Ukwazisa: Kutheni Kubalulekile Ukuvavanya Ulawulo

Utshintsho lomgaqo-nkqubo olubonakalayo phantse zonke iinkalo zobomi banamhlanje .ukusuka kumoya esiwuphefumlayo kunye nokutya esikudlayo kuzinzo lwemarike yemali nokhuseleko lwemisebenzi. Kodwa imimiselo ebonakala isengqiqweni ephepheni ingenza iziphumo ezingacwangciswanga, ukubeka iindleko ezingalinganiyo, okanye ukusuka nje ungakwazi ukutshintsha indlela yokuziphatha. Ngoko amandla okulawula angundoqo kukusebenza okubalulekileyo kolawulo. Inika ubungqina obufunekayo ukucoca imithetho ekhoyo, ukuyila engcono, kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yenzuzo kawonke-wonke efunwa ngokwenene. Ngaphandle kovavanyo olungqongqo, umthetho ubeka ingozi yokuba yindlela enzima yokubuya ngaphandle koodemontseka.

Eli nqaku linikela uvavanyo olubanzi lwemilingo kunye neendlela ezisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ulawulo olusebenzayo. Izoba kwisiseko sohlolo esisekiweyo esisuka kwimibutho enjenge CD kunye ne . Ukhuseleko lwemeko- bume, ngokunjalo nezifundo ezisuka kwizifundo zeli hlabathi. Ngokuqonda oko kusebenzayo noko kungenziwa, abalawuli, abagcini-mathi, kunye nabemi bangatyhala begosa abacetyiweyo, abanolawulo olunetyala.

Ukuqonda Ukuphumelela Kwemigaqo

Impumelelo yolawulo asiyongcamango enye kodwa yingcamango ephinda-phindiweyo. Embindini wayo, ibhekisela kwiqondo apho umthetho uphumeza iinjongo zawo ezichaziweyo. Noko ke, ezo njongo zidla ngokunqumla imimandla emininzi /impumelelo yezoqoqosho, ubunjani bemekobume, impilo kawonke-wonke, ubuchule, kunye nokusebenza kolawulo. Umgaqo osebenzayo kufuneka uphumeze kakuhle ngapha nangapha kwemimiselo emininzi:

  • Isithintelo : Ingaba umthetho uvelisa utshintsho olufunekayo kwihambo okanye iziphumo?
  • Impumelelo[[FLT:]'''''': Inzuzo yomthetho igwetyelwe ngeendleko ezibekwe kwibutho labantu?
  • [[UMTL: 0] umlinganiselo: Ingaba umthwalo neenzuzo zabelwe kakuhle ngamaqela ahlukeneyo?
  • [[UMTL:0] Ukunikezela: Ingaba umgaqo ungatshintsha kutshintsho lwemeko okanye ulwazi olutsha?
  • Ligitagis: Ingaba umthetho ubonwa njengolungileyo nonengqiqo kwabo bachaphazelekayo?

Le milinganiso isoloko itshintshisana. Umzekelo, ummiselo wangaphambili kakhulu ungaphumelela ngamandla kodwa ngexabiso lobubhetyebhetye-bhetye kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Uvavanyo kufuneka lulinganisele olu xinzelele, usebenzisa intlupheko yemilinganiso kunye neendlela ezithatha umfanekiso opheleleyo. I-OECD ye- yenkqubo ye-Projekthi ye-OKLAT igxininisa ukuba impumelelo mayingaqwalaselwa nje kuphela ngokuthobela ngokukhawuleza kodwa kwakhona ngeziphumo ezithe rhoqo kunye nomgangatho wenkqubo yokuzinzisa.

Amanani angundoqo ovavanyo

Imetrics ziguqulela iinjongo zolawulo kwizalathiso ezisisibonelelo. Akukho mmeta omnye owaneleyo; umlinganiselo wezalathiso uyafuneka ukuthatha iinkalo ezininzi zokusebenza. Ngezantsi zizona zisetyenziswa kakhulu, zandisiwe ngemizekelo kunye nomongo.

Imilinganiselo yoQoqo

Ukusebenzisa imigaqo-nkqubo kulungelelanisa okulula: kulinganisa umlinganiselo wezinto ezilawulwayo ezinamathela kumthetho. Amaqondo aphezulu okuthobela acebisa ukuba umthetho wenziwe kakuhle, unyanzeliswe, kwaye wamkeleke. Ukuthobela kusenokubonisa ukungayila, ukunyanzelisa okubuthathaka, okanye iimfuno ezingekho ngqiqweni. Noko ke, ukuthobela kukodwa kungalahlekisa. Umthetho ohlangatyezwa lula ungaqhubi notshintsho olunentsingiselo, ngelixa umthetho onzima othobela ngokukulungeleleneyo ungenza iinzuzo ezinkulu zenethi. Umzekelo, i-Sisebe kunye ne-Exchange Commission zithobela iimfuno zokwambutho; amaqondo aphezulu eebhastile angaqiniseki ukuba abangeni besebenzisa ulwazi.

Isiphumo

Umlinganiselo ongaphandle we-metric uhamba ngaphaya kokulinganisa utshintsho lokwenene lwehlabathi. Kwimimiselo yokusingqongileyo, oku kusenokuba kunciphiso oluhlaziyiweyo okanye ukuphucula intlobo-ntlobo zezilwanyana. Kwimithetho yokhuseleko, ingaba mbalwa ingozi emsebenzini okanye iingozi zenqwelo-mafutha. Ukuphuma kwemilinganiso yeyona ilungeleleneyo yokuba ngaba umgaqo uyasebenza. Noko ke, kufuna ukulawula ezinye izinto ezichaphazela iziphumo, okanye ucelomngeni oludla ngokufuna iindlela zobucuphi bentengiso. Uhlaluliso lwexesha elizayo lwe-Chrea Moyer Act lunika umzekelo okwaziyo kakuhle: ngokuthelekisa ubunjani bomgangatho womoya phambi nasemva kokulawula okukhulu, umbutho othelekelelwa kumthetho onqanda amawaka eenziwe ngobukhulu bobudala.

Uhlalutyo lwexabiso-lendawo (CBA)

ICBA ithelekisa iindleko ezipheleleyo zezoqoqosho zomgaqo (indleko zolawulo, imithwalo yolawulo, ukulahleka kwemveliso) ngokuchasene nenzuzo yayo epheleleyo (inkqubela-phambili, impumelelo yemekobume, incitshisiwe imingcipheko). Zombini iindleko neengenelo ziboniswa ngokwemali apho kunokwenzeka, zivumela uhlolo olungqalileyo lwentlalo-ntle yentlalo-ntle yentlalo. I-CBA lisiseko esinesiseko sohlalutyo olulawulayo kumazwe amaninzi, kodwa inemiqathango. Ixakelelwa ngeendleko ezingaxhomekekanga (umz., isidima somntu, isidima somntu) kwaye ingaba nexabiso elilula ukucutha kwexabiso kunye nokungaqiniseki kwemiqathango. Ngaphandle kwale miba, iCBA isisixhobo esinamandla sokuthelekisa ii-ofisi zolawulo noqingqobhanki.

Ibhaso lokutyisa elikwindawo yokutyela

Uqikelelo lwemigano-manani olunentsingiselo kufuneka lupheleliswe ngegalelo eliqulethwe yile ichaphazelekayo. Isiphumo se-Skipoler `Indawo edityanisiweyo''. Iqokelelwa ngophando, amagqabaza kawonke-wonke, okanye iintlanganiso------askenames'. I-acnome ichaza iziphumo ezingacwangciswanga, ukuphumeza imiqobo, kunye nokuqonda okusesikweni. Umzekelo, uphando oluncinane lweshishini lungabonisa ukuba imfuneko yokuxela ingumbalo kangangokuba inqanda ukuthobela, nangona umthetho ngokwawo usengqiqweni. Igunya leNklenzelo kwiUK liqhuba rhoqo iincation-octrections menteds edibanisa ii-data ezidiyokubambambo.

Uphando lobude kunye nohlalutyo lwexesha

Imimiselo emininzi ivelisa iziphumo ezityhileka kwiminyaka okanye amashumi eminyaka. Uphando olude lulandelela impembelelo efanayo elawulwayo okanye iindawo zelizwe ukutyhubela ixesha, luvumela abahloli ukuba baphawule intsingiselo yangaphambili nasemva komthetho. Ii-arhente zexesha zingakhetha iziphumo ezilandelayo kwezinye iinguqu zezoqoqosho okanye zentlalo. Umzekelo, abaphengululi bahlolisisa impembelelo ye-Dodd-Frank Act ekwimiqathango yomngcipheko wemali ezingeni lokulinganisela iibhanki kumanani omlinganiselo wendlela yokulinganisela utshintsho kwimiqathango kunye norhwebo. Ezi zifundo zifuna ubuchule obubalulekileyo ukulungiselela ukujika iinguqu.

Imali eyongeziweyo: Ukulingana, ubuchule, nokubuyisela

Ngaphaya komphakathi wemilinganiso epheleleyo ngaphezulu, imigangatho ephinda-phindekayo yomlinganiselo elinganayo ] umlinganiselo othe ngqo womthetho ngokungenakulinganiswa uchaphazela abantu ababuthathaka. Oku kungabanjwa ngokuhlaziywa kwamanani eendleko okanye iziphumo zeziphumo. [[FLT:]] ubuchule bungalinganiswa kakhulu] ngesantya sovavanyo lwendlela yokusebenza (umz., ii-irandisss kubomi obugciniweyo) okanye ngokuthelekisa ukusebenza kolawulo ngaphaya kwemimandla. [[FLT:] [[FLT:]] [[FLT]] [FLT]] kunzima ukulinganisa kodwa kungenziwa ngesantya sokuzinzisa okanye ukuhlaziya okunikwa ngolungelelwano.

Iindlela zovavanyo

Ukukhetha indlela yokuhlola elungileyo kuxhomekeke kumongo wolawulo, ukufumaneka kogcino-lwazi, kunye nemibuzo ebuzwayo. Iindlela zidla ngokuvela kumlinganiselo ukuya kuhlobo, kunye nokungena ngohlobo oludityanisiweyo zidla ngokuvelisa ingqiqo eninzi.

Iindlela Zokuququzelela

Iindlela zoququantite zixhomekeke kugcino-lwazi lwamanani nakwintelekelelo yoqikelelo. Amandla azo kukukwazi ukudibanisa izinto kunye nokuphinda-phinda, kodwa zifuna umgangatho ophezulu wogcino-lwazi kunye nocalulo lwemodeli olucokisekileyo.

Uyilo lwezibonelelo

Ngenxa yokuba iimvavanyo zokulawula ezingacwangciswanga zinqabileyo ukusetyenziswa kwimimiselo (awukwazi ukubeka ezinye izifemu eziza kulawulwa kwaye ezinye zingalawulwa), abahloli basebenzisa iindlela zobunzululwazi. [FT] i-Diffrence-infices[ ithelekisa iqela elilawulwayo kwiqela elingalawulwayo kwiqela elingengolawulo lulawulwayo phambi nasemva kotshintsho lwenkqubo. [[FLTL:]] [FLT]] Refentinnity [ ispresessbactries blockssss imidaringe (umg.g., umgangatho othile wongcoliseko othe ngqo ollulawulayo luchaziwe ngemiqathango yomthetho. [FLT]][FLD]]

Ukufuzisela kwezoqoqosho kunye nemfaniso

Iimodeli zolungelelwaniso jikelele kunye neemodeli zenkqubo ezinamandla zingafana neziphumo zamaza omthetho kuwo wonke uqoqosho okanye umsantsa. Umzekelo, i- ye-EPA yegesi ye-greenhouse enika ingxelo yenkqubo ye-[ isebenzisa iimodeli zezoqoqosho ukuqikelela iziphumo zomgangatho wemacro-gasi yokhupholo. Ezimodeli zinamandla ekuxele kwangaphambili kodwa zixhomekeke kakhulu kwiintelekelelo malunga nehambo kunye nobugcisa. Zisetyenziswa ngaphaya kophawu lwebheji.

Uphando nogcino-lwazi lolawulo

Uhlolisiso olukhulu lwemiqathango elawulwayo lungavelisa uthotho kunye neziphumo zogcino-lwazi ngexabiso eliphantsi. Iingxelo zeSebe `ezifana nereyithingi yerhafu, iingxelo zongcoliso, okanye uhlolo lokhuseleko'. "Ukwenza ugcino-lwazi olude oluninzi ngaphandle kwemfuneko yokuqokelelwa kogcino-lwazi oluphambili. Ukudibanisa iingxelo zolawulo ngapha nangapha kwamasebe (umz., iingxelo zempilo kunye nojongo lwemeko-bume) kunceda ukucukucelwa okunamandla kodwa kunyuse imicimbi yangasese ekufuneka iphethwe.

Iindlela Zokwenza

Iindlela zoququlu-qalo zihlola “ngendlela” kunye“ngokuba” kutheni kusemva kweziphumo zohlolo. Zibalulekile kwiinkqubo zokuqonda ukuphunyezwa kunye namava okufaka isithintelo.

Udliwano - ndlebe Olusemgangathweni

Udliwano-ndlebe olulungiselelwe imigaqo-nkqubo, abameli bamashishini, amaqela olawulo, kunye nabemi abachaphazelekayo bangatyhila imiqobo ekuthobeleni, ekuqondeni okusesikweni, neziphumo ezingacwangciswanga. Umzekelo, udliwano-ndlebe nabanini bamashishini abancinane emva kokuveliswa komthetho omtsha wokhuseleko lokutya lungatyhila ukuba iindleko zezixhobo zokuvavanya zingaphezulu lee iinzuzo zokutya ezinokusetyenziswa. Ukuqonda okunjalo kungakwazisa ukukhulula okanye ukulandelela imfuno epheleleyo.

Ujoliso

Amaqela ajolise ekuqwalaselweni adityaniswe amancinane, amaqela ahlukeneyo abagcini-sango ukuze bahlolisise iimbono zabo kumgaqo. Aluncedo ngokukodwa xa kuvavanywa imithetho yedrafti okanye kuhlolwa isizathu sokuba ukuthobela kusezantsi. Intsebenziswano yeqela idla ngokuba ngendawo ejongene neendawo ezingazukuvela kudliwano-ndlebe.

Uvavanyo Lomzekelo

Kwimeko yobunzulu bophando lomthetho othile othe ngqo owenziwayo unika ubungqina obuninzi, obusekelwe kumongo. Uhlolisiso lungahlola indlela umthetho omtsha wokulawula irente ochaphazelekayo ochaphazela ngayo ukuziphatha komninimzi, unikezelo lwezindlu, nolwaneliseko olugqithisileyo kwiminyaka emibini. ECD yendawo yofundo yetyala [ inika imizekelo emininzi enqamlezayo, ibonisa indlela eziphumeleleyo nezingaphumeleliyo zombini iziphumo zomthetho.

Iindlela Ezidityanisiweyo: Ukudibanisa ezingcono kuzo zombini

Ngokwandayo, uvavanyo lwemimiselo yovavanyo lwecuba elixutywayo: ukusebenzisa ugcino-lwazi olunenani lokulinganisela iziphumo ze-causal kunye neepateni, ngoko usebenzisa uphando oludityanisiweyo ukuchaza ezo ntlobo kunye nobuchule bokwahlula. Umzekelo, uphando lomgaqo wecuba leFDA lungadibanisa uhlolo-manani okutshaya nokuncitshiswa kwexabiso lokutshaya kunye nodliwano-ndlebe lwamagosa ecuba. Olu hlolo loluntu luqinisa ukuthembeka komvo lwamaphumo lweziso zezenzo.

Iingxaki Zokutshintsha Indlela Ozijonga Ngayo Izinto

Nangona kungcono ukulinganisa kunye neendlela, uvavanyo lomgaqo lujongene nemiqobo engapheliyo. Ukuvuma olu celomngeni kubalulekile ukuze kubonwe nyani.

Ubuchule bogcino-lwazi kunye nomgangatho

Uvavanyo lomgaqo-nkqubo ludla ngokufuna ugcino-lwazi olungekhoyo okanye olungafumanekiyo. Ulwazi lweshishini oluyimfihlo, iirekhodi ezicaluliweyo zomaziko, okanye amaxesha omlinganiso omfutshane angamisela uhlalutyo. Kumazwe asakhasayo, ugcino-lwazi olusisiseko lokuthobela lungalahleka ngokupheleleyo. Abaququzeleli kufuneka ngamanye amaxesha baxhomekeke kwiiprojekti ezigunyazisa ukuqiniseka. Ummiselo.gov ukhuthulo lwezibuko kwi U.S.

Inkcazo Nezinto Ezichaseneyo

Ukukhetha isiphumo somgaqo kwezinye iinguqu zezoqoqosho, ukutshintsha-tshintsha kwezobugcisa, ezinye iinkqubo , kuyaziwa kakubi. Ngaphandle komthetho osebenzayo (obekwenzekileyo ngaphandle komthetho), i-causal ekwandisiweyo ihlala iqinile. Iindlela zokwabelana ziluncedo kodwa zixhomekeke kwiintelekelelo (umz., intsingiselo enxuseneyo) ezingenakubamba.

Ixesha lokuzila kunye neziphumo ezinamandla

Imimiselo emininzi ivelisa iziphumo emva kokusilela ixesha elide. Imimiselo yendawobume idla ngokuthatha iminyaka ukubonakalisa inkqubela engenakulungiseka kwimpilo yemekobume. Imigaqo yemali isenokuthintela iingxaki ebeziya kwenzeka kumashumi eminyaka kamva, okanye ingaze ibekho. Uhlolo oluqhutywa kusemgceni ophambili lungafumana siphumo, ngoxa ulinde iingozi ezide kakhulu kusetyenziswa i-data ephelelwe lixesha. Iziphumo ezinamandla (umz., iifekta ezizama ukuphembelela ukuthobela) zinokuguqula umgangatho olawulayo.

Ukuxhathisa nokubetha

Izinto ezilawulwayo zingaxhathisa ukuqokelelwa kogcino-lwazi okanye zinike ingxelo ecwangcisiweyo ukucutha ukuthelekisa okuthelekelelwayo. Oku kunokuchaphazela zombini ukuthobela imilinganiselo kunye neziphumo. Umzekelo, iifemu eziphantsi kongcoliso lwemibhobho ekhutshwayo zingabonakala ziphumelela ngakumbi kunayo. Uphicotho-manani oluzimeleyo kunye noqinisekiso lwesithathu lunganciphisa ukungcakaza kodwa zongeza ixabiso.

Ukuphazamiseka Kwezobupolitika Nezeziko

Uhlolo olubonisa ukuba umthetho awusebenzi lungaphazamisana nezobupolitika. Iimeko zingajamelana noxinzelelo lokupapasha iziphumo ezifanelekileyo kuphela, okanye uqingqo-mali lunganqanyulwa xa iziphumo zichanile. I-ertlia isenokukuthintela ukusetyenziswa kovavanyo olufunyenweyo ekuhlaziyeni imithetho. Ukwakha isithethe sokuhlola kufuna ukhokelo kunye nozibophelelo lwexesha elide.

Uphando lwetyala kuvavanyo lomgaqo-nkqubo

Uvavanyo lwehlabathi lokwenene lubonisa indlela inkcubeko ehambelana ngayo. Ezi meko zilandelayo zibalaselisa imilinganiso eyahlukeneyo kunye neendlela ezisetyenziswayo.

Umthetho womoya ococekileyo (Umgaqo-nkqubo obalulekileyo)

Umthetho wococeko woMtho woMoya wase-U.S. ululunye lwemimiselo evavanywe kakhulu kwimbali. Uhlolo lwe-EPA oluphinda-phindeke lusebenzisa intlanganisela ye-data yokuthobela, ukujonga ubunjani bomoya (ukufumana imilinganiselo), kunye nokuchaphazeleka kwempilo. Uhlolisiso olubonisa ukuba phakathi ko-1970 no-202020, lo mthetho uthintele ukufa ngaphambi kwexesha okungamakhulu amabini ngonyaka. Uvavanyo luxhomekeke kumahluko-umahluko othelekisa umlinganiselo wongcoliso olusisiseko, ngokunjalo nohlolo-benefifisho olubonisa iinzuzo ezingaphaya kwexabiso lento engamashumi amathathu anesithathu e-2020202020 esetyenziswa ukuthethelela ukupheliswa kweminxeko yomgangatho womoya olandelayo kunye nokubekwa komgangatho womgangatho womgangatho womoya.

UMthetho weDodd-Frank (Umiselo-mali)

Idlule emva kwengxaki yemali yowama-2008, uDodd-Frank ojolise ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wesixokelelwano kunye nokukhusela abathengi. Uhlolo lujolise kwimilinganiso efana nomlinganiselo wekomkhulu lebhanki, umlinganiselo womngcipheko wokuzikhusela, kunye nenani lokungaphumeleli kwebhanki. Uphando lokusebenzisa i-data yebhanki ngokwekota kunye nobuchule bokubuyela umva komgqaliselo womgangatho wesixhobo soncedo olufunyenweyo ukuba ulawulo olusondeleyo phantsi komgangatho weDodd-Frank luncitshisiwe kodwa kwakhona lwandisa iindleko zeebhanki ezincinci. Udliwano-ndlebe nolwando lwamanani olwenziweyo lwatyhila ukuba iibhanki zengingo zoluntu zizama ukuchaza umthwalo, inkqubela yonyaka 2018. Umzekelo ubonisa indlela ubalo olunoxando olukunyelwayo noxando lwe-ondo lwe-onki ye-ogrativel-ognovo lwamation

Ukulawula umlinganiselo wecuba (Umlinganiselo wokuphiliswa)

Xa iFDA yafumana igunya lokulawula imveliso yecuba ngo- 2009, yasebenzisa imiqathango yezibhengezo, iilebhile ezilumkisayo, kunye nokuvalwa komongi. Abaququzeleli baye basebenzisa iimodeli zexesha eziphazamisekileyo ezinee-data zomgangatho wokuthengisa evenkile ukubonisa ukuba ukuvalwa koburhalaliso kuncitshisiwe kolwando lolutsha ngama-40%. Uvavanyo lwabathengisi kunye namaqela ajolise kubantwana abakwishumi elivisayo anike ingxelo enika ingxelo yokuba: ukuvalwa komsebenzi kuba basusa i-amorenti entle, kodwa ulutsha luye lwatshintshelwa kwi-intanethi. Oku kukhokelela ekunyuseni ulungiso ngokuchasene norhwebo lwe-e-commerce. Udweliso lwe-FDA [[FTLT:0] Inkqubo yezobunzululwazi ye-Adgistration iyaqhubeka ukuncintinga imali yokuthelisa okokuba luthengise oko kusenziwa emva kweprotoodmisho.

Ulungiso lwemfihlo

I-European Union’s General Data Protection Regration, esebenzayo ngo-2018, ejolise ekomelezeni amalungelo ogcino-lwazi. Ukuphumelela kwayo kulucelomngeni ngenxa yobume bogcino-lwazi olusehlabathini lonke. IMetrics ziquka inani lokwaphula ulwazi, intengo ebekwe, kunye nohlolo lokuthemba abathengi. Uhlolisiso oludityanisiweyo oludityanisiweyo lokuhlolwa kolwaphulo-lwabiwo-mali (lolwandekileyo) ngodliwano-ndlebe lwamagosa ayimfihlo lufumanise ukuba umgaqo wandisa ukuphaphaka oku kodwa kwakhona uvelisa imithwalo yokuthobela inkampani encinane. Uvavanyo lwabalaselubalase imfuneko yokugcinwa kolwando kunye nokuhlahlela kumalungu.

Isiphelo: Kumphathi okrelekrele

Ukuguqula ukusebenza kolawulo asikokwenza uqeqesho lwexesha elinye kodwa kukuzibophelela okuqhubekayo. Njengokuba ukuntsonkotha kwezoqoqosho kunye nemekobume kukhula, ngokufanayo nemfuneko yokuqiqa, uqikelelo olucace gca. Iimetric kunye neendlela ezichazwe kweli nqaku ````ukusebenzisa isantya sokuthobela kunye nohlalutyo-lwexabiso lokufaka intengiso-intengiso-intengiso kunye noxanduva lwesixhobo esinokuphuculwa nawuphi na umxholo womthetho. Akukho sixhobo sinye esigqibeleleyo. Uvavanyo olungcono ludibanisa ukufikelela, ukuvuma ukungaqiniseki, nokufuna ngokuzimisela ubungqina bokungaqiniseki.

Imingeni yokufumaneka kogcino-lwazi, ukuveliswa, nokuchaswa kwezobupolitika yeyokwenene, kodwa ayingolophulelo. Oorhulumente bangafakela kwizibonelelo zogcino-lwazi, ukugunyazisa iiyunithi zokuhlola ezizimeleyo, kunye nokwakha iindlela zokuphumeza ezivumela imimiselo ukuba izenzeke. Usukelo olugqibeleleyo asikokufumana isigqibo sokugqibela kumthetho kodwa kukudala inkqubo esebenzayo yokufunda nokuphuculwa. Ukwenziwa kwemithetho elinganiswa kakuhle kunokuzuza ukuthemba, ukudlulisela iziphumo, kwaye kuncede umdla kawonke-wonke ngokunempumelelo kakhulu kunemithetho engakhange isetyenziswe.