Ukwazisa: Indlela Okhetha Ngayo Iinkokeli Zesizwe

Inkqubo yokunyulwa komongameli imela enye yezona nkqubo zintsonkothileyo neziyilwe ngobuchule ekulawuleni kwedemokhrasi. Kwiminyaka emine, izigidi zabemi zibandakanyeka kwiziganeko ezithi ekugqibeleni zigqibe ukuba ngubani oya kukhokela uhlanga. Ukuqonda le nkqubo akuthethi nje ngabavoti kodwa kuxhomekeke kuye nabani na oqwalasela indlela amandla aguquka ngayo kwiriphabliki yomGaqo-siseko.

Inkqubo yonyulo lomongameli waseMerika idibanisa ukuthabatha inxaxheba ngokuthe ngqo komndilili odumileyo kunye nomelo olungangqalanga kwiElectoral College. Le ndlela idibene ibonakalisa injongo yomseki yolwamkelo wempembelelo karhulumente namandla ovota. Umjikelo opheleleyo ukusuka kwizaziso zomtshato ukuya kutsho kubude obumalunga neminyaka emibini, obubandakanya amaqela ezobupolitika, oorhulumente, imibutho yamajelo eendaba, nezigidi zamatsha - ntliziyo.

Le sikhokelo siphula icandelo ngalinye elingundoqo lenkqubo yonyulo lomongameli, sichaza indlela abaza kuvela ngayo abathathi-nxaxheba, indlela abakhetha ngayo oomatshini babo, indlela olusebenza ngayo unyulo jikelele, nendlela iElectoral College egqiba ngayo ekugqibeleni ukuba ungumvoti wokuqala okanye umqwalaseli onomdla, ukuqonda aba bakhanyisi kunceda baqonde umjikelo weendaba kunye nezigqibo zezobupolitika ezibumba inkqubo yesizwe.

Imvelaphi Engokwembali Yonyulo Lobuongameli

Inkqubo yonyulo lomongameli waseUnited States iye yatshintsha ngokuphawulekayo ukususela oko umGaqo-siseko waseka isiseko somGaqo-siseko ngowe-1787. Abaseki badala iElectoral College njengolwahlulelwano phakathi konyulo oluthe ngqo nokhetho oluqhelekileyo lweBhunga. Ekuqaleni, abanyuli bavota izihlandlo ezibini zomongameli, kwaye imbaleki yaba lisekela likamongameli. Le nkqubo yavelisa unyulo lwe-1800, olukhokelela kwiSinyusombululo se-12, esahlula umongameli kunye nesekela lomongameli.

Inkulungwane ye-19 yabona ukunyuka kwamaqela ezobupolitika kunye nophuhliso lwezingqungquthela zesizwe. Ngaphambi kwee-1820, abalawuli beqela elikhethiweyo, kodwa le nkqubo yaqalisa iindibano ezaziquka abathunywa abasuka kulo lonke elo lizwe. IXesha leNguquko lazisa izihlalo ezithe ngqo, linika abavoti ilizwi elinamandla ekukhetheni abatshayo kunokuba lishiye izigqibo ziphelele kwiqela elingaphakathi.

Utshintsho olukhulu lwenkulungwane yama-20 lwayitshintsha ngokubhekele phaya le nkqubo. UHlaziyo lwe-17 lweSindululo lwamiswa ngqo lwabaqulunqi, lo gama iziHlanzi ze-19 kunye nezi-26 zandisa amalungelo okuvota kumabhinqa kunye noopolisa abaneminyaka eli-18 ngokulandelelana. UMthetho wamaLungelo ka-1965 wasusa imiqobo emininzi ekuvoteleni abantu abaphantsi kwemibutho. Kutshanje, uMthetho woNcedo lweMelika Vote ka-200 othetha ngemibandela yolawulo lonyulo obala i- 2000 Florida.

Unyulo lwangaphambili: IMaphulo

Iimfuno zomGaqo-siseko zamaCandelo obuMongameli

UMgaqo-siseko umisela iimfaneleko ezintathu ezisisiseko kubathathi-nxaxheba. Umntu kufuneka abe ngummi waseUnited States, ubuncinane oneminyaka engama-35 ubudala, kwaye abe ngummi weli lizwe ubuncinane iminyaka eli-14. Ezi mfuneko zisebenza kubo bonke abaza kubhaptizwa kungakhathaliseki ukuba bakwilungu leqela okanye amava ezobupolitika. UMthetho woLawulo wama-22 kaNondyebo kufuneka umiselwe oomongameli ababini, okuthetha ukuba abangaphambili beminyaka emibini abaza kuphinda basebenze kwakhona.

Ngapha koko, kuqwalaselwa ngokufanelekileyo, kuqwalaselwa ukuba ngubani onokwenza iphulo elisebenzayo. Amaqumrhu kufuneka akhe imibutho yephulo, aphakamise imali ebalulekileyo, aze afikelele iimfuno zokufikelela kwiphondo ngalinye. Imithetho yephondo iyahluka ngendlela abafaneleke ngayo abathathi-nxaxheba, kunye neemfuno eziquka ukutyikitya izicelo, iindleko zeshefu, kunye noxwebhu lweziko.

ICandelo lokuQhubelana

Iphulo lomongameli langoku lifuna ubuncwane obuninzi bemali kunye nentlangano. Amaqela adla ngokuqalisa ukwakha amaqela awo ephulo kwiminyaka engaphambili konyulo, abaqeshi, abaqeshi bonxibelelwano, izifundiswa zezemali, kunye nabaququzeleli bentsimi. IKhomishini yoNxulumaniso loManyano ilawula inkxaso-mali, ifuna ukutyhilwa rhoqo kweminikelo nenkcitho. Imida isebenza kwiminikelo yabantu ngabanye abathathi-nxaxheba, nangona iikomiti zezopolitiko nee-PCC ezinkulu zinokunyusa kwaye zisebenzise imali engenakulinganiswa nanto.

Izixhobo zokuyaluza kufuneka zihambe zihambe ngemithetho yokufumana yelizwe eyahluka-hlukeneyo. Amanye amajelo afuna amawaka entswana yokucela, ngelinye ixesha amanye anyanzelisa iimali zefashoni okanye afune ipesenti ethile yenkxaso kunyuko oludlulileyo. I-ependent kunye necandelo lesithathu elijongene nocelomngeni olunyukileyo, olusoloko lufuna ukuqokelela amakhulu amawaka emityikitya emininzi kumazwe angaphandle kwebala elinolawulo lwesizwe.

IiPrimetri kunye neCaucus: Inkqubo yokusebenzisa

Indlela Abasebenza Ngayo Abasebenzi Bezono

Oonobumba bangamacandelo akwimigangatho karhulumente apho abavoti bakhetha ukuba ngowuphi umvoti wabo ofanele uthathe inxaxheba. Ama-odoli agqiba ukuba ama-primmend awo avuliwe, avalwe, okanye avalwe kancinane. Kwigumbi elivaliweyo, kuphela amalungu abhalisiweyo angavota loo qela. Ukuvula ii-printo ezibhalisayo kuvumela nawuphi na umvoti-mvoli weqela ukuba athathe inxaxheba na kwelo lungu na na nokuba ngababhaliswe ngokwawo.

Unyulo lokuqala lungafumana lonke okanye lulungelelane. Kumnqophiso wokuthatha i-all primries, umlandeli ofumana iivoti ezininzi uzuza bonke abathunywa belo lizwe. Iinkqubo zepropati zifumana abathunywa ngokusekelwe kwisabelo somvoti ngamnye, kunye namazwe amaninzi afuna abaza kufikelela kumda omncinane ukufumana nabani na wabathunywa. IDemocratic Partior igunyazisa ulungelelwaniso, lo gama imithetho yeRiphabliki ivumela ukuba kukhethwe iindlela zokufikelela kubo.

Iindlela ze Caucus

ICaucus yahlukile ngokusisiseko kwizindlu zangasese. Kunokuvota kwiindawo zokuvota yonke imihla, abangeni be-caucus bahlanganisana ngamaxesha athile kunye neendawo zeentlanganiso ezinokuhlala iiyure eziliqela. Abathathi-nxaxheba baxubusha abathathi-nxaxheba, bazame ukucenga abanye, kwaye ekugqibeleni bavakalise ukhetho lwabo ngothotho lweevoti. I-Iowa, edla ngokuyilahla inkqubo yokukhetha umongameli, iqinisekisa le ndlela yokukhetha, isebenzisana nexesha elininzi lokuzifunela ukuphendula kodwa elinolwazi.

Kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje, amaphondo amaninzi aye atshintsha ekubeni ziicaucus aye angena kwizindlu zangasese ukuze andise inxaxheba. AmaCaucuse adla ngokuzoba ii-flueans ezincinci ngenxa yexesha lokuzibophelela elifunekayo. Abaxhasi bezixhobo zokusebenzisa iziyobisi baphikisa ukuba bakhuthaza ukuganana okunzulu nokucinga okunentsingiselo, ngoxa abagxeki besalatha kwinkxalabo yokufumaneka kwabo bavoti benemiqathango elinganiselweyo okanye imingeni enzima yokuhamba.

Thumela iMath kunye neNdlela kwiNkcazo

Iqela ngalinye lisebenzisa indlela ekhethekileyo yokuchaza ukuba baphi abathunywa abafumanayo kwiphondo ngalinye. Iqela leDemocratic bathwali bezabelo ezisekelwe kudityaniso lwabemi borhulumente ngamnye, inkxaso yalo yangaphambili kubathathi-nxaxheba, kunye nesandiso kubathunywa belizwe kwimithetho egcina ukhuphiswano kamva kwikhalenda. Ingingqi yeRiphabliki idibanisa iifomu ezisekelwe kuluntu neebhonasi ezithe zavota kwimimandla yakutshanje.

Omabini amaqela aquka ii-edirees ezinkulu okanye iindwendwe ezingakhutshwanga phakathi kweendwendwe zendibano. Kubantu abakwiiDemocrates, iidislayidi ezinkulu ziinkokeli zamaqela namagosa anyuliweyo anokuxhasa nawuphi na umtshatiso kungakhathaliseki iziphumo eziphambili. IiRiphabliki zinenani elincinane leendwendwe ezingakhutshelwanga kwikomiti nganye yeqela lesizwe. Indima yee-equadelegens ibangele ingxoxo ecacileyo, nabagxeki bephikisa banciphisa impembelelo yabavoti abaqhelekileyo kwinkqubo yokurhoxa i-odoma.

Ikhalenda yamaprimie kunye nee-caucus zisuka kuFebruwari ukuya kuJuni weminyaka yonyulo. Amazwana angaphambili anjenge-Iowa, New Hampshire, Nevada, noMzantsi Carolina afumana ingqalelo eninzi ngenxa yokuba ukhuphiswano lwawo lungakha amandla okuphumelela abaphumeleleyo okanye luphelise abalwayo. NgoLwesibini oluphezulu, xa amazwe amaninzi eqhuba ukhuphiswano ngexesha elinye, ngokufuthi abonakalisa isigqibo ekuxinzeleleni ibala.

Iindibano Zesizwe: Ukuyila Ukwenziwa Komtyunjwa

Ukwakhiwa Kwendibano Nenjongo

Iindibano zesizwe zisebenza njengesiphelo esisemthethweni senkqubo yokutyunjwa. Indibano nganye iqhuba ehlotyeni phambi konyulo lukaNovemba, eqhele ukutshintshana phakathi kweentlanganiso zeDemocratic neRiphabliki kwiiveki ezilandelelanayo. Iindibano zihlanganisa amawaka eendwendwe, amagosa eqela, abameli bamajelo eendaba, nababukeli bezobupolitika iintsuku ezine zentetho, ukuvota, kunye nengxoxo yeqonga.

Umsebenzi oyintloko osesikweni weendibano kukutyumba ubungameli bombutho kunye nesekela lomongameli. Abathunywa bafaka amavoti abo ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo eziphambili nezecaucus, nangona iziphumo zidla ngokwaziwa ngaphambi kokuba indibano iqalise. Ubizo lokuvota luhlala lubalulekile, ngelinye ilizwe livakalisa ulwabelo lwalo ngomyalelo we-avellal.

Uphuhliso lwePlatform kunye nomanyano lweQela

Iindibano zikwavelisa iqonga leqela, uxwebhu oluchaza izikhundla zenkqubo yeqela kunye nezinto eziza kuqala. Ikomiti yeplatifomu yezomthetho yeqela ilungisa uxwebhu ngaphezu kweenyanga zokuva nokuthethana, ithetha ngemibandela yezoqoqosho kunye nokunyamekela impilo yamanye amazwe namalungelo asekuhlaleni. Iivoti zendibano ezipheleleyo zokuvumela iqonga, nangona iqonga lingabopheleli abathathi-nxaxheba kwaye ngokufuthi limela ukulalanisa phakathi kwamaqela amaqela ahlukeneyo.

Umsebenzi obalulekileyo weendibano zanamhlanje kukumanyanisa iqela emva komtyunjwa. Iphulo lokuqala lingavelisa ulwahlulo phakathi kwabathathi-nxaxheba nabaxhasi babo. Iindibano zinika amathuba abo bangaphambili abasukuzwana ukuba bancomele umxhasi, iinkokeli zeqela ukukhuthaza inkxaso, kunye noonongendi ukuba bachaze umbono wabo kwisizwe esimphulaphuli. Intetho yendibano enikelwa ngabacholi-mnee ibonakalisa ixesha elibalulekileyo kwiphulo, ukuchaza okanye ukubuyisela isiqhubi kwinkonzo sokuvota esisenokuba asiyilandelanga ngokusondeleyo inkqubo ephambili.

Ukukhetha Umongameli Osebenza ngokungqinelanayo

Inkqubo yokukhetha iqwalasela imodeli yeqabane labo elibalekayo ngaphambi okanye ebudeni bendibano. Inkqubo yokukhetha iqwalasela oothunywashe abaquka ukulungelelana kwemeko-bume, ukuhambelana kweengcamango, amava okulawula, kunye nokukwazi ukubhena namaqela athile avoti abachopheli. Umvoli-gosa wesekela lomongameli unikela intetho kwindibano kwaye uthelela iphulo lonyulo-nyulo jikelele lomntu osisigxina.

Isekela lombutho womongameli kufuneka lifanelekele ngokwemigaqo-siseko ukuba libe ngumongameli. Amaqabane abalekayo ayachatshazelwa kakhulu, kuquka ukuhlolisiswa kwemali yawo, iingxelo zovota, iingxelo zikawonke-wonke, kunye neempikiswano ezisenokubakho. Oku kukhethwa kungachaphazela ngokuphawulekayo amandla ephulo, mhlawumbi ukuqinisa amandla ethikithi okanye ukuvelisa iingxaki ukuba ukhetho lubonakala lunempikiswano.

Iphulo Eliqhelekileyo Lokhetho

Ubuchule kunye nokujoliswe kuko

Emva kweendibano, iphulo lonyulo jikelele lingena kwelona nyathelo linzima. Inkamkelo ijolise ekuphumeleleni kwevoti yokhetho kunokuba ivoti ethandwayo yesizwe, emile apho abathathi-nxaxheba bachitha ixesha labo kunye nobuncwane babo. Amatyala athetha ngonyulo olusondeleyo ngokwembali afumana ingqalelo engalinganiyo kuwo omabini amaphulo, ngelixesha elithembekileyo amaphondo ajongene ngqo nonyulo.

Amaphulo asebenzisa ugcino-lwazi oluntsonkothileyo ukuchaza abaxhasi abanokuba ngabaxhasi, umlinganiselo wendlela abavota ngayo, kunye nokujolisa ijolise kwimiyalezo yabo. Izibhengezo zikamabonwakude, ukuthunyelwa kwemivo, iposi engqalileyo, kunye nocwangciso lwazo zonke iindima ezibalulekileyo. Iingxoxo, eziququzelelwa yiKhomishoni yeeNkcubeko zoPhostilenti, zinika abo bathathi-nxaxheba amathuba okunikela izikhundla zabo kunye nokuvavanya iimbambano zabo ngokuthe ngqo.

Ubhaliso lweVoter kunye neTurnout

Imithetho yokubhalisa yeVoter iyahluka ngokwemeko, ichaphazela ubani onokuba nenxaxheba kunyulo. Amanye amaphondo anika ukubhaliswa kosuku olunye, ngelinye ixesha amanye afuna ukubhaliswa iiveki phambi koSuku lokhetho. UMthetho weSizwe weVoter Religiod ngo1993 wenza ukuba ubhaliso lufumaneke kwii-ofisi zezithuthi nakumaqumrhu oncedo lukawonke-wonke, ukwandisa ukufikelela. UMthetho woncedo waseMelika Vote wazisa ubhaliso lwereji yorhulumente ekwandiseni ukuphucula ucocelo nolungelelwano.

Unyulo lweziko lovotelo lomongameli lususela malunga nama-50% ukuya kuma-67% abavoti abafanelekileyo kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje. Imfundo, ingeniso, iminyaka, kunye nokubotshwa kwemibutho kuvumelana nobungqina bokuvota. Amaqela asebenza kakhulu ekuphumeni imigudu, esebenzisa iibhanki zomnxeba, ukulaphulwa ngomnyango wecango ukuya kungena ngaphakathi, kunye nezixhobo zamanani ukukhuthaza abaxhasi ukuba bakhuphe iibhola. Ukuvota nokukhetha komvota kwangaphambili kuye kwanweba kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kunika uvuselelo olukhulu kuvoteko lwevoti abangakwazi ukufikelela iindawo zokuvota ngoSuku lokhetho.

Umhla Wokhetho: Indlela Osebenza Ngayo

Iindlela zokusasaza kunye neenkqubo

NgoMvulo wokuqala ngoNovemba. NgoLwesibini uNqulo loNnyulo, emva koMvulo wokuqala. Abavoci baphosa amavoti kwiindawo ezikhethiweyo, ezisebenza ngokwemigaqo karhulumente. Amazwe amaninzi afuna abavoti ukuba babonise ukuchongwa, nangona iimfuno ezikhethekileyo zahlukile. Abasebenzi abarhwebi, abaqeqeshwe ngamagosa onyulo, banceda abavoti, baqinisekisa ukubhalisa, kwaye baqinisekisa ingqibelelo yenkqubo yokuvota.

Ubugcisa bokwenza inkqubela buyehluka ngaphaya kwemithetho. Ezinye iindawo zisebenzisa iinkqubo zokuvavanya iimboni apho abavoti baphawula iibhola zephepha ezifundwa ngoomatshini. Ezinye zisebenzisa iinkqubo ze-elektroniki zokushicilela ngqo ezinezikhuseli okanye iifowni. Amaphondo amaninzi agcina iindlela zamaphepha zokuphicotha kunye neenjongo. Abaxhasi bamacandelo abavumela abavoti abakwimo yokubhalisa abangenakuqiniseka ukuba bakhuphe iibhola emva kokuba benyanisile.

Ubalo

Emva kokuvala uphando, amagosa onyulo aqalisa ukubala iibhola zokhetho. Kungethuba nakwii-posi zinokucaciswa phambi koSuku loNnyulo kwamanye amazwe, ngeli xesha abanye belinda de kuphele uvotelo. Imibutho yamaMedia iprojekthi iziphumo ezisekelwe kwimiba yokona kuvota kunye nokuphuma kogcino-lwazi, kodwa iziphumo ezisemthethweni zithatha iintsuku okanye iiveki ukugqiba njengemibutho yemali ziqinisekiswa kwaye ziqwalaselwe kwimijanganiso ekufuphi.

Amagosa onyulo lwelizwe ayaziqinisekisa iziphumo, ezithi ngoko zimisele indlela eza kuvota kwelo lizwe ngalinye. Kwisiganeko sogqatso olusondeleyo, uludwe lwemiqathango oluzenzekelayo lungaxhobisa kumaphondo ngemida enciphileyo. Iphulo lingacela ukuba kuchazwe kwiimeko ezithile, nangona kuthe kratya ukutshintsha iziphumo zonyulo.

IElectoral College: Ukukhetha uMongameli

Indlela Ikholeji Ye - Electoral Esebenza Ngayo

I-Electoral College inabanyuli bama-58 abasasazwa phakathi kwamazwe kunye neSithili saseColumbia. Urhulumente ngamnye wamkela abanyuli abalingana nenani labo liphela labaququzeleli nabameli kwiKhonkxa, enika amaphondo amaninzi akhethiweyo. ISithili saseColumbia sifumana abanyuli abathathu phantsi koMmiselo wama-23, nangona bengenabo umelo lokuvota kwiBhunga.

Kumazwe angama-48 kunye neSithili saseColumbia, umvoti ophumelele eyona mvume ithandwayo ufumana zonke iivoti zikarhulumente. IMaine neNebraska zisebenzisa indlela eyahlukileyo, zinika ivoti ezimbini ezikhethiweyo kumvuzo wesizwe ngokubanzi kunye nevoti enye evoti ekhethekileyo kwingingqi nganye yengqubano. Le mpumelelo ithetha ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba bangazuza i-decioce ngaphandle kokuphumelela kwivoti ethandwayo yesizwe, njengoko kwenzeka ngo- 2000 nango-2016.

Indima Yabacebisi

Amaqela ezobupolitika kwiphondo ngalinye akhetha izikolo zabanyuli, amaqela anyanisekileyo okanye abalawuli abanyuliweyo, phambi konyulo jikelele. Xa abavoti bephosa izibheno zabo kulowo uzakubhaptizwa, eneneni bavota izireleti zalowo mvoti. Iirelati eziphumeleleyo ngoDisemba ukukhupha iivoti zabo zonyulo. Kumaphondo amaninzi, abavoti bayabhaliswa ukuba bavote umvoteli weqela labo, nangona amanye amazwe anemithetho egweba abavoti abangenalukholo abavoti.

Umvoteli kufuneka afumane amavoti angama-70 okuphumelela umongameli. Ukuba akukho mvoti ungena kulo mqobo, iNdlu yabameli ikhetha umongameli ukusuka kwabathathu abaphezulu, kunye nentsebenziswano nganye yesizwe ivota enye. Le nkqubo yonyulo oluxhomekeke kumaqumrhu yenzeke kabini kwimbali yaseMerika, ngowe-1800 nangowe-1824. IBhunga likhetha umongameli ukuba akukho mxhasi wabacholi-mali abafumana uninzi lwabavoti-voti abanyuliweyo.

Ukugxekwa Nezindululo Zokuguqula Indalo

IElectoral College ijongene nogxeko oluqhubekayo kwizizathu ezininzi. Abahlalutyi baphikisa umgaqo womntu omnye, ivoti enye ngokunika abavoti kwiimeko ezincinci impembelelo elinganayo. Isixokelelwano sokuphumelela sikwathetha ukuba abaphumeleleyo abanazikhuthazo zininzi zokulwa kwiphondo elingaqhubiyo, elinokunciphisa ukuganana kwesizwe. Ukukhetha umongameli owaphulukana nevoti ethandwayo kunyusa inkxalabo esemthethweni kwabanye abaqwalaseli.

Izindululo zotshintsho ezahlukeneyo zikhona, ukusuka ekunyuseni umGaqo-siseko ukuphelisa iElectoral College ukuya kwiNational Popular Vote Interstate Compation. Lo mqulu uza kuthatha inxaxheba kumazwe athabatha inxaxheba kumavoti awo afumana ivoti ethandwayo yesizwe ngamanye amazwe amele uninzi lwevoti ezivotelwayo zithelele. Imibuzo esemthethweni ijikeleze ukuhlanganiswa, kuquka nokuba amaziko angabopha abanyuli ngale ndlela nokuba ngaba kufuneka imvume yequmrhu.

Emva koHlomelo: Ukutshintsha noKwahlulwa

Ukuguqulelwa Koomongameli

Ixesha eliphakathi koSuku Lokhetho noSuku loHlaliso ngoJanuwari 20 libandakanya amalungiselelo amakhulu olawulo oluzayo. ULawulo lweeNkonzo Jikelele lunika ubuncwane kunye nenkxaso kutshintsho, kuquka isithuba se-ofisi, ubugcisa, kunye nokufikelela kumalungiselelo. UMthetho woTshintsho loMongameli ulawula le nkqubo, ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubekeka kwemisebenzi karhulumente.

Ulawulo oluphumayo lusebenzisana neqela elingenayo ukulungiselela ukudluliswa kwamandla agudileyo. Amaqela otshintsho ahlola imisebenzi yesebe, achaze abasebenzi abangundoqo, kunye nokulungiselela izicelo zenkqubo zeenyanga zokuqala zolawulo olutsha. Umongameli-wonga- myalelo uqalisa ukukhetha amalungu eKhabhinethi, abasebenzi beHolo emhlophe, kunye nabanye abamiselwe abaphezulu, baphantsi kokuqinisekiswa kweNtsimbi yeeNtsimbi kwiindawo ezininzi.

I-Electoral College Vote kwiKhonkreji

NgoJanuwari 6, iBhunga lihlanganisa intlanganiso edityanisiweyo ubala iivoti ezivoti zonyulwayo nokuqinisekisa iziphumo. Isekela lomongameli weNdlu yeeNtlanganiso, lilawula ubalo. Nakuphi na ukuchaswa kweevoti zikarhulumente kufuneka zibhalwe ngokubhaliweyo lilungu elinye legumbi ngalinye. Ukuba impikiswano yegumbi ngalinye kunye nevoti ehlukeneyo nokuba ingasamkelwa okanye ingamkelwa na ivoti ecetyisiweyo.

UMthetho we-Electoral Count wango1887 wamiselwa iinkqubo zokucombulula amavoti aphikiswayo. Umthetho wahlaziywa ngo-2022 ukucacisa indima yesekela lomongameli njengolungiselelo nje kuphela nokuphakamisa umqobo wokuchasa. Olu tshintsho lwasabela kwiziganeko zikaJanuwari 6, 2021, xa ezinye zafuna ukucel ’ umngeni iziphumo zonyulo oluqinisekisiweyo ngobalo lonyulo.

Usuku lokuHlakulelwa

USuku lokuthomalalisa luphawula ukudluliswa okusemthethweni kwegunya lolawulo. Umongameli uthatha isifungo seofisi ewiswa nguMangal ’ ePhakathi weNkundla ePhakamileyo, ecengceleza isifungo somGaqo-siseko: "Ndifunga ngokunzulu ukuba ngokuthembeka ndiza kuphumeza i-Ofisi kaMongameli wase-United States, kwaye ndiza kusebenzisa elona khono lam lilungileyo, ndigcine, ndikhusele kwaye ndikhusele umGaqo-siseko wase-United States. Umongameli olisekela uqulunqenelo oluwiswe lilungu leBhunga okanye elinye igosa.

Idilesi yokuqalisa ichaza ngokwesithethe umbono wepresidenti entsha kunye nezinto eziphambili. Ukudluliswa koxolo kwamandla, kungakhathaliseki ukusondelelana okanye impikiswano yonyulo, kumele uphawu lolawulo lwedemokhrasi. Unikezelo luqukumbela ngomboniso nangeziganeko ezahlukeneyo, nangona isikali nohlobo lwemibhiyozo lwahluka ngokusekelwe kwiimeko nakukhetho lolawulo oluzayo.

Ukuqonda Indima Yakho Njengomgunyathi

Inkqubo yonyulo lomongameli, nangona entsonkothileyo, ekugqibeleni ixhomekeke ekubeni nenxaxheba kwabemi. Ukubhaliswa kwevoter, ukuhlala wazisiwe ngabaza kubhaptizwa nangemibandela, nokufaka ivoti zimela ezona ndlela zisisiseko zokusebenza. Ngaphandle kokuvota, abemi banokuba nenxaxheba ngokuvuma, ngokuya kwimicimbi yezobupolitika, ngokuxubusha nabanye, nangokubeka amagosa anyuliweyo aphendule phakathi konyulo.

Ukuqonda abalungisi benkqubo kunceda abavoti benze izigqibo zolwazi kunye nohlolo lwezibhengezo ezenziwe ngexesha lamaphulo. Ukhuseleko lwenkqubo, ukusuka kwimilinganiselo yokhuseleko lokhuseleko ukuya kwisakhiwo se-Electoral College esabelweyo, injongo yokuqinisekisa ukuba unyulo lubonakalisa ukuthanda kwabantu ngeli lixa lukhusela ubuqhophololo kunye nokugxampulanisa kwamanye amazwe. Ngelixesha kungekho nkqubo yokhetho egqibeleleyo, eqhubekayo iinguqu kunye nezivumelwano zoluntu iyaqhubeka iqinisa amaziko edemokhrasi.

Ulwazi oluninzi malunga nenkqubo yonyulo lomongameli, jonga kwiKhomishini yoNkxaso yoNkqululo lwe-UNIT_UMSEBE-UMSEBE-UMFUNIS , isikhokelo sonyulo .gov iKhomishini yonyulo , okanye Ulwakhiwo logcino-mali lweKoliji yelizwe [[FLT] iphepha le-ELT]. Intlangano enjengeNgqungquthela yeSizwe yomthetho weSizwe [[FLT]] inikela iinkcukacha ngemithetho yonyulo, ngelixalo lophando [FLT:][FLT]