Indima Yeenkundla Ebutholweni

Iinkundla zisisiseko sayo nayiphi na inkqubo esemthethweni esebenzayo, zinika ingxubevange engakhethi bucala apho kuconjululwa khona iingxabano, kucaciswe imithetho, kwaye kunikwa ubulungisa. Imbopheleleko yazo ephambili kukuxhasa umthetho nokuqinisekisa ukuba wonke umntu ufumana ukuphathwa ngokufanelekileyo phantsi kwesiseko somthetho. Ngaphandle kweenkundla, ukunyanzeliswa kwamalungelo asemthethweni kuya kushiyelwa kumaqela azimeleyo, nto leyo ekhokelela kwisiphithiphithiphithiphithi-phithiphithi-phithi-gotho, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho ulawulo olulucwangcisiweyo, ulawulo olunoxolo, kunye nenkqubo enegunya lokuphelisa ukulawulwa kwenkululeko. Kwakhona inceda ekulondolozeni imida yendlela yokuziphatha eyamkelekileyo kunye nokucaciswa. Kwimimandla ye-demokhrasi, iinkundla zisebenza njengengxelo kwamanye amasebe karhulumente, ziqinisekisa ukuba umthetho nezenzo zolawulo zihlale zihleli kwimiqatha. La mazwe alawula inkululeko nenkululeko alawulayo.

Iinkundla ziphumeza imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo:

  • Isigqibo seNkundla sinika abantu, amashishini, kunye namaqumrhu karhulumente isizathu sobundilele, ukusombulula ukungavisisani, nokuba kubandakanya izivumelwano, impahla, ukwenzakala kobuqu, okanye izityholo zolwaphulo-mthetho. Ngokukhupha imithetho ebophelelekileyo, iinkundla zizisa ukuvalwa kwiimfazwe ebeziya kuba zikhula.
  • Ukucaciswa komthetho kunye nesicelo: ABagwebi namaqumrhu eejaji ahlola imimiselo, imimiselo, kunye namalungiselelo omgaqo-siseko ukumisela indlela umthetho osebenza ngayo kwizibakala zemeko. Le nkqubo icacisa ulwimi oludityanisiweyo kwaye imisele imizekelo ekhokela izigqibo zexesha elizayo.
  • Ukukhuselwa kwamaLungelo angomntu ngamnye :[ yinkuselo yokugqibela ekuphulweni kwamalungelo omgaqo-siseko, njengokuthetha ngokukhululekileyo, inkqubo efanelekileyo, kunye nokhuseleko olulinganayo. Ingabetha imithetho ephazamisa inkululeko engundoqo nokucwangcisa iindlela zokunyanga amaxhoba okungekho sikweni.
  • [[Umthetho:0] Ukunyanzeliswa kweMithetho: Ngemiyalelo, imiyalelo, kunye namandla okudelela, iinkundla zinyanzela ukuthobela iimbopheleleko ezisemthethweni. Zikwasongamela isigwebo nokubuyisela, ziqinisekisa ukuba abenzi bobubi bajongene neziphumo ezivisisana nomthetho.

Le misebenzi ayisetyenziswa nje ngokungenamsebenzi; ixhomekeke kwingqibelelo, kwinkululeko, nakubuchule bejaji. Xa iinkundla ziphumeza ezi ndima ngokunempumelelo, ukukholosa kwabantu kwinkqubo engokwasemthethweni, nto leyo ekhuthaza ukuthobela umthetho ngokuzithandela.

Iintlobo zeenkundla

Iinkqubo zezeejaji zihlulwa ngokweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeenkundla, nganye inegunya elikhethekileyo kunye neenkqubo. Oku kubekwa kolwazi kuvumela iinkundla ukuba ziwaphathe kakuhle amatyala yaye ngobuchule obufanelekileyo. Ngeli xesha isakhiwo esichanileyo singafani ngokwelizwe, inkoliso yeenkqubo iquka ezi ntlobo zilandelayo:

Iinkundla Zezaphuli - mthetho

Iinkundla zezaphuli-mthetho zisingatha amatyala apho ityala lorhulumente lichophela umntu okanye iqumrhu lokwaphula umthetho. Ezi zindululo zijolise ekugqibeni ukuba unetyala ngaphandle kokuthandabuza okufanelekileyo, yaye, ukuba ityala likhuselwe, ukubeka isigwebo esinjengentolongo, ukuhlawuliswa, ukuvalelwa okanye inkonzo yoluntu. Iinkundla zezaphuli-mthetho zikwakhusela amalungelo abamangalelwa ngemithetho yobungqina, ilungelo lokucebisa, nokukhusela ukumelana nokuzibeka ityala ngokuphindwe kabini. Imizekelo iquka iinkundla zasekuhlaleni zetyala elincinane kunye neenkundla zamatyala aphezulu.

Inkundla

Iinkundla zamakhaya zicombulula iimbambano phakathi kwamaqela azimeleyo − iindivicters, amashishini, okanye imibutho — apho elinye iqela lifuna imbuyekezo okanye ukwenza okuthile okuthile kunokusohlwaya. Iityala zomthonyama zibandakanya ukwaphulwa kwesivumelwano, ukuxabana ngokwempahla, iimbambano zokonzakalisa ngokweemfuno, kunye nemicimbi yentsapho efana noqhawulo-mtshato kunye nokugcinwa kwabantwana. Umgangatho wokuqinisekisa kwiinkundla zasekuhlaleni “kukungafihlisi ubungqina,” okuthetha ukuba ummangalelwa kufuneka abonise ukuba kunokwenzeka ngakumbi kunokuba ummangalelwa agwetyiwe. Iinkundla zamakhaya zikwasingatha izenzo zodidi, apho abancutsheli beqela badibana kunye ukuze bamangalele ummangali oqhelekileyo.

Iinkundla Zentsapho

Iinkundla zentsapho zisebenza ngokungqongqo kwimicimbi enxulumene nolwalamano lwasekhaya, kuquka uqhawulo-mtshato, ukugcinwa kwabantwana kunye nokuxhaswa, ukukhuliswa, ukukhuliswa kwabantwana, kunye nogonyamelo lwasekhaya. Ezi nkomfa zidla ngokuthabatha imiyalelo ebhetyebhetye ngakumbi, yonyango, ibhekise kwiinjongo ezintle zabantwana nesigqibo esikhuthazayo ngokusetyenziswa koondaba. Zisenokusebenza ngokusondeleyo ngeenkonzo zentlalo, izazi ngengqondo, nabangalulekiyo kwentsapho ukuze zifikelele iziphumo ezigcina ukuzinza kwentsapho naphi na apho kunokwenzeka.

Iinkundla zolawulo

Iinkundla zolawulo zihlola izigqibo ezenziwa ngabameli bakarhulumente, njengokungavunywa kweengenelo, ukuphikiswa kwemicimbi, izigwebo eziyalelayo, kunye nezenzo zemisebenzi. Indima yazo kukuqinisekisa ukuba abameli basebenzisa igunya labo lomthetho, balandele iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo, bangaphulaphuli amalungelo abantu. Kwinkqubo ezininzi ezingokwasemthethweni, iqela kufuneka likhuphe iingcaciso zokulawula ngaphambi kokuba lifune ukuhlolisiswa kwinkundla-wonke. Iinkundla zeSebe zinceda ekulondolozeni ukuphendula kolawulo lwesebe ngaphandle kwenkundla ezilawulayo.

Inkundla

Iinkundla zezicelo aziwavavanyi okanye zive ubungqina obutsha. Endaweni yoko, bahlola izigqibo ezivela kwiinkundla ezisezantsi ukulungisa iimpazamo zomthetho nokuqinisekisa ukucaciswa komthetho okufanayo. Amaqumrhu akholelwa ukuba inkundla yamatyala isebenzisa kakubi umthetho okanye iimpazamo ezenziwe ngokwesithethe anokubhenela kwinkundla ephakamileyo. Iinkundla zezicelo ziquka iinkundla ezifunda iingxoxo ezifutshane, eziphulaphula iimpikiswano zomlomo, kwaye zikhuphe izimvo ezibhalwe phantsi eziba ngumzekelo ongqongqo. Iqumrhu eliphakamileyo elikwinkundla ephakamileyo (*) elinjengenkundla ephakamileyo yetyala elisisikhuseli semibuzo esemthethweni ekulo.

Inkqubo Yokuqhubeka Kwenkundla

Nangona amanyathelo achanileyo ehluka ngokwamanyathelo alo, inkundla ezininzi zilandela ukulungelelaniswa okucwangcisiweyo okulungiselelwe ukukhusela okusesikweni nokufanelekileyo. Ukuqonda olu landelelwano kunceda abalawuli kwaye abantu bayayixabisa indlela iinkundla ezisebenza ngayo.

Ukukhalaza Okanye Ukumangalela

Ityala lasekuhlaleni liqala xa ummangali-tyala echaza isiseko esisemthethweni setyala nesokuhlangulwa okufunwayo. Kwityala lolwaphulo-mthetho, iifayile zikarhulumente zibekwa izityholo ngoxwebhu olusemthethweni olufana nokumangalelwa okanye ulwazi. Oku kumisela igunya lenkundla kumaqela nombandela.

Intshukumo namazwi angaphambili

Phambi kokuvavanywa, amaqela angafaka iifayile zokulungisa iinkqubo zokuqulunqa iimbambano zokuqala. Iintshukumo eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukugxotha (ngenxa yokungalawuleki okanye ukusilela ukuchaza ityala), ukuthatha inyathelo lomgwebo wesishwankathelo (xa kungekho zibakala zokwenyani ziphikiswayo), kunye nokuhamba ngeenyawo ukucinezela ubungqina (kumatyala olwaphulo-mthetho). Iimphula-mthetho zangaphambili zikwathetha ngocwangciso, ukufumanisa iimpikiswano, nokufaka isingxengxengxezo kwimicimbi yolwaphulo-mthetho. Ezi zinokuyicutheza imiba kwaye zinokucombulula ngaphandle kwetyala elipheleleyo.

Umbuzo

Ukufumanisa oku: Yinkqubo apho iqela ngalinye lifumana khona ubungqina kwelinye icala. Izixhobo ziquka ukubuza (imibuzo ebhaliweyo), ukucela ukuveliswa (okanye ubungqina obuphantsi kwesifungo), izicelo zokukhutshelwa kwamaxwebhu, kunye nezicelo zokuvunywa kwengxelo. Uhlolo luthintela ukumangaliswa ekuvavanyweni kwaye lukhuthaza ukuhlaziywa ngokutyhila amandla nobuthathaka bamacala onke. Kwizihlomelo ezintsonkothileyo, ukufunyanwa kusenokuba kukhulu kwaye kube nexabiso elininzi, ngokufuthi kubangela imfuneko yokujongana nokugweba ukunqanda ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwenkundla.

Ukuvavanywa

Ityala lingumxholo ophambili oqhubekeka apho amacala omabini ebeka amatyala awo phambi kwejaji okanye abachopheli-tyala. Umtshutshisi (okanye umtshutshisi) unikela ubungqina kuqala ngokungqinelana, amaxwebhu, kunye nokubonisa. Ukuzikhusela ngoko kunethuba lokunqumla amangqina e-prexemine kwaye kunikela ubungqina bawo. Emva kokuqukumbela iimpikiswano, ijaji ifundisa abachopheli-mvo ngomthetho osebenzayo, kunye nabagwebi ukuba bafikelele kwisigqibo. Kwimigwebo yebhedi, ijaji iyodwa igqiba ngobungqina kunye nomthetho. Ityala liqukumbela ngomgwebo weqela elilawulayo.

Ukugwetywa (Ityala Lolwaphulo-mthetho)

Ukuba ummangalelwa ugwetywa, isigwebo esahlukeneyo sibanjelwe ukumisela isohlwayo esifanelekileyo. Ijaji iqwalasela oothunywashe abafana nobuqatha bolwaphulo-mthetho, imbali yolwaphulo-mthetho lommangalelwa, iingxelo zempembelelo yexhoba, kunye nemigaqo yokugweba. Isigwebo singasuka kwintelekelelo kunye nokugwetywa ukuya kwisigwebo sokuvalelwa entolongweni okanye, kwezinye iindawo, isohlwayo sengcwabo. Ukugwetywa komngcwabo kusenokuba kukhawulezile okanye kumiselwe emva kwengxelo yophando lwangaphambi kwendlu.

Isibheno

Emva komgwebo wokugqibela, iqela eliphulukana netyala lingabhenela kwinkundla ephakamileyo. Ummangali makabonise ukuba impazamo engokwasemthethweni yenzekile ngexesha lokuchotshelwa kwetyala elichaphazelekayo. Inkundla echaphazelekayo ihlola ingxelo yokulingwa, iqwalasela iingxelo ezibhalwe phantsi, kwaye iva iimpikiswano zomlomo. Ingaqinisekisa, iphinde iguqule, okanye iphinde ilungise ityala xa kusenziwa iziphumo ezithe zahlolwa. Izibheno azizenzeki; kufuneka zibekwe kwimida yexesha elingqongqo kwaye ngokufuthi zifune ukuboniswa ukuba loo mbambano igcinwe ukuze iphindwe.

Ukulungelelanisa Okusesikweni Namalungelo Asemthethweni

Omnye wemisebenzi elula nebalulekileyo yeenkundla kukulungelelanisa ukuphunyelelwa kobulungisa nokhuseleko lwamalungelo omntu ngamnye asemthethweni. Oku kulungelelaniswa kuyimfuneko ukulondoloza intembelo yoluntu kwijaji nokuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo engokwasemthethweni isebenza ngokusesikweni bonke abantu. Imigaqo emininzi engundoqo ixhasa olu lungelelwano:

Ilindelekile

Inkqubo elindelekileyo ifuna ukuba urhulumente awahlonele onke amalungelo asemthethweni abekelwe umntu. Iquka zombini iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo (inkqubo zenqwelo-moya, isaziso, nokuphulaphula phambi kokuncishwa kobomi, inkululeko, okanye impahla) kunye nenkqubo efunekayo (ukukhuselwa kwisenzo sikarhulumente esingeyomfuneko okanye esingaqondakaliyo). Iinkundla zinyanzelisa ngokungqongqo inkqubo efunekayo yokuthintela ukulahleka kobulungisa .Ngokomzekelo, ngokubulahla ubungqina obufunyenwe ngokuphanda okungekho mthethweni okanye ngokulahla izityholo xa ilungelo lommangalelwa lokuvavanywa ngokukhawuleza liphulwa.

Ukhuseleko olulinganayo

I-Unimetic Protection Claus, efumaneka kwimimiselo emininzi, imisela ukuba abantu abakwindawo efanayo baphathwe ngokufanayo phantsi komthetho. Iinkundla ziwisa imithetho ecalulayo esekelwe kwikhethe lohlanga, kwisini, kunqulo, okanye kwezinye izigwebo ezirhanelwayo ngaphandle kokuba urhulumente ebonise ubulungisa obunyanzelisayo okanye obubalulekileyo. Ngokuqinisekisa ukuba ukhuseleko olulinganayo, iinkundla zinceda ekupheliseni ukungalingani okusesikweni kwaye ziqinisekisa ukuba okungasetyenziswangalinganiyo ngokusekelwe kwiempawu okanye kwisikhundla.

Ukufikelela Kokusesikweni

Ukufikelela kokusesikweni kuthetha ukuba bonke abantu, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ziziphi na iindlela zezoqoqosho, banokuzisebenzisa ngokunempumelelo iinkqubo zenkundla ukufuna unyango nokukhusela amalungelo abo. Iinkundla zithetha ngemiqobo esetyenziswa njengemiqathango enika imirhumo ephantsi yemali, amaziko okuzinceda, iinkonzo zotoliko, neenkqubo ze-probono. Xa unikezelo lulinganiselwe, umsantsa phakathi kwabafumileyo nabasweleyo, kunye nenkqubo esemthethweni ibeka engozini yokuba sisixhobo sabanamandla. Iinkundla kwakhona zikhuthaza ezinye iindlela zokuphikisana (ADR) iindlela ezifana ne-adrthrigg, ezinokufumaneka ngokulula nokungenayo.

Inkululeko Yomthetho

Uzimeleyo lwezahlulelo lumgaqo wokuba abagwebi bagqibe amatyala asekelwe kumthetho nakumacandelo, akhululekile kwingcinezelo yezinye iimfuno zorhulumente, okanye iimbono zikawonke-wonke. Ikhuselwa ngobomi okanye ngokweemfuno ezinde, ikhuselwa ekuthotyweni kwentlawulo, kunye nemilinganiselo yokuziphatha ekwalela abagwebi ukwamkela izicebi okanye ukuba nenxaxheba kwimisebenzi egqwethekileyo. Ngaphandle kweejaji ezizimeleyo, iinkundla azinakusebenza njengee-arhentersers. Nayiphi na inkxweleko yalo-zibuthe yolu lawulo, inciphisa umthetho kunye nokuthembeka kwabantu. Ukuze uqhubeke ufundo, bona [[FLT:] U.S.

Iingxaki Ezijamelene Nenkqubo Yenkundla

Nangona zibalulekile, iinkundla ehlabathini lonke zijamelana nemiqobo ebangela ukuba zingakwazi ukudlulisela okusesikweni ngexesha elifanelekileyo nokungalingani.

Izixhobo Zokubuya Umva Nexesha Lokulinda

Iinkundla zamazibuko ezimininzi kunye neenkundla ezingaphantsi kwezikhululo ezisebenza nzima zikhokelele kwilindelo elide lemihla yokuvavanywa kunye nemithetho. Kwezinye iindawo, amatyala oluntu asenokuthatha iminyaka ukusombulula, kwaye abamangalelwa bezaphuli-mthetho bangaswela ukuvalelwa ekuvalweni kwangaphambili. Iziphumo zokubanjwa kwetyala ezisemva zibangelwa kukunyuka kwetyala, ukubekwa kwetyala okuntsonkothileyo, kunye nokunganeliswa kwabalingeneli abagwebi okanye abancedisi.

Inkxaso-mali kunye noqeqesho lwezibonelelo

Iinkqubo ezininzi zenkundla zisebenza ngokunganyanzeliswanga ngokuqhubekayo. Oku kuchaphazela yonke into ukususela kubugcisa benkundla yomthetho nokhuseleko ukuya kuhlawulwa abagwebi nababhali. Ukungangeneli kwemali kunganyanzela iinkundla ukuba zinciphise iiyure zokusebenza, zinciphise iinkonzo zikawonke-wonke, okanye zigcine ugcino-lwazi. Ii-ofisi zokhuselo lukawonke-wonke, ezimela abamangalelwa abangathathi-nxaxheba, ngokufuthi zisoloko zifumana iityala, nto leyo ekhokelela ekungaphumelelini koncedo lwesiluleko . Ukuchasana okuthengezelelekileyo kwinkqubo efanelekileyo.

Umgaqo-nkqubo Kawonke-wonke Nokuthemba

Ukungalungi okuphosakeleyo kweenkundla .-ethenjiwe kukungafezeki okuphezulu kokungalungisi okusesikweni, ukujongwa njengoluvo lwezopolitiko, okanye ukunganyaniseki koluntu. (--erode) Xa abantu bekholelwa ukuba inkqubo ixhotyiswe okanye ikhatshwa kwinkathalo yabo, abanakukwazi ukuthobela imiyalelo yenkundla okanye bafune amayeza asemthethweni. Iinkundla kufuneka zisebenzele ukuphucula ukubonakala, ukunyanzeleka koluntu, nokuphendula ukwenziwa kovavanyo lobucala. Izinto ezifana nokufikelela kwe-intanethi, kunye neenkqubo zemfundo zinganceda ukuphelisa ukuthembeka kwabantu, bona iZiko kuphakaliso lukawonke wonke, bona [[[FLT:] iZiko lophando lophando loburhulumente lokuthembeka.

Ubuntsonkothile Obusemthethweni

Ukwanda kobuchule bobuchule bemithetho kwenza kube nzima ngabantu abaqhelekileyo ukuqhuba indlela ngaphandle komelo. Abasebenzi abakwi-pro (abazimelayo) basoloko bezama ukumelana nemithetho elandelelanayo, iimfuno zobungqina, kunye nolwimi olusemthethweni. Oku kuntsonkotha kunokubangela iziphumo ezingekho sesikweni xa abantu bengenakukwazi ukunikela ngokunempumelelo iimeko zabo. Iintlobo zokwenza lula, ukunika izikhokelo ezicacileyo zelwimi ezingama-30, kunye nokwandisa amaziko obuqu anezicombululo ezizicathulo, kodwa umthetho ophantsi komthetho ngokwawo ungafuna utshintsho.

Ikamva Leenkundla

Njengokuba ibutho litshintsha, iinkqubo zenkundla kufuneka ziqhelane nokuhlala zifanelekile, zisebenza kakuhle, kwaye zisesikweni.

Ulwahlulo lobugcisa

Ubugcisa bunika izixhobo ezinamandla zokuphucula imisebenzi yasenkundla. I-seapplet ye-electronic, ividiyo edityaniselwa iindlebe ezikude, kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lwetyala kwi-intanethi zinokunciphisa ukulibaziseka kwaye zenze iinkundla zifikeleleke. Ubuchule bokwenza uphando buhlolwa kwimisebenzi efana nophando olusemthethweni, uphengululo loxwebhu, kwaye kwanoqikelele iziphumo zemeko. Noko ke, ubugcisa bunyusa inkxalabo malunga nokwahlulwa kwamanani, ikhompyutha, ukulahleka kwelungu lomntu kwimithetho esesikweni. Iinkundla kufuneka zisebenzise izixhobo ezintsha ngobuchule ukuze ziphephe ukungalingani.

Enye iNkxaso

I-Mediabittion, ukuhlahlela, nezinye iintlobo ze-ADR zisetyenziswa ngokuqhubekayo ukucombulula iimpikiswano ngaphandle kokuvavanywa ngokupheleleyo. Iinkundla zibhekisela kwiimeko ze-ADR ukunciphisa ii-partlog nokunika amaqela ulawulo oluthe chatha kwiziphumo. I-ADR ingakhawuleza, ingabi namali, ingabi namali, kodwa inyusa inkxalabo ngokungalungelelani kwamandla nokungamiselwanga kwemeko kawonke-wonke.

Utshintsho Olusemthethweni

Utshintsho oluqhubekayo lomthetho lufuna ukwenza iinkqubo ezilula, ukwenza imithetho yezi mini, kunye nokuthetha ngokungekho sikweni okuncinci okufana nokugwetywa okanye imiqobo egqithisileyo kwiimfuno zoluntu. Amanye amazwe azama iinkundla ezikhethekileyo ezilwa namacala eziyobisi, iimbambano zempilo yengqondo, okanye amava, ezijolise ingqalelo kunyango nokubuyiselwa komntu kwakhona kunokuba zisohlwaye. Ingqina lisekelwe kwiinguqu, ezifana nomngcipheko wezixhobo zokukhululwa kwangaphambili kwe-Cetarianstem, injongo yokusenza inkqubo ibe yeyobulumko nelungelelamfatha.

Ubandakanyeko Nemfundo Yaselubala

Umgudu ophambili wokufundisa abemi ngendlela iinkundla ezinokukhuthaza ngayo intembelo nokukhuthaza ukuba nenxaxheba kwezentlalo. Izikolo, imibutho yoluntu, kunye namaziko enkundla ancedisayo angaphelisa iinkqubo zomthetho. Iinkundla zikwasungula iinkqubo zokukhupha iinkqubo zokuthatha inxaxheba ```````iindlela yokulungisa zonke'''' ezikhuthaza ungenelelo loluntu ekuphuculeni umgangatho woluntu. Xa abantu bevakalelwa kukuba bakwinkqubo yabo yokulawula, badla ngokuzihlonela kwaye basebenzisane namagosa ayo.

Isiphelo

Iinkundla azingomaziko anika imithetho; zingumzekelo ophilayo wenkqubano yebutho labantu ekulawuleni umthetho, okusesikweni, nesidima somntu ngamnye. Ukulinganisa ukuphunyelelwa kokusesikweni ngokuzinzileyo ngokhuseleko oluqinileyo lwamalungelo omthetho lulucelomngeni oluqhubekayo, olufuna ukuqapha, ubuncwane, kunye nenkxaso kawonke-wonke. Ngokuqonda iindima, iinkqubo, kunye nocelomngeni lweenkundla, abemi bangawuxabisa ngakumbi umsebenzi wabo obalulekileyo ekulondolozeni ulungelelwano lwentlalo-ntle, nasekukhuseleni inkululeko. Njengoko ubugcisa buqhubeka buntsonkothile, iinkundla kufuneka zikwazi ukuvelisa ngaphandle kokuncama imigaqo engundoqo yokungakhethi buso, ukuzimela, nokufikelela koluntu. Ngokunjalo kuphela banokuqhubeka besebenza njengabameli abathembekileyo ekufuneni kwabo okusesikweni nokulinganayo.