UMthetho-sisekelo we-United States uyikhonkolo yenkululeko yaseMelika, umisa uhlelo lwamalungelo avikela zonke izakhamuzi − kuhlanganise nabafundi. Ngokomongo wemfundo, lomthetho-sisekelo uqinisekisa indlela izikole ezisebenza ngayo, isiyalo, kanye nokusebenzelana nentsha. Ukuqonda amalungelo omthetho-sisekelo wabafundi akuyona imfuneko engokomthetho kodwa kuyisidingo esisebenzayo kubafundisi, abaphathi, nabafundi ngokwabo. Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukuhlolwa okunegunya, okuqinile kwemiyalo eyinhloko evikela inkululeko yabafundi, izinqumo zenkantolo yezemingcele ezichaza, nezinselele zamanje eziqhubeka zivivinya imingcele yabo.

INhlangano Yomthetho - sisekelo Yamalungelo Abafundi

Iziphendu ezintathu zakha umsuka wesivikelo somthetho-mthethweni ezikoleni zomphakathi: iSichibiyelo sokuqala (iSiphendulo sezentengiselwano, inkolo, ingqungquthela), [ iSimende seSiphendu-mfutho [[ (ukuhlola nokuphanga), kanye nokuphamba), kanye [[FLT] neSiphendulo se-FONT] [[FLT] [[FLT] [[FLT] [5] [indlela efanelekile] (isivikelo nenqubo efanele). Nakuba iMidlaliv yamalungelo ekuqaleni yasebenza kuhulumeni, iSimende yeSime seSimende seSimende seSimezi seSime,” [i-Clayideclausckault] “ishop [iix] kusetshenziswa i-odvoult, ngaphandle kommes producerst, i-od provirtir

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi abafundi abawadeli wonke amalungelo omthetho-mthetho esangweni lesikole. Njengoba iNkantolo Ephakeme yamemezela ngokudume kakhulu e Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District [1969], “Akunakushiwo ukuthi abafundi noma othisha badedela amalungelo abo omthetho-mthetho enkululeko yokukhuluma noma yokukhuluma esangweni lesikole.” Kodwa lawo malungelo awaphelele; izikole zinesithakazelo esingokomthetho ekulondolozeni imvume yokuphepha, nokuthunywa kwezemfundo. Ukushukuma kwenkululeko nemfundo yomthetho wemfundo.

ISichibiyelo Sokuqala Samalungelo Ezikole

Isichibiyelo sokuqala siqinisekisa inkululeko yokukhuluma, yenkolo, yezindaba, yemihlangano, neyesicelo. ngasinye salezisivikelo siyasebenza ezikoleni, kodwa kunemingcele ebalulekile izinkantolo eziye zayigunyaza ngokucophelela phakathi nengxenye yekhulu elidlule.

Inkululeko Yokukhuluma

Icala le-iconic .Des Moines v laqinisekisa ukuthi abafundi bangaveza imibono − noma ikuphikiswana ngayo − uma nje le nkulumo ingaphazamisani ngokwenyama nakakhulu nenqubo yemfundo noma amalungelo abanye. ETinker, abafundi abathathu babelengiswe ngenxa yokugqoka izibambo ezimnyama ukuze baphikise iMpi yaseVietnam. INkantolo Ephakeme yanquma ngokuvumelana nabo, yakha “uvivinyo lweTinker” oluhlala luyindingasikhonzi senkulumo yabafundi.

Kamuva izenzakalo zanciphisa lesosivikelo esikhulu. KuBethel School District No. 403 v. Fraser (1986), iNkantolo yasekela ukususwa kwenkulumo yomfundi owanikeza inkulumo engcolile, exubile emhlanganweni wesikole, iphethe ukuthi izikole zingavimbela inkulumo engcolileyo noma ecasulayo elulazayo elulaza umsebenzi wabo wemfundo. [Frederick:] Mers v. [2007], iNkantolo yavumela umfundi ukuba asebenzise isaziso sokufunda ibhanile ebhandekweni lencwadi “BONG JES 4 JEAS, kusesitejini, kulelo zikhomba ukuthuthukisa inkulumo engekho emthethweni. [FLT] [Fred: 2] [FROLT] [2007]

Lezi zenzakalo ezintathu ``````FLT'', Fraser, Fraser',' elungisa inxenye emithathu. . . . uvikela ukukhulumela kwezombangazwe nokuhlalisa ngaphandle kokuba kubangele ukuphazamiseka okukhulu. Fraser[ uvumela ukuvinjelwa kokukhuluma okungcolileyo noma okungcolile. [[FLT:]] [FLT]] [FLT] ukuvumela imingcele yenkulumo esekela ukuziphatha okungekho emthethweni. Izinkantolo ezisezantsi ziyaqhubeka zisebenzisa lezi zindinganiso ezintsha, ikakhulukazi i-intanethi eyenzeka ngaphandle kwezindawo zesikole kodwa ezichithela isikole. Isibonelo, [[FLTL:] [2] Isikole sesifunda sesifunda.[5] [2]

Inkululeko Yenkolo

ISichibiyelo Sokuqala sinezigaba ezimbili zenkolo: Ukumiswa kukaClaus (ukugunyazwa kukahulumeni ogunyaza inkolo) ne - Free Execree Claus (ukuvikela umkhuba wabantu ongokwenkolo). Ezikoleni, lezizigaba ziveza kokubili imingcele nesivikelo.

Ukwakhiwa kwe-Claus kuvimbela umthandazo wesikole owenziwe wamukeleka, ukufunda iBhayibheli, nemfundiso yokudalwa kwendalo njengesayensi. Engel v. Vitale (1962), iNkantolo ePhakamileyo yenqaba umthandazo owenziwe uhulumeni ezikoleni zomphakathi, iphethe ukuthi ngisho nomthandazo ongewona ongowenkolo uwephula i-Claus. Izenzakalo zanweba umqondo kuthisha owenziwe lapho ethweswa iziqu zabafundi nomthandazo owenziwe ngezimiso zomphakathi lapho izikhulu zesikole zihilelekile.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abafundi balondoloza ilungelo lokuthandaza ngabanye, ukwakha amaqedlele enkolo, futhi baveze izinkolelo ezingokwenkolo uma nje benza kanjalo ngesisekelo sokuzithandela, esingadibanisi. i-Equal Access Act [ ka-1950] ifuna izikole zasemabangeni aphezulu ukuze zivumele amaqembu aphezulu abafundi ukuba ahlangane esikoleni uma bevumela amanye amaqembu angewona ahlobene. INkantolo Ephakeme isekela lomthetho Bhoward yemfundo v. [6:][FLT] [1990]]. Othisha nabaphathi kumelwe bahambe ngokucophelela: abanawo bangawuvumela umthandazo kodwa abafundi ukuba bawuvumele ukuba basebenze ukholo lwabo ngokuzithandela.

Ilungelo Lokuhlanganisa

Abafundi banelungelo lokuhlangana ngokuthula futhi bakha izinxulumani ezishukumayo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ikhono lokwakha ama-albun, ukuqhuba imihlangano, nokuhlanganyela ekubhikisheni ngokuthula, uma nje umsebenzi ungaphazamiseki imisebenzi yesikole. I-Uncime Act eshiwo ngenhla iyisivikelo esiyinhloko. I-Hazelwood School u-v. Kuhlmeier[FLD] [1988] [1] [1988], iNkakhulu leNkantolo icacisa ukuthi isikole sinezinqikiliswe izincwadi nemisebenzi (njengephephandaba elikhiqiniswe njengengxenye yesigaba somhleli) lingasekulawule kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi baphethe isikole ngenkani yomphakathi. Kodwa abangesona isikole sikhululwe ngesikhulumi, izingxoxo ezizimele njengamaqembu abafundi noma ama-teshini adlalwayo, ama-Tkerner, ayamukela isivikelo esikhungo sesikole.

Ukushaywa umoya kwabafundi nokubhikisha eminyakeni yamuva nje ngenxa yobudlova bezibhamu, ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, noma ubulungisa bezenhlalo, kufaka imvume phakathi: abafundi banelungelo lomthetho-sisekelo lokuveza ukungavumelani, kodwa izikole zingabeka isikhathi, indawo, nezindlela zokuvimbela ukuphazamiseka. Ngokwesibonelo, isikole singase sifune ukuba abantu baphume ngesikhathi sokudla kwasemini noma ngemva kwesikole, uma umthetho ukhona phakathi nekilasi.

ISichibiyelo Sesine Samalungelo Abantu – Ukufuna Nokungawutholi Umlomo

ISichibiyelo sesine sivikela abantu ekuphenyisweni okungenangqondo nasekuqulekeni.

Imbangela Enengqondo Yokuzibamba

Icala eliphawulayo iNew Jersey v. T.L.O. (1985) lalihilela umfundi wasesikoleni esiphakeme owabamba ukubhema endlini yokugezela. Lapho uthishanhloko ehlola isikhwama sakhe, wathola ugwayi, amaphepha aqengqekayo, nobufakazi bokuphatha izidakamizwa. INkantolo Ephakeme yanquma ukuthi izikhulu zesikole zingaseshadisisa abafundi ngaphandle kwemvume uma ‘ benobufakazi obunengqondo bokusola ukuthi ukupheka ukuthi umfundi uphule noma uphula umthetho noma imithetho yesikole.” Ukuhlola kumelwe futhi kuchazwe “ngendlela engathi kuqondanayo ngokwezimo.” Lengxenye ezimbili zokusola okunengqondo (ukusola okunengqondo ++) isilinganiso sokubusa.

Ukuhlola Izidakamizwa

Ukuhlolwa kwezidakamizwa okungakhethi kwabafundi abasubathi kwakusekelwa ku-Vernonia School District 47j. Acton (1995], lapho iNkantolo yathi abadlali babafundi baye banciphisa amathemba abo siqu nokuthi isithakazelo sesikole sokunqanda ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa phakathi kwabadlali (ababhekene nezingozi ezikhubazekile) sasiphoqelekile. INkantolo kamuva yandisa lokhu kucabanga kubo bonke abafundi abahlanganyela emisebenzini yokuncintisana exhumele [FLT]] Bhoard yezemfundo v. Earls (2002]. Nokho, ukusolwa okungahleliwe ngokunyelele kokuhlola okungenangqondo kwezidakamizwa umzimba wonke umfundi noma abafundi abahilelekile emicimbisweni ngokunokwenzeka ngeke kudlule umthetho womthetho womthetho womthetho womthetho womthetho.

Ukuhlola I - locker, I - desk, Ne - electronic

Amakheli namadeski ayizindawo zesikole, kodwa abafundi bavame ukulinda imfihlo. Izinkantolo eziningi zisebenzisa iT.L.O. indinganiso, ivumela ukuphenya uma kunentethelelo enengqondo. Izikole zinganciphisa amathemba ezindaba zomuntu siqu zabafundi ngokusho ngokucacile, ukuthi izikhokhelo zibhekene nezindawo zokuhlola ezingahleliwe, ezingathungathanga. I-Laptop iphakamisa ezinye izindaba ezibhekeneyo ngaphansi kweSiphendulo sesine futhi idinga ukusola okuthile noma inqubo yesikole enikeza isaziso esifanelekile nemingcele yezinga lokuhlola. Ezinye izinkantolo ziye zafuna izikhulu zesikole ukuba zithole isiqinisekiso ngaphambi kokuhlola okukhulu (njengophenyo ehlolwa) ngokungenangqondo. [FLD:] [FOLD] [FD] .FTSDiglated .[FFProst] [200]]

Isichibiyelo Seshumi Nane – Isivikelo Esilinganayo Nenqubo Efanele

ISichibiyelo seshumi nane sinikeza abafundi izihlangu ezimbili ezinamandla: Isivikelo se-Equal Clause ne I-Classium Procession.

Isivikelo Esilinganayo

I-Umeal Protection Claus idinga ukuba bonke abafundi baphathwe ngokulinganayo ngaphansi komthetho. Lesi simiso siye saba esiyinhloko emizamweni yokususa ukuhlukana ( Brown v. ibhodi yemfundo [1954]) inqanda ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlanga ezikoleni), ubulili (Izigwebo zemfundo zango1979 zinqabela ukucwasana ngokobulili ezikoleni ezixhaswe imvume-mthetho), kanye nesivikelo sabafundi abakhubazekile (i-Arefex enobugrance Edult nesigaba 504 soMthetho we-Reveloption).

Izikole azinakukhetha ngesisekelo sohlanga ekuvumeni, ekulayweni, noma ekutholeni izinhlelo. Kumele zinikeze amathuba alinganayo kungakhathaliseki ubulili, kuhlanganise nokuxhasa imali efanayo emidlalweni nasezivikelini zokuxhashazwa ngokobulili. Eminyakeni yamuva, izinkantolo ziye zandisa izimiso ezilinganayo zokuvikela abafundi abadlulisa umzila we-acender, nezinkantolo eziningi zezicelo zikahulumeni eziphethe ukuthi ukucwaswa okusekelwe ekucwaseni kwesimilo esisekelwe ekucwaseni kwezocalucalucaluca ngokungene. ISihlomo se-IX neSikhungo Esilinganayo u-Classiaste Claus. INkantolome Bostock v. Clayton County[[F:1] 2020] [20])] ISihloko se-Sihloko se-VII sikholelwa ukuthi ukuvinjelwa kwecala elingokwayo elisekelwe ekucwaseni ngokobulili i-LBT+Shotivess.

Inhlanganiso

I-Guat Process Claus iqinisekisa ukuthi abafundi ababhekene nezijeziso ezingathi sína bathola izinqumo ezilungile. Ku-Gos v. Lopez [1997], iNkantolo Ephakeme yanquma ukuthi abafundi babhekene nokukhishwa kwezinsuku eziyishumi noma ezingaphansi kwelungelo lokuthola isijeziso esiphansi: isaziso samacala, incazelo yobufakazi obumelene nabo, nethuba lokusabela ngaphambi kokuba i-stempsche isebenze (ngaphandle kwezimo eziphuthumayo). Ngezindlela eziningi zokuxoshwa noma ukuxoshwa, izinqubo eziningi ezingokomthetho, njengofakazi nomelo olufana nokumelelwa kanye nokumelelwa."nesidingo esingokomthetho noma esikhungweni sesikole.

Inqubo efanele iyasebenza nasezinqumweni zemfundo, nakuba izinkantolo zinikeza izikole ukuqonda okwengeziwe ekuthuleni nasekuxoshweni kwezemfundo kunasezindabeni zokuyala. Abafundi abakhubazekile bathola ezinye izikhuselo zemfundo ngaphansi kwe-IDEIA.

Abafundi Abakhubazekile Bayakwazi Ukubhekana Nakho

I-IDEA idinga izikole zokunikeza abafundi i-Free The Providual Public Education (FAPE) ukuze bafaneleke ngokukhubazeka. Lokhu kuhlanganisa i-Exedigated Education Program (IEP) evumelana nezidingo zomfundi ngamunye. Ingxenye 504 inqabela ukucwaswa kwabafundi abakhubazekile kunoma yisiphi isimiso sokuthola izimali zikahulumeni. Izikole kumelwe zenze izindawo zokulala ezifanele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bayakwazi ukufinyelela, futhi ukuhluleka ukwenza kanjalo kungaholela emacaleni [1] Futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukulahlekelwa yinzuzo kahulumeni. I-Calmessagement Clace nemithetho e-omss ivikela ilungelo labafundi laba abathola imfundo enengqondo nefanele.

Uphawu Lwenkantolo Ephakeme Lulahla Amalungelo Abafundi

Ukuwaqonda kubalulekile kunoma ubani osebenza noma osekela isimiso semfundo.

  • .Des Moines Independent School School Community (1969)] – kusungulwe leyo nkulumo ebhekiswe kubafundi ngaphandle kokuba iphazamisa kakhulu imisebenzi yesikole. “Ukuhlolwa kwe-Tinker” kulokhu kuyindinganiso elawulayo.
  • Gos v. Lopez (1975) - - Iqinisekisa inqubo efanele yeprocedal (igama nezindlebe) phambi kokuthutha izinsuku eziyishumi noma ngaphansi.
  • New Jersey v. T.L.O. (1985) – Apt ISichibiyelo sesine sasebenzisa ukuseshwa kwesikole, samukela “indinganiso enengqondo”.
  • I-Bethel School District v. Fraser (1986) – Ivumele izikole ukuba zivale inkulumo engcolile noma esobala ezimisweni zesikole.
  • Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier (188) – izikole ezinikezweyo zilawula kakhulu ukulawulwa kwezincwadi zesikole ezimpontshelwe kanye nenkulumo yangemva kwesikole.
  • I-Board of Education v.Dianens (1990) - - Ukubheka i-Unime Act, ifuna izikole ukuvumela ama-alce Act angokwenkolo ngesisekelo esifanayo namanye ama-algin angewona angemva kwemfundo.
  • IVernonia School District v. Acton (1995) – Ukuhlolwa okungahleli kwezidakamizwa zabadlali babafundi.
  • [ More v. Frederick (2007) - - Ivumele izikole ukuba zivimbele ukukhuluma ngokukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa okungekho emthethweni kwezidakamizwa.
  • SAFford Aunte School District v. Readd (2009) – misa imingcele ekuhlolweni kwemida engaphakathi yabafundi.
  • Amahanoy Areace School District v. B.L. (2021) [[FL:1] - - Iwayithi izikole azinakujezisa ama-campus, inkulumo yabafundi engadideki kwimithombo yezokuxhumana.

Izinselele Nezimpikiswano Zesikhathi Esizayo

Ubuchwepheshe banamuhla nemikhuba engokwenhlalo ehlanganisa inqubo yomphakathi kwakha ukungezwani okusha phakathi kwamalungelo abafundi negunya lesikole.

Izindaba ezingokwenhlalo kanye nenkulumo ye-Campus

Ukukhula kwezenhlalo zezokuxhumana kuye kwawufiphaza umehluko phakathi kwe-campus ne-campus ukuziphatha. Isinqumo samaMahanoy saqaphela ukuthi izikole ngokuvamile azinalo igunya lokukhuluma ngokusuka nje ngaphandle kokuba zibangele ukuphazamisana okukhulu ekolishini noma ukusongela ukuphepha kwabafundi nezisebenzi. Kodwa izinkantolo eziphansi zilwa ngemibuzo efana: Ingabana kanjani isikole isiyalo somfundi nge-buhlanga noma iposi elisongelayo elenziwe ngoMgqibelo? Kuthiwani nge-inthaneti ehlasela umfundi ofunda naye? Impendulo ivame ukuxhomeke ekutheni inkulumo iholela ekuphazamiseni intengo eqinile esikoleni. Izikole zelulekwa kahle ukuba abafundi bafundise ngemiphumela yokuziphatha nokusebenza kahle kwezimiso zomthetho zamanje.

LGBTQ+ amalungelo

Amalungelo abafundi abasebenzisa iziteshi ezihambelana nobulili babo, ukuhlonipha amagama abo akhethiwe nezabizwana, nokuhlanganyela emisebenzini ebekwa ngokwezitho zobulili kuyahlaziywa. Nakuba iNkantolo Ephakeme ingakalawuli ecaleni labafundi ngokuqondile, izifunda eziningi zichaze iSihlomelo se-IX ne-Uncile Protection Claus ukuze zivikele abafundi abanyulile. Izenzwe zobulungisa nemfundo ngaphansi kwazo zombili izikhulu zamuva ziye zakhipha isiqondiso esiphikisanayo, ukudala ukudidedelwa kwezehlakalo zesifunda lapho isikole sikhona khona futhi zihlola iseluleko esingokomthetho. Izikole ezithatha abafundi abaningi eziphethe imithetho zinciphisa izingozi zeze futhi zithuthukise indawo ephephile yabo bonke abafundi.

Ukucwasana Ngokobuhlanga Nesiyalo Sesikole

Imininingwane ibonisa ukuhlukana okuqhubekayo kwezinhlanga eziyalweni zesikole (ukukhipha izivumelwano, ukuxosha, ukukhomba umthetho). Abameleli baphikisa ngokuthi lokhu kwahluka kwezehlakalo kuphula i-Comencial Protection Clause, ikakhulukazi uma izimiso zinemiphumela ehlukene ngaphandle kobulungisa obunamandla bemfundo. Ezinye izikole ziye zalungisa imithetho yesiyalo yokugcizelela ukuqondiswa kobulungisa nokulinganisela imithetho evimbela ukugcinwa komthetho. Izero eliveza imiphumela ebuhlungu ewumphumela weziphazambeko ezincane. Izemfundo yezemfundo yeHwe ihlola izikhalazo zobandlululo lwesizwe. Izikole kumelwe ziqinisekise ukuthi imikhuba yazo yokucwasana isetshenziswa ngendlela efanayo futhi akukho ukucwasana ngenhloso.

Isiqondiso Esiwusizo Kothisha Nabafundi

Ukuvikela amalungelo omthetho - sisekelo emfundweni kudinga okungaphezu kokuthobela umthetho kuphela — kudinga isiko lenhlonipho nokuqaphela.

Ukwakha Amalungelo Okuhlonipha Amasiko Esikole

Izikole kufanele zihlanganise izifundo eziphathelene noMthetho-sisekelo ezifundweni, hhayi kuphela ezifundweni zikahulumeni noma zomlando kodwa ezisezihlokweni. Abafundi abaqonda amalungelo abo bathambekele kakhulu ekuwasebenziseni ngokunozwela. Ukuqeqeshelwa njalo othisha nabaphathi bezindawo ezisemthethweni nazo futhi kuyagxeka. Izikole eziningi zisebenzisa izincwadi ezichaza ngokucacile amalungelo abafundi nezinqubo zokuyala, ukusesha, nokukhuluma.

Imithetho evimbela ukukhuluma kwabafundi ngenxa yokwesaba ukuphazamiseka ingaba engekho emthethweni. Kunalokho, abaphathi kufanele basebenzise uhlelo lwe-Tinker ukuze bahlole isimo ngasinye: Ingabe inkulumo ibangela noma ingenza ukuphazamiseka kwezinto ezibonakalayo? Ingabe ikhuthaza izenzo ezingekho emthethweni? Uma kungenjalo, kufanele ivunyelwe.

Ukuceba Nemithombo

Abafundi nabazali abakholelwa kumalungelo abo baye bephulwa bangafuna usizo ezinhlanganweni ezinjenge- American Civil Libersion Union (ACLU]), ekhipha iziqondiso ezibanzi elungelweni abafundi. Omunye umthombo yi- Cornell Legin Information Institute umthetho wezemfundo weSiko lezemfundo , onikeza izincazelo ezicacile zezehlakani ezinkulu. [[[FLT:] Oyez] unikeza ukuqopha okuqokoshelwayo kanye nokucaciswa kwempikiswano yeNka yeNkanto, uvumela abafundi nabahlohli bezwe ngokuqondile eMacaleni ebulungisa. Isikole singamema futhi amalungelo omphakathi noma abameli bezomthetho wezomthetho wezomthetho wezomthetho.

Ngezindaba zokuyala, inkambo engcono kakhulu ukwazi izinqubo ezilotshiwe zesikole nokucela inqubo efanele uma ukuxoshwa noma ukuxoshwa kubonakala kungalungile. Iseluleko esingokomthetho siyatuseka ezindabeni ezingathi sína, kodwa izingxabano eziningi zingaxazululwa ngezindlela ezingahleliwe uma umfundi nomzali beqonda isimiso somthetho - sisekelo.

Isiphetho

Amalungelo oMthetho-sisekelo emfundweni akayona imibandela engenakuchazwa − ayiyonto engokoqobo yansuku zonke. Kusukela kumfundi ofaka inkinobho yezombangazwe kuya kulowo ocela isikhashana somthandazo buthule, kusukela kumgijimi obhekene nokuhlolwa kwezidakamizwa okungahleliwe kuya kwentsha ebhekene nokuxoshwa kwe-methodlwana yezenhlala-khaya, indwangu yomthetho yemfundo yaseMelika ihlale ihlolwa futhi iqiniswa. Abafundisi abahlonipha amalungelo abafundi bakhuthaza ukuthembana nokuthembisana komphakathi. Abafundi abawazi amalungelo abo baba ngabameleli abagunyazi bobulungisa. Ngokuqonda iziNkaliso Zokuqala, ezesine, nezeNguqulo zenkantolo ezichaza ukuthi zenza amalungu esikoleni, futhi zonke izinqumo zesikole zisiza ekuthuthukiseni inkululeko nokuhleleka komphakathi, nalapho isikole sihlala indawo lapho konke kuvikelwe khona ngaphansi koMthetho womthetho womthetho.