Ukudityaniswa kwemibutho yenkcitho yezemali yehlabathi jikelele kunye nezibonelelo zamandla ahlalayo kumela ucelomngeni oluchaza inkulungwane yama-21. Uncedo lwamazwe angaphandle, oluquka uphuhliso lwasemthethweni (ODA) kunye nemali yemozulu evuselelweyo, lusebenza njengesixhobo esisebenzayo ekuthumeleni ubugcisa obutsha bombane obusehlabathini lonke, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla avuselelweyo, ngoxa le meko yezoqoqosho yokuphucula amandla ombane enika amandla ombane ewomelezenziwa minyaka le, amazwe asajongana nothintelo lwamazwe angaphandle, ngaphantsi kokuphuhliswa kwemiqathango yenqanda, kunye nezithuba zobuchule zentengiso ezingenakuconjululwa ngokukhawuleza.

Ukubaluleka Okubalulekileyo Kwamandla Anokuhlaziywa

Utshintsho lwamandla omhlaba wonke asilothuba eliyimfuneko lokusingqongileyo kuphela kodwa ikwalithuba lenkqubela-phambili. Kumazwe asakhasayo, atsibayo ukuze avuselele amandla anika indlela yokuphepha izibonelelo zekharbon ezisetyenziswa ngamazwe ashishino. Uncedo lwamazwe asemzini lusebenza njengendlela yokuqala yokuxhasa le ngxaki, idibanisa ukwanda kwezoqoqosho kunye noxanduva lwemozulu.

Ukutshintsha Kwemozulu Nezinto Ezithandwa Nguwonke - wonke

Amazwe asakhasayo asoloko esengozini yokutshintsha kwemozulu kodwa angenamandla aneleyo okunciphisa iziphumo zayo. Uncedo lwamazwe angaphandle oluvuselelwayo lusebenza njengendlela yemisebenzi kumazwe ahambele phambili, athwala eyona mbopheleleko iphambili engokwembali yokukhutshwa kwegesi, ukuxhasa indlela ephantsi yokuphuhlisa icarbon. Oku kuhambelana neGatya 9 lePakathi yeParis, eliyalela amazwe aphuhlisayo ukuba anike ubuncwane bemali ukunceda amazwe asakhasa. Uncedo oluzinziswe kwimizila ekhutshwayo ekhutshwayo ekhutshwayo, ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi eshushu yomhlaba wonke. Ukuxhasa FCCCC CC CC Createalgialgialgial plation [[FLTFFFLT:1]] luqinisekisa ukuba imali ihambele kwimisebenzi ehambisa ukurhoxaxa okuphuma kwe-ok-osemodia, imveliso esebenzayo kubuyisela kwimozulu yomhlaba yomhlaba womhlaba wonke.

Ukufumaneka kwamandla nosukelo oluzinzileyo

Malunga nezigidi ezingama-675 zabantu emhlabeni wonke abaswele unikezelo kumbane, uninzi lwabo bahlala kwi-Sub-Saharan Africa. Uncedo lwamanye amazwe lujoliswe kwizisombululo ezifanelekileyo . Ezifana neziqendu ezincinci ze-lane ne-alamu enye yendlu encinci kunye nokuma kwendlela ekhoyo yokufumana uPhutho oluzinzileyo lwenjongo 7 (I-Affordive and Cleanner Energy Evene). Ngokungafaniyo nolwandiso lwesithethe lwe-drop, oluyikomkhulu-intetha yogcino-lwazi lwe-SD [71] i-DFGOD iyakwazi ukubekwa ngokukhawuleza kwimimandla ekude. Uncedo olunyuswayo lwasekuqaleni lunika unyukelo olufunekayo lwentengiso lwezentengiso, urhwebo, ukusasazo lwemali, kunye nokumiswa kweminxeba lokuhambisa ii-onxa-mali. [F:]

Ukuzinziswa Kwezoqoqosho Nenkululeko Yamandla

Uxhomekeko kwimithombo yelahleko yelifa eliphuma kwamanye amazwe luchaphazele ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ezoqoqosho ehlabathini lonke nokungaguquguquki kwemeko-bume. Ngokuxhasa ngemali izinto ezinokuhlaziywa zelizwe ezinjenge-laydia, iipaseji ezinomoya, kunye nezigcini-mathambeka ze-othermal, uncedo lwamanye amazwe lomeleza ukhuseleko lomhlaba. Amandla abangelwayo ahlala kwimeko-ntle yezoqoqosho yesizwe kwaye adale amatyathangatha eendleni ukwenzela imisebenzi kunye nokulungisa imeko-bume. Ngokuxhasa ngemali imigangatho yasekuqaleni yemisebenzi yasekuhlaleni, njengeqela leyunithi yebhata yebhate okanye ukudiswa kwebhetri, ukukhuthaza ukukhula okude kwemibhobhosho. Ukurna kwemipu yokurhweba engenisa iziXhombu.

Umatshini woncedo lwamazwe angaphandle ukuze kuphinde kuvuselelwe amandla

Uncedo lwangaphandle asilolokudluliswa kwemali enye. Lusebenza ngezixhobo ezintsonkothileyo, nganye yenzelwe ukulungisa imiqobo ethile ukuze kusetyenziswe amandla anokuphinda asetyenziswe.

Isalathisi somsebenzi wePhondo

Undoqo woncedo lwamanye amazwe kukuvuselelwa. Iibhanki zophuhliso lwezibonelelo ezininzi (MDBs) njengeBhanki yeNkcubeko yeSizwe, iBhanki yoPhuhliso lwase-Asia, kunye namasebe oPhuhliso olunemiqathango, zinika iimali ezibolekwayo kwimali engaphantsi kwenzala yomzawo nemali ekhutshwayo. Iimali zisetyenziselwa ukugquma iprojekthi, ukulungiswa kweprojekthi, kunye nezokhuseleko lwezentlalo lwemali. Ngaphandle komaleko wemali ophantsi komgaqo-mali, inkxaso yemali ephezulu ephezulu ephezulu kwaye icingelwa ukuba neziphumo zezopolitiki ezinkulu ezitsha eziphinda-phindwayo kwimarike. Uncedo lunciphisa ixabiso elisisixando oluphezulu lwemali (WACC), lwenza imisebenzi ehlaziyekayo.

Uncedo lobugcisa nokwakhiwa kobuchule

Uthutho lwezixhobo zekhompyutha lumele kuphela isiqingatha sesisombululo. Ubuchule bomsebenzi, ubuchule bolawulo lwegridi, kunye nogcino-lwazi lwendlela oluyimfuneko ngayo kwiphulo lexesha elide. Amasebe oncedo oluKhuseleko loqeqesho lwabaqeqeshi (T) iinkqubo zoqeqesho lwemali, uphuhliso lwezifundo zaseyunivesithi, kunye nemisebenzi yokusebenza eluncedo. IBhanki yeNgxelo yeNgxelo yoLawulo yezeMgangatho I-Active I-Active program (ESMAP) inika uncedo lobugcisa bomhlaba wonke, ukunceda amazwe aphuculenze asebenze kakuhle amazamandla ombane ondlela, i-Groffalotivestingsstings transformedstingstings anokulungiselwa kwimigca yesizwe, kunye nocwangciso lwezokuziphatha. Oku kudlulisela ulwazi oluqinisekisa ukuba amazwe afumana ulwazi olufunekayo ekugqibeleni asebenze ngokwawo nandisa asebenze ngokwawo nandisa amandla awo.

Inkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo kunye nolawulo

Uncedo lwangaphandle lusoloko lufumaneka ngendlela yezikhuseli ezincanyathiselweyo kwimisebenzi yezemali okanye kwimibutho yamandla alawulayo. Oku kunceda ukusetyenziswa kwemithetho yamandla ehlaziyiweyo ehlaziyayo, ukuseka ukutya okukwizigweqe, ukuyila imilinganiselo yokukhuphisana, nokunyanzelisa imigangatho yemeko-bume ejikelezayo. Ukusingqongileyo okuzinzileyo nokucacileyo kungunobangela obalulekileyo wokutsala utyalo-mali lwamacandelo obuqu. Uncedo lokwenza olu cwangciso ngemali, uhlalutyo olusemthethweni, kunye nolukhangelo lomgcini-mthi. Abameli banceda oorhulumente ekushenke abakwimingcipheko eqhubekayo ngokunika iziqinisekiso ze-omatilo-ethi, nto leyo efuneka ukuze bathembele kwimithetho ephezulu.

Ucwangciso lweprojekthi nophuhliso

Intamo yebhotile ebalulekileyo yokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwamandla kumazwe asakhasayo kukunqongophala kweeprojekthi ezinokugcinwa. Amasebe oncedo axhasa imigangatho enzima yokuphuhliswa komsebenzi, kuquka iimvavanyo zemekobume, uhlolo lovavanyo lomoya, ukujonga iimpahla, kunye nokwenziwa kwemaphu yamalungelo omhlaba. Oku "kulungiselela" kukwiqondo eliphezulu, kwaye abaphuhlisi bezorhwebo basoloko bengakuthandi ukufunxa iindleko zokusikelwa kwemekobume engekho ngqiqweni. Unikezelo lweprojective Facial Facialties (PFs) oluxhaswa ngabanindileyo abancedisi bemisebenzi esebenzayo abanokufumana ityala lentengiso kamva nabangeni abasebenzi abalungileyo.

Izifundo Zetyala Nenkqubela Yengingqi

Kulo lonke ilizwe elisakhasayo, uncedo lwamanye amazwe luye lwanceda ukuba kubekho izakhiwo ezihlaziyayo eziye zaguqula uqoqosho lwasekuhlaleni nomgangatho wobomi ophuculiweyo.

Amazwe asezantsi-Afrikha: AmaDridi amancinane elanga kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemveliso

Ukhuthazo olunzima lwasemaphandleni lwaseKenya olunyanzelwa yiBhanki yehlabathi, iEuropean Union, kunye namaqabane akwizibhedlele kuquka iUnited Kingdom kunye neJamani, lubonisa amandla okuguqula i-odolokha-khampasi. Uncedo lobugcisa olunyusiweyo lwanceda ekumiseni iKenya uGunyazo loMmandla lwangaphambili, ngeli xesha luxhasa isakhiwo solawulo lwezikhuseli-zakhiwo ezincinci zelanga ezincinci ezikwindawo ephezulu. I-Lake Turkana Wind Powe, ifama enkulu yoomoya eAfrika, isebenzisa umxube wemali erhlawulwayo ukusuka kwi-European Policementsting kunye ne-eaieting transporteting. Ingqwalaselo isuka kwisixhobo esingundoqo sokwakha amandla endlu.

UMzantsi Asia: UHlahlelo lweeNkqubo zeSizwe

Ulwando olukhawulezileyo lomoya kunye nomthamo welanga lwakhawuleziswa kakhulu ziinkqubo zoncedo olukhawulezileyo ukusuka kwiNtlalo ePhakathi kunye namaqabane ebhanile eemeko zendalo njengeJamani (GIZ). Imali yokuqala yeSiko leMimandla yelanga laseIndiya (SECI) yanceda ide-risk imodeli, iyenze ibe yinqwelo yokuqala yokuthengisa i-injini yesixhobo sombane esinesantya esiphezulu sombane kwinkqubo yenkqubo yehlabathi. Le nkqubo yafikelela kubantu abaphezulu abazizigidi ezingama-20 abacocekileyo, i-Infracrective Develoption Company (IDCOL), exhaswa yiBhanki yehlabathi LoPhuhliso lwehlabathi (IDA), i-A), ukuyenza imodelikhi yoncedo lwemali exhobisayo, kunye ne-bical cooral Bank, isebenzisa inkqubo yokuxhasa amandla ebhaka.

UMzantsi - mpuma weAsia nePasifiki: IGeothermal neGrid Tyrist

I-Indonesia kunye ne-Philippines zinobuninzi obunokuvela kwe-ethermal templass, kodwa ixabiso eliphezulu eliphambili lokuhlola ukulolonga limela umqobo obalulekileyo. Uncedo lwamazwe angaphandle oluvela kwiBhanki ye World kunye neNkathi yeNkathi ePhakamileyo luxhase iinkqubo zokuhlola umngcipheko wokufumana inkxaso-mali, ukunceda ukungqinelana nogcino-mali kunye nokutsala utyalo lwabucala kwinkqubela-moya. Kumazwe ePasifiki, ajongene nokhuseleko olugqithisileyo olugqithisileyo ekutshintsheni imozulu, uncedo luxhasa ukusetyenziswa kwelanga kunye nemisebenzi yokulungisa amandla okubuyisela imozulu. Ezi nkqubo ziyimfuneko ekwakhefu ekwakhel

Iingxaki kunye neeprojekthi zamandla oncedo ezisungulweyo

Ngelixesha ifuthe loncedo lwamanye amazwe kumandla avuselelekayo, icandelo lineengxaki zalo. Ukuvuma ezi ntlobo zibalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kweenkqubo zexesha elizayo.

Ukuqinisa ukusebenza kwexesha elide

Indlela eqhelekileyo yokungaphumeleli kwimiqathango yoncedo elungiselelwe amandla yi "wehlo-bhelu" projekthi, apho izixhobo ziphela khona kwiminyaka embalwa ngenxa yokungabinazo iimali zokuzigcina okanye ubuchule. Iinkqubo zoncedo kufuneka zenziwe zineeplani ezomeleleyo zokuzigcina, unikezelo lobulali lwezahlulo ezifana nezibambi-mali kunye neebhetri, kunye nokuqeqeshwa komsebenzi onyanzelekileyo ukususela ekuqaleni. Ukugxininisa ku "ubuchule" kufuna imisebenzi yokuvelisa ingeniso eyaneleyo yokukhupha iindleko zomsebenzi phezu kwazo zonke iibhanki, hayi nje kwisigaba sokwakha.

Ulungelelwaniso neemfuno zamandla asekuhlaleni kunye neMimiselo yoLawulo

Iinkqubo zoncedo oluphezulu ngamanye amaxesha zingakha iinkqubo ezingalungelelaniyo nemilinganiselo yenkcitho yasekuhlaleni, izithethe, okanye izicwangciso zenqcubeko yesizwe ezilungelelanisayo. Imisebenzi esebenzayo ifuna ukhangelo olunzulu loluntu kunye nokuyiqonda kakuhle imisebenzi yezoqoqosho yoluntu. Ulawulo olungenamandla lungakhokelela ekuncedeni ukubanjwe yimiqathango yamathambo ezinto zelahleko exhotyisiweyo okanye yimeko yorhulumente ethanda ukumathisela amandla ombane alungeleleneyo ukuhlaziya amandla. Uncedo olunxulumene nokuvela kokukhanya, ukulingana nokhuphiswano, kunye nokuzimela ngokwayo kucebisekile, kodwa kufuneka lunyanzelwe ngokuzinziswa ngabanikezeli ukuqinisekisa ukuba iprojeko zidlulisele impembelelo yabo efunwayo.

Ukulinganisa Impembelelo Yokwenene Nezinye

Akwanelanga ukubala iimegawatts ezifakwe njengekuphela kwempumelelo. Impembelelo mayilinganiswe ngokwemisebenzi eyenziweyo, ukusetyenziswa kweparafini kushenxiswa kwenye indawo, ingeniso ebangelwa ngamashishini ahamba namabhinqa, kunye nonciphiso kumoya ongaphakathi. Ingcamango "yokungaphindeki" ibuza umbuzo obalulekileyo: ngaba ngokwenene le projekthi ibangele ukuba kwenzeke, okanye ibiya kuqhubeka ngaphandle komhlawuleli? Ukubonakala kongezelelwe kwexabiso elithe phukileyo lokusizela okubangelwa ngumhlaza welanga nomoya kodwa kusoloko kuyimfuneko ukuphendula abahlawuleli bemibhisholo kumazwe anikelayo.

Ikamva Loncedo Lwamanye Amazwe

Umlinganiselo wotshintsho lwamandla omhlaba wonke ufuna indaleko esisiseko kwindlela olulungiselelwe ngayo uncedo lwamanye amazwe nendlela olusetyenziswa ngayo. Isithuba semali esinokuhlaziywa ngamandla kumazwe asakhasayo silinganiswa ngeezigidi zezigidi zeerandi, ngaphezu kwamandla oqingqo-mali lwe-ODA.

Imali Edityanisiweyo Nokuphanga ikomkhulu labucala

Ikamva loncedo lwamanye amazwe kwicandelo lombane likwimali edityanisiweyo. Le ndlela isebenzisa ikomkhulu elivunyiweyo kumathuba okutyala imali eninzi, ngaloo ndlela itsala abanikazi bemali yemali ehlawulwayo kunye nemali yobutyebi obuphezulu kwimiqathango ehlaziyekayo kushishino lwamashishini. Ngokunikezela ngekomkhulu lokuqala, abanikeli banokufumana umngcipheko wokuqala, ukwenza uthelekelelo oluphezulu lwemali lunomtsala ngakumbi kwikomkhulu labucala. Amaziko oncedo akwakhela inkxaso ekhuthazo ezigqugqisa ubungozi bezopolitiko, umngcipheko wemali, nokungagqibeki, konke okungaba yimiqobo kwingeniso yangasese kumazwe asakhulayo.

Intsebenziswano yaseMzantsi-Mzantsi kunye neSebe elitsha

Imodeli yesithethe ye-OECD isongezelelwa kukukhula kwentsebenziswano yamalahle kuMzantsi-ntshona. Amazwe anjengeTshayina, iIndiya, kunye neUnited Arabhu Emitrate anika iimali ezibolekiweyo ezithe ngqo kwaye anika inkxaso-mali engakumbi yemisebenzi yamandla avuselelweyo eAfrika, e-Asia, naseLatin America. I-Belt kunye neGraft Inkulu, umzekelo, isuka ekujoliseni amandla amalahle kubandakanya utyalo olunzulu kumatshini wokuzikongolonga igesi kumoya, umoya, kunye nemisebenzi ye-hydrod. Oku kukhutshwa kwemali kunika amazwe amkelayo inkxaso engakumbi kodwa kuzisa imingeni enxulumene nolawulo lwemiqathangomo yemeko, izivithi, kunye nokuzinzipho lwemali.

Indima yeeBhanki zoPhuhliso oluNqamlezo (MDBs)

Ii-MDB ziphinda ziwaguqula amandla azo asebenzisa iindlela zokuphendula kwisivumelwano sase-Paris. Ziyakhawuleza ukufuduka ekuxhaseni i-oyile kunye neeprojekthi zegesi ezinyusa umsinga kwaye zibhekisa amaphepha azo okulinganisa kumandla acocekileyo, ukwenziwa kwemiqathango, kunye namandla. Indale yala maziko, enyanzelekile ngamazwe anikezelayo kunye namamkeli, iza kulawula ukuhamba kwemeko-bume yehlabathi. Umsebenzi wazo ekumiseleni imigangatho yobugcisa, ukunikeza iziqinisekiso zolawulo, nokukhuthaza iGreen CCF iyakuhlala ibalulekile. I-MDB ibekwe kwimisebenzi emincinane ephinda-phinde iphinde ilungiswe kwimiboniso emikhulu etsalayo kubenzi bezoshishino behlabathi, ngaloo ndlela ikhupha umsantsalo phakathi kweeprojekthi neemarike yemali.

Isiphelo

Uncedo oluvela kwamanye amazwe lusoloko lusisisixhobo esiyimfuneko kumgudu wehlabathi wonke wokulwa nokupheliswa kwemozulu. Ngeli xesha lujongene neenkxalabo ezifanelekileyo ngokuphathelele ukuphumelela, ukulondolozwa, kunye nokulungelelwaniswa kweemfuno zobulali, ukusetyenziswa kwemali evulelweyo, inkxaso yobugcisa, kunye nengxoxo yenkqubo yenkqubano yesixhobo ikhawulezile ukusetyenziswa ngokukhawulezileyo kumandla akhawulezileyo kwimimandla ebeya kushiyeka. Ugxininiso-mandla kufuneka luqhubekeke ngokubhekiselele phambili kwilizwe ebelunokubhekisa kwizinto ezintle, uncedo olungakumbi olunxulumene nemali, oluzinzileyo, ubuchule bobulali, kunye nokuzinziswa kwemeko-ntle yemeko-ntle yemeko-meko-ntle. Ngokuqhubeka lunokuqinisekisa ukuphuhliswa kwalo, ukuhambela kwemeko-ntle yehlabathi lamazwe ngamazwe ngamazwe ngamazwe ngamazwe ngamazwe ngamazwe ngamazwe, ukuqinisekisa ukuhambela kwawo onke ukuhambela phambili koqoqo kwemeko-meko-meko-meko-ntle