Table of Contents
I-Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) iphambili emizamweni yaseJapane yokulawula imithombo yayo yokudoba ngokuqhubekayo. Njengenkonzo yeqophelo likakhabethe kuhulumeni waseJapane onomthwalo wemfanelo wokwengamela ezolimo, ukudoba nezokudoba, i-MAFF isungule izimiso ezibanzi zokusingatha izinselele ezibhekene nesigaba sokudoba iJapane. Njengoba amaqoqo ezinhlanzi embulunga yonke ngaphansi kokucindezela kokudoba ngokweqile, ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, nokuwohloka kwendawo ezungezile, indlela efanelekile ka-MaFFF ifuna ukulinganisela ukuchuma kwezentengiselwa kwezentengiselwano yezilwane kanye nesidingo esiphuthumayo sokulondoloza imvelo kanye nokugcinwa kwengcebo.
Izwe Elibucayi Labadobi BaseJapane
Imboni yokudoba yaseJapane ibhekene nezinselele eziyinkimbinkimbi ezisongela kokubili ukuphumelela kwayo kwezomnotho nokulondolozwa kwendawo ezungezile. Ukudoba kwezinhlanzi kwaseJapane kuye kwehla kusukela eqophelweni eliphakeme lamathani ayizigidi ezingu-1,282 ngo-1984 kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-364 ngo-2022, okumelela ukwehla okuphawulekayo okuye kwaguqula zonke izimboni. Lokhu kwehla kubonisa izici eziningi ezihlangene okumelwe i-MAFF ixoxe ngazo ngesimiso sayo.
Izinhlanzi zaseJapane, phakathi kwezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni, manje zibhekene neqophelo eliphezulu, futhi ngo-2017, cishe ingxenye yama-37 amasheya anamanani okulinganisela ayeyeqisa noma adotshwa ngokweqile. Lokhu kugcizelela ukuphuthuma kokusebenzisa izindlela zokulawula eziphumelelayo. Isimo siyinkimbinkimbi nakakhulu ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwangu-60 ezinhlanzi ezinamanzi aseJapane kulinganiselwa ukuthi aphansi, okuqokomisa ukuncipha okukhulu kwemithombo yasolwandle eyake yabonakala ingenakuphela.
Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuye kwavela njengesici esibalulekile esithinta izinhlanzi zaseJapane. I-Japan Fisheries Agency yaqala ukumemezela ukuhlobana okuqondile phakathi kwezinhlanzi ezinciphayo nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ku-2018 Fisheries White Paper, iqaphela ukuthi ukunyuka kwamazinga okushisa olwandle kwakuthinta imvelo yasolwandle nezindawo zokudoba, okuholela ekuncipheni kwezinhlobo ezithile zezinhlanzi. Amazinga okushisa olwandle kanye nokushintsha kwemisinga olwandle kushintsha isimo sezinhlanzi nenkumba, kanye nokuqhuma kwe-Pacific saubery, isquid, ne-scieant eJapane, kanye nezinhlanzi ezindizayo ezihlala emanzini ehlayo, kuncipha kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva.
Izinhloso zeMaFF eziqinile zabadobi
Indlela ka-MAFF yokuphatha izinhlanzi ezilondolozwayo yakhiwe ngezinhloso ezimbalwa eziyisisekelo zokuthuthukisa nokusetshenziswa kwenqubo. Lemigomo ibonisa kokubili izinto eziza kuqala ekhaya kanye nezibopho zezwe lonke ze-Japane ekulondolozweni kwemithombo yamanzi.
Ukuqinisa Imithombo Yengcebo Yebanga Elide
Isikhundla esiyisisekelo seJapane ekudobeni izinhlanzi ukuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa okuqinile kwemithombo yezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini, engenye ye-SDGs futhi esetshenziswa yileyo eJapane. Lokhu kubopheka kwakha isisekelo sesimiso sesimiso senqubo ye-MAFF, siqaphela ukuthi ikusasa lemboni yokudoba yaseJapane lixhomeke ekulondolozeni inani lezinhlanzi ezinempilo ezingase zivuselelwe ngokwemvelo. Inkonzo iye yasuka kuleyo eveza imikhiqizo eqondene ngcono kakhulu kuleyo ehlela phambili ekuhleleni isayensi yemvelo yasemanzini.
Ukugcizelela ukulondolozwa kwezinhlanzi kusho ushintsho oluyisisekelo endleleni iJapane engenela ngayo inqubo yokudoba. Kunokuba ithathe izinhlanzi ezidotshwayo isikhathi esifushane, izimiso zika-MAFF manje zigxile ekulondolozeni izinhlanzi emazingeni angasekela kokubili izidingo zamanje nezizukulwane ezizayo. Lendlela iyavuma ukuthi izinhlanzi ezihlalayo azinciphisi indawo ezungezile kuphela kodwa futhi zilimaza nesisekelo sezomnotho semiphakathi yokudoba enqamula iJapane.
Ukuvimbela Ukudoba Ngokweqile Nemisebenzi Engekho emthethweni
Ukulwisana nokudoba ngokweqile nokudoba okungekho emthethweni, okungabikwanga, nokungalawulwa (IUU) kuyinto eyinhloko ku-MAFF. IJapane muva nje isebenzise izimiso ezimbili ezintsha zokudoba ukuze kuqhubeke izinhlanzi: iReformed Fisheries Policy (RFP), nenkambiso yokunciphisa ukudoba okungekho emthethweni, okungabikwanga, nokungalawulwa (IUUU). Lemiyalo imelela izinyathelo ezibalulekile zokusingatha izindaba zezimiso eziye zabangela ukuncitshiswa kwemali.
Inselele yokudoba ngokweqile idlulela ngalé kwamanzi ezwe laseJapane. Ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yomhlaba wonke manje idoba igcwele kakhulu – isuka ku 10% ngo 1975 kuya ku-60% iyaxhashazwa ngokugcwele, kuyilapho emhlabeni wonke, ukudoba okungekho emthethweni nokungabikwanga nakho kuye kwaba yinkinga enkulu. Ngakho - ke izinqubo ze-MAFF kumelwe zikhulume kokubili ukudoba kwasekhaya kanye nokubambisana kwezizwe zonke ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba abaphathi bempahla abasebenzayo ezifundeni zokudoba.
Ukuthuthukisa Imikhuba Yokudoba Enomthwalo Wemfanelo
I-MAFF isebenzela ukuthuthukisa imikhuba yokudoba ewusizo phakathi kwabo bonke abadobi abasebenza ezimbonini, kusukela kwabadobi ngabanye kuya kwabahwebi abakhulu. Lokhu akuhlanganisi nje izinyathelo zokuqondisa kuphela kodwa futhi nemfundo, ukusekela kwezobuchwepheshe, nezinhlelo ezikhuthaza izindlela ezisekelayo. Inkonzo iyaqaphela ukuthi ukufinyelela ukusekelwa kudinga ukuhlanganyela okunentshiseko futhi kuthenge labo abasebenza ngokuqondile embonini yokudoba.
Izindlela zokudoba eziwusizo zihlanganisa izilinganiso eziningi, kuhlanganise nezindlela zokudoba ezikhethayo ezinciphisa ukubhabha, ukunamathela emingceleni evikela inkathi yokuzala kwezinkathi zonyaka, nokusetshenziswa kwegiyeri elinciphisa umonakalo wendawo ezungezile. Izimiso zikaMaFF zihlose ukwenza le mikhuba ifaneleke phakathi kwemikhumbi yempi yaseJapane ngenhlanganisela yokuzilawula, ukusekela, nokubopha izimboni.
Ukuvikela Izimiso Zemvelo Zasolwandle Nezilwane Eziphilayo
Ngaphandle kokulawula izinhlanzi, izimiso ze-MAFF zikhuluma ngempilo ebanzi yezemvelo zasolwandle. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuvikela izindawo ezibucayi njengezilwane zasolwandle nemibhede yasolwandle, ezidlala indima ebalulekile ezintweni eziphilayo zasolwandle kanye nokuhamba nge-carbon sescroad. Iqembu lokucwaninga elihlangene eliholwa yi-Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency lasungula indlela yokubala izinga lokugcinwa kolwandle nasemibhedeni yolwandle, ngokuhlola kahle lezinzuzo ezilindeleke ekuthuthukiseni imizamo yokulondoloza imvelo.
Ngokubambisana phakathi kwezinhlangano zikahulumeni ezihlangene, ukumunca kwe-CO2 utshani nokhula lwasolwandle emanzini asogwini lwaseJapane kwalinganiselwa futhi kwabikelwa eNhlanganweni yeZizwe Ezihlangene cishe amathani angu-350 000 ngoApril 2024. Lokhu kuqashelwa kwezinkonzo eziningi zemvelo ezinikezwa yizindawo zasemanzini ze-masc kuveza indlela ka-MAFF yokuphatha izinhlanzi ezidlula amanani ezinhlanzi kuphela.
Imisebenzi Yesakhelo Nezimiso Ezifanele
I-MAFF isungule izimiso ezibanzi zokuqondisa ukuze kufezeke izinjongo zayo eziqinile. Lezi zici zihlanganisa ukuhlaziya kwesayensi, ukuphatha amaqoqo, isivikelo, kanye nokuphoqelelwa kwezimiso zomthetho ukuze kuhlanganiswe indlela yokulawula izinhlanzi.
Imithombo Yemali Esekelwe Esayensini Nemingcele Yezinto Ezingekho
Kusekelwe kuyi-New Roadmap for Proventing Resource Management eyamiswa ngo-March 2024, izinyathelo zigxile ekuthuthukiseni ukuhlola amasheya nokuqinisa izisekelo zemithombo yezincwadi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunemba, uma kucatshangelwa imiphumela yezinguquko endaweni yasolwandle ezindaweni ezizungezile zezinhlanzi, kanye nemizamo yokuqoqa ukwaziswa kwezinto eziphilayo eziyinhloko. Lesi sisekelo sesayensi sibalulekile ekubekeni imingcele efanelekile evumela izinhlanzi ukuba zibuye zikwazi ukuphinde zikwazi ukufinyelela futhi zilondoloze amazinga aqinile.
Ukusetshenziswa kwemingcele yezinhlanzi kumelela ukushintshwa okukhulu endleleni yeJapane yokuphatha izinhlanzi. Ngokomlando, kunezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezibambeka eJapane ezingaba ngu 400, kodwa kulezo, ezicishe zibe ngu-50 kuphela eziye zahlolwa ngokwesilinganiso sezwe, ezinezilinganiso zezindawo ezibambelwa izinhlobo eziyisikhombisa kuphela, kuhlanganise nesardine kanye ne-mackerel. I-MAFF isebenzela ukwandisa kokubili ukuhlolwa kwe-stock kanye nohlelo lokulawula isilinganiso sezinhlobo zezinhlobo zezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo.
Ukuhlolwa kwesayensi kuveza amandla emvelo yasolwandle, ikakhulukazi uma kunesimo sezulu esishintshayo. Izindlela zokuhlola i-Stock zithuthukiswa ukuze zihlanganise izinga lokushisa lamanzi, imikhumbi yasolwandle, nokusebenzelana kwezinto eziphilayo okuthinta inani lezinhlanzi. Lokhu kulungisa indlela yokulawula izinhlanzi.
Izindawo Ezivikelwe Imikhumbi Nezindawo Zokulondoloza Imvelo
Izindawo ezivikelwe olwandle (MPAS) ziyingxenye ebalulekile yecebo lokuzilondoloza. Lezi zindawo ezivikelwe zifeza izinjongo eziningi: ukunikeza izindawo ezilondekile lapho izinhlanzi zingazala futhi zikhule khona ngaphandle komfutho wokudoba, ukulondoloza izindawo eziyingozi njengezixhobo zamakhorali namagxamesi asolwandle, nokugcina amachashaza ashisayo asekela impilo yemvelo yonke.
I-MPAs isebenza njengezimiso zomshuwalense kubantu abadoba izinhlanzi, idala iziphephelo lapho amasheya engakhiwa khona ngisho nalapho izinhlanzi ziqhubeka ezindaweni ezizungezile. Ukufakwa kwalezi zindawo ezivikelekile kudinga ukuqalwa kwezindawo, izindawo zokunakekela izitshalo, nezindawo zokuthutha ezibalulekile ukuze kulondolozwe inani lezinhlanzi ezinempilo. I-MAFF isebenza emiphakathini yokudoba yasendaweni kanye nabanye abadobi abakha i-MPA ukuze ithole futhi isungule ama-MPA alingana nezidingo zezezemboni zokudoba.
Ngaphandle kwe-MPAs engokwesiko, i-MAFF isekela izinyathelo ezithuthukisa izindawo zasolwandle. Ukudoba ngamatheku okuthatha izinhlanzi zihlanganisa ukudoba amatheku ezinhlanzi, amatheku okudoba akhula ama-alga, nezinye izikhumulo zemikhumbi zokudoba ezikhulayo olwandle, ama-alone, njll. Lemizamo yokuvuselela nokuthuthukisa imvelo yasolwandle iphelelisa izinyathelo zokuvikela ngaphandle kokuzilungisa.
Ukuphoqelelwa Nokusetshenziswa Kwemishini
Ukuqashelwa kwemithetho okuphumelelayo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi imithetho ishintshela emiphumeleni engokoqobo yokulondolozwa kwezwe. I-MAFF iye yasebenzisa izijeziso eziqinile zemisebenzi yokudoba engekho emthethweni, iqaphela ukuthi ukunqanda izikhali kudinga imiphumela enengqondo uma kwephulwa. Imizamo yokuphoqelelwa ihlanganisa ukugada, ukuhlola, nokumangalelwa ukuze kugcinwe kuhambisana nemithetho yokudoba.
Inselele yokugcinwa kwamandla empi ihlanganisa amanzi asemhlabeni wonke nemikhumbi yakwamanye amazwe esebenza eduze kwezwe elizimele leJapane. IJapane ithatha isinyathelo sokuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa okungaguquguquki, isebenza namanye amazwe ahlobene ekwakheni izakhiwo njengezinhlangano zokuphatha izinhlanzi zesifunda (RFMOs) kanye nezihlangene ezihlangene emhlabeni wonke. Lokhu kubambisana okubalulekile ekuxhumaneni nezinhlanzi ezidayiswa kwamanye amazwe futhi kuvimbele ukudoba okungekho emthethweni okululaza imizamo yokulondoloza izinhlanzi.
Izindlela zokuhlanganisa zihlanganisa nezisusa ezikhuthazayo zezindlela eziqinile. I-MAFF inikeza ukusekela nokuqaphela abadobi abamukela izindlela zobungane zokulondoloza imvelo, idala izisusa zezomnotho ezihambisana nemigomo eqinile. Lendlela yokusebenzisa i-carrot-palt ifuna ukwakha isiko lokulalela kunokuthembela kuphela ezinyathelweni zokujezisa.
Ubuchwepheshe Nokushintsha Kwezokudoba
UMEFF uyaqaphela ukuthi ukufinyelela ukuphathwa kwezinhlanzi okungalondolozwa ekhulwini lama - 21 kudinga ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe nezindlela ezintsha. Lenkonzo iye yasebenzisa amakhambi amaningi obuchwepheshe athuthukisa ukugadwa, ukuthuthukiswa kokwaziswa, nokusekela imikhuba yokudoba ephumelela nengalondolozwayo.
Ukuhlola Nokuhlola Izimiso Zokuhlola Iziphuphutheki
Izimiso zokuhlola ezisekelwe esiphuphuthekini ziye zaguqula indlela yokuphatha izinhlanzi ngokunikeza ukwaziswa kwangempela mayelana nezindawo zemikhumbi, imisebenzi yokudoba, nezimo zolwandle. Lezi zimiso zisiza i-MAFF ukuba ilandele imizamo yokudoba, iqinisekise ukuvumelana nezimiso, futhi ibone imisebenzi yokudoba engekho emthethweni. Ukubonakala okunikezwa yisiphuphutheki kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukudoba kwenzeka phakathi kwezindawo ezimisiwe futhi kufinyelele imingcele.
Ngaphandle kokusebenza kwemithetho, ubuchwepheshe beziphuphutheki busekela ukucwaninga kwezesayensi kanye nokulawula ukuma kwezindawo. Ukwaziswa okukude kunikeza ukwaziswa ngamazinga okushisa olwandle, i-chlorophyll nezinye izinhlobonhlobo zendawo ezungezile ezithinta ukusakazwa kwezinhlanzi. Lokhu kwaziswa kuyasiza ekubikezeleni ukuthi izinhlanzi zingatholakalaphi, kuvumela ukuba ukudoba okuphumelelayo okunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha kanye nokulimala kwendawo ezungezile kuyilapho kuthuthukisa amazinga okubamba izinhlanzi.
Iqoqo Lokwaziswa Nezimiso Zokwaziswa
Iqoqo lokwaziswa eliqoqiwe lakha isisekelo sokuphatha izinhlanzi ngokuphumelelayo. I-MAFF isungule izimiso zokuqoqa ukwaziswa mayelana nokudoba, umzamo wokudoba, amanani entengo, nezindawo zendawo ezungezile. Lo kwaziswa kwazisa izinqumo zesilinganiso, ukuhlola amasheya, kanye nokulungisa isimiso, okwenza ukuba ukuphathwa kobufakazi okuvumelana nezimo ezishintshayo.
Izimiso zemininingwane zanamuhla zihlanganisa ukwaziswa okuvela emithonjeni eminingi, kuhlanganise nezimiso zokuhlola amatheku, ukuhlola amatheku, ukuhwebelana, kanye nokuhlolwa kwezesayensi. Lendlela yokuhlanganisa inikeza umfanekiso ophelele wemishini yokudoba kunanoma yimuphi umthombo wokwaziswa. Ama-alytictic namasu okwenza amasampula asiza ekutholeni ukuqonda okuvela kule mininingwane, kusekela ukubikezela okunembe kakhudlwana nezinqumo ezisulelwe kangcono.
Ukusetshenziswa kwemitapo yezindawo zokudoba kuthuthukisa futhi ukubonakala nokulandelelana kwezindawo ezitholakalayo ezilwandle. Abathengi namabhizinisi bafuna kakhulu ukwaziswa mayelana nokuthi izinhlanzi zabanjwaphi nokuthi zibanjwa kanjani, futhi izimiso zemininingwane eziqinile zenza lokhu kulandelela. Lokhu kusekela izisusa ezisekelwe emakethe ukuze zilondolozwe, njengoba abathengi bengakhetha imikhiqizo ezidobeni ezidotshwayo.
Ukudoba Izinhlanzi Nezindlela Zokudoba
I-MAFF ikhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yokudoba nezindlela ezinciphisa imiphumela yendawo ezungezile kuyilapho kugcinwa inzuzo engokomnotho. Lokhu kuhlanganisa amagiya okudoba akhethayo anciphisa ukuhlatshwa kwezinhlobo ezingachaziwe, ukulungisa okunciphisa umonakalo wolwandle, kanye nezinqubo ezithuthukisa izinga lezinhlanzi ezibanjwayo kuyilapho kuncishiswa imfucumfucu.
Ukuthola amagiya okudoba amakheli amaningi okuzinzisa izinselele. Ngokwesibonelo, izimfudu ezingawafaki amathuluzi okuzigcina kanye nezindawo zokubalekela izinhlanzi zivumela izinhlobo ezingachaziwe ukuba ziphume kumanetha, zincishiswe ngokufa. Imiklamo elungisiwe yokudoba nezinhlobo zodwebo zinganciphisa ukubanjwa kwezinyoni zase lwandle kanye noshaka. La makhambi obuchwepheshe abonisa ukuthi ukuvikelwa kwendawo ezungezile nokudotshwa kwezinhlanzi kungafanelana uma amathuluzi afanelekile ekhona futhi esetshenziswa.
I-MAFF inikeza usizo lobuchwepheshe kanye nokusekela okungokwezimali ukusiza abadobi ukuba bashintshele emishinini nasendleleni ezinziwayo. Lokhu kusekela kuqaphela ukuthi izindleko zangaphambili zingaba isithiyo sokutholwa, ngisho noma ubuchwepheshe obusha bunikeza izinzuzo ezithatha isikhathi eside. Ngokunciphisa lemingcele, i-MAFF isheshisa intuthuko ethuthukisa ukugcinwa kwemikhumbi yokudoba.
Ukukhula Kwezitshalo Zasemanzini Nokukhiqizwa Okunenzuzo
Njengoba izinhlanzi zasendle zibhekene nomfutho, ukufuya izinhlanzi kuye kwaqala ukubaluleke kakhulu ekuhlangabezaneni nesidingo sazo kuyilapho kunciphisa umfutho wabantu abangokwemvelo.
Ukwanda Kwezitshalo Zasolwandle
IJapane inomlando omude wezokulima, futhi ingxenye iyaqhubeka ikhula. IJapane ingelinye lamazwe aphambili ezwe okufuywa kuwo izinhlanzi, nemboni yokulima ikhiqiza imikhiqizo yasolwandle eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-409. Ngo-2009. I-MAFF isekela ukwanda kwezilwane zezilwane eziphila ngezilwane ezihlanganisa i-tylay Metal, i-lmon, i-sea bream, nembaza ehlukahlukene.
Intuthuko yezolimo ze-aquaa kumele ilinganisele imigomo yokukhiqizwa nokulondolozwa kwendawo ezungezile. Izimiso zikaMaFF zikhuluma ngezinkinga zamanzi, ukulawulwa kwezifo, ukondliwa kokudla, kanye nemiphumela yezakhi zofuzo yokulima izinhlanzi eziphunyukile kubantu basendle. Ngokukhuthaza imikhuba emihle kakhulu nokusekela ukucwaninga izindlela zokukhiqiza eziqinile, inkonzo isebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isayensi yokusebenza isekela ekulondekeni kokudla ngaphandle kokwenza izinkinga ezintsha zendawo ezungezile.
Ukufuya I - aqua Enesimo Sezulu
Ezilwaneni zasolwandle, imizamo igxile ekuthuthukiseni izinhlobo zezilwane ezifuywayo ezibekezelela kakhulu amazinga okushisa aphakeme amanzi futhi isebenzise izinyathelo eziphumelelayo zokuvimbela ukusungulwa kwezinhlobo zolwandle olunomsila, kuhlanganise nokuthuthukisa ukukhula kwezinhlobo ze - nori ne - noriss ngokubekezelela amazinga okushisa aphakeme.
Ukucwaninga ngezinhlobo zesimo sezulu ezisiza ekukhiqizeni kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-quaara scerective ingaqhubeka inezela ekulondekeni kokudla ngisho nanjengoba izimo zendawo ezungezile zishintsha. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusungula izinhlobo zezinhlobo ezishiswayo ezishiswayo, ukuhlola izinhlobo ezintsha ezingase zichume emanzini afudumele, kanye nokulungisa izimiso zokukhiqiza ukuze zibhekane nezimo ezishintshayo.
Ukondliwa Okunomsoco Nokusetshenziswa Kwamanothi
Enye yezinselele eziyinhloko ekulondolozeni izitshalo ukuthembela enhlanzini ebambekayo yasendle ukuze idle. Izinhlobo eziningi ezifuywe zidinga ukudla okucebile okuthathwe enhlanzini encane yepelagic, okwenza isimo lapho i-quarac ingenza khona ukuba idoba lithathe kakhulu. I-MAFF isekela ukucwaninga kwezinye imithombo yokudla, kuhlanganise namaprotheni asekelwe ezitshalweni, ukudla kwezinambuzane, namaprotheni amangqamuzana anciphisa ukuthembela emaqeleni ezinhlanzi zasendleni.
Ukuthuthukisa impumelelo yokuguqula inqubo kunciphisa ukuhlelwa kwendawo ezungezile kwenqubo yokufuya nokudla. Ukudla okungcono kusho ukuthi kudingeka ukudla okuncane ukuze kukhiqizwe ikhilogram ngalinye lezinhlanzi ezifuywayo, kunciphe kokubili izindleko kanye nemiphumela yendawo ezungezile. Lentuthuko ephambili yenza ukufuya izitshalo kuhlale kuqinile futhi kunciphe ngokwezimali.
Ukubambisana Kwezizwe Zonke Nokuphathwa Kwesifunda
Amasheya amaningi ezinhlanzi athutha enqamula imingcele yezwe noma ahlala emanzini emhlabeni wonke, okwenza ukubambisana kwezizwe zonke kube okubalulekile ukuze kuqondiswe izinhlanzi ngokuphumelelayo.
Izinhlangano Zokuphatha Abadobi Zesifunda
IJapane ihlanganyela ezinhlanganweni eziningi zokuphatha izinhlanzi ezisezindaweni eziningi (RFMOS) eziqondisa ukuphatha izinhlanzi ezidilinwe ndawonye. Ngokuqondene ne-North Pacific Fisheries Commission, ehlose ukuqinisekisa ukulondolozwa kwezindawo ezihlala isikhathi eside nokusetshenziswa okunenzuzo kwezilwandle eziphakeme zaseNyakatho Pacific Ocean, umhlangano wayo waminyaka yonke owaba ngoMarch 2023 wavuma ukumisa i-TAC ye-saury ezilwandle eziphakeme ngamathani angu-2023 nangu-2024.
Lezivumelwano zomhlaba wonke zibalulekile ekulawuleni izinhlobo zokufuduka njenge-tuna, isaury, nesalmon ezithutha phakathi kwamanzi ahlukene namanzi aphakeme. I-MAFF isebenza phakathi kwalezi zisekelo ukuze isekele ukulawulwa kwesayensi kuyilapho ilinganisela izithakazelo zokudoba zaseJapane nezidingo zokulondoloza imvelo. Ukuphumelela kwalezi zinhlangano kuxhomeke kuwo wonke amazwe angamalungu asebenzisa futhi agunyaze izinyathelo ezivumelanayo.
Ukulwa Nokudoba I - IUU Embulungeni Yonke
Ukudoba okungekho emthethweni, okungabikwa, nokungalawulwa kululaza imizamo yokulondoloza imvelo futhi kubangele ukuncintisana okungalungile ngabadobi abasemthethweni. I-MAFF iye yasebenzisa izimiso zokuvimbela i-UU izinhlanzi ukuba zingangeni ezimakethe zaseJapane futhi isebenzela emhlabeni wonke ukulwa nemisebenzi yokudoba engekho emthethweni. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izinyathelo zikahulumeni ezihlola imikhumbi yakwamanye amazwe, izimfuneko zokuhwebelana ezithatha izinhlanzi zisuka emakethengini, futhi zisebenzisane namanye amazwe ukuze zibone futhi zigunyaze abasebenzi be-IUUUU.
Ukudoba kwasolwandle okusemhlabeni wonke kusho ukuthi i-IUU esendaweni eyodwa ingathinta izimakethe emhlabeni wonke. Ngokusebenzisa umthetho oqinile olawula izinto ezithengiswe kwamanye amazwe, i-MAFF isiza ekunciphiseni inzuzo yokudoba okungekho emthethweni futhi isekele imisebenzi esemthethweni, esekelayo. Nokho, izinkampani ezingenisa izinhlanzi zasolwandle zazingaqondakali ukuthi zingayisebenzisa kanjani inqubo entsha yokulwa ne-Anti-IUUU emikhakheni yazo yosuku lonke, ikhuthaze isidingo sokuqondisa nokusekela okucacile kwezenzwe ngemboni.
Izivumelwano Zokubambisa Ngezigodlo
Ngaphezu kwezinhlangano eziningi, iJapane ilondoloza izivumelwano zezokudoba ezihlangene namazwe angomakhelwane. Le zivumelwano zahlanganisa amasheya, ukudoba, nokuvikela izinhlanzi ngezindlela ezibonisa izimo eziqondile zobuhlobo obubodwa. Ukubambisana kweBipateral ngezinye izikhathi kungaba okuvumelanayo nokusabela kakhulu kunezici ezinkulu ze-sethi ye-cometics, ivumela amakhambi afanelani nezinselele ezithile zokuphatha.
Lezi zivumelwano zinikeza nezinqubo zokuxazulula izingxabano nokuhlela imizamo yokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwamaphoyisa. Uma imikhumbi yokudoba evela kwelinye izwe isebenza emanzini elinye, izivumelwano ezicacile ngokuphathelene namalungelo okungena, imingcele, nokuhlola izimfuneko zisiza ekuvimbeleni izingxabano futhi ziqinisekise ukulawulwa okungaguquguquki.
Ukusekela Kwezomnotho Nokushintsha Kwezemboni
Ukushintshela ekuqondiseni izinhlanzi ezihlala njalo kudinga ukusekelwa kwezomnotho emiphakathini yokudoba nasemabhizinisini.
Ukusekela Izimali Phakathi Nokushintsha Kwengxenye
Ukusebenzisa imingcele yokuthola uphethiloli nezinye izinyathelo zokulondolozwa kwezilwane kunganciphisa iholo elithatha isikhathi esifushane kubadobi, ngisho noma lezi zinyathelo zidingeka ukuze kugcinwe isikhathi eside. I-MAFF inikeza ukusekela ngokwezimali ukuze kusizwe ukudoba ukuba kusingathwa lenkathi yokushintsha. Izilinganiso ziye zathathwa ekunqandeni intengo kawoyela ekhuphukayo ngokunyusa imali egciniwe ye-Fishey Management Net Builting Project kanye nabadobi abaholi ekusunguleni kwabo imishini yokukhipha amandla.
Lokhu kusekela kuqaphela ukuthi ukucela abadobi ukuba bathwale izindleko ezigcwele zezindlela zokulondoloza imvelo akulungile futhi akunakwenzeka ngokwezombangazwe. Ngokunikeza usizo olushintshile, i-MAFF isiza ekulondolozeni isizinda sezenhlalo nezomnotho sezindawo zokudoba kuyilapho kusetshenziswa izinguquko ezidingekile. Umgomo ukufinyelela izinga elisha lapho inqubo yokudoba esekela khona inzuzo, isekela amabhizinisi okudoba anamandla.
Ukwenezelwa Kokubaluleka Nokuthuthukiswa Kwentengiselwano
Kunokuba incintisane ngobukhulu, i-MAFF ikhuthaza imboni yokudoba ukuba igxile emalini nasenanini eliphansi. Uma izinhlanzi zisezingeni elilinganiselwe futhi zikhuphuka, kubaluleke ukuvikela imikhondo yokudayisa evumela ukuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo enenani eliphakeme egcizelela ukuvuthwa nokulingana kwenani. Lokhu kushintsha kusuka ekutheni zingaba zinkulu kungalondoloza noma kwandise inzuzo ngisho nangemiqulu ephansi.
Ukubaluleka kwenani kuhlanganisa ukuphatha nokulungisa okuthuthukisiwe, ukushintshwa nokuqinisekiswa kwemikhiqizo elondolozwayo, ukuthengiselwa ngokuqondile kubathengi, nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Esimweni lapho ukudliwa kwezinhlanzi nezimbaza kusekudlekeni okunciphayo eJapane, kubalulekile ukusungula izindlela zokusiza ekusebenziseni ukudliwa kwezinhlanzi nemikhiqizo yokudoba ngokuthuthukisa ukukhanga kwezinhlanzi nemikhiqizo etholakala ngenkathi ethile.
Ukusekela Intuthuko Yezisebenzi
Imboni yokudoba yaseJapane ibhekene nenhlekelele yamanani abantu, enabantu abangu - 150 000 abasebenza embonini yokudoba eJapane, abaningi babo abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 futhi abangenawo abalandelayo, njengoba inani lehla ngenani labangu - 10 000 ngonyaka. I-MAFF iye yasungula izinhlelo zokudonsela intsha embonini yokudoba futhi isekele ukungenela kwayo lomsebenzi.
Lezi zinyathelo zokuthuthukisa izisebenzi zihlanganisa izinhlelo zokuqeqesha, amathuba obuchwepheshe, usizo lwezimali kubantu abasanda kusebenza, nemizamo yokuthuthukisa izimo zokusebenza nemali emilenze. Injongo iwukwenza indawo lapho intsha ingangena khona embonini ngethemba ngokuthuthukisa izimo zokusebenza, ukuzuza okungokwenzuzo, kanye nezimiso ezandisa ukusekela umsebenzi. Ukwenza ukudoba idoba okungcono nokukhangayo kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi iJapane inemithombo yabantu edingekayo ukuze ikwazi ukulawula izinhlanzi zayo.
Isinyathelo Sokuqala Se - UMIGO: Sokwenza Izindawo Ezidobayo Zivuselelwe
I - UMIGYO iye yaqalisa isinyathelo sokuthuthukisa imiphakathi yokudoba ngokusebenzisa imithombo yasolwandle nezindawo ezisogwini. Izindlela zokuhamba ze - UMIGYO zisebenzisa ukubaluleka nokukhanga kwemiphakathi yasolwandle neyokudoba futhi kulindeleke ukuba zibe nengxenye ekuthuthukisweni okuqhubekayo kwemboni yokudoba.
I-Fisheries Agency yacela izigodi ukuba zibe nengxenye ku-"Izigodi Zokusekela Ukukhuthaza UMIGYO" futhi yanquma izifunda ezingu-55 ngoMatshi 2024, i-Fisheries Agency yeluleka ngazinye lezozifunda, inikeza ukwaziswa ngokukhushulelwa kwe-UMIGYO. Lesi sinyathelo siqaphela ukuthi ukuphatha izinhlanzi okungagcinwanga kumelwe kukhulume nje kuphela ngezimo zemvelo nezezomnotho kodwa futhi nezici zezenhlalo zezindawo zokudoba.
I-UMIGYO ihlanganisa imisebenzi ehlukahlukene ehlanganisa ukuvakasha kwasolwandle, ukudoba, ukufundiswa indawo ezungezile, nokulondolozwa kwempucuko. Ngokuhlanganisa isisekelo sezomnotho sezindawo zokudoba ngaphandle kokudoba kuphela, ukuthatha isinyathelo kusiza ukuba kuvuselelwe futhi kwakhe amathuba amasha ezakhamuzi ezingasogwini. Lendlela yokudoba iyavuma ukuthi ikusasa lezindawo zokudoba lixhomeke emithonjeni eminingi yenani lemithombo yasolwandle nendawo ezungezile.
Izinselele Nezithiyo Eziqeda Izinkinga
Naphezu kwesimiso se-maFF esibanzi, izinselele ezinkulu zisalokhu zikhona ekusebenziseni ukuphathwa kwezinhlanzi eJapane jikelele. Ukuqonda le migoqo kubalulekile ekutholeni amakhambi aphumelelayo.
Ukumelana Nezimboni Nezinkathazo Eziyingozi
Nakuba izimiso ezintsha zaholela izinkampani ukuba zishintshe eminye yemisebenzi yazo yokusebenza nokusekela inkampani, yayibhekwa ngokungafanele, izinkampani zokudoba intuna zihlanganyela ukukhathazeka ngezindawo ezilinganayo ze-RFP, isilinganiso esikholelwa ukuthi singanciphisa inzuzo yabadobi, inzuzo yenkampani, futhi sivimbele intsha ukuba ingangeni ezimbonini. Lokhu kumelana kuveza ukukhathazeka okungokomthetho ngemiphumela yezomnotho yezinga lokulondolozwa kwemvelo, ikakhulukazi esikhathini esifushane.
Ukunqoba lokhu kwenqaba kudinga ukubonisa ukuthi abaphathi abaqinile bangasekela amabhizinisi okudoba angenisa inzuzo esikhathini eside. Ukucwaninga okwanyatheliswa kumagazini i-Marine Policy kuthola ukuthi ukudoba izinhlanzi zaseJapane kuphela kungaveza amadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-5,5 ngonyaka ngo-206 uma izinhlanzi zincishiswa ngesikhathi esifushane ukuze kuvunyelwe ukukhiwa kabusha kwezitokisi. Ukudlulisa lezinzuzo zesikhathi eside nokusekela phakathi nesikhathi sokushintsha kudingekile ukuze kwakhiwe imboni.
Ukuqaphela Abathengisi Ngokulinganiselwe
Ukuqapha kwabathengi ngokulondolozwa kwasolwandle kwakuphansi, futhi ukungathembisani phakathi kwabadlali abasemagumbini, abathengi, nabenzi bezimiso kusobala, okudinga ukukhulumisana okukhulu nokubambisana. Ngaphandle kokuba abathengi bafune ukudla okungalondolozwa, izisusa zokulondolozwa kwezindawo ezidayiswayo zihlala zibuthakathaka.
Abathengi baseJapane basenaso issociso se "ukudla kakhulu manje ngaphambi kokuba amanani anyuke," abantu abaningi baseJapane bekholelwa ukuthi ukwehla kwemithombo yezinhlanzi kubangelwa ukudoba ngokweqile ngemikhumbi yakwamanye amazwe nokufudumala kwembulunga yonke, nokuthi abananto yokwenza nayo. Lokhu kuhlangana phakathi kwezindlela zokusebenzisa nokulondolozwa kwezilwane kunciphisa imizamo eqinile.
Ukusingatha lenselele kudinga imikhankaso yemfundo yomphakathi, izimiso zokuphawula ngamagama asobala, nemizamo yokwakha ukuxhumana phakathi kwabathengi nemiphakathi yokudoba.
Izithiyo Zemininingwane Nokungaqiniseki Kwesayensi
Abaphathi abaphumelelayo badinga ukwaziswa okubanzi kwesayensi, kodwa sekusele amagebe okwaziswa. Kunezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezingaba ngu - 400 ezibambeke eJapane, kodwa cishe ezingu - 50 kuphela eziye zahlolwa, ezinesilinganiso sezindawo ezidotshwayo ezibekwe kuphela zezinhlobo eziyisikhombisa, kuyilapho amazwe acatshangelwa ukuthi athuthukile embonini yokudoba ahlola imithombo yemali yezinhlobo eziningi eziyinhloko zezilwane afuna ukudoba kuzo.
Ukuhlola amasheya ukuze kuhlanganiswe izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane kudinga ukuqoqwa okukhulu kokucwaninga, ukuqoqwa kokwaziswa, nobuchwepheshe besayensi. UMAFF usebenzela ukusingatha le zikhala, kodwa izinga lenselele lisho ukuthi intuthuko izothatha isikhathi. Okwamanje, izinqumo zokuphatha kumelwe zenziwe ngokwaziswa okungaphelele, okudinga izindlela zokuphepha eziphambukayo ekulondolozeni imvelo.
Ukushintsha Kwesimo Sezulu Kuyabangela
Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kunezela ubunkimbinkimbi nokungaqiniseki ekuqondiseni izinhlanzi. Ukushintsha kwezindlela zokudoba nokufuduka kwamanzi okubangelwa ukufudumala kuphazamisa imboni yokudoba, futhi ngokungafani nezindlela ezivamile ze - cycltics ezishintshashintsha phakathi kwenkathi yokubanda kanye nombuso wamanzi afudumele njalo ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi, izinhlanzi ezingaphansi zingahlala njalo.
Ukulawula indlela zomdabu ezisekelwe ezindleleni zomlando kungase kungasebenzi endaweni eshintsha ngokushesha ezungezile yolwandle. I-MAFF kumelwe ithuthukise izindlela zokulawula ezivumelanisa nokushintsha kwezinhlobo zezilwane, ukushintsha kwezimiso zendawo ezungezile, nokuguquguquka kwendawo ezungezile. Lokhu kudinga izinqubo ezivumelanayo, izimiso zokuhlola ezithuthukisiwe, nokuzimisela ukulungisa izinyathelo zokulawula lapho izimo zishintsha.
Izindaba Eziphumelelayo Nemiphumela Eqondile
Naphezu kwezinselele, izinqubo zikaMaFF ziye zaphumelela kakhulu ekuqiniseni amasheya ezinhlanzi nasekuthuthukiseni imikhuba yokuphatha. Lemiphumela emihle ibonisa ukuthi ukulawulwa kwezinhlanzi kuyakwazi ukulondolozwa uma kusetshenziswa izimiso ezifanele futhi ziphoqelelwe.
Ezinye izinhlanzi ziye zabonisa izimpawu zokubuya kokululama ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwemingcele yokugcinwa kwezindawo nezinye izinyathelo zokulondoloza imvelo. Lezi zisekelo ziqinisekisa isisekelo sesayensi sezinqumo zokulawula futhi zibonisa ukuthi inani lezinhlanzi lingaphinde liphinde liphinde livuselele lapho umfutho wezinhlanzi uncishiselwa emazingeni aqinile. Izindaba eziphumelelayo zinikeza ubufakazi obubalulekile bokuthi izinyathelo zokulondoloza imvelo ziyasebenza, zisiza ukwakha ukusekela ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo.
Ukwanda kokuhlola amasheya nokuphatha inombolo ye-odobo kuyintuthuko enkulu ekuqondiseni isayensi. Nakuba umsebenzi usele, i-tratery ilungile, futhi kunezinhlobo eziningi ezilawulwa ngokusemthethweni kanye nezinqumo ezingcono. Lokhu kuthuthukisa kwakha isisekelo sokuthuthukisa okuqhubekayo ekuqondiseni izinhlanzi.
Izinhlelo zobuchwepheshe ezixhaswe yiMAFF ziye zathuthukisa kokubili ukusebenza kahle nokusekela ukusebenza kokudoba. Izimiso zokuhlola iziphuphutheki, amagiya okudoba athuthukisiwe, kanye nezimiso zokwaziswa ezingcono ziye zenza kwaba lula ukudoba izinhlanzi zilondolozwe ngokunenzuzo. Lentuthuko yobuchwepheshe ibonisa ukuthi ukuvikela indawo ezungezile nempumelelo yezomnotho kungaqinisana kunokuba kuqinise imigomo engqubuzanayo.
Iziqondiso Nenqubo Yokuziphendukela Kwemvelo Esikhathini Esizayo
Uma sibheka phambili, i-MAFF iyaqhubeka ilungisa futhi yandisa izimiso zayo eziqinile zokudoba ngenxa yokuvela kwezinselele namathuba. Izinto eziyinhloko eziningana zizohlela indlela yesikhathi esizayo yokuphatha izinhlanzi zaseJapane.
Ukusekela Ukubambisana Komhlaba Wonke
Njengoba amasheya ezinhlanzi nemikhumbi yokudoba iyanda, ukubambisana kwezizwe zonke kuyoba okunzima nakakhulu. Inhloso yokuqinisa ukuhlangana kwayo nezinhlangano zokuphatha izinhlanzi, ukwandisa izivumelwano zezindawo, nokuthatha indima yokuhola ekuthuthukiseni izinhlanzi ezihlala zikhona embulungeni yonke. Imboni yaseJapane yasolwandle, njengomholi womhlaba, inethuba nomthwalo wemfanelo wokusebenzisa ithonya layo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlanzi ziyaphumelela.
Lendima yomholi ihlanganisa ukuhlanganyela okuhlangenwe nakho nobuchwepheshe baseJapane namanye amazwe, ukusekela ukwakhiwa kwamakhono emazweni asathuthuka, nokusekela ukuphatha okusekelwe kwisayensi emabuthweni ezwe lonke. Ngokusiza ekuthuthukiseni ukuphathwa kwezinhlanzi emhlabeni wonke, iJapane ingavikela izithakazelo zayo kuyilapho inengxenye ekusetshenzisweni okunenzuzo okukodwa kolwandle.
Ukusebenzisa Izindlela Zobuchwepheshe Ezintsha
Inqubo eqhubekayo yobuchwepheshe izosiza ekuthuthukiseni ukulawulwa kwezinhlanzi nokuphumelela.
Icebo leMidori "isiqondiso esisha sokuthola intuthuko nokulondoloza ukudla, ezolimo, indawo yokudoba amahlathi nokuzingela izinhlanzi ngokwakha izinhlanzi". Lomcimbi uqaphela ukuthi ukufinyelela imigomo elondolozwayo kuyilapho ukulondoloza inzuzo yezomnotho kuyodinga amathuluzi amasha nezinqubo.
Ukwakha Isimo Sezulu
Njengoba ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuqhubeka kuthinta imvelo yasolwandle, i - MAFF kumelwe ithuthukise izindlela zokulawula lezo zindlela ezishintshayo zokushintsha kwezindawo nokungaqiniseki okwengeziwe. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukwandisa ukuhlola izimo zolwandle, ukwakha izimboni zokuhlola amasheya ezisemoyeni, ukusekela ukujwayela kwezindawo zokudoba, nokuhlola amathuba anikezwa ngokushintsha ukusakazwa kwezilwane.
Izimo zesimo sezulu ezisedobeni zidlulela ngalé kokulawulwa kwesimiso sezinto eziphilayo, kuhlanganise nokuzivuselela kwezakhi zemvelo, inhlekelele, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezomnotho. Izindawo zokudoba kumelwe zilungiselelwe izenzakalo zezulu ezivame kakhulu, ukushintsha kwezimo zentengiselwano, nokushintsha kwezindawo ezingase zitholakale lapho kuvunwa khona izinhlobo zezilwane.
Ukuqinisa Ithonya Elisekelwe Kubathengisi
Nakuba umthetho ulokhu ubalulekile, uMaFF uqaphela ukuthi izindlela ezisekelwe emakethe zingaba negalelo lamathuluzi okulawula amasiko. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusekela izinhlelo zokudoba i-eco-ccect ekhokhela inqubo eqinile yokudoba, ukusungulwa kwezimakethe ezishiywe ngokunenzuzo, ukudala izimiso zokuthenga ngekhabhoni zokulondoloza imikhumbi, kanye nokwakha ukuqaphela ukugcinwa kwezinkinga zabathengi.
Izisusa ezisekelwe emakethe zingadala izigwegwe ezinikeza impendulo lapho ukulondolozwa kuzuzisa khona, zikhuthaza ukwamukela ngokuzithandela imikhuba yokulondoloza imvelo ngaphezu kwezimfuneko ezilinganiselwe. Ngokuhlela izisusa zezomnotho nemigomo yokulondoloza, lezi zinqubo zingasheshisa intuthuko ekulondolozekeni.
Ukwandisa ukuphathwa kwesimiso sokusebenza sekhompuyutha
Ukudlulela ngalé kokuphathwa kwezindlela ezisekelwe kwisayensi yezinto eziphilayo nendawo yazo ezungezile kumele ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okubalulekile esimisweni sokudoba. Lo mbono we-holic ucabangela ukusebenzelana kwezinhlobo zezilwane, imfuno yendawo ezungezile, kanye nezinto eziphila kuyo. I-MAFF isebenzela ukuhlanganisa imvelo nokuhlela izinqumo zokuphatha, iqaphela ukuthi impilo yezinhlanzi ixhomeke empilweni yazo zonke izidalwa zasemanzini.
Ukuphathwa kwesimiso sokwakheka kwe-ecosystem kudinga ukuqonda ukuhlobana okuyinkimbinkimbi kwesayensi yezinto eziphilayo nendawo yokuhlala kanye kanye. Nakuba kuyinselele kakhulu kunezindlela ezivamile ezisondelayo, lo mbono obanzi unikeza amathemba angcono okulondolozwa isikhathi eside ngokubheka izimbangela eziyisisekelo zokuwohloka kwemvelo kunokubhekana nezimpawu nje.
Indlela Engaphambili: Ukulinganisela Isiko Nokuzivuselela
Ifa lokudoba laseJapane lithatha amakhulu eminyaka, futhi linenani elijulile lamasiko nokubaluleka kwezomnotho emiphakathini esogwini kulo lonke iqoqo leziqhingi. Inselele ka-MAFF iwukulondoloza lelifa ngesikhathi ukuvumelanisa namaqiniso angamashumi amabili nanhlanu ezinhlanzi ezinciphileyo, ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, nokuhlangana kwezindawo zokuthengisa embulungeni yonke.
Kuyodingeka ulinganisele izinjongo eziningi: ukugcina ukudoba njengendlela yokuphila esebenzayo, ukuqinisekisa ukulondeka kokudla ngokutholakala ezilwaneni zasolwandle, ukugcina imvelo yezizukulwane ezizayo, nokuhlonipha amasiko avamile ahlobene nokudoba.
Ushintsho lokulawula izinhlanzi ezihlala zikhona luyinselele yezenhlalo nezombangazwe njengeyobuchwepheshe. Ulwazi lwesayensi ngenani lezinhlanzi nendawo eziphila kuyo ludingeka kodwa alunele. Izikhulu zepolitiki kumelwe zisetshenziswe ngezinhlangano, zamukelwe yizisebenzi ezikhokhayo, futhi zisekelwe umphakathi. Ukwakha lesi sisekelo somphakathi sokuzinzisa izinhlanzi kudinga ukuxoxa okuqhubekayo, ukuba sobala, nokuzimisela ukusingatha izindleko ezingokomthetho ngemiphumela yezomnotho nokulunga.
Isimiso sezimiso ze-MaFF sinikeza amathuluzi adingekayo ekuqondiseni izinhlanzi ezilondolozwayo. Inselele manje iwukufezeka (-) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimiso ziguqula ushintsho lwangempela emikhubeni yokudoba, ukuthi imithetho iphoqelelwa ngokungaguquguquki, ukuthi iseluleko sesayensi siyazisa izinqumo, nokuthi bonke ababambi bemathiriyeli basebenzelane ngemigomo.
Isiphetho: Ukuvikela ikusasa leJapane lokudoba
I-Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries isungule indlela eyinkimbinkimbi nebanzi yokulawula izinhlanzi ezikwaziyo ukusekela izinselele eziningi zale nkinga eyinkimbinkimbi. Ngokuhlola izibalo zamasheya, ukuphatha amaqoqo, izindawo ezivikelwe ngezobuchwepheshe, ukubambisana kwezizwe ngezizwe, nokusekela kwezomnotho emiphakathini yokudoba, i-MAFF isebenzela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlanzi zaseJapane zingaqhubeka zinikeza ukudla, ukuphila, kanye nenzuzo yezesayensi yezizukulwane ezizayo.
Izinselele zinkulu. Izindawo ezidalwe izinhlanzi, ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, izisebenzi ezigugile, nokumelana nokushintsha konke kubangela izithiyo ezinkulu. Nokho, uhlelo lwenqubo lukhona, futhi kunezimpawu ezikhuthazayo zentuthuko. Ezinye izinhlanzi ziyathuthuka, izimiso zokuphatha ziyathuthuka, futhi izinkinga ezisekelayo ziyakhula.
Impumelelo enkulu yezimiso ze-MAFF izoxhomeka ekuzibopheni okuqinile kubo bonke abakhokhisi bemali, izinhlangano zikahulumeni, imboni yokudoba, ososayensi, abathengi, nomphakathi womphakathi. Ukuphatha izinhlanzi okunempumelelo akuyona indawo okufikelwa kuyo kodwa inqubo eqhubekayo yokufunda, ukujwayela, nokuthuthukisa. Njengoba izimo zolwandle zishintsha nezinselele ezintsha zivela, izinqubo kumelwe ziphendule ngokusabela.
Isayensi yaseJapane yokuphatha izinhlanzi inikeza izifundo kwamanye amazwe abhekene nezinselele ezifanayo. Ukubaluleka kokwenza izinqumo ezisekelwe kwisayensi, isidingo sabafaki besivumelwano, ukubaluleka kokubambisana kwezizwe zonke, kanye nokusungula izinto zezobuchwepheshe kubaluleke kakhulu nangaphandle kwamanzi aseJapane.
Ngokuqhubeka ecwengisisa futhi esebenzisa izimiso zakhe eziqinile zokudoba, uMaFF usebenzela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ifa elicebile lokudoba laseJapane liyaqhubeka lilondoloza imvelo yasolwandle eyenza lelifa libe nokwenzeka. Umgomo unamandla kodwa uyakwazi ukufezeka: izinhlanzi ezisebenza ngokwezomnotho, ezilondolozwayo, futhi ezilinganayo emphakathini. Ukufinyelela lombono kuyodinga ukuphikelela, ukuthuthukisa, nokubambisana, kodwa okungavumelani, okungavumelani nokunye okuqhubekayo, ukuncipha kwezindawo zokudoba nezindawo zokudoba.
Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe ngezindlela zokudoba eziqinile kanye nokulondolozwa kwezilwane zasolwandle, vakashela i- Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishers zewebsite esemthethweni[, ukucwaninga imithombo yezobuxhaka obuvela ku- i-Aplyosy ne-Agriculture yeZizwe Ezihlangene [, funda nge-[FLT:]'AMATILETY [[FLT]] i-FLT], hlola ukucwaninga kobuzwe lolwandle olusekela izivumelwano zezenzo zobungako [FLT:], futhi uthole imizamo yokulondolo oluse [FLT:] kuhlelo lwezizwe zonke-FLT]
Ikusasa lezinhlanzi zaseJapane − futhi ngempela ikusasa lemithombo yolwandle olubanzi − lixhomeke ekukhetheni okwenziwa namuhla. Izimiso zika-MAFF zinikeza imephu yomgwaqo ukuze iqondiswe ngokulondolozwayo, kodwa ukuqaphela lombono kudinga isenzo kubo bonke abahilelekile esimisweni sasolwandle, kusukela kubadobi kuya kubathengi. Ngokusebenza ndawonye ukuze kulondolozwe, iJapane ingaqinisekisa ukuthi ulwandle lwayo luhlala lunezithelo futhi imiphakathi yalo yokudoba ihlala ivutha amakhulu eminyaka ezayo.