Njengoko imozulu itshintsha ngokukhawuleza, enye yezona ngxaki zixinzeleleyo ezijongene nemimandla yonxweme emhlabeni wonke kukunyuka okuzinzileyo komgangatho wolwandle. Le nto isongela inkxaso yamanzi acocekileyo, izibonelelo ezibubukhali, kunye nemekobume entle exhasa uluntu kunye nezidalwa ezahlukeneyo. Ekuphenduleni, abenzi beenkqubo, oonjineli, kunye nenzululwazi yendalo basungula iindlela zobuchule zokulawula amanzi ukuze baqhelanise olu tshintsho kwaye bakhusele abantu ababuthathaka. Imfuno yokusebenza ngokusebenza ngokunempumelelo, inkqubo yamanzi asekelwe kwinzululwazi ayizange ibe yeyona nto ingxamise, njengoko ukunyuka kooxinezeleko olukhoyo olunjengolwando lwabemi basedolobeni, ukurhoxakeka kwamanzi, kunye nolwando lwamanzi. Eli nqaku lihlola iimpembelelo kumgangatho wamanzi, ukuvavanywa kwendlela yokulungisa inkqubela, kunye neemeko eziphumelelayo ezinokukhokela imigudu yokutshintsha kwixesha elizayo.

Ukuqonda Impembelelo Yomgangatho Wolwandle Kubangelwa Zimithombo Yamanzi

Umgangatho wolwandle unyuka ngeziphumo zabaqhubi ababini abaphambili: ukunyibilika kwamaqabaka nomkhenkce, kunye nokunyuka kobushushu bamanzi olwandle xa efudumala. Ngokwe-Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), umgangatho wolwandle othe wanda emhlabeni wonke unyuke malunga nee-sentimitha ezingama-20 ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, kwaye isantya sikhawuleze kakhulu kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje. Naphantsi kwemiqathango ephakathi, uboniso lubonisa ukunyuka kwee-sentimitha ezingama-30-60 ngo-2060, kunye namaxabiso aphezulu xa incam yomkhenkce ithe yaya kutshona. Olu tshintsho lusenokubonakala luthothothoko, kodwa umthamo wamanzi ubunzulu.

Imimandla yonxweme ifumana ubuninzi obuninzi kunye nobunzulu bokhukhuliseko, okusuka kukhukuliseko lwezaqhwithi kunye nokukhukhuliseka okuphezulu “kwimini ye-sunny.” Oku kugquma kungaphazamisa iinkqubo zamanzi obushushu, konakalise izityalo ezisebenzisa amanzi amdaka, kwaye kungcolise imithombo yamanzi acocekileyo ngetyuwa kunye nezinto ezingcolisayo. Enye yeziphumo ezingalindelekanga ezingalindelekanga kukungena emanzini anetyuwa kunxweme angena emanzini acocekileyo. Njengoko umgangatho wolwandle unyuka, uxinzelelo lwendalo olusemganga phakathi kwamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba namanzi olwandle, lubangela ukuba amanzi anetyuwa atyhale atyhafezwe ngaphakathi naphezulu. Oku kungenza amanzi amanzi aselwandle angabinamanzi acocekileyo kwaye athoba umgangatho wehlabathi.

Ukunyuka konxweme kunyusa amanzi aneengxaki ezinxulumeneyo. Ukulahleka kweendawo ezingamaxhadi aselwandle kususa izigcini ezisihlayo zendalo eziphumayo nezizinzileyo. Udityaniso lwezikhukula, ukhukuliso, kunye nokhukuliso lufuna ububanzi, phambili kwemigaqo-nkqubo yamanzi ejonge ukhuseleko olukhawulezileyo kunye nogcino-lwazi olude lwe-internate.

Iimpendulo zomgaqo-nkqubo wamanzi otsha

Oorhulumente nemibutho ehlabathini jikelele isebenzisa iinkqubo eziziinguqu ukucombulula le mingeni intsonkothileyo. Ezi mpendulo zifumaneka kumlinganiselo wesakhiwo, indlela esekelwe kwindalo, utyalo-mali lwezobugcisa, kunye notshintsho olukhoyo. Ngeli ngezantsi ziinkqubo ezingundoqo ezibonakala ziphumelela.

Ulawulo lwamanzi oluzinzileyo

Abaphathi bamanzi basoloko bexhomekeke kwimithetho eqinileyo kunye nezibonelelo ezimileyo, kodwa umgangatho wolwandle unyusa ukungazinzi okunzulu. Ulawulo lwamanzi oluguquguqukayo lubandakanya ubhetyebhetye kwimiqathango kunye nemisebenzi. I-Pricies yenzelwe ukuguqula imbonakalo njengeemeko, isebenzisa ulwabiko olunamandla lwamalungelo amanzi, iinkqubo zokoqobo zokujonga ixesha, kunye nokuphindaphindwa kwemiqathango. Umzekelo, ezinye izingenisi-manzi ngoku zisebenzisa “imipheketho ebangela ukulondolozwa kwemijelo yogcino-moya xa amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba efikelela kumgangatho othile. Le ndlela ivumela abaphathi ukuba bathengise ngaphandle kokunikezela ngamanzi, ukuhamba kwemeko-bume, kunye nezingeniso zexesha ngaphandle kokuzinzisa izigqibo ezingalungisekiyo. [FLT:] [FLT]]

Imimandla Yasethafeni Eyakhiwe Yaza Yabuyiselwa

Amaxhama aqhelekileyo kunye namaxhathisi abuyiselweyo asebenza “njengezibonelelo zendalo” ezikhuthaza isiphepho, izihluzi ezicocayo, kunye namanzi asemhlabeni. Amaxhama akhiweyo enzelwe ukulingisa le misebenzi kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo. Abenzi benkqubo baya badibanisa iindawo ezihlala imeenda ezimdaka kunye nezikhukula. Umzekelo, umkhosi wamajoni e-U.S. ngoku ukhuthaza“indawo ezifunxekileyo ze-Inginearezi" ecaleni kweleves. [i-FLT] I-Vietnam ibuyisela amahlathi e-Mangroves ukunciphisa amandla nokukhusela amazansiba omeya. Ngaphandle, ukhukula, ukuphatha umkhukula nezithazo zonke ezinakele. Ukulungisa amanzi kunika indawo yokuhlala izilwanyana kunye neenko, ukwenza ii-conberneat ezixhasa uluntu. [5] [i-NFLD] Iingxelo ze-ENFolves]

Ubuchule bokusebenzisa ikhompyutha

Ukukhupha ityuwa kumanzi olwandle okanye emanzini aphantsi komhlaba amdaka ukuvelisa amanzi acocekileyo. Njengoko imithombo yamanzi acocekileyo incitshiswa okanye iphelelwa, ukukhutshwa komphunga kunika uxhaso lwemvula. Ngokwangoku izityalo ezihlisa i-athomus ziyakwazi ukukhupha amandla angakumbi kwaye azibizi kakhulu, ziquka izikhuseli-mandla angaphezulu kakhulu kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini edluleyo, zisebenzisa amandla anciphayo malunga nama-75% ukususela kuma 1970. Noko ke, ukukhutshwa komoya kuhlala kubiza imali eninzi xa kuthelekiswa nemithombo eqhelekileyo kwaye kuvelisa i-injini eninzi ekufuneka isetyenziswe kakuhle ukuze kuthintele indalo yaselwandle. Izinto eziphazamisa ukukhutshwa kwemibhobhobhozo ziquka izikhuseli ezikhutshwayo, njengoko i-Rhobonflate , i-Centromenual , i-ogal ephakathi, i-olineedia amanani athe kakhulu amanzi atheneyo. [ngeevenmentations]

Unyango oluphathweyo kunye nezithintelo zonxweme

Kwezinye iindawo, eyona ntshukumo ixabisa kakhulu i-166term enika iziphumo ezininzi kukususwa kwemiqathango, iimpahla, kunye nezibonelelo ezikude kumacandelo aphezulu. Ukurhoxa okulawulwa kubandakanya ukucwangcisa utshintsho kwiminyaka okanye amashumi eminyaka, ukuthengela abanini-khaya izinto ezihambayo, iindlela kunye nezithintelayo emhlabeni, nokugcina umhlaba ongenanto njengendawo evulekileyo okanye indawo emanzi. Ngokufuthi, ukurhoxa kudityaniswa nemithetho ethintela ukwakhiwa kwelizwe entsha kunyaka ophezulu nokumiswa “kwehla kwemigca enyukayo” njengoko imigangatho yolwandle inyuka. Umzekelo, i-Chaza i-Climate Act nemithetho yokulawula unxweme lwaseNew Zealand ibandakanya izindululo ezifunekayo kwi-odromation. Nangona kucel

Ukulondoloza Amanzi Nezinto Eziluncedo

Ukuhlisa imfuneko yokufumana amanzi acocekileyo jikelele yenye yezona ndlela zilula nezixabiso eliphantsi zokunciphisa ukuchanabeka kwamanzi olwandle kunye nembalela. Iinkqubo zokuvula izithuba eziquka ithala lezinto ezilawula imigangatho ephezulu yokusetyenziswa kakhulu, iinkqubo zokuphinda-phinda iinkqubo zokusetyenziswa kwe-efabete eziphezulu, kunye namaphulo okuphaphamisa uluntu. Umzekelo, “inkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi amanzi eSingapore” inceda ukusika ukusetyenziswa kwamakhaya ngamanzi ngekota ngeshumi leshumi leshumi. Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi nokusetyenziswa kwakhona komsebenzi owenyukileyo; amanzi alahlwayo anokusetyenziswa ekunyobiseni, iinkqubo zoshishino-shishino, okanye kwanakusetyenziswa ngokungachananga. Ummandla wase-Calistrary, inkqubo ye-Foleaterstiondish ivelisa izigidi ezili-lithathuthuthu ngosuku, ekhusela amanzi e-ayi-ayi-ayivini ekhuselwayo.

Uhlolisiso lwemeko lwempumelelo

Imimandla eliqela ehlabathini lonke iye yayivelisa ngoovulindlela le nkqubo, inikela izifundo ezixabisekileyo kwabanye abajamelene nezisongelo ezifanayo.

INetherlands: Isibopho Sesizwe Sokulungisa Ulawulo Lwamanzi

Ngokunokwenzeka i-Netherlands yinkokeli yehlabathi ephila ngamanzi. Phantse inye kwisithathu selizwe ingaphantsi komgangatho wolwandle, kodwa ihlala ihleli kwaye isebenza kakhulu. Indlela ye-Netherlands idibanisa imoof̆the téarty ngobuchule obulungelelanisayo. iDelta Works/asystem yamadame, i-luices, i-levees, kunye nesiphepho esinguqhwithisi-zipheke-zipheneyo, zikhusela i-Rhinfere-mesfectet. Ngokukhawuleza, i-Datshis aye asuka “kulwa nolwandle” ukuya ku“ igumbi lomlambo." igumbi lodweliso loMlambo, ukhukula, ukhukulima, kwaye yenza imijelo eninzi yamanzi. Le mijelo inciphisa ukwanda komonakalo. Xa kusanda kusetyenziswa ulawulo lwamanzi, i-Datshiach iphinda i-64, kunye ne-eaces processssssss propoints tray i-ance tray

EKhalifoniya: Ukudibanisa Ulondolozo, Ukuhamba Ngebhayisekile, Nolawulo Lwamanzi Asemhlabeni

Amava eKhalifoniya okuchanabeka komsinga wetyuwa kunye nokungangeni konxweme aqhube inyathelo elifanelekileyo lenkqubo yobuchule obutsha. UMthetho weSinandi Wolawulo lwamanzi Asemhlabeni Ongangeni manzi (SGMA), odlule ngo-2014, ufuna ukuba abameli basekuhlaleni bafake izitya zokutshiza izitya ezidityanisiweyo ngo-2040. Kwimimandla yonxweme, i-SGMA ithetha ngokungqalileyo ngokuphazamisa amanzi anetyuwa ngokufuna ukugada nokulawulwa kwamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba kufutshane nonxweme. I-Metrolitan yamanzi athengwa kakhulu ekuvuleni nasekususeni amanzi. IProbibi yeProjectal iProjective iProjective ne-Central Privity i-Crigionsbad i-50-50-aid ngemini, kwaye isityalo sitshana i-ukhuselwa i-lwandle. Ngexesha elinye i-omgadi ye-omgal-om, i-om ye-orseaceaceasel, i-om, i-o

IBangladesh: Uluntu 76 Luziqhelanisa Ngokusekelwe KwiDelta Engenakuphenjelelwa

IBangladesh yenye yamazwe anokulawulwa kwemozulu eMhlabeni, enendawo esezantsi ekhoyo engenisa abantu abangaphezu kwekhulu elinamakhulu alithoba. Umgangatho welwandle unyusa ukhukuliseko, inkanyamba, kunye nokungena kwamanzi etyuwa emilanjeni nasemithonjeni. Urhulumente, esebenzisana neNjongo kunye nabanikazi behlabathi lonke, uqhubele utshintsho olusezantsi. Oku kuquka ukwakha imithombo enyusiweyo efumana amanzi acocekileyo evela ekujuleni, amaza enkanyamba; ukwakha izikhukula eziphiswa ngamanzi angaphantsi kwamaza; inkanyamba eziphinda kabini njengemijukuhluzo zemvula; nokukhuthaza ityuwa yomeya. Iprojelo ye-Embankbankgrade iprojective i-projectivesting exhakalka kakhulu, i-ok-okthi ye-okn-oktha eluncedo kuluntu lwasekuhlaleni. Nangona ingu-Geneasvolu, i-ea eluncedo esifunyaniso i-ogneka, i-oglo i-oglo

Iingxaki Nemigaqo Yexesha Elizayo

Naphezu kwezi zintsha, imiqobo ephawulekayo iphazamisa ukusetyenziswa kolwamkelo olusebenzayo lwentsabelo yamanzi kumgangatho wolwandle.

Ukunqongophala kwemali nokunqongophala kwezoqoqosho

Uninzi lweendlela ezisebenzayo zokufumana inkxaso-mali .Iimeko ezinkulu, ukubuyiselwa kwethafa leweland, ilawule ihlwili---erectreor yotyalo-mali oluluqilima. Amaqela aselwandle asoloko engenaso isiseko serhafu okanye ubuchule bokuboleka ukuxhasa imisebenzi enjalo. Oorhulumente belizwe kunye namalungiselelo emali yezizwe ngezizwe kufuneka baqhubekeke ngemiqathango enika inkxaso, ephantsi kwemali edityanisiweyo, kunye neenkqubo zenkxaso yemali ezifana nezibophelelo eziluhlaza okanye ukuthembana. [FLT: 0][5] Ubuchule bokubonelela iReduction neRevection bunceda amazwe ukuba abe nomngcipheko wemali edityanisiweyo edityanisiweyo edityanisiweyo, edityaniswe imali, edityaniswe nemali edityanisiweyo. Ngaphandle kogcino-mali engcono kakhulu ye-paneyo

Ukuthanda Kwezobupolitika Neziphazamiso Zeziko

Iinkqubo zokuzivumelanisa nenkqubo zezobupolitika ezifutshane ezibonayo, ezizinzileyo ezikhawulezileyo, iinguqu ezithe ngcembe. Ukurhoxa okulawulwayo, ngokukodwa, akuthandwa kwezobupolitika ngenxa yokuba kufuneka abantu bashiye umhlaba namakhaya. Amagosa aqatshelweyo asenokuba mathidala ukunyanzela imiqobo yonxweme okanye ukunyusa amazinga okuhlawula izityalo zokuhlaziya. Ukuyeka le miqobo kufuna ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokutshintsha izinto. Ukuzinzisa okuqhubekayo, unxibelelwano lwenzululwazi olucacileyo, kunye neenkqubo zokuceba ezidibanisa abagcini-mathilithi. Imithetho engokwasemthethweni, njenge-Europe’s Water Frames Frameocle Directionide Directionation okanye i-SGMA, kunakho ukunyusa ulawulo lweziko kwaye kuvelbhexel-mthetho oko kubandakanya unxibelelwano olungaphaya kolawulo lomntu ngamnye.

Imithetho Esesikweni

Umgangatho wemozulu owenziwe wamanzi owehlayo owehlayo ngomlinganiselo ongenakulinganiswa uchaphazela imibutho efumana imali ephantsi kunye namaqela aphantsi, ahlala rhoqo kwiindawo ezinamanzi aneempumlo kwaye anezinto ezimbalwa zokuvumelana nazo. Iimpendulo zamanzi maziyilelwe ukuhambisa iindleko neengenelo ezifanelekileyo. Umzekelo, intlawulo yamanzi elandelelanayo kufuneka iquke amaqondo obomi ukwenzela ukusetyenziswa okubalulekileyo. Iinkqubo zokuthoba kufuneka zinike intlawulo kunye noncedo lwemali yokufuduswa kwelizwe, hayi nje ukuthenga ngaphandle kwemirhumo. Imisebenzi yokusebenza korhwebo kunye nokubhabhabha nokuhamba kwamanzi kufuneka ibekwe ngomngeni wokuphepha imicimbi yoluntu ukuze kuphelw

Ukuhlaziywa koHlahlo nokuHlaliswa

Inkqubo zamanzi zexesha elizayo ziza kuxhomekeka kugcino-lwazi oluchanekileyo, oluphezulu olumalunga nomphakamo wolwandle, umthamo wamanzi asemhlabeni, kunye nomngcipheko wokhukhuliseko. Inkqubela kwi-nkqubela kuveyi ye-oyile ekude, uhlolo lwe-drono, kunye nemifanekiso ye-IIP enamandla anamandla okunyusa uqikelelo kunye nokuxhasa isigqibo sokwenyaniso ngexesha le-6209. I-gtizenegnetic system eqokelela amanzi alinganayo kunye nomgangatho wetyuwamanzi ophezulu. Abenzi benkqubo bomthetho kufuneka bafake izithuba kugcino-data kunye neqonga-plattingstyree ukuze basebenzise ubuchule bokulungisa, ulawulo olusekelwe kwi-[9]. Intsebenziswano lwezizwe ngezizwe, njengenkqubo ye-Global Ocean Observing System, ibalulekile ekulandeleniseni kwemiqatha yemida nezenzo ezingcono ezinqamle imida.

Isiphelo

Imozulu neendawo ezithe tye ezinyukayo zaselwandle kufuneka unyuko lomlinganiselo wolwandle olunesibindi, oludala, nolulinganayo. Akukho sisombululo sinye saneleyo; umgangatho wolawulo lwendalo, isiseko sendalo, ukukhutshwa, ugcino-mali, kunye nokurhoxa kwemeko-ntle iyafuneka. Imizekelo ephumelelayo evela eNetherlands, eKhalifoniya, naseBangladesh ibonisa ukuba nangona iingxaki zizokwenene, inkqubela inokwenzeka xa inzululwazi, umanyano loluntu, kunye nezopolitiko ziqhubeka zinyuka, njengoko umgangatho wolwandle uqhubeka unyuka, ukhetho esilwenza namhlanje luya kugqiba enoba imimandla yasemanxweme ingakhusela kusini na amanzi acocekileyo kwaye yakha ugcino oluhlala ixesha elide. Ngokufunda kumava nolwando, uluntu lungaguqula umngcipheko wokwenza ubuchule, umanyano lwamanzi oluxhaselulungele ukufikelela kumanzi.