I-odoli ime njengendawo ephambili yolawulo-demokhrasi, ukuguqulela uluntu kwizenzo zobupolitika. Ayiyonkqubo okanye i-CPR ekwindawo yoluntu kuluhlu loluntu; likhondo eliyintloko elithi ngalo abemi babonise ulawulo phezu kweenkokeli zabo, imithetho, kwaye babenexesha elizayo. Kubafundisi, abafundi, kunye nabo bonke amalungu ebutho ledemokhrasi, baqonde isizathu sokuba imicimbi yokuvota //h", kwaye indlela yokuyenza ibaluleke ngokunempumelelo ekulondolozeni nasekuqiniseni ukuzilawula. Le ndlela yandisa ihlola ukubaluleka kolawulo lovota, imbali eshwabalwayo, amanyathelo aluncedo okufaka igalelo, imiqobo eqhubekayo ukuze bathathe inxaxheba, nendlela isizukulwana esilandelayo esinokuphenjelelwa ngayo.

Ukubaluleka Kokwabelana Ngezinto

Isenzo sokuvota sithwala ubunzima obunzulu kuba sidibanisa ngqo ukhetho lomntu ngamnye ekwenzeni isigqibo esimanyeneyo. Ngaphandle kokuvota, ulawulo-melo lungaphazamisana neenkqubo zolawulo-lwazi-lwazi okanye idemokhrasi apho iqela elincinane lifuna inkqubo. Ngapha koko zizizathu ezingundoqo zokuba kufakwe ibhola yokuvota kungenakwamkeleka kwibutho elikhululekileyo.

I-Arhente kunye nokuNika amandla

Iguqula abantu abangenzi nto babe ngabemi abakhutheleyo. Xa uvota, usebenzisa igunya phezu kwemibandela echaphazela ubomi bakho ngqo / irhafu, imali exhaswa yimfundo, inkqubo yokunyamekela impilo, imali esetyenziswa kwisiseko, namalungelo abantu. Eli qumrhu liqinisekisa ukuba urhulumente uyaqhubeka esabela kwiimfuno zabantu kunokuba akhonze iinjongo eziqinileyo kuphela. Uhlolisiso lubonisa ukuba abantu abavotayo basengozini yokubandakanyeka kwezinye iindlela zokuthabatha inxaxheba kwezobupolitika, ukusuka ekunxibeleleni amagosa anyuliweyo ukuya kwiintlanganiso zasekuhlaleni.

Umelo lwamalizwi agqwethekileyo

Idemokhrasi enempilo ifuna ukuba onke amalungu ebutho labantu abe nesihlalo esiphezulu. Ngokuchasene noko, ukuthunyelwa kwemali kuqinisekisa ukuba amaqela amancinane, amabhinqa, abantu abaselula, abantu abahlala emaphandleni, kunye nabantu basezidolophini banganyula abanokuqonda ucelomngeni lwabo olukhethekileyo. Xa ukujika kuphezulu kwaye kuqukwa, urhulumente ophumele iziphumo ngokuchane ngakumbi ubonisa ukuba amanani nazazulu zohlanga. Ngokuchasene noko, ukurhoxa okusezantsi kubangela ukuba impembelelo yemali eninzi neyokubavoti nabantu abadala, igqwethe iinguqu zenkqubo.

Ukuphendula kwamagosa agunyasiweyo

Unyulo luyingqikelelo olupheleleyo kwigunya lezobupolitika. Ukuvotelwa kunika ithuba rhoqo lokuvuza ukhokelo olunempumelelo kwaye kususa abo basilelayo ukunikela izithembiso okanye ukwenza ngokuchasene nomdla kawonke-wonke. Le nkqubo inyanzelisa abezobupolitika ukuba baphulaphule abathathi-nxaxheba, bathethelele izigqibo zabo, kwaye balungise ikhondo xa uluvo lukawonke-wonke lutshintsha. Ngaphandle kokusongelosa ukuvotelwa, amagosa ebengayi kuba nomnqweno mncinane wokukhonza nabani na ngaphandle kobuqu.

Iinguqulelo Ezasentlalweni Nezobupolitika

Uninzi lwamathuba atshintshayo kwimbali ````Iimo yenguquko''''''.', ukucinezelwa kwamabhinqa, uMthetho wamaLungelo oMgaqo-siseko, ukulingana komtshato qha kwafunyanwa ngebhokisi yebhola yokuvota. Ukuthunyelwa kuvumela abemi ukuba baqhubele phambili utshintsho okanye batyhale utshintsho olugqithisileyo phakathi komgaqo womthetho. Kwanaxa uloyiso lunzima, isenzo sokuvota sikhuthaza inkqubela-phambili kwaye sibonisa ukuba iimfuno zikawonke-wonke.

Imbali Yamalungelo Okwamkela

Ilungelo lokuvota alizange lihlale limi. Ukusuka e-Athene yamandulo ukuya kumhla wangoku, umzabalazo wokufuna ukuhlasela indalo yonke ubuphawulwe ngamadabi akrakra, umthetho ophawula iziganeko zendalo, nemigudu eqhubekayo yokuthintela ukuthabatha inxaxheba. Ukuqonda le mbali kubaluleke kakhulu kuba ibonisa ukuba amalungelo okuvota abuthathaka, ngokunikela ngedini kwaye kufuna ukuphapha okuqhubekayo ukuze kulondolozwe.

Imvelaphi yendaleko neRiphabliki yokuqala

Ngexesha lokulawula, ukuvota kwakupheleliselwe kumadoda amhlophe aphethe impahla. UmGaqo-siseko wase-U.S. wawushiya iimfaneleko zovoti kumazwe, nto leyo eyayithetha ukuba kwanasemva kokuzimela, i-franka yahlala imxinwa. Abafazi, amaMelika, amaMelika, amaMelika, nabanini-mpahla abangengobasebenzi babesoloko bekhutshelwa ngaphandle. Ulwando lokuqala oluphambili lwenkulungwane ye-19 njengoko amazwe ayesusa ngokuthe ngcembe iimfuno zempahla zamadoda amhlophe, kodwa uhlanga kunye nemiqobo yaqhubeka.

Iziganeko Ezibalulekileyo Kumalungelo Abantu EUnited States

  • 15th Amendment (1870): Irhoxisiwe emva kwemfazwe yamakhaya, le mvume yalelwe ukukhaba ilungelo lokuvota ngokusekelwe kuhlanga, umbala, okanye kwimeko yangaphambili yobukhoboka. Noko ke, amazwe aseMantla akhawuleza amisela iirhafu zonyuso, iimvavanyo zokufunda nokubhala, kunye neerejista zokwaphula iBlackvotise (ooooCtecs eziza kuqhubeka phantse inkulungwane.
  • [Uhlaziyo lwe197](20): Emva kwamashumi eminyaka okuthatha inxaxheba kwamabhinqa afana noSusan B. Anthony noAlice Paul, umGaqo-siseko watshintshwa ukuze unike amabhinqa ilungelo lokuvota. Sekunjalo, amabhinqa amaninzi anemibala ajongana nemiqobo eyongezelelekileyo ngenxa yohlanga.
  • Umthetho we-Indian Citizenshiship (1924): ubumi bobunyani kumaMelika Omthonyama, kodwa amazwe amaninzi asebenzisa imiqathango eyahlukahlukeneyo ukuthintela ukuvota de kube ngoo1950 okanye kamva.
  • Umthetho wobuvoting Rights (1965): Ukuphendula kwinkohlakalo yohambo lukaSelma, iKhomishini yadlulisela lo mthetho ubalulekileyo wokuvala ukhuphiswano lomthetho wokuvota owenqabela ukuvalwa komthetho wokuvota njengovavanyo lokubhalisa nokubhala kwaye unikezele ulawulo lwamagunya karhulumente kwimbali yocalulo. IVRA inconywa ngokubanzi ngokwanda okuphawulekayo kobhaliso olumnyama nokurhoxa.
  • UHlaziyo lwama26 (1971: lwathoba umlinganiselo wonyaka wokuvota ukuya ku 18, ukuphendula kwimpikiswano yokuba abantu abaselula abakhule ngokwaneleyo ukuba balwe kwimfazwe yaseVietnam babebadala ngokwaneleyo ukuba bavote.
  • National Voter Regation Act (1993): Waziwa ngokuba ngu-"Umthetho obhaliweyo othe wavumela abemi ukuba babhalise xa befaka okanye behlaziya ilayisensi yomqhubi, kunye nokhetho olugunyazisiweyo lobhaliso.

Ukulwa amalungelo okuvota kuyaqhubeka. Kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje kuye kwabonwa iindlela ezintsha zothintelo, kuquka imithetho ye-ID engqongqo, ukuhlambulula iibhulorho zabavoti, kunye nezithintelo ekuvotini kwasekuqaleni. Kwixesha elibanzi, bona uxwebhu [[FLT: 0] lwamazwe olunogcino-lwazi lwamalungelo oluntu.

Inkqubo Yokuvelisa Iigesi

Ukuphosa ibhola yokuvota kusenokubonakala ithe ngqo, kodwa inkqubo ibandakanya amanyathelo amaninzi ahlukeneyo ngokwemeko nendawo. Ukulungiselela kuqinisekisa ukuba ukhetho lwakho luyasebenza kwaye lubalwe. Ngezantsi lukhokelo jikelele, kodwa rhoqo jonga igosa lonyulo lwendawo elikhoyo kwimfuno ezithile.

Inyathelo 1: Ubhaliso

Imo nganye ngaphandle komNtla Dakota ifuna ukuba ubhalise phambi kokuvota. Imiqathango yobhaliso isuka kumhla wonyulo (ubhaliso lwemini enye kumazwe athile) ukuya kumashumi amathathu phambi kweentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu. Amazwana amaninzi ngoku anika ubhaliso lwe-intanethi, lo gama amanye efuna ifomu yephepha. Uza kufuna ubungqina bokuhlala kunye nenombolo yokwahlula esemthethweni (ngokuqhelekileyo ilayisense yokuqhuba okanye inani lokhuseleko loluntu). Iintlangano ezifana [[FLT: 0] Headribe [[[FLT: 1] kunye noManyano lwabesifazane Voters zinokunceda ngeminxela.

Inyathelo Lesibini: Phanda Izinto Ezithethwayo Nezilishwa

Uvotelo lufuna uphando. Ngapha koko kuphakanyiswa kwemihlathi ephezulu yomongameli okanye ye-gubernarial, ibhola zisoloko ziquka ukhuphiswano kwindlu yowiso-mthetho, iikhomishini yengingqi, iijaji, iibhodi zesikolo, kunye neemilinganiselo yebholothi kwirhafu, isalatha-ntengo, okanye amalungelo asekuhlaleni. Imithombo ethembekileyo iquka izikhokelo ezingezovoti-paratistiki zeposi eziveliswe luManyano Voters, iiwebhsayithi zonyulo zombuso, nee-webhsayithi zokhetho zombuso ezinganikiyo ezifana . org.

Inyathelo 3: Yenza isigqibo Ngendlela Nexesha Lokuzonwabisa

Amazwe amaninzi anikela iindlela eziliqela zokuvota:

  • Kwindawo yonyulo yomhla wokhetho: iindawo zonyuso eziqhelekileyo zivuliwe ngexesha leyure ezicwangcisiweyo. Qinisekisa indawo yakho yokukhetha neeyure ezingaphambili.
  • [[Uluhlu: 0] Uvolo oluphambili: Amazwana amaninzi avumela ukuvota umntu ngexesha elithile phambi koSuku lokhetho, ngokufuthi eneeyure ezithambileyo nezimfutshane.
  • [[FLT: 0] Iposi- ngaphakathi okanye i- Abree Voting: Ukucela ivoti ngeposi, uyizalise ekhaya, uyibuyise ngeposi okanye ngebhokisi yokulahla. Amanye amatyala athumela ngokuzenzekelayo iibhola kubo bonke abavoti ababhalisiweyo; amanye afuna isingxengxezo. Cwangcisa ukuyiposa kakuhle phambi kolu xesha lokusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukufika ngexesha elifanelekileyo.

Ukuba uvota ngeposi, landela imiyalelo ngenyameko: tyikitya apho kufuneka khona, sebenzisa imvulophu efanelekileyo, yaye ungaquki iimpawu ezinokulenza lingasebenzi elo phetshana.

Inyathelo 4: Landela Ukuqinisekisa Ukuba Ulwimi Oluninzi

Urhulumente omninzi unika izixhobo zakho kwi-intanethi ukulandelela iposi yakho yokuvota ze uqinisekise ukuba yamkelwe kwaye yamkelekile. Ukuba kukho utyikityo olungahambelaniyo okanye omnye umbutho, ungafumana isaziso kunye nethuba "ukugcina" ingxaki. Kuvota okwi-person, buza umvoti ukuba unemibuzo malunga nenkqubo okanye izixhobo.

Ucelomngeni Lokuhlaziya Imveliso

Nangona kufanelekile ukuba nenxaxheba kwindalo yonke, imiqobo emininzi ishiyekile. Eminye yenziwa ngabom, eminye isuka ekuphambukeni. Ukuqonda le mingeni linyathelo lokuqala lokuzinqoba.

Ucinezelo lwe Voter

Ukucinezelwa kweVoter kubhekiselele kwiindlela ezijolise ekunciphiseni amandla okuvota, ngokufuthi amaqela amancinane eentlanga, abantu abaselula, kunye nabemi abafumana imali ephantsi. Imizekelo iquka imithetho ye-ID engqongqo ngokungenakuthelekiswa nanto echaphazela iqela elincinane elingenawo ama-ID, ukususwa kweevota ezisusa abavoti abafanelekileyo ngaphandle kwesaziso, icuthe iiyure zokuvota kwangoko kwiindawo zasedolophini, kunye nokuvalwa kweendawo zokuvota kwimimandla encinane. Ngokutsho kwe- Brennan Center yeJanut yeJaji , ezi ndlela zokwenza iingcinga-mfezeko ziphinde zibonakale kwiminyaka yakutshanje, zibangela imiqobo yokufikelela.

Izithintelo Zofikeleleko

Imiqobo ephathekayo neyokusebenza ithintela abantu abaninzi ekuvotelweni. Iindawo zokugxumeka zinokuba nzima kubantu abakhubazekileyo, ezibekwe kude nothutho lukawonke-wonke, okanye ezivulwa kuphela ngexesha eliqhelekileyo lomsebenzi---ukukwenza kube nzima kubasebenzi, abafundi, nabakhathaleli. Imiqobo yeelwimi iyaqhubekeka: asizizo zonke imimandla ezinika iibhola okanye izitoliki kwiilwimi ezingezizo ezesiNgesi. IHelpt America Vote Act (2002) egunyazisiweyo ukuba inike oomatshini bokuvota abafikelelekayo, kodwa ukwenziwa komatshini abasetyenziswayo kuyahluka-nde.

Inkcazelo

Ulwazi olububuxoki ngendlela, xa, kunye nalapho ukuvota kungacinezela khona ukuthabatha inxaxheba. Ii-algorithm zezentlalo zixhobo zokuqhatha izibhengezo zokulahlekisa, umzekelo, imiyalezo yenkohliso malunga neendawo zokuvota ezitshintshiweyo okanye iimfuno ezingalunganga zokunganyusi. Ngo-202022, ukusasazeka kwenkcazelo ngokuvota iposi kwabangela ukudideka nokungathembani. Abafundisi-mashishini neenkokeli zoluntu kufuneka baxhobise abavoti ngobuchule bokufunda ulwazi lwezibhachi zezixhobo zekhompyutha kwaye bazilathise kwiiwebhsayithi zonyulo ezisemthethweni.

Ukungakhathali Kwezobupolitika Nokugxeka

Abantu abaninzi, ingakumbi abantu abakhulileyo abakhulileyo, bavakalelwa kukuba ukuvota kwabo akunto ibalulekileyo ngenxa ye-gerrymandering, iElectoral College, okanye ingqiqo yokuba amaqela amakhulu omabini ayafana. Oku kugxeka kukuzivota ngokwawo: xa bembalwa abantu abavota, uvotelo oluseleyo alukho lumelweyo, kwaye imigaqo-nkqubo yokungabheki kwicala labatyebi nabanamandla. UVoter uphethulela kwiU.S. umva kweminye imiba emininzi yedemocracties; umzekelo, ukujika umva kwimivoti ephakathi kweminye yemihlathi kufutshane ne-40/50%, ngoxa amazwe amaninzi aseYurophu ebona i-70-80%. Ukuqhatha oku kufuna ukuba kuboniswe njani unyulo lwezikolo, iibhungalo-obhusayithi, abagwebi besixeko, kunye nabagwebi-o-o-ombhi.

Ukukhuthaza Abafundi

Kudala abantu abaselula bechaziwe kuphando. Kodwa xa bethe bajika, banokuguqula inkqubo yonyulo kunye nendlela yokuyila. Abafundisi-mashishini kunye nabacebisi banendima ephambili ekwakheni imikhwa yokuvota ubomi babo bonke. La ngamacebo avunyiweyo okukhuthaza ukuganana kwabantwana kwisikolo samabanga aphakathi, kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, nakwikholeji.

Imfundo Efanelekileyo Kwinkqubo Yezobugcisa

Izifundo ezisisiseko ngendlela esebenza ngayo urhulumente, imbali yamalungelo okuvota, kunye nomthetho wangoku zingayiphelisa inkqubo yezopolitiko. Imisebenzi yentsebenziswano ````ukufaka ibhola'', ukuphikisana ngomlinganiselo webhola yokuvota, okanye ukulandelela ityala ngendlu yowiso-mthetho-mthetho-mthetho-lwazi---nceda abafundi bajonge ukuvota njengenxalenye yenkqubo enkulu abangayiphembelela.

Lungisa Ukhetho Lwemock

Unyulo lwe-Mock lwenze abafundi bazibonele ngokwabo inkqubo yokuvota: ukubhalisa, ukuphanda, ukufaka ibhola yokuvota, kunye neziphumo zokubala. Iintlangano ezifana Student Mock Evolution zinikezela ngezixhobo kunye neeplani zesifundo sesisa. Ukudibanisa uvotelo kunye nengxubusho yehlabathi lokwenene kwenza ukuqhelisa kube nentsingiselo.

Iingxubusho Ezicacileyo Ngeziganeko Zanamhlanje

Ngokuthe rhoqo xoxani ngemibandela yasekuhlaleni, yesizwe neyehlabathi lonke kunye nemekobume elungelelanisiweyo nenentlonelo. Khuthaza abafundi ukuba babone unxulumano phakathi komgaqo-nkqubo nobomi babo (ngokomzekelo, indlela imithetho yokubeka igalelo elichaphazela ngayo ukungena kwepaki, okanye indlela imigaqo-nkqubo yokufundisa echaphazela ngayo amalungiselelo ekholeji. Memela abaphulaphuli abasuka kwiintlangano zezentlalo-ntle okanye kurhulumente wasekuhlaleni ukuba babe nembono efanayo ngayo.

Ukukhuthaza ukuNcediswa

Imisebenzi yenkonzo, ukuvuma ukuzinikela kwihlomelo lokuvota, okanye ukuba nenxaxheba kumabhunga olutsha anika abafundi amava asebenzisekayo kubomi boluntu. Izikolo zingasebenzisana neenzuzo ezifana Rock iVote ukuqhuba isantya sobhaliso olungangeni nxaxheba kwi-ikoleji. Njengomfundi, unceda ulutsha lubhalisencwadini ukuba luvelise isithethe sokuthabatha inxaxheba.

Ikamva Lokuyongeza

Ubugcisa, ukutshintsha kwamanani abantu nentlalo zitshintsha indlela amaMerika avota ngayo. Ukuqonda ezi zinto kunceda abafundisi nabafundi balungiselele unyulo lwengomso.

Umbane nombane

Amanye amazwe aye azama ukuvota nge-intanethi ukwenzela umkhosi waphesheya kwabemi, kwaye amaphondo ambalwa aye ajonga ukusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi njengesixhobo sokubhalisa. Noko ke, iingcali zekhompyutha zilumkisa ukuba akukho nkqubo yangoku ikhuselekileyo ekuxhotyisweni, kwaye iibhola ezinamaxwebhu zisengumgangatho wegolide wokuthembeka. Izicelo ezisekelwe kwi-intanethi ziyahlolwa kodwa azikasetyenziswa ngokubanzi. Intsingiselo ibhekisa kubhaliso lwamanani, ukulandelela i-colletting, hayi ukungquba.

Ubhaliso lwe Voter oluzenzekelayo (AVR)

Ngaphezu kwamaphondo angama-20 kunye neSithili saseColumbia siye samkela i-AVR, ebhalisa ngokuzenzekelayo abemi abafanelekileyo xa besebenzisana namaqumrhu karhulumente afana ne-DMV, ngaphandle kokuba bakhethe. I-AVR ibonise ukuba yandisa isantya sokubhaliswa kwaye inciphisa iimpazamo zolawulo. Abameli bazimisele ukuyisandisa kwilizwe lonke.

Izinyathelo Zokuqala Zokujija

Amazwe azama ukunyusa amanyathelo okubhalisa: ukwenza uSuku lokhetho lube yiholide karhulumente, ukwandisa iifestile zokuvota kwasekuqaleni, ukunciphisa ukuntsonkotha kokuvota, kunye nokwamkela ukuvota okucetyiweyo. Olu tshintsho lujolise ekuvoteleni ukwenza uvotelo lube luncedo kakhulu kwaye lube nentsingiselo. Oothisha bayakwazi ukulandelela iinkqubo zomqhubi baze baxubushe iziphumo nabafundi.

Izixhobo eziqhutywa ngabatsha

Iqhutywa yimidlalo yemozulu, ukuthintelwa kompu, nemibutho yentlalo esesikweni, abantu abaselula balungelelaniswe ngokukhulayo kwaye baqulunqwa ngelizwi. Amaqela afana noMatshi ngenxa yeMilingo Yethu kunye neMbutho yeSunrise aye abhalisa amawaka abavoti kwaye anceda ekutshintsheni incoko yezopolitiko. Izikolo zingaxhasa le migudu ngoxa zingahambi ngecawa, ngokunika indawo amaqela avoti abafundi ababolekiyo.

Isiphelo

Ukuqhayisa kulungile kwaye kuyimbopheleleko − isixhobo esisebenzayo sokubumba ibutho labantu kunye nesenzo somfuziselo sobuzwe bobudemokhrasi. Ukusukela kuxanduva olunzima lwezizukulwana ezidlulileyo ukuya kucelomngeni lobugcisa nomthetho lwanamhlanje, ifranchise ifuna ukhuseleko olukhutheleyo kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba ngabom. Kubafundisi- ntsapho, umsebenzi ucacile: Luxhobisa abafundi ngolwazi, ubuchule, kunye nentshukumisa yokuvota ngokuqiniseka. Abafundi, umyalezo ungxamisekile: imicimbi yelizwi lakho, kunye nebhokisi yebhola yebholothi kulapho iguqulela khona ekulawuleni. Yenza icebo lokuvota kunyulo ngalunye, kwaye uzise uluntu kunye nawe.