Table of Contents

Kumazwe olawulo-mpuku ehlabathini lonke, ukukwazi kweentatheli ukunikela ingxelo ngokukhululekileyo ngemicimbi yomdla kawonke-wonke kungumqondiso obalulekileyo wedemokhrasi. Kodwa ijelo-ndaba elikhululekileyo aliyombopheleleko yeentatheli nentlangano yamajelo-ndaba kuphela. Kufuna ukuba abantu babe nenxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kubemi ngokwabo. Xa besebenzisa amajelo eendaba, banceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho iimbono ezahlukeneyo, ukukhupha imicimbi efuna ingxele-ayo, kwaye baqinise iziseko zolawulo lwedemokhrasi. Olu khokelo lunentsingiselo luzigocagocagocagocagozo eziluncedo abemi banokuthabatha inxaxheba kwaye baxhase igalelo lomatshini bamahlalo-ndaba, nto leyo inegalelo kummandla olungileyo womntu wonke.

Ukuqonda Indima Yabemi Kwiingxelo Ezikhululekileyo

Iphephandaba elikhululekileyo lingaxelela abemi ngeempumezo okanye ukungaphumeleli kwenkokeli zabo, lidlulisele iimfuno neminqweno yabantu kumaqumrhu karhulumente, lize linikezele iqonga lokunika ulwazi oluvulekileyo kunye neengcamango. Noko ke, lo msebenzi ubalulekileyo uxhomekeke kukhuseleko lomgaqo-siseko kunye nokuthembeka komcholacholi-ndaba. Abahlali kufuneka basebenzise izixhobo ezinikwa nguMgaqo-siseko: ukuthetha, ukubuza imibuzo, ukucel ’ umngeni, ukuxhasa umatshini okhululekileyo, kunye nokuvota .

Ukuthabatha inxaxheba kwezobupolitika nakuluntu kubaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni kwedemokhrasi, umthetho, ukubandakanya nokuphuhliswa kwentlalo kunye nokuphuhliswa kwamalungelo abantu, kunye nokukhuthazwa kwawo onke amalungelo abantu. Xa abemi besebenza ngokukhutheleyo ngamajelo eendaba (ngoxa bewasebenzisa ngokungqongqo amajelo eendaba) ngokuwaxhasa ngokuzimela kakubi, okanye ngokunikela ngezabo iintetho , okanye ngokunikela amazwi abo kwinkqubo yedemokhrasi ngokwayo. La malungelo anxulumene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa namanye amalungelo abantu afana namalungelo endibano kunye nomanyano, inkululeko yoluvo namazwi namalungelo emfundo kunye nolwazi.

Ukuhlakulela Ubuchule Bokucinga Nobokufunda

Isiseko sokuba ummi abe nenxaxheba kwijelo lokushicilela elikhululekileyo siqala ngokufunda ukulesa nokugxeka izinto.

Yintoni Ukufunda Nokubhala Kwamajelo Eendaba?

Ukukwazi ukufunda eendaba kubuchule bokuhlolisisa, ukuhlolisisa nokutolika inkcazelo ekhutshwa kumajelo eendaba. Kubandakanya ukuqonda indlela eziveliswa ngayo iindaba, ukuchonga ikhethe nenkcazelo ephosakeleyo, nokukwazi ukwahlula phakathi kwenyaniso neembono. Kwihlabathi lethu lanamhlanje, apho inkcazelo ifumaneka ngokukhawuleza kwaye isoloko itshintsha, ulwazi oluphuma kumajelo eendaba luye lwaba bubuchule obubalulekileyo kubantu abadala ukuze balungelelanise amajelo eendaba baze benze izigqibo ezingolwazi.

Ukufunda nokubhala kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuxhobiseni abafundi ngobuchule bokucinga obubalulekileyo ukuze bahlole imithombo-ndaba, bachaze ikhethe, baze baqonde inkcazelo ethembekileyo kubuxoki. Obu buchule buyenziwa budlulele ngaphaya kwemimiselo yemfundo esisiseko, qhaga lomntu ngamnye ohlala ehleli efuna ukuphuhlisa nokucoceka.

Ubuchule Bokucinga Obubalulekileyo Bokusetyenziswa Kwezibhengezo

Ukucinga okuphambili kuyinxalenye ephambili yokufundwa kwamajelo eendaba, njengoko kuvumela abantu ukuba bahlolisise ukuchana nokuthembeka kwemithombo yamajelo eendaba, baqonde ikhethe kunye nenkcazelo ephosakeleyo, baze benze izigqibo ezithe ngqo. Ubuchule obuninzi obuthile busisiseko sokusetyenziswa kwamajelo eendaba agxekayo:

Umthombo we-evastity: Obunye ubuchule obubalulekileyo bokucinga obuxhasa ukufunda eendaba bubuchule bokujonga imithombo. Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, apho nabani na angapapasha khona ulwazi kwi-intanethi, kubalulekile ukukwazi ukwahlula phakathi kwemithombo ethembekileyo naleyo ingenabunyani. Oku kuthetha ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kwemithombo yokuqala neyokuqala, ukwamkela xa umthombo usukrukile okanye ungenasihloko, nokuvavanya umbhali okanye umvakalisi.

[[NTLA] Ulwazi oludityanisiweyo:[[FT:1] ubuchule bokucinga obubalulekileyo obuxhasa ukufunda iindaba bubuchule bohlalutyo lolwazi. Oku kubandakanya ukuqhekeza ulwazi oluntsonkothileyo kwinxalenye yalo, ukujonga ubungqina obunikeziweyo, nokuqwalasela intsingiselo yolwazi. Xa kudibana namanani okanye ugcino-lwazi kumanqaku eendaba, abemi kufuneka bahlolisise indlela yolwazi, imilinganiselo, kunye noncedo kwinkupho exutyushwayo.

Ukubeka izibheno: Zonke imithombo yeendaba isebenza ngokweembono ezithile, kwaye imithombo yeendaba inokuba nekhethe elisekelwe kwimilinganiselo yezobupolitika okanye yentlalo, izilangazelelo zemali, okanye iimbono zobuqu. Ukubona ezi khethe akuthethi kuthi uphendulo lupheleliselwe phantsi komthombo, kodwa kunoko ukuqonda ilens apho ulwazi lunikezelwa khona.

Ubugcisa obusebenzisekayo bokuchonga inyani noqinisekiso

Ngaphandle kobuchule bokucinga obuqhelekileyo, abemi banokusebenzisa iindlela ezikhethekileyo ukuqinisekisa inkcazelo nokulwa nenkcazelo ephosakeleyo:

  • Inkcazelo ekhethwayo kulwazi olunqamlezileyo kwimithombo emininzi enesatifiketi phambi kokuba ivunywe njengenyani
  • Jonga umhla wempapasho ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulwazi luyasebenza kwaye lufanelekile
  • Uphando ngeemfaneleko zombhali nobuchule bakhe kumbandela
  • Khangela ucaphulo nemithombo yantlandlolo ye-data okanye imicaphulo
  • Sebenzisa ii-website zokukhangela inyani njenge-QictCCHEC.org, Snopes, okanye i-PritiFact ukuqinisekisa oko kuthethwayo okuthandabuzekayo
  • Yiba ngamathandabuzo kwimixholo ephambili ebonakala yenzelwe ukuvuselela iimvakalelo
  • Hlola imifanekiso neevidiyo ukuze ubonise iimpawu zokusebenzisa iziyobisi okanye ukulahlekisa

Oku kubalulekile kuba kunokukunceda ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwenkcazelo ephosakeleyo nengachananga, zombini ezinokuba nemiphumo enzulu, enjengokusasaza inkcazelo engeyonyaniso ngempilo, unyulo, okanye imiba yentlalo. Ubuchule bokufunda amajelo eendaba bunokubanceda abafundi baqonde ukunikela ingxelo eyingozi okanye ukwabelana, baze bathabathe amanyathelo okuphelisa ukusasazeka kwabo.

Ukwakha Imikhwa Yokufunda Ezaveliswa Ngamajelo

Ukuphuhlisa ukufundiswa kwezixhobo zekhompyutha yinkqubo eqhubekayo efuna ukuqhelisa ngokuzingisileyo.

[[FLT: 0] Idibanisa i Windows Zakho Ezininzi: iindaba ezifumaneka kwimithombo emininzi emele iimbono ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela zomhleli. Oku kukunceda uqonde indlela esi siganeko sinye esinokufakwa ngayo ngokwahlukileyo kwaye uphuhlise ubuchule bakho bokuchonga ikhethelo nokhetho lomhleli.

[[FLT: 0] Ukufumana izibonelelo zeMedia zemfundo esezantsi: Imibutho emininzi inika ubuncwane bamahhala ukunceda abemi balapho bakhulise obu buchule. I- News Literacy Project, First Dift, ne-Mediwipwie inika izinto zokufundisa, iinkampani zokusebenzela, kunye nezixhobo zokuvavanya iindaba kunye nolwazi.

[[FLT: 0] Isenzo sokufunda iLateral Read Read Reads: Kunokuba ufunde ngokunzulu kwimvelaphi enye phambi kokuyivavanya, vula iitab ezintsha zokhangelo ukuze uphande imvelaphi ngokwayo, umbhali, kunye nezibhengezo eziye zenziwa. Obu buchule, obusetyenziswa ngabakhangeli-zizolwazi, bukunceda ukhawuleze uvavanye ukunyaniseka.

Quetion Our Af Biases: Sonke sinobuhlanga () utyekelo lokuxhasa ulwazi oluqinisekisa iinkolelo zethu ezikhoyo. funa ulwazi oluchazwe kakuhle oluvavanya iintengo zakho kwaye zimisele ukuhlaziya ukuqonda kwakho okusekelwe kubungqina.

Ukuxhasa ukuzimela nokuHlakulela koMgangatho

Enye yezona ndlela zingqalileyo abemi abanokuba nenxaxheba kuzo ekulondolozeni amajelo eendaba akhululekileyo kukuxhasa imithombo yemali nentlalo yabantu, ingakumbi iindawo ezizimeleyo zokukhupha unxibelelwano ezisenokungabi namali kwimibutho emikhulu yamajelo eendaba.

Isizathu Sokuba Imibandela Ebangelwa Zizinto Ezingaxhomekekanga Kumaziko Endaba

Inkululeko yamajelo eendaba ibiwohloka ehlabathini lonke ukutyhubela ishumi leminyaka elidluleyo. Kwanakwezona inkokeli ezinempembelelo enkulu kulawulo-melo ehlabathini, iinkokeli zekhompyutha ezilawulayo ziye zavelela imigudu engqinelanayo yokukhuthaza ukuzimela ngokwamajelo eendaba. Kulo mongo, ukuphuma kwezixhobo ezizimeleyo zonxibelelwano kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulondolozeni iimbono ezahlukeneyo nasekugcineni igunya linetyala.

Imibutho yogcino-lwazi oluzimeleyo idla ngokugxininisa kwiingxelo zophando, ukukhutshelwa kweendaba zasekuhlaleni, kunye nokungasetyenziswa kakhulu kwabantu abachaphazelekayo .

Ekunokukhethwa kuko kwenkxaso yezimali

Iintlawulo zemali zinokuxhasa ubalo-nkcazelo olunexabiso:

Inkcazo kunye neenqanawa zamalungu: Imibutho emininzi yeendaba ngoku inikela imirhumo yamanani okanye iinkqubo zamalungu. Ngokuhlawula iindaba, nixhasa ngokungqalileyo iintatheli, abahleli, kunye nabasebenzi abavelisa i-. Cinga ngokubhalisela intlanganisela yemixube yesizwe neyobulali ukuxhasa ubundiliseko kwimigangatho emininzi yoomatshini.

Izivumelwano kwimibutho yeendaba ezingeyongeniso: Kuninzi ukhupho lomgangatho ophezulu weendaba olusebenza njengengeniso, kuquka iPublica, iPrall Projekthi, kunye namakhulu eeprojekthi zophando lwasekuhlaleni. Ukunikezela kwezi ntlangano kusoloko kukhutshelwa irhafu kwaye kuxhaswa ngqo lwabiwo-mali lukawonke-wonke oononcwadi abangenelelayo.

Iqokelela iprojekthi ezikhethekileyo: Ezinye iintatheli kunye nemibutho yamaphephandaba zisebenzisa iqonga njenge Kickkstart okanye iPatrion ukuxhasa iiprojekthi ezithile zophando okanye intengiso eqhubekayo. Oku kuvumela abemi ukuba baxhase ubujongo ngqo kwimixholo abayikhathaleleyo.

Ukurhweba eendaba zikawonke-wonke: unomathotholo nomabonwakude unika intlawulo yendaba ebalulekileyo, ingakumbi kuluntu lwasekuhlaleni. Ukunikela kwi-NPR yobulali okanye kwisikhululo se-PBS kunceda ukuxhasa lo mnikelo ubalulekileyo.

Iindlela ezingezizo ezemali zokuxhasa ubuGcisa boBulunga

Asinguye wonke umntu okwaziyo ukubhalisa imithombo emininzi yeendaba, kodwa zininzi ezinye iindlela zokuxhasa uncwadi olunexabiso:

  • Ukwabelana ngamanqaku achazwe kakuhle kwi-intanethi kunye namagqabaza afanelekileyo ngesizathu sokuba imicimbi
  • Zincomele izikhundla ezisemgangathweni zabahlobo, intsapho, nabo usebenza nabo
  • Ukuya kwiziganeko zoondaba basekuhlaleni, kwiiholo zeedolophu, okanye kwimimandla yoluntu eququzelelwa yimibutho yeendaba
  • Nikela ingxelo evakalayo kwiintatheli nakumhleli xa uwuxabisa umsebenzi wabo
  • Zithethele iintatheli uze usasaze inkululeko encokolweni nakumaziko eendaba
  • Ukuxhasa iinkqubo ezixhasa ugcino-lwazi, njengetyala lerhafu lokubhalisa iindaba okanye ukuxhasa

Ukusebenzisana Ngokukhutheleyo Noodali Bezinto Ezisasazwayo

Iphephandaba elikhululekileyo lidla ngokuxhaphaka kwincoko phakathi kweentatheli nabantu abakhonza kubo. Izakhamuzi zingaluqinisa olu lwalamano ngokuzibophelela ngokukhuthazana nabapapashi bezixhobo zekhompyutha.

Ukunikezela ngookwondla abakhayo

Intatheli nabahleli baxabisa ingxelo evela kubaphulaphuli babo, ingakumbi xa ichaza kwaye yakha. Xa uphawula impazamo, unemibuzo ngentlawulo, okanye ufuna ukucebisa ngebali, fumana ulwazi ngqo:

  • Thumela ii-imeyili kubacholacholi okanye kumhleli onolungiso olucacileyo, oluyinyaniso okanye olongezelelweyo lomongo
  • Sebenzisa amajelo okuncokola ukuze unxibelelane ngentlonelo neentatheli ngengxelo yazo
  • Yiba nenxaxheba kumacandelo agqabazayo, wongezelela ukubaluleka kwencoko kunokuba uphendule nje
  • Ukuhambelana nembono yakho ngeentlanganiso zengingqi okanye
  • Uphando lokufunda luza kugqitywa xa imibutho yeendaba icela ingxelo ngokuhlahlela izinto eziza kuqala

Xa unikela ingxelo, qwalasela kwintsingiselo yengxelo kunokuhlasela intatheli ngokobuqu. Ingcaciso ecacileyo, ii-critique ezisekelwe kubungqina zinokuthathwa nzulu kakhulu kunezikhalazo eziqhelekileyo okanye ukuhlasela komntu ngamnye.

Ukunikela Ngelizwi Lakho Nendlela Osebenza Ngayo

Abemi abafuni ukuba ngabachongi abangoontatheli abangoogcisa ukuze bancedise kwizinto eziphila kwiindaba. Kukho amathuba amaninzi okuba abantu bachaze ulwazi lwabo, amava abo, nendlela abajonga ngayo izinto:

Izivumelwano kuMhleli noMhleli weOp-eds: Amaphephandaba neewebhsayithi ezininzi zamaphephandaba zamkela iileta kumhleli nakumalungu oluntu. Le minikelo ikuvumela ukuba uphendule kwintlawulo, uthelele imbono yakho kwimibandela, okanye uzise ingqalelo kwimixholo engahoywayo.

Umthombo weentatheli: Ukuba unobuchule kummandla othile okanye amava angqalileyo akhutshelweyo, qwalasela ukufikelela kwiintatheli njengomthombo onokwenzeka. Iintatheli ezininzi zigcina uluhlu lweengcaphephe zengingqi zengingqi ezingabuza amabali ahlukahlukeneyo.

ICitazen Journalism: Ngelixesha ubujoni obunobuchule bugcina imilinganiselo ebalulekileyo nemilinganiselo yokuziphatha, abemi bangafak' isandla kwingxelo eluncedo, ingakumbi malunga nemicimbi yendawo ephezulu okanye uluntu olunokungahoyi amajelo eendaba angokwesithethe. Oku kungaquka ukubhala iziganeko zoluntu, ukunikela ingxelo ngeentlanganiso zikarhulumente zasekuhlaleni, okanye ukwabelana ngeengxelo zobuqu zeziganeko ezibalulekileyo.

I-Commonity Correspontents: Eminye imibutho yeendaba ineenkqubo ezicwangcisiweyo kumalungu oluntu ukubonelela ngengxelo okanye iimbono ezivela kwimimandla okanye kwiindawo zobugcisa bawo. Ezi nkqubo zinika inkxaso kunye nenkxaso yomhleli ngoxa intlukwano isanda.

Ukuba Nenxaxheba Kwintetho Yesidlangalala

Ukuthabatha inxaxheba kwedemokhrasi kuqondwa ngokubanzi njengenkqubo exhomekeke kwiinkqubo eziliqela zesiseko soluntu, kuquka unxibelelwano lukawonke-wonke, ulwalamano phakathi kwabantu kunye nentlalo-ntle yezobupolitika. Unxibelelwano lujongwa njengolubalulekileyo kwiingcamango zezobupolitika, njengoko luvumela ukuqukuqela kweengcamango phakathi kwabemi, lubenza bakwazi ukunikela iingcamango zabo, luphuhlise umgwebo wabo, yaye ngaloo ndlela lubumba ubudlelane bokwenza ukuthanda kwabo.

Abahlali banokuba nenxaxheba kule ntetho yesidlangalala ngokuthi:

  • Ukuncokola ngeendaba nezinto ezenzekayo nabahlobo, intsapho nabantu osebenza nabo
  • Ukunikela ingqalelo kwimicimbi ye - Internet nakwiingxoxo ezikwimibandela yoluntu
  • Ukuya kwiindawo zokutyela, iiholo zedolophu neentlanganiso zesidlangalala
  • Ukuthetha ngeembono ezahlukeneyo nokukhuthaza abanye ukuba baqwalasele iimbono ezininzi
  • Ukufuzisela ukungavumelani ngentlonelo kunye nengxoxo esekelwe kubungqina

Ukukhuthaza Ukufunda Amajelo eendaba Kuluntu Lwakho

Ukufunda ngeendaba kubalulekile, kodwa abantu banokuvelisa impembelelo yabo ngokunceda abanye baphucule obu buchule bubalulekileyo.

Amanyathelo Okuqala Emfundo

Abemi banokuxhasa okanye balungiselele iinkqubo zemfundo zokwakha ukulesa nokubhala kwimithombo yekhompyutha kwiindawo abahlala kuzo:

Iinkqubo ze-School: Umxhasi wokufundisa ukukhuphela ulwazi kwizixhobo zoqhagamshelwano kwizikolo zasekuhlaleni. Zivote ukuthetha kwiiklasi ngokuvavanya imithombo yeendaba, okanye uxhase abafundisi-lwazi abadibanisa obu buchule kwizifundo zabo. Izikolo ezininzi azinazo izibonelelo zemfundo yolwazi olubanzi, kwaye inkxaso yoluntu ingenza umahluko omkhulu.

IiNkqubo zoLuntu: amathala eencwadi oluntu anika iitepi zomsebenzi wokubhala nokwenza ubugcisa bobugcisa. Ukuxhasa ezi zindululo ngokuya kwiinkqubo, ngokucebisa imixholo, okanye ngokusebenza ngokuzithandela ukunceda ukucwangcisa iziganeko.

[[NTL:0] Iivenkile zokusebenza ezisisiko: hlela okanye uye kwimisebenzi ejolise kubuchule bokufunda nokubhala. Ezi zingajolisa kumaqela athile, afana nabantu abadala abanokuba sengozini enkulu yokufumana iinkcazelo ze-intanethi, okanye abazali abafuna ukunceda abantwana babo basebenzise amanani aphezulu.

[[FLT: 0] Uqeqesho lokusebenza: ukhuthaza umqeshi wakho ukuba anikele uqeqesho lokufunda kwizixhobo zobugcisa njengenxalenye yenkqubela-phambili yezobugcisa. Kwixesha lenkohliso, obu buchule buxabisekile phantse kuyo yonke imisebenzi.

Intsapho Neziko Loluntu

Enye yezona mfundo zibalulekileyo kumajelo eendaba ibakho ngokungacwangciswanga:

  • Xubusha amabali eendaba namalungu entsapho, umisele indlela yokucinga egxekayo ngokubuza imibuzo ngemithombo, ubungqina, nokuba nekhethe
  • Nceda izalamane ezikhulileyo zibone iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokungachani nokukhohlisa
  • Khuthaza ulutsha ukuba luthandabuze oko lukubona kwi - Internet luze luqinisekise inkcazelo ngaphambi kokuba luyixubushe
  • Yabelana noonobumba abathembekileyo
  • Xa ubona kukho iimpazamo, zilungise ngobuchule ngolwazi oluchanileyo nangemithombo

Ukudala nokwabelana ngoovimba

Abemi abanobuchule okanye abanomdla wokufunda amajelo eendaba banokuvelisa izinto zokunceda abanye:

  • Zibonele izinto eziluncedo onokuzifumana xa uhlola imithombo yeendaba
  • Isalathisi somsebenzi wePhondo
  • Yenza umxholo we-media okhuthaza ukufunda nokubhala
  • Bhala iiWeb site okanye amanqaku athetha ngamava noluvo lwakho ngokuhamba ngeendawo ezisemagqabini
  • Phuma iividiyo okanye iingxoxo ezixubusha ngemixholo yokufunda kwijelo leendaba ngeendlela ezifikelelekayo

Ukukhusela Inkululeko Yokushicilela namalungelo eentatheli

Ukuxhasa ijelo lamaphephandaba elikhululekileyo maxa wambi kuthetha ukuyikhusela ngokukhutheleyo kwizisongelo nakwiintlaselo. IHouse yeFreedom incedisa iintatheli ezilwayo, kuquka abo baphanda ukunganyaniseki nokusetyenziswa kakubi kwegunya, kodwa kwakhona abemi banendima ebalulekileyo ekuzikhuseleni.

Ukuqonda Kuzisa Izisongelo Zokucinezela Inkululeko

Kule mihla, inkululeko yokucinezela ijongene nocelomngeni oluninzi:

  • Ukusongela ngokoqobo nogonyamelo kwiintatheli
  • Ukukhathazwa ngokusemthethweni ngokumangalelwa ngokungekho ngqiqweni okanye ngokumangalelwa
  • Ingcinezelo yezoqoqosho ngokungakhathalelwa kwezibhengezo okanye ngokuqiniswa kobumnini
  • Ukuhlaselwa ngamanani kuquka ukuqhekezwa, ukuxhotyiswa kwezixhobo kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwamaphulo okungcungcuthekiswa
  • Ulawulo lorhulumente kunye nemiqathango yokufikelela
  • Ukudityaniswa kokuthemba uluntu ngamaphulo alungelelanisiweyo

Abemi Banokuthabatha Izenzo

Xa inkululeko yokusebenza kwimicimbi isengozini, abemi banokusabela ngeendlela eziliqela:

Thetha : Xa iintatheli zijamelene nokukhathazwa, izisongelo, okanye inyathelo elingekho sikweni lomthetho, inkxaso kawonke-wonke. Yabelana ngenkcazelo ngala matyala, qhagamshelana namagosa anyuliweyo ukuze avakalise inkxalabo, kwaye ube nenxaxheba kumaphulo axhasa inkululeko yokufakela.

Iqela le-Support Press Freedom Organizations: Amaqela afana neKomiti yokukhusela iintatheli, Abathengisi abangenamida, Indlu yenkululeko, nenkululeko yomsebenzi weProftware ukukhusela iintatheli kunye nenkululeko yokushicilela ehlabathini lonke. Sekela umsebenzi wazo ngeminikelo, ngesisa, okanye ngokunyusa amaphulo abo.

[[NT.0] Imithetho yeSikhuselo seNkxaso yoKhuselo lwasemthethweni: ekhusela imithombo yeentatheli, echasa i-SLAPP (Umthetho wokwahlula-hlula u-mthetho ochasene noPhondo) iisuti zenzelwe ukuphelisa ukuxela, kwaye zixhasa imithetho eqinisekisa ukufumaneka kukawonke-wonke kulwazi lukarhulumente.

Inkxwaleko yenani kwiPhondo: Xa amanani kawonke-wonke ehlasela umatshini wokushicilela okanye iintatheli, thetha ngokukhusela indima yoondaba kwidemokhrasi. Oku akuthethi ukukhusela nqaku ngalinye okanye intatheli ngokungajongi, kodwa kunoko kukhusela umgaqo womatshini okhululekileyo nobuchule bomsebenzi womsebenzi wabo ngaphandle kokoyikisa.

Ubuxhakaxhaka bobuxhaka kunye nezixhobo zamanani

Ubugcisa buye batshintsha ucelomngeni namathuba okuba nenxaxheba kumatshini wokushicilela okhululekileyo.

Iindlela Zonxibelelwano

Iindawo zoshishino zezentlalo-ntle ziye zaba ngamajelo aphambili okusasaza iindaba, kodwa zikwabonisa imingeni enxulumene nenkcazelo ephosakeleyo nentlalo-ntle.

  • Yabelana ngobunewunewu kunokuba yabelane nje ngemixholo ephambili okanye
  • Yongeza umongo xa uncokola namanqaku eendaba, uchaza isizathu sokuba eli bali lingumbandela
  • Qinisekisa inkcazelo ngaphambi kokwabelana, ingakumbi ukuba ivusa iimvakalelo ezinamandla
  • Yibani ngokwakhayo kumagqabaza, nize nifake inkcazelo nendlela enijonga ngayo izinto kunokuba nithabathe nje amanyathelo
  • Ingxelo yenkcazelo ephosakeleyo nento eyingozi kumaziko akwiqonga
  • Phuthuma imithombo eyahlukeneyo ukuphepha amagumbi eentloko
  • Sebenzisa izicwangciso zobuqu uze ulumke ngendlela iiplatfomu eziyisebenzisa ngayo inkcazelo yakho

Izixhobo Zamanani Zokuthengisela Iindaba

Izixhobo ezininzi ezisetyenziswa ngomatshini zinokubanceda abemi balapho bashumayele iindaba ngendlela ephumelelayo:

New Aggregators: Iinkonzo ezifana ne Flipboard, Ngokutyisiweyo, okanye IApple News ikuvumela ukuba uzenzele ulungiso lotyiso lweendaba lwakho oluvela kwimithombo emininzi, ikunceda ulondoloze ukutya koondaba okwahlukeneyo.

[[UMTL:0] Izalathiso- Ezisebenzayo: Isongezo sesikhangeli esinjenge Phepha leendaba okanye iplagi efakiweyo yoqinisekiso lwe IVD inokukunceda ukuba uvavanye ngokukhawuleza ukuthembeka kwemithombo uze uqinisekise imifanekiso neevidiyo.

[[UMTL: 0] Flages : RS ikunika ithuba lokulandela imithombo yeendaba ngqo ngaphandle kohluzo lwe mithetho-manani, ikunika ulawulo olungaphaya koko ukubonayo.

Izixhobo zogcino: Iinkonzo ezifana ne Internet' Hostback Machine ikuvumela unikezele kwiintlobo zangaphambili zamaphepha e web, eziluncedo ekulandeleni indlela amabali aphuhlisa okanye aqinisekise ngayo izinto ebezixelwe ngaphambili.

Ukuqonda Utshintsho Olunamandla

Uphando olufumaneka kwiinkcitho zezentlalo zogcino-lwazi lubonisa ukuba ukunikezelwa kwemithetho-siseko, isakhiwo senethwekhi, kunye nokubonakala komxholo kutshintsha iimeko apho unxibelelwano lwezobupolitika luqhubeka khona. Ukuvela kwenkcazelo engolwazi-lwazi, amagumbi eentloko, kunye namasuntswana ahluza iintloko zentetho kuhlaziywe kwakhona ingcamango yokuba ukwakhiwa kwemichiza kubuchaphazela njani ubunjani nomahluko wentetho yezobupolitika.

Ukuqonda ezi zinto zinamandla kunceda abemi bakwazi ukusebenzisa imithombo yendaba yezobugcisa.

  • Imithetho-mthetho ibeka idinga kuphandle, idla ngokukhuthaza izinto ezibangel ’ umdla okanye ezahlulayo
  • Ukutyiwa kwakho kwe-intanethi akumelanga uluvo oluphangaleleyo lukawonke-wonke
  • Izakhono zokwakha imali zinokukuhlawula imali, nto leyo esenokungavumelani nezinto onomdla kuzo njengommi
  • Amagumbi entlokoma angenza ngokuzenzekelayo ngeziphumo zenethwekhi kunye nokuzinziswa kwemithetho-siseko

Ukunikela Inxaxheba Kumaziko eendaba Asekuhlaleni Nawasekuhlaleni

Ngelixesha iindaba zelizwe nezizwe ngezizwe zifumana ingqalelo ebalaseleyo, ubujongo basekuhlaleni busisiseko sokuthatha inxaxheba kuluntu olunolwazi kwaye buye banzima kakhulu ngenxa yeengxaki zezoqoqosho ezijongene noshishino lweendaba.

Ukubaluleka Kweendaba Zasekuhlaleni

Iindaba zasekuhlaleni zigubungela amabhunga esixeko, iibhodi zesikolo, iinkundla zenkundla zasekuhlaleni, kunye nemicimbi yasekuhlaleni echaphazela ubomi bemihla ngemihla babemi. Le ngxelo ibalulekile ekuphenduleni ityala lasekuhlaleni nasekuthabatheni inxaxheba kwezentlalo-ntle, ukanti abantu abaninzi baye baba "ziinqobo" njengoko amaphephandaba asekuhlaleni evalelwe okanye encitshiswa kakhulu.

Ukuxhasa Ijelo Lemidlalo Lasekuhlaleni

Abemi banokuthatha inxaxheba kwimicimbi ethile ukuxhasa iindaba zengingqi:

  • Zibophelele kwiphephandaba okanye kwiwebhsayithi yakho yeendaba
  • Ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zoncedo
  • Ukuxhasa ukuqaliswa kweendaba zasekuhlaleni
  • zincwadi zokuzithandela kunomathotholo okanye kwizikhululo zikamabonwakude
  • Phendula iingxelo zomsebenzi weendaba zasekuhlaleni
  • Ukuxhasa iindaba zasekuhlaleni kwiingxoxo neenkokeli zoluntu namagosa anyuliweyo

Ukuthabatha Inxaxheba Kumajelo eendaba Oluntu

Uluntu oluninzi lunamathuba okuba nenxaxheba ngokuthe ngqo kwindalo yamajelo eendaba:

Unomathotholo we-communiy: izitishi zikanomathotholo zoluntu zisoloko zamkela amatsha - ntliziyo ukuvelisa iinkqubo, ukubonelela ngentcazelo, okanye uncedo ngemisebenzi yesikhululo.

Umabonwakude we-Public Access: Iinkqubo ezininzi zentsontelo yentsimbi ziquka iziteshi zonikezelo zikawonke-wonke apho amalungu oluntu anokuvelisa kunye neenkqubo zomoya.

[[NTL: 0] Izixhobo zamanani zikwenza kube lula kakhulu ukwenza imithombo yeendaba yendawo ephezulu. Cinga ukuqala okanye ufak' isandla kwiblog yongingqi okanye iphepha-ndaba eligquma amatyala asekuhlaleni.

[[FUT:0] I-commony News Cooperatives: Ezinye iindawo ziye zaseka imibutho yeendaba yentsebenziswano apho amalungu anikela khona ngemali kunye nangokuthabatha inxaxheba kwizigqibo zokunikezela kunye nokunika ingxelo.

Ukuqonda Amalungelo Neembopheleleko Zakho

Ukuba nenxaxheba kwisixhobo sokushicilela esikhululekileyo kufuna uwaqonde amalungelo akho njengommi neembopheleleko zakho kwizinto eziphilayo.

Amalungelo Okuhlaziywa Kokuqala Nemida

Abaseki besizwe sethu babeyisekile ngemfuneko yabemi yolwazi olunokuthenjwa ukuba babe ngabavoti abanolwazi kangangokuba bafaka inkululeko yamaphephandaba kwiSihlaziyo Sokuqala, bavuma malunga neminyaka engama-60 emva kwetyala likaZenger, ngonyaka we-1791. Olu khuseleko lomgaqo-siseko lunabela nakubemi kunye neentatheli ezingoochwepheshe.

Ukuqonda la malungelo kuquka ukwazi:

  • Ilungelo lakho lokufikelela iintlanganiso zikawonke-wonke neerekhodi zikarhulumente
  • Ilungelo lakho lokufota nokurekhoda kwizithuba zikawonke-wonke
  • Ilungelo lakho lokuchaza izimvo nokwabelana ngenkcazelo
  • Ukusikelwa umda kula malungelo, kuquka imithetho echasene nokuhlab
  • Umahluko phakathi kohlalutyo lukarhulumente (ngokuqhelekileyo olungavumelekanga) nobungcathu kwiqonga labucala (ngokuqhelekileyo livumelekile)

Iimbopheleleko Ezifanelekileyo

Ilungelo lokuba nenxaxheba kwintetho yesidlangalala linembopheleleko yokwenjenjalo ngokwemilinganiselo efanelekileyo:

[[UMTL:0] Accurite: Yenza imigudu esengqiqweni ukuqinisekisa ulwazi phambi kokuba lwabelane ngalo. Ukuba ufumanise ukuba wabelane ngento engachananga, yilungise ngokukhawuleza.

[[UMTL:0] I-ethernable: cacisa ucalucalulo lwakho, imisantsa yomdla, kunye nothintelo lolwazi. Ukuba uyabelana ngoluvo kunokuba ube yinyaniso, yenza umahluko ucace.

[[UMTL:0] I-Respect: Ukuncedisa kwintetho yesidlangalala ngentlonelo, kwanaxa ungavumelaniyo. Ukuhlasela nokungcungcuthekiswa komntu siqu kuphazamisa incoko evelisa imveliso.

PRIVITAL:[ Thembela abanye, ingakumbi abantu abangakhethanga ukuba ngamanqaku kawonke-wonke. Yiba nolwazelelelo ngokubelana ngenkcazelo okanye imifanekiso yabanye.

[[UMTLL:0] com: Xa wabelana ngolwazi, nikeza umongo owaneleyo ukwenzela abanye ukuba baluqonde ngokuchanekileyo. Kuphephe ukuthatha iingcaphulo okanye imifanekiso ngaphandle komongo ngendlela ezilahlekisayo.

Ukuhlala Ubandakanyekile Kwixesha Elide

Ukugxothwa yinto yokwenene, kodwa asikuko ukugwetywa. Xa amaziko nabemi besebenza kunye, amandla oluntu ayabuya. Ukuthabatha inxaxheba kumatshini wokushicilela okhululekileyo asikokwenza ixesha elinye kodwa kukuzibophelela okuqhubekayo. Nazi iindlela zokuxhasa ukuganana kwenu:

Ukwakha Imikhwa Ezinzileyo

Kunokuba uzame ukulandela yonke into okanye ubandakanye yonke ingxaki, hlakulela imikhwa enokulondolozwa:

  • Beka bucala amaxesha athile okusebenzisa iindaba kunokusoloko ukhangela uhlaziyo
  • Cinga ngemibandela embalwa okanye imibandela oyixhalabele kakhulu kunokuba uzame ukusoloko usazi yonke into
  • Ukulungelelanisa iindaba zelizwe nezezizwe ngezizwe neengxelo
  • Xa ufuna ukuphepha ukudinwa engqondweni nasemzimbeni, cinga ngeendaba nangezincoko
  • Fumana iindlela zokuthabatha amanyathelo kwimibandela oyikhathaleleyo, enokunceda ekulweni nokuziva ungenakuzenzela nto

Ukunxulumana naBanye

Ukuthabatha inxaxheba kumatshini wokushicilela ongahlawulekiyo kuyaxhaswa yaye kuyasebenza xa kusenziwa ekuhlaleni:

  • Ukuba nembono kunye nokuqonda okukhoyo
  • Ukuncedisa kwimibutho yezentlalo - ntle ejolise kwimibandela oyikhathaleleyo
  • Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi
  • Ukunxulumana nabanye abazimisele njengawe ukufunda nokushicilela
  • Ulutsha olunempembelelo ekukhuliseni ubuchule bokusebenzisa amajelo eendaba

Ukuqhubeka Nemfundo

Amajelo eendaba ayaqhubeka eguquka, nto leyo efuna ukufunda okuqhubekayo:

  • Zifundise ngezinto ezintsha, ubugcisa nocelomngeni kwizinto eziphilayo kwimithombo yezobugcisa
  • ISebe libonise ukuba liyakwazi ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa
  • Funda iincwadi namanqaku athetha ngoondaba, amajelo eendaba nedemokhrasi
  • Funda abahlalutyi bemithombo yezigidi nabaphandi bobulindi ukuze baqonde indlela ezorhwebo ezibonakala ngayo
  • Zimisele ukuhlaziya ukuqonda kwakho njengoko kuvela ulwazi olutsha

Ukuthabatha Inyathelo: Umatshini Wokukhangela Oluncedo

Ukukunceda uqalise okanye ukhulise inxaxheba yakho kumatshini wokushicilela ongahlawulelwayo, nalu uluhlu lwezenzo onokuzenza:

Iintshukumo Zexesha elizayo

  • Zazi izinto ezintathu ezinokuthenjwa ezithetha iimbono ezahlukeneyo uze uzifunde rhoqo
  • Zibophelele okanye unikele ubuncinane kwintlangano enye yezondaba
  • Ukwabelana ngenqaku elichazwe kakuhle kwi-media yezentlalo namagqabaza afanelekileyo ngesizathu sokuba ibaluleke
  • Inyaniso- khangela iceba elinye lolwazi phambi kokuba labelane ngalo
  • Thumela umbhalo woxabiso kwintatheli owuxabisayo umsebenzi wayo

Izenzo Zexeshana Elifutshane (Lenyanga)

  • Yiya kwiintlanganiso zikarhulumente zasekuhlaleni uze ubaxelele abanye oko ukufundileyo
  • Bhala ileta kumhleli okanye gqabaza ngokucingisisayo kwinqaku leendaba
  • Ukujonga izinto zobugcisa eziluncedo nokufunda
  • Hlola amajelo akho eewebhusayithi alandela aze ongeze imithombo eyahlukeneyo, nenokuthenjwa
  • Yiba nencoko nentsapho okanye abahlobo ngokuhlolisisa iindaba

Ukuzibophelela Okuqhubekayo

  • Ukugcina imirhumo okanye iminikelo rhoqo kwimibutho yeendaba entle
  • Ziqhelise ubuchule bokucinga xa ufumana iindaba
  • Phendula kunye neentatheli nezixhobo zokubhengeza
  • Ukukhuthaza ukufundwa kwezixhobo zekhompyutha kuluntu
  • Khusela inkululeko yokushicilela xa isongelwa
  • Zifumane ngemiba yasekuhlaleni ngeendaba zasekuhlaleni
  • Yiba nenxaxheba ngentlonelo nangengqiqo kwintetho yesidlangalala

Oovimba Bokufunda Okungakumbi

Imibutho emininzi nezinto ezininzi ezikhoyo zinokukunceda uqonde uze ube nenxaxheba ngakumbi:

IiNtlanganiso zoQala lokuFunda nokuFunda

  • Iprojekthi ye-News Literacy: Inikezela ngoovimba bokufundisa kunye neenkqubo ukunceda abantu babe ngabaphathi-ndaba (intsha.org)
  • MediaGipwise: Ifundisa ubuchule bokufunda imigangatho yezixhobo zolwazi, ingakumbi kubantu abaselula (ulwazi olukwimedia.org)
  • Udrafti wokuqala: Ijolise ekuthembekeni nasenyanisweni kwixesha lamanani (iidrafters ezintsha.org)
  • Iplanga lokufunda Media: inikezela ngesakhelo kunye noovimba bokufundisa ukukhuphela ulwazi (medilit.org)

Imibutho yenkululeko yokushicilela

  • [[UMTL:0]Committee ukukhusela iintatheli: Ukuthethelela iintatheli ehlabathini lonke (cpj.org)
  • Ababhengezi abangenamida: Imisebenzi yokukhusela inkululeko yokucinezela emhlabeni wonke (rsf.org)
  • [[UMTL: 0] Indlu yenkululeko: Ingoma yokushicilela inkululeko kwaye ixhasa ugcino-lwazi oluzimeleyo (indlu yenkululeko.org)
  • Inkululeko ye-Press Foundation: Inkxaso nokukhusela eyona ngxelo ifuna umdla kawonke-wonke (inkululeko. uxinzelelo)

Oovimba abakhusela inyaniso

  • FactCkeck.org: Iqwalasela ucoselelo oluyinyaniso lwenkcazelo yezobupolitika
  • [[UMTHETHO: 0] PolitiFact: Inyaniso- ikhangela iingxelo ngamanani ezobupolitika
  • Iziphekepheke:[ ii-Pixel, amabali edolophana, kunye nenkcazelo ephosakeleyo
  • Inyaniso ye AP Jonga: I Associated Press's inyathelo lokuqala lokukhangela i Associated Press

Isiphelo: Indima Yakho Kwidemokhrasi

Injongo nemfuneko yokuba kubekho uphando olukhululekileyo kwidemokhrasi kukufuna inyaniso nokucacisa ngokuchanekileyo umsebenzi obalulekileyo wokusebenza kukarhulumente. Lo msebenzi uxhomekeke kungekuphela nje kwiintatheli nakwimibutho yeendaba kodwa kwimisebenzi ekhutheleyo, kubemi abasebenza ngokungqongqo, abaxhasa ubuhlalutyi bomgangatho, nabanenxaxheba ngokucinga.

Inyathelo ngalinye olithathayo . ukusukela ekubhaliseleni iphephandaba lasekuhlaleni ukukhangela inyani phambi kokuba wabelane, ukusuka kwintlanganiso yebhunga lesixeko ukufundisa umntu oselula indlela yokuvavanya imvelaphi [“iii-astrithemissions" isuka kwimeko-bume yezosasazo-lwazi nedemokhrasi entle. Izigidi zabantu baseMerika zifuna ukuba nenxaxheba ngokunzulu ngakumbi kwidemokhrasi.

Imingeni ejongene nobuontantatheli nentetho yedemokhrasi yenene nenentsingiselo, kodwa ayinzima kakhulu. Impendulo kulo celomngeni lwamandulo asiyiyo encinci, kodwa ingakumbi: ukuthatha inxaxheba, amazwi amaninzi, kwaye ingxaki engakumbi ivela kumaMelika emihla le. Ngokuthabatha amanyathelo asebenzisekayo adweliswe kwesi sikhokelo, ungenza indima ebalulekileyo ekusekeleni ukungenelela okukhululekileyo nokomeleza idemokhrasi kuwe kunye noluntu lwakho.

Umatshini wokushicilela okhululekileyo asingomdlalo wababukeli. Oku kufuna ukuba uthathe inxaxheba esebenzayo kubemi. Umbuzo asikokuba unendima oza kuyidlala, kodwa indlela oza kukhetha ngayo ukuyenza. Qala ngesenzo esinye okanye ezibini ezivumelana nawe, zakha imikhwa ehlala ikhona ngexesha, kwaye khumbula ukuba imicimbi yakho yokuthabatha inxaxheba. Idemokhrasi, kuquka umatshini wokushicilela okhululekileyo nonamandla, yakhiwa ngezenzo zemihla ngemihla zabemi abathembisiweyo. Ilizwi lakho, iingcinga zakho ezibukhali, inkxaso yakho, kunye nokuthabatha kwakho inxaxheba kwakho zizinto ezibalulekileyo kulo msebenzi uzenza ungazijongi.