi Setagaya ne Nerima igumbi), [[FLT:]][FOM]][4][FOTYMA]][[FLT]], [inani elincinci], [[FOLT] uNaya [[[FTY:7], [[FLT] kunye Faka] . [ngee-2024], babenenani elincinane lebhunga lasekuhlaleni, kodwa elikhulayomeleleyo. La mabhunga athene ngokuphumelelayo amandla, iplastiki, kunye nohlobo oluncinane lokuhlaziya, udidi lwebhumbululo, uhlane, ulwelo oluphezulu lwebhulongwe oluncinane olusebenzisa uhlaza uhlaza uhlaza uhlaza.

Iindibano eziqhelekileyo

Kumgangatho womlawuli wolawulo, iGreens ibamba izihlalo ezimbalwa kwimimandla eqhubekekayo enjengee-unity shoreas njenge-U.S. ivelise imivulo yabantwana abachasanayo nabanxibelelana nemekobume noxolo namalungelo abomthonyama. [FLT]] Okinawa[. Iingingqi zeli yezobupolitika zase-Okinawa, ezilawulwa kukuchaswa kwe-U.S., zivule izivulo eziluhlaza ezinxulumene nobume bendalo kunye namalungelo abomda. Ngo-201818, umkhuphindiswanothi wanyulelwa kwiNdibano yexesha elingaphambili kwiqongagcina ukhenke oluzinzileyo kunye namandla ahlaziyayo.

IRhuluneli Nohlanga LwamaMayoral

AmaGreens akakawisi mvume okanye umlawuli womkhosi, kodwa aye axhasa kwaye axhasa abaza kuhambela phambili kwizizwe eziliqela. Umzekelo, kunyulo lwe-2021 eTokyo gabernarian, iGreens yaxhasa ukuzimela Kenji Utsunomiya, owayesakuba ngumongameli weQumr, owayeqhuba kwimida yemozulu. Nangona waphulukana no Yuriko Koike, iphulo laphakamisa ukubonakala kweGreenlands phakathi kwevoti yaseTokyo.

Le mpumelelo yasekuhlaleni ibalulekile kuba ibhala ingxelo yolawulo kwaye ivumela iqela ukuba libonise ukuba iinkqubo eziluhlaza zingasebenza ekusebenzeni. Ngaphezu koko, ababhunga basekuhlaleni basoloko besebenza njengeebhodi zexesha elizayo zobunyani besizwe kwaye banceda ekulondolozeni inethwekhi yamavolontiya.

Iziphumo Zokusebenza

Imiphumo YeFukushima Nezobupolitika Zenyukliya

Intlekele yaseFukushima yayilixesha elichithwayo lokwenza izinto zendalo eJapan. Ngaphambi kowama-2011, amandla enyukliya anikezelwa malunga nama-30% ombane waseJapan, kwaye inkqubo karhulumente “yanika iNyukliya” yaba nenkxaso kawonke-wonke. Emva kokuncitshiswa kweminye imitha emithathu, uluvo lukawonke-wonke lwaguquka ngokuphawulekayo: uninzi lwabasebenzi abachasanayo. AbaGreents, njengabameli bezixhobo ezizinzileyo zokulwa nombane, babona unyuso lwenzala. Noko ke, amaqela amakhulu akhawuleza afaka ingcelele le ngxaki. Emva kokunquma kwemida, aphinda aqalise kwakhona phantsi kwemimiselo engqongqo. I-CDPP yamkela ngobulumko echasene nezixhobo zezixhobo zenyukyubhusayithi. Ngenxa yoko, amandla enyukyukl-oklton ayayeka ukuba ahlula inkcelele ityala ye-Greeaww, inkceneeee yokuxhasa kwempilo, inkcubezo yenkcubezo yezelo yoshishino yoshishino yoshishino yoshishino

Utshintsho Lwemozulu Nokwahlukana Okuqhelekileyo

Ukuchanabeka kwemozulu egqithisileyo eJapan (iityphoon, i-heatwaves, izikhukula) kuye kwaguqula imozulu, ingakumbi imimandla yasedolobheni encinane. Kwizixeko ezifana neTokyo, Yokohama, ne-Osaka, ukuqaphela ukuvela kweenyawo zekharbon, izakhiwo eziluhlaza, kunye nezinye iindlela zokuthutha abantu abatsha. IGreens inike ingqalelo kwimigudu yayo kule ndawo. Kumakhaya apho imimandla ye-omistittue, apho ukulima, ukuloba, kunye nokulima kulawula amahlathi kuxhaphake khona, ngamanye amaxesha imfazwe yeqela eliqela eli qela lixhomekeke kwimibhobhobho enk okanye kwimi yokulima eluhlaza eMelika.

Umanyano nokwakhiwa komanyano

IGreens izame iindlela ezahlukeneyo zombutho. Kwisizwe sonyulo, ziye zayila uludwe lwe PR oludityanisiweyo namaqela amancinane afanayo, anjenge iGumbi lobuSocialist kunye ne [[FLT]] Rainbow ne Greens [iqela lokuqala] [iqela]. La malungiselelo anceda amaqula kodwa akwabeka engozini umgangatho we Greentic. Kunyuko lwasekuhlaleni, maxa wambi asebenza njengeedwa okanye kwimisonto emibanzi, efana [FLT:] [FLT] [FLD]] [FFLD]] [5] [5] eboxpt trans ebon trans translate]

Enye intsebenziswano ephawulekayo yi Consitugal Democratic Party (CDP). ICDP, njengeqela elikhulu lenkcaso, iquke amanyathelo aluhlaza kwiqonga layo (umz., irhafu yekharbon, ine-zero-2050). IGreens iye yaxhasa iCDP kwimimandla enye etshintshiselanayo ngenxa yenkxaso yeCDP yeP yamalungu abo. Noko ke, olu nxulumano luquka i-CDP i-CDmmetal: inezikhuthazo ezincinane zokugunyazisa umphikisi omncinane, kwaye uGreenweneedla ngokukhutshwa ngqo kwiCDP njenge-LD. Olu mngcele lunamandla lunokuxhathisa amandla okukhula kwe-Green.

Ugqumo lwamajelo eendaba nokubonakala

Izixhobo ezinkulu zetheminali zamaJapan ($telenel system, amaphephandaba angundoqo njenge Yomiuri Shimbun kunye ] Asahi Shimbun[[FLT]]]]--------odjoliseka ekujoliseni kwimibutho emibini emikhulu kunye namaqela ayo angaphakathi. Amaqela afumana intlupheko encinane ngaphandle kokuba adale uqhushululu. Iingquthela ze Greens zinqabile. Ingqungquthela nezicelo zemithetho yokucinezela zisoloko zingahoywa. Le mithombo yesixhobo sokugcina ulwazi ingumqobo ingumqobo. Iqela lingumqobo kwisakhiwo yokwakha. Iqela lixhomekeke kakhulu kumaziko entlalo, amancinane ahlukeneyo, kunye negama elingeyodwa eliphakathi kwi-''''''''''. Jonsony.

Ubuchule bokwenza intsebenziswano noovimba

IGreens isebenza kuqingqo-mali lwezihlangu. Amalungu afanele ukuqokelelwa kunye namaphulo amancinane eminikelo athelekelelwayo. Abanakukwazi ukuthenga urhwebo oluninzi, abacebisi abangoogcisa, okanye imisebenzi emikhulu. Ukubhalisa kwabo kulinganiselwe: amalungu amaninzi angamatsha - ntliziyo anemisebenzi yexesha elipheleleyo. Oku kuthintela inani kunye nomgangatho wabatshate abanokuyisebenza. Ngokuthelekisa, i-LDP inemirhumo yemali eninzi nezivumelwano zoshishino-shishino; i-CDP ifumana inkxaso kwimibutho yempatho yempangelo.

Iingxaki Nemiqobo Ekhoyo

Umda osisikhewu kunye nobubanzi besithili

Umnyango wePR wesihlalo sePR kwindlu esezantsi (iipesenti zeqela elifumana naziphi na izihlalo zePR kummandla wengingqi) uphakathi kwezona zihlalo ziphezulu phakathi kwedemokhrasi ehambele phambili. Kwindlu ephezulu, umqobo we-PR usezantsi ngokunempumelelo (iqela lingawina isihlalo nge2% yevoti) kodwa lisesoyikeka kwiqela elivota ngaphantsi kwe-1%. Ngaphezu koko, ingingqi enye eninzi ixhasa i-LDP neCDP, isenza ukuba ingabi nako ukuphumelela kwi-Greens ukuwina isihlalo esiphezulu esingena siseko sasekuhlaleni esingaqhelekanga.

Ukukhutshwa kweGreen Policies nge-Ofesi enkulu

I-LDP, phantsi koMphathiswa weQumrhu uKishida, yamkela “inguqu eziluhlaza” (GX) yaze yathembisa ubundilele bekharbon ngo-2050. I-CDP ikwaxhasa utshintsho lwe-Green New Deal. Ngoxa ukunyaniseka kuyahluka, ukwenziwa kobugcisa bokuvakala koluhlaza ngamaqela amakhulu kwenza i Greens ibonakale i-redundant. Abathathi-nxaxheba abakhathalela imozulu bangakhetha iCDP njengesithuthi esiluncedo. Aba Greens kufuneka bazithelekise ngokugxininisa utshintsho olunzulu lwenkqubo: deth, inginist, i-miliast, kunye namalungelo abomveli.

Izithethe Zezobupolitika Nezorhwebo

Izithethe zezobupolitika zamaJapan zibalulekile, ukuvumelana, kunye notshintsho lolwandiso. Isicelo sikaGreens sotshintsho olugqithisileyo singathathwa njengesingekho ngqiqweni. Ngaphezu koko, abavoti abaninzi bayathandabuza amaqela amancinane ngokupheleleyo, bewajonga “njengeevoti ezibotshelelweyo.” Le ngcamango yafaka uqikelelo olu-$(reinfective) lucetyiswe lulungiso lweziteji------medissss. De ide i-Greens ibonise indlela ecacileyo yokufumana izihlalo, lo mqobo uza kuqhubeka.

Amathemba Nezincomo Ezifanelekileyo Zexesha Elizayo

Ukuzinzisa Kwindawo Eluhlaza Esemhlabeni Wonke

Amatheko aluhlaza eJamani, e-New Zealand, e-Austria, nakwezinye iindawo aye angena kurhulumente okanye afumana impembelelo ephawulekayo. Impumelelo yawo ingaphembelela amaJapan alwa nolwaluko. IGreen Goog [[FLT: 1] yezizwe ngezizwe] isenokukhuthaza amaJapan aselula ukuba akholelwe ukuba utshintsho olufanayo lunokwenzeka ekhaya. IGreens inokuba nentsebenziswano nezixhobo ezidityaniswe ngehlabathi ukuze yabelane ngecebo kunye nokunyusa imali.

Ukuqinisa iingcambu nokuphuma kwamakhaya

Iqela kufuneka landise ngaphaya kweenqaba zasezidolophini. Iingxaki ezifana nokukhuthuzwa kwezibulala-zinambuzane, ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi, kunye nokuhlaliswa kwabantu emaphandleni zilungele ukungenelela. Ukusetyenziswa kwemekobume njengendlela yokuvuselela uqoqosho lwasemaphandleni (umz., intsebenziswano ehlaziyekayo yamandla, i-eco-octives) zingaphumelela kumasimi okulima nakumaqela okuloba. Iprojekthi yePilots kwindawo ezinabantu abahlala abantu ingasebenza njengemizekelo.

Izizukulwana Eziselula Ezilukhuthazo Nezobundaba

Ivoti yolutsha lwaseJapan idume kakubi, kodwa ukuhlasela kwemozulu kukhokelwa ngamaqela afana imihla yexesha elizayo ixhobise abafundi. AbaGreen kufuneka bafake imali eninzi ekulungiseni amanani, kwi-intanethi yemfundo, namaphiko olutsha. Amaphulo amafutshane evidiyo kwi-Tik Tok kunye ne-YouTube achaza inkqubo yolwimi olufikelelekayo anokuvala umsantsa.

Umanyano olucwangcisiweyo ngaphandle kokuzincama

IGreens kufuneka iqhubeke ifuna ii-pacts zokhetho nge CDP namanye amaqela aphikisayo, kodwa ngamagama acacileyo akhusela udidi lwabo. Omnye umzekelo nguMbutho oLuhlaza wase-United States ukusondela: abaqhubi abakwizihlalo ezikhuselekileyo nabasebenzisa amatikiti okudibanisa apho kusemthethweni. EJapan, oku kungathetha ukubhekisa kwimiba yePR ngexa bexhasa iCDP okanye abaxhasi abazimeleyo kwimimandla enye etshintshisanayo kwiqonga kunye nezibhengezo ezimanyeneyo.

Ukwakha Ingxelo Ebonisa Ulawulo Lwasekuhlaleni

Isihlalo ngasinye sebhunga lesixeko siphumelele bubungqina bengqiqo. IGreens kufuneka ibhale impumelelo . njengenani elithe kratya lokuphinda isetyenziswe, ukufakwa kwelanga, okanye ukuvalwa kweplastiki, kwaye izenza zisasazwe ngokubanzi. Le mpumelelo yasekuhlaleni ingakha ukuthenjwa kwaye ibonise ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo eluhlaza iyasebenza kwaye iyathandwa.

Isiphelo

I-Green Party yaseJapan ithoba kodwa isebenza ngokucokisekileyo kodwa ingento encinane. Isuka ekubeni ingakwazi ukutshintsha imithetho ephantse iphele, ukuba incinane, isiseko sabaxhasi. Abaququzeleli bayo basekuhlaleni balungisa inkqubo yoluntu jikelele. Ngokuthelekisa namaqela aluhlaza eNtshona Yurophu, iGreens yaseJapan isekwinqanaba lokuqala lokukhula, inyanzeliswa yimithetho ekhethekileyo, ithelelwa ngusomashishini, ityeshelwa, kwaye inkxakene nezithethe zezobupolitika zokulwa nokutshintsha. Kodwa abaqhubi abaphantsi kwezoqhubi (/(clibothritine), ixhala lemizwano, kunye nomnqweno wokufuna abantu abaninzi. Ikamva lixhomekeke kubuchule bayo bokwakha izivumelwano, amandla olutsha, kunye nesigidi sawo sokunxibelelana inkxaso solutsha. Ukuba kunjalo, ukurhoxabelana kwayo ngentla, ukusetyenziswa kwe-demokhton, kunye noncedo oluluhlaza.

Iziqinisekiso ze-'FLT': Isebe lobumini bemicimbi yangaphakathi kunye nonyulo loNxibelelwano lunika iziphumo zesiseko sogcino-lwazi (https//wwww.soumu.go.jp/[[FLT]][FLT]]] [[FLT]]]; indawo yeQueda yaseJapan ([FLT]]); uhlolo olusuka ku [Foctives:] Jonal eS Studies [[FLT][FLT] [FLT] ] [iiiishmagentiase]); kunye nengxelo ye-Boycelkst BFog [ft //gnet]